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Search for: rheumatoid arthritis    methotrexate    autoimmune disease    biomarker    gene expression    GWAS    HLA genes    non-HLA genes   

ID PMID Title PublicationDate abstract
7787327 Collagenous colitis. 1995 Mar Collagenous colitis is characterized clinically by chronic watery diarrhea and pathologically by colonic mucosal subepithelial collagen deposition. We report a 72-year-old woman who had collagenous colitis associated with chronic watery diarrhea. She received a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (sulindac) because of rheumatoid arthritis. Histological examination of biopsy showed a thick subepithelial collagen layer with lymphocytes, plasma cells, and infiltration of a few eosinocytes in the lamina propria. These findings led to the diagnosis of collagenous colitis. After treatment with salazosulfapyridine, her bowel movement became normalized and mucosal subepithelial collagen deposition disappeared.
8446301 Humoral mediation of changing body composition during aging and chronic inflammation. 1993 Jan A decline in lean body mass and an accompanying increase in fat mass are known to occur during aging. The consequences of these changes in body composition may include decreased strength and physical activity, altered energy metabolism, and impaired resistance to infection. The mechanisms behind these age-related events remain unknown, but they may include changes in some of the hormonal and cytokine mediators that seem to regulate body composition. The common inflammatory condition rheumatoid arthritis could provide a useful model of these phenomena dissociated from chronological aging. This article reviews changes in neuroendocrine and immune modulators of metabolism and their consequences during aging and chronic inflammation.
8372729 Variability in response to D-penicillamine: pharmacokinetic insights. 1993 D-Penicillamine (D-Pen) is one of a group of chemically similar drugs which are efficacious in rheumatoid arthritis and which have similar patterns of biotransformation and similar toxicity. These similarities suggest associations between the transformations of D-Pen and it's toxicity and efficacy. Oxidation, methylation, formation of stable adducts with protein, interaction with metals and reduction of oxygen species have been shown in-vivo or in-vitro. Metabolism to a sulphoxide may occur and may be relevant to toxicity. Intracellular concentrations of D-Pen and metabolites are largely unknown.
1503333 Autocrine secretion--10 years later. 1992 Sep 1 The concept of autocrine secretion, its subsequent modifications, its application for understanding pathogenesis of disease, and its potential for developing new approaches to prevention and treatment are reviewed. Peptide growth factors (cytokines) act as local autocrine and paracrine mediators of tissue homeostasis. Many diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other fibrotic diseases characterized by chronic inflammation, are associated with aberrant expression and cellular coordination of the homeostatic action of these regulatory molecules. Modern biotechnology and pharmacology offer unique opportunities for the therapeutic prevention and treatment of these molecular and cellular lesions, using either cytokines or other agents that modify their synthesis and activity.
1615336 The application of recombinant erythropoietin in anemic patients with cancer. 1992 Jun Recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) has been shown to correct anemia and alleviate transfusion dependency in patients with end-stage renal disease, to ameliorate anemia and reduce transfusion requirements in anemic patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, to correct anemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and to facilitate predeposit autologous blood donation. Cancer is frequently complicated by anemia, and a survey of serum erythropoietin concentrations in anemic cancer patients showed inappropriately low concentrations for the degree of anemia. Initial clinical trials suggest that r-HuEPO can correct the anemia associated with malignancy, but the exact role of the recombinant hormone in this situation remains to be defined.
20483074 [Non-cemented Prosthesis of the Walter-Motorlet Hip Joint Description of Implant, Indicati 1992 The authors discuss indications and application of non-cemented prostheses of the hip joint, type Walter-Motorlet. In the first part they give a detailed description of the implant and its range of sizes. Next they deal with possible indications and contraindications of non-cemented prostheses of this type. The above implant is used above all in biologically young patients. It has substantial advantages in dysplastic acetabula and in protrusions. Favourable results are obtained also in rheumatoid arthritis. Metabolic bone diseases which do not make it possible to create a satisfactory secondary fixation are a basic contraindication. The authors discuss the surgical technique, incl. possible complications and their solution, postoperative care and rehabilitation. Key words: cementless total hip replacement Walter--Motorlet, indication, surgical technique, complications, rehabilitation.
8949449 Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exophiala dermatitidis following intra-articular steroid injec 1996 Sep A patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis presented with a painful pigmented chronic nodule on the dorsum of the right hand, at the site of intra-articular steroid injections undertaken 5 years previously. Histology showed pigmented fungal elements consistent with phaeohyphomycosis. Cultures yielded black yeast-like colonies, identified as Exophiala dermatitidis and sensitive to itraconazole and amphotericin. A 1-month course of itraconazole resulted in marked clinical improvement but surgical excision and skin grafting were required for complete resolution. Phaeohyphomycosis has been related to inoculation injury but association with intra-articular steroid injection appears hitherto to be unreported.
8986356 The elbow joint and its total arthroplasty. Part I. A state-of-the-art review. 1996 Various pathologies, notably rheumatoid arthritis and/or trauma, are all known to cause severe pain and/or reduction of functional motion at the elbow joint. Implantation of a total arthroplasty, in such cases, has emerged as the first choice for management. For acceptable clinical performance, such an arthroplasty should be designed fully cognizant of various germane aspects of the anatomy, kinesiology and biomechanics of the normal joint. These aspects, together with a critical appraisal of the different classes of arthroplasty designs and a discussion of areas for further research (aimed at improving the in vivo performance of the prosthesis), are the subjects of the present review.
8535646 The antirheumatic agents sulphasalazine and methotrexate share an anti-inflammatory mechan 1995 Nov Increasingly, methotrexate (MTX) and sulphasalazine (SASP) are used initially for second-line therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although SASP and MTX are commonly used, the mechanism(s) by which these drugs control the inflammation that characterizes RA have remained obscure. Results from my laboratory indicate that these agents share a mode of action; the anti-inflammatory effects of both SASP and MTX are due, in both in vitro and in vivo studies, to their capacity to enhance adenosine release at inflamed sites. This mode of action suggests that the development of agents that directly alter adenosine metabolism may lead to new, more effective and safer antirheumatic drugs than those currently available.
8534508 Perspectives and future directions. Immunogenetics. 1995 An outline of the history of immunogenetics is presented. The usefulness of the Rh, HLA and Gm systems in disease prediction and prevention will increase with our capacity precisely to relate polymorphic variants to particular functions and pathophysiological events. Alloimmunization to Gm markers is common in rheumatoid arthritis, an allegedly autoimmune disease. This paradox and the paradox of nonnominal allotypes, disobeying Mendelian rules, are resolved by the interpretation that herpesviruses may transfer nonself polymorphic genes. Transduction of such genes may be important also in AIDS pathogenesis.
7824395 A new radiographic evaluation of primary osteoarthritis. 1994 Oct Two thousand five hip radiographs, both AP and lateral, were evaluated for osteoarthritis. We excluded all cases of traumatic osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, and congenital deformities. This left 1578 hips in 1309 patients, which were sub-divided into three categories: medial osteoarthritis (405 hips, 20% of which were bilateral, 68% women, 32% men); superior lateral osteoarthritis (934 hips, 19% of which were bilateral, 49% men, 51% women); and global osteoarthritis (239 hips, 23% bilateral, 53% men, 47% women). These categories may have significance in operative technique and survival of acetabular cups after total hip arthroplasty.
8440057 Improvement of yellow nail syndrome with oral zinc supplementation. 1993 Jan An unusual case of yellow nail syndrome (YNS) is reported. Total resolution of yellow nails and lymphoedema was observed following oral zinc supplementation for 2 years. A few years later, the patient developed a classical seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA). YNS, alone or associated with RA remains a rare clinical condition. The reported beneficial effects of zinc supplementation in YNS, as well as in several other pathological conditions, raise interest about the role of this trace element and its potential therapeutic implications and suggest further investigations are necessary.
1376994 Human autoantibody binding to multiple conformations of DNA. 1992 Mar Systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis in humans are characterized by circulating and tissue fixed autoantibodies reactive with self antigens including nucleic acids and other nuclear components. Native calf thymus DNA (B-form), DNA.RNA hybrid (A-form), and left handed DNA (Z-form) were reactive with autoantibodies derived from SLE sera. Inhibition studies suggest that antibodies are recognizing multiple conformations presented by altogether different polymers and A- or Z-DNA might be the immunogenic stimulus for the production of antibodies cross reactive with native DNA.
24197264 Anti-inflammatory oleanane triterpenes from Tripterygium wilfordii cell suspension culture 1993 Apr Treatment of cell suspension cultures of Tripterygium wilfordii with an autoclaved Botrytis sp. homogenate rapidly increased the synthesis of a family of oleanane and friedelane triterpenes, including the antiinflammatory oleanane triterpene 3β,22α-dihydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid. This compound exceeded 30 mg · l(-1) in 13 day elicitations with 12 l bioreactors, in contrast to control levels of less than 5 mg · l(-1). Cell cultures treated with the fungal elicitor provided higher triterpene yields in less time than cultures in a diterpene production medium or whole plants. Elicited production has been developed for commercial application in light of the successful treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with Tripterygium extracts.
1539445 Non-arthritic rheumatoid valvulitis with coronary arteritis causing myocardial infarction. 1992 Rheumatoid valvulitis occurring in an individual without arthritis has rarely been reported. A 62-year-old woman died after repeated myocardial infarction, with no articular symptoms but with a fever of unknown origin and a positive rheumatoid factor. Autopsy examination revealed granulomatous inflammatory lesions with rheumatoid nodules present in the aortic valve and the base of the left coronary artery. Wide-spread myocardial infarction was found in the septal and anterolateral walls of the left ventricle.
7545370 Interleukin-6-type cytokine-induced changes in acute phase protein glycosylation. 1995 Jul 21 The plasma levels and the glycosylation of acute-phase proteins (APP) are subject to marked changes during acute and chronic inflammation. The pathophysiological variations in different glycoforms of APP in serum most likely result from changes in the glycosylation process during their biosynthesis in the parenchymal cells of the liver. This is suggested from in vitro studies with isolated hepatocytes and hepatoma cell lines. Inflammatory cytokines appear to regulate the changes in glycosylation independent from the rate of synthesis of the APP. In addition, other humoral factors like corticosteroids and growth factors are involved. The interplay of these factors is determined by the stage of the disease (as in rheumatoid arthritis) or the physiological situation (as in pregnancy). The changes in glycosylation of specific APP might affect the operation of the immune system.
8761742 [Magnetic resonance imaging of the locomotor apparatus]. 1996 Apr 1 A multiplanar approach and a good tissue differentiation characterize magnetic resonance imaging which have a great role in exploring numerous musculo-skeletal lesions; review of main indications and limits. MRI is useful in diagnosing certain undisplaced fractures, fatigue and insufficiency fractures, and consequences. Fibrous cartilage and hyalin cartilage lesions, tears of tendons, ligaments and muscles are well appreciated. MRI is also very good for an early and correct diagnosis of avascular necrosis, spinal degenerative lesions, spinal consequences of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, and bone metastases. It is the technique of choice for local staging of bone and soft tissue sarcomas.
8705749 HLA-B27--associated uveitis presenting with diffuse vitritis. 1996 Apr A 26-year-old man complained of a sudden decrease in vision in the left eye. He had a past medical history of pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis with a positive HLA-B27 haplotype and negative antinuclear antibodies and later development of ankylosing spondylitis. His ocular history was unremarkable. An ophthalmic examination revealed a predominant diffuse vitritis (3+) in the left eye. The uveitis improved after treatment with topical and systemic steroids. Following an extensive clinical and laboratory evaluation, a final diagnosis of HLA-B27-associated uveitis was made. Although uncommon, diffuse vitritis can occur in the setting of this uveitis and may be a predominant symptom.
7634726 Decision making in upper extremity problems in the elderly. 1995 Jul As life expectancy continues to increase, orthopaedists must become more knowledgeable about upper extremity problems common to geriatric patients. Alternatives to direct repair of certain soft tissue injuries must be considered, because of their diminished healing ability and the morbidity associated with prolonged immobilization. Osteoporosis present in these patients affects surgical management of difficult fractures. Acquired soft tissue disorders such as nerve compression and Dupuytren's contractures often will require operative intervention to improve hand function. Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis disproportionately affect this age group. A variety of conservative and operative treatments are available to improve quality of life in these patients.
7884761 A review of the mechanisms of oral tolerance and immunotherapy. 1995 Jan The induction of oral tolerance by oral immunization has been well recognized. Accumulated evidence shows that oral tolerance can be mediated by orally activated humoral and cellular factors. In animal models, the development of several T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, uveitis and diabetes type 1 can be inhibited by oral immunization of the respective antigens. In allergy, oral administration of certain allergens can prevent and reduce both contact and atopic dermatitis. Oral tolerance to alloantigen also reduces graft rejection. In spite of these encouraging results, the usefulness of this approach for an alternative immunotherapy in humans needs to be investigated further.