Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8914754 | Serologic reactivity of a synthetic peptide from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 | 1996 Nov | The reactivities of 1,172 serum samples obtained from asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-positive and HIV-1-negative individuals residing in Mexico to a synthetic disulfide-looped peptide from the HIV-1 gp41 (amino acids 602 to 616 [IWGCSGKLICTTAVP] were examined by an enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) procedure. Antibodies to the synthetic peptide were detected in 261 of 268 serum samples from HIV-positive individuals (sensitivity, 97.4%). The peptide also reacted with 12 of 904 serum samples from control HIV-negative individuals (specificity, 98.7%). Western blots (immunoblots) of four of the seven serum samples that produced false-negative results in the ELISA showed that three of them reacted weakly with gp41 and strongly with gp120, p55, and/or p24. Potential diagnostic difficulties raised by the reported C1q binding capacity of this peptide were also evaluated: few and weak false-positive results were found among sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (1 of 31) and neurocysticercosis (2 of 111). In fact, strong reactivity with the peptide spotted an undetected HIV infection underlying clinical neurocysticercosis. | |
| 8869895 | Histocompatibility genes in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. | 1996 Aug | The class II and especially the DQB1 locus of MHC genes, as well as C4 deficiency alleles appear to be associated with genetic risk for developing aPL. The extensive linkage disequilibrium among some of these risk factors makes it difficult to assign a causal role for any of these alleles by means of previous population studies of patients with APS; studies a patients with primary APS, in particular, have involved relatively few patients. Although there appear to be some overall similarities between the known MHC associations of primary APS and those of secondary APS, only a modest relative risk of APS is associated with MHC alleles, as discussed above, and other unknown risk factors must also be important. Whether these unknown risk factors for primary APS are different from those in secondary APS is an area for further investigation. In addition, new genes continue to be identified in the MHC class II and III regions that appear to have important roles in antigen processing and recognition. Interethnic studies of these and other alleles in large cohorts would be informative since ethnic groups of African, Japanese or Caucasian backgrounds often exhibit differing allelic linkage disequilibria within the MHC. Studies of linkage relationships in various MHC haplotypes have, for example, helped to clarify the role of MHC class II oligo alleles in rheumatoid arthritis. Further clarification of the roles of these MHC alleles will also depend on functional studies in experimental models and in vitro, to assess the roles of these risk factors in aPL production. The roles of non-MHC risk factors and of environmental agents that are operative within families also warrant further studies. | |
| 8711748 | Phenotypic variation in xenobiotic metabolism and adverse environmental response: focus on | 1996 Jul 17 | Proper bodily response to environmental toxicants presumably requires proper function of the xenobiotic (foreign chemical) detoxification pathways. Links between phenotypic variations in xenobiotic metabolism and adverse environmental response have long been sought. Metabolism of the drug S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine (SCMC) is polymorphous in the population, having a bimodal distribution of metabolites, 2.5% of the general population are thought to be nonmetabolizers. The researchers developing this data feel this implies a polymorphism in sulfoxidation of the amino acid cysteine to sulfate. While this interpretation is somewhat controversial, these metabolic differences reflected may have significant effects. Additionally, a significant number of individuals with environmental intolerance or chronic disease have impaired sulfation of phenolic xenobiotics. This impairment is demonstrated with the probe drug acetaminophen and is presumably due to starvation of the sulfotransferases for sulfate substrate. Reduced metabolism of SCMC has been found with increased frequency in individuals with several degenerative neurological and immunological conditions and drug intolerances, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, motor neuron disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and delayed food sensitivity. Impaired sulfation has been found in many of these conditions, and preliminary data suggests that it may be important in multiple chemical sensitivities and diet responsive autism. In addition, impaired sulfation may be relevant to intolerance of phenol, tyramine, and phenylic food constituents, and it may be a factor in the success of the Feingold diet. These studies indicate the need for the development of genetic and functional tests of xenobiotic metabolism as tools for further research in epidemiology and risk assessment. | |
| 8648424 | Modulation of inflammation and cytokine production by dietary (n-3) fatty acids. | 1996 Jun | The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor, is pivotal in the response to infection. However, overproduction of these cytokines might be detrimental. It has been suggested that (n-3) fatty acids suppress inflammation and ameliorate the course of infection by decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We here, review these effects. Use of (n-3) fatty acids induced moderate clinical improvements in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and colitis, but not in systemic lupus erythematosus. Data on critically ill burn or postoperative cancer patients are still inconclusive. The (n-3) fatty acids markedly inhibited sterile inflammation in animal studies and improved survival in some experimental infections. T cell responses decreased in healthy volunteers but remained unchanged or increased in certain patient groups. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines decreased in most human studies. The (n-3) fatty acids increased cytokine production capacity in mice. Differences in cytokine-producing cell types studied may account for these paradoxical responses in humans and mice. Although the increased cytokine production in mice is partly mediated by effects on prostaglandins, mechanisms of action in other species remain to be elucidated. The (n-3) fatty acids may be of moderate benefit in some chronic inflammatory diseases. Their therapeutic value and possible hazards in critically ill patients remain to be established. | |
| 8647224 | On the interaction between agalactosyl IgG and Fc gamma receptors. | 1996 Jun | One of the serum abnormalities observed in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the occurrence of IgG that lacks the terminal galactose on asparagine-linked biantennary complex type oligosaccharides [Gal(0)-IgG] located in the CH2 domain. Additionally, IgG without glycosylation is known to be defective in several effector functions due to a reduced ability to bind to its specific receptors (Fc gamma R). It has thus been speculated that, by analogy with unglycosylated IgG, Gal(0)-IgG may also be functionally impaired or exert altered effector mechanisms. If this were true, Gal(0)-IgG could contribute to the phenotype of above-mentioned autoimmune diseases, like impaired immune complex clearance and defective down-regulation of activated B cells. Here, we show by three different methods that the interaction of Gal(0)-IgG and normally glycosylated IgG with the low-affinity Fc gamma RII (CD32) is indistinguishable with respect both to binding and receptor-mediated signalling. These data argue against a prominent role for Fc gamma R-dependent Gal(0)-IgG interactions in the etiology or pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. | |
| 8808209 | Genetic study of gold-salt-induced immune disorders in the rat. | 1995 Dec | BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with gold salts occasionally develop a glomerulonephritis and an increase in serum IgE concentration. Brown-Norway (BN) rats injected with aurothiopropanolsulphonate (ATPS) exhibit an increase in serum IgE concentration, produce antilaminin antibodies (Abs) and develop glomerular linear immunoglobulin (Ig) deposits, occasionally a membranous glomerulopathy and vascular granular Ig deposits. Lewis (LEW) rats are resistant. METHODS: The genetic requirements governing the appearance of these manifestations were studied in congenic rats, and in F1 hybrids injected with ATPS. RESULTS: Non-MHC-linked genes from the BN strain were absolutely required for all the traits to be observed. The RT1n (BN) or RT1(1) (LEW) haplotypes at the MHC were permissive for all the manifestations to appear and two RT1(1) alleles were associated with the highest response. However, granular Ig deposits were only observed in RT1n rats. The high serum IgE concentration and the antilaminin Ab level were associated with the presence of glomerular Ig deposits but were not associated with the presence of vascular Ig deposits. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that susceptibility to ATPS was mainly dependent upon non-MHC-linked BN genes and that the involvement of MHC-linked genes differed depending upon the character considered. There is an epistatic effect between the various genes. | |
| 7542074 | Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor: an important mediator of | 1995 May | Vascular permeability factor (VPF), also known as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is a multifunctional cytokine that is overexpressed in many transplantable animal and autochtonous human cancers, in healing wounds, and in chronic inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. All of these entities are characterized by angiogenesis, altered extracellular matrix, and variable degrees of hypoxia. In addition, two VPF/VEGF receptors, flt-1 and kdr, are overexpressed by endothelial cells that line the microvessels that supply these tumors/inflammatory reactions. On the basis of these and other data, we have proposed a model of angiogenesis in which VPF/VEGF plays a central role: this model is applicable to tumors and also to the angiogenesis that occurs in non-neoplastic processes. | |
| 7722761 | Fiber composition and fiber transformations in neck muscles of patients with dysfunction o | 1995 Mar | Biopsies of ventral neck muscles (sternocleidomastoid, omohyoid, and longus colli) and dorsal neck muscles (rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis inferior, splenius capitis, and trapezius) were taken from 64 patients who underwent spondylodesis for cervical dysfunction of different etiologies. The muscle fibers were classified histochemically as type I, IIA, IIB, or IIC (transitional or intermediate fibers) according to the pH lability of their myofibrillar ATPase. Signs of muscle fiber transformations were observed in all muscles investigated, as evidenced by an increased relative amount of type-IIC fibers. The transformations occurred independently of (a) the type of muscle (i.e., more "postural" or more "phasic"), (b) the sex and age of the patient, (c) the type of condition, and (d) the presence of additional neurological deficits. Thus, the same pattern of muscular reaction was found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis as in patients with soft-tissue injuries of the neck (e.g., "whiplash injury"). In the ventral muscles and the obliquus capitis inferior, the occurrence of transformations correlated strongly with the duration of symptoms; in the ventral muscles the vast majority of transformations were encountered in patients with a shorter history of symptoms, whereas in the obliquus capitis inferior the reverse occurred. In the other dorsal muscles, no correlation with the duration of symptoms was found. Muscles in which transformations had ceased displayed, on average, a significantly higher percentage of fast type-IIB fibers than were found in muscles with ongoing transformations. This strongly indicates that the transformations proceeded in the direction from "slow oxidative" to "fast glycolytic." | |
| 8644505 | Characterization of autoantibodies directed against T cell receptors. | 1995 | Recently it has been observed that administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) can have profound effects on a wide variety of diseases related to the dysregulation of the immune system. The mechanisms which explain these activities are poorly understood. Human IVIG and various Cohn plasma fractions contain autoantibodies directed against T cell receptors (Tcr). Previous studies have shown that IVIG contains autoantibodies against T cell receptor peptides. In order to further our understanding of autoantibody specificities, a single chain Tcr (scTcr) was constructed by recombinant DNA techniques from the variable alpha and variable beta chains of the Jurkat cell line. Anti-Tcr autoantibodies were isolated from IVIG and Cohn fractions I + III using a scTcr affinity column. This scTcr affinity purified material reacted with the surfaces of T cells at 10 micrograms/ml whereas non-purified IVIG did not. Sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as well as serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) reacted with the scTcr at levels above that of normals. | |
| 8077662 | Induction of IL-8 expression in T cells uses the CD28 costimulatory pathway. | 1994 Sep 15 | IL-8, a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes, is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, including T cells. Stimulation of the CD28 cell surface molecule delivers costimulatory signals essential for lymphokine production in activated T cells via a conserved sequence element found in the promoter of several lymphokine genes. Anti-CD28-stimulated T cells produced significant amounts of IL-8; additionally, costimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs resulted in a synergistic induction of IL-8 secretion. Sequence homology, single nucleotide mutations, and anti-CD28 Ab stimulation studies established that the NF-kappa B-like sequence in the promoter of the IL-8 gene functioned as a CD28 response element. Furthermore, cyclosporin A, but not rapamycin, blocked the synergistic induction of IL-8 expression achieved with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 costimulation. The involvement of a CD28 response element in the induction of IL-8 expression in activated T cells may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and persistence of immune disorders characterized by increased levels of IL-8, such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 8036040 | Children with fever of unknown origin in Argentina: an analysis of 113 cases. | 1994 Apr | The aim of this study was to determine the causes of fever of unknown origin, to evaluate new diagnostic tests and to elucidate risk factors for chronic or life-threatening disorders. The medical records of 113 children who had undiagnosed fever for at least 3 weeks were reviewed. Infection (N = 41) was the most frequent cause of fever of unknown origin. Respiratory tract infections were the most common causes in infants and endocarditis and tuberculosis were more frequent in older children. Neoplastic disorders (N = 11) occurred in children older than one year. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (N = 9) was the most common collagen-vascular disorder (N = 15). Miscellaneous disorders and factitious fever occurred in 21 and 4 cases, respectively. Twenty-two patients remained undiagnosed. History and physical examination led to a final diagnosis in 81% of cases. Abdominal ultrasonography was performed in 71 patients (61%) and was helpful for diagnosis in 15%. Children with life-threatening or chronic disorders (N = 58) were older than those with self-limiting conditions (N = 55; P = 0.017). Cardiovascular and articular signs and symptoms were more frequent in the former group (P = 0.01). | |
| 8195109 | Role of extracorporeal photopheresis in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, autoim | 1994 | Photopheresis is a pheresis-based therapy that is currently available at approximately 70 medical centers worldwide. Recent evidence indicates that extracorporeal photopheresis can significantly prolong life, as well as induce a 60-75% response rate among individuals with advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Moreover, a 10-15% cure rate, in response to photopheresis alone, or in combination with interferon alfa, has been obtained at our institution. These complete responses have been characterized by the complete disappearance of morphologically atypical cells from the skin and blood. Southern blot analysis of peripheral blood specimens have also confirmed the indefinite disappearance of the malignant T-cell clone from the blood of patients with complete responses. Current immunological data obtained from in vitro human studies and from animal models suggest that the basis for the responses of CTCL patients are related to activation of treated macrophages resulting in release of cytokines, including substantial levels of TNF alfa, and, perhaps, to the induction of anti-clonotypic immunity directed against pathogenic clones of T-lymphocytes. In addition to the treatment of CTCL, a potential role for photopheresis in the therapy of autoimmune disease has been suggested by recent pilot studies of pemphigus vulgaris, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Furthermore, a randomized, single-blinded trial involving 79 patients with early onset, aggressive systemic sclerosis suggested that photopheresis could beneficially effect the course of the cutaneous thickening in this form of the disease. Lastly, two independent pilot studies of cardiac transplantation have indicated that photopheresis can reverse acute cardiac allograft rejection and potentially suppress ongoing chronic rejection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 7870343 | Molecular analysis of C3 allotypes in patients with systemic vasculitis. | 1994 | The third component of complement (C3) exists in two main allotypic forms, C3S and C3F, distinguished at the DNA level by a single base change. An increased frequency of the rarer C3F allele has been reported in patients with the autoantibody nephritic factor and in several other autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and IgA nephropathy. Studies of the immunogenetic factors predisposing to the development of systemic vasculitis have produced conflicting results and no major genetic predisposing factors have been identified. We have studied the C3S/F polymorphism in 63 patients with systemic vasculitis using DNA allotyping by the amplification refractory mutation system, a modification of the polymerase chain reaction. The allele frequency in these patients was C3S 0.71, C3F 0.29 (expected C3S 0.8, C3F 0.19; chi-squared = 5.1, P < 0.025), with the average relative risk for the development of systemic vasculitis associated with the presence of a C3F allele being 2.6. Moreover, there was a marked excess of C3FF homozygotes (11/63, [17.5%], versus 4% expected: chi-squared = 9.5, p < 0.01). The average relative risk for the development of systemic vasculitis in C3F homozygotes was 5.1, indicating a gene dosage effect. These data indicate that the C3F allele is associated with a predisposition to the development of systemic vasculitis and that C3F homozygotes are at particularly high risk. This association is the strongest genetic factor reported so far for this group of diseases. | |
| 7851838 | Drugs designed to maintain the transparence of the ocular lens. | 1994 | Research into the biological basis of lens transparency has demonstrated the implication of lens sugar stress in the diabetic cataract whereas senile cataract is the result of natural degeneration which is enhanced by various external factors such as cosmic and ionizing rays, or oxidative processes. Drugs have been developed which are aimed at being effective on lens pathological physiology and metabolism, concurrently. Such molecules: aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs: sorbinil, AD-5467, CT-112 and imirestat), acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), salicylate (SA) and sodium monomethyl trisilanol orthohydroxybenzoate (SMB, a prodrug for salicylate) have undergone pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and/or clinical studies which are presented here. ARIs have shown efficacy in slowing down and preventing the progression of experimental sugar cataracts; sorbinil can partially reverse the very early morphological signs of sugar cataract. Sorbinil and imirestat have also demonstrated anti-oxidant properties. ARIs administration (per os or by topical instillation) generally results in lens levels compatible with concentrations that are efficient on biochemical mechanisms of cataract formation. However, at the present time, clinical evaluations are in progress and as yet, there is no confirmation of their efficacy in man. ASA and SA can prevent various mechanisms of lens protein denaturation; they inhibit AR and prevent, in vitro, the formation of some pigments found in the aged cataractous lens. Extrapolation of the ASA ocular pharmacokinetics results in animal to man, suggest that ASA administration per os could result in efficacious levels in the lens. This is also sustained by the observation of a reduced frequency of cataracts in ASA treated diabetic rheumatoid arthritis patients. SMB pharmacokinetic studies have shown small but persistent levels of the active principle in the lens. They suggest that the capsule slows down SA diffusion into the lens and that, on the contrary, lens epithelium facilitates its penetration. Preliminary results of pharmacodynamic studies are given. | |
| 8256490 | [Is GSB knee prosthesis implantation for patellar problems still justifiable? Experiences | 1993 Sep | In our clinical the GSB-prosthesis has proved to be a good therapeutic concept. In 1988 we controlled 230 patients who had got GSB-prostheses in the years 1979-1987. The average age of our patients was 75 years. Most times surgery had been done because of idiopathic osteoarthrosis, rarely because of post-traumatic or rheumatoid arthritis. Indications for surgery were usually severe pain, limited range of movement and deformities of the knee joint. In the beginning of the studied period we had implanted GSB-type I-prostheses, later we had implanted GSB-type II-prostheses with or without femoropatellar surface. We achieved good results in pain reduction and in range of movement. However the major complications were caused by the patella. These patients had problems at climbing stairs, pain at the beginning of movements and at getting up from chairs. They presented with increased pain sensitivity at the tip of the patella and to friction of the patella. Regular radiological findings were severe destructions or fractures of the upper patellar pole. These problems led in 40 cases (17% of our cases) to reoperations until 1988 (At all we reoperated 50 times because some patients needed additional reoperations). According to our studies results there will be a need for reoperations in about 50 other cases. We discuss the following reasons for this high rate of severe patellar complications demanding re-surgery: 1. Localisation of the patella: according to our studies the patella is frequently dranged cranially, seldom laterally. 2. Often we found an internal rotation of the tibia against the femur.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 8326350 | Pooled time series regression analysis in longitudinal studies. | 1993 Jul | Many longitudinal studies attempt to examine changes in outcome measures over time in groups of patients. Applying conventional analytic techniques, such as a single classical linear regression model, to these data will often not result in minimum variance estimates, and may affect the results of tests of significance. Pooled time series regression analyses comprise a set of techniques that may be used in these instances to model changes in outcome measures over time. Pooling of time series data from many individuals may be done using two types of models: fixed effect models, which specify differences among individuals in separate intercept terms, and random effects models, which allow for differences among individuals by including an additional error component in the model. The choice between these alternative model specifications is guided by both theoretical and statistical considerations. This paper describes the use of pooled time series analysis, contrasts these methods with two classical linear regression approaches, and demonstrates these differences using two examples: a hypothetical study of serum glucose measurements in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis, and a longitudinal study of the development of functional disability in a cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. These methods may be applicable to the study of outcomes in many chronic illnesses. | |
| 8331851 | [A case of interstitial pneumonia of polymyositis-dermatomyositis with various pathologica | 1993 May | A 60-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a two month history of dry cough and dyspnea on exertion. A chest roentgenogram revealed diffuse interstitial shadows with a reduction of lower lung volume. Laboratory examinations revealed an increase in CPK and aldolase. There was decreased proximal muscle power, and the findings of a biopsy of the right deltoid were compatible with polymyositis. Myositic symptoms were stable, but the respiratory symptoms worsened, and an open lung biopsy was performed for diagnosis and to determine the best treatment. The histological findings of biopsy materials demonstrated active interstitial pneumonia complicated by cellular interstitial pneumonia, bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia, usual interstitial pneumonia and lymphoid hyperplasia. The patient responded well to adrenocorticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy, and is now attending as an out patient. It is well known that PM-DM can be associated with interstitial pneumonia, and this complication is an important prognostic factor clinically. The pathological patterns of interstitial pneumonia in PM-DM may be divided into usual interstitial pneumonia and bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Furthermore, it is well documented that these patterns are concurrent with the response to adrenocorticosteroid and prognostic factors. However, our case of PM-DM, in which various patterns such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were pathologically revealed, cannot be considered as having uniform pathological pattern. We consider that pulmonary pathological patterns of PM-DM are very varied, as with RA. It is a very important to evaluate the nature of these patterns and the subsequent clinical course in PM-DM with interstitial pneumonia. | |
| 8100982 | Immune recognition of human Hsp60 by Lyme disease patient sera. | 1993 Apr | Members of the Hsp60 family of microbial heat shock proteins frequently serve as immunodominant antigens and immunological responses to these highly conserved proteins have been implicated in the pathology of a number of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory processes associated with microbial infection. In the present study, sera from patients with Lyme disease were examined by Western blot analysis for the presence of IgG against Borrelia burgdorferi antigens and for autoreactive IgG against recombinant human Hsp60 (huHsp60). These results were then compared to those obtained using sera from normal healthy controls, patients with a variety of acute non-spirochete infections, and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The results indicate a high incidence of autoreactive antibodies against huHsp60 in the sera of Lyme disease patients (67.9%) and patients with RA (75%). Positive reactivity was observed at lower rates in sera from healthy controls (25%) and sera from patients with acute non-spirochete infections (38%). Together the data suggest an association between the presence of autoreactive antibodies against huHsp60 and infection with B. burgdorferi. A similar association may exist between the presence of autoreactive antibodies against huHsp60 and RA. | |
| 8508560 | Antiproliferative effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and inhibition of in | 1993 Mar | A mixture of natural and semisynthetic (modified) glycosides from Podophyllum emodi (Proresid) has been used for many years in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, but its use is hampered by gastrointestinal side effects. Highly purified podophyllotoxin (CPH86) and a preparation containing two semisynthetic podophyllotoxin glycosides (CPH82) are currently being tested in clinical trials. In this study these drugs were shown to inhibit in vitro [3H]-thymidine uptake of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by the mitogens concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen. Complete inhibition was observed with CPH86 in concentrations > or = 20 ng/ml and with CPH82 in concentrations > or = 1 microgram/ml. In vitro production of IgG, IgM and IgA by PWM-stimulated cells cultured for 7 days was unaffected by 10 ng/ml CPH86 and 100 ng/ml CPH82, but was strongly inhibited by concentrations of CPH86 at > or = 20 ng/ml and CPH82 at > or = 1 microgram/ml. In conclusion, both CPH86 and CPH82 inhibit mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation and immunoglobulin synthesis and the results may be of help in determining optimal dose levels if related to treatment effects. | |
| 8444913 | Triple arthrodesis in older adults. Results after long-term follow-up. | 1993 Mar | We studied the results for seventeen patients (eighteen feet) who had had a triple arthrodesis at an average age of sixty-six years (range, fifty-two to eighty years). There were twelve women and five men. The procedures had been performed to correct deformities of the hindfoot and midfoot caused by an untreated rupture of the posterior tibial tendon in ten patients; by rheumatoid arthritis in three patients (four feet); and by neuropathic arthropathy (associated with diabetes mellitus), trauma, old poliomyelitis, and a stroke in one patient each. The average duration of follow-up was forty-two months (range, twenty-seven to 156 months). At the most recent follow-up examination, three patients had a non-union (one, of the talonavicular joint and two, of the calcaneocuboid joint), six patients (seven feet) had progressive degenerative joint disease involving the ankle, seven had progressive degenerative changes in the mobile joints of the feet, two had had an infection but both infections had healed, and one had had postoperative collapse of the foot because of premature, unauthorized weight-bearing. In one patient, a staple across the subtalar joint had been removed because of pain caused by impingement of the staple on the tip of the fibula. Over-all, fourteen of the seventeen patients were satisfied with the result of the operation. All seventeen had less pain postoperatively, but eleven still had some discomfort.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) |