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ID PMID Title PublicationDate abstract
7939404 Serologic characteristics in primary biliary cirrhosis associated with sicca syndrome. 1994 Jul BACKGROUND: Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) may have coincidental sicca syndrome (SS). The frequencies of SS and the occurrence of the Sjögren's-associated anti-Ro and -La antibodies in PBC patients have been reported at widely varying prevalences. This study investigated whether distinctive serologic characteristics are associated with SS in PBC. METHODS: Forty PBC patients and thirty patients with other types of liver cirrhosis were tested for SS and associated autoantibodies (ANA, AMA 2, anti-Ro, anti-La, anti-U1RNP-A, -C, -68 kD, and rheumatoid factors). RESULTS: Fourteen PBC patients (35%) complained of sicca symptoms, of whom 10 (25%) had a positive Schirmer-I test, and 7 (17.5%) had serologic characteristics similar to those of Sjögren's syndrome. Anti-52-kD Ro antibodies were positive in seven PBC/SS cases (p < 0.025). There was no anti-Ro positive PBC patient without SS. Three patients with PBC/SS with anti-52-kD Ro and anti-smooth-muscle antibodies developed lung fibrosis. No patient in the other cirrhosis group had SS or its characteristic autoantibody findings. CONCLUSIONS: It was suggested that PBC and SS are frequently associated. Anti-52-kD Ro antibodies seem to be a characteristic serologic finding for SS in PBC, suggesting their pathogenic role in autoimmune sialadenitis.
8147932 Expression of sequences homologous to HTLV-I tax gene in the labial salivary glands of Jap 1994 Apr OBJECTIVE: To address the question of whether the human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) gene is associated with the etiology of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). METHODS: RNA expression of HTLV-I gag, pol, env, and tax genes in labial salivary glands (LSGs) from SS patients who were seronegative for antibodies to HTLV-I was examined using reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction techniques. RESULTS: The HTLV-I tax gene, but not the HTLV-I gag, pol, or env genes, was detected in LSG samples from 4 of 14 patients (29%). The nucleotide sequences of the HTLV-I pXIV region in these 4 patients' LSGs showed 100% homology to the HTLV-I pXIV gene from the MT-2 cell line. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that products encoding sequences homologous to the HTLV-I pXIV gene in SS patients' LSGs might be candidates for self-antigen and/or lead to activation of autoreactive T lymphocytes through trans-acting transcriptional activation.
1326247 [Autoimmune diseases after unusual exposure to silica or silicones. 3 cases]. 1992 A woman, who had intensively used an abrasive cleansing powder rich in silica for 12 years, developed a connective tissue disease consisting of destructive inflammatory oligoarthritis, Gougerot-Sjögren's syndrome, Raynaud's syndrome, anti-nuclear antibodies and hypocomplementemia. Another woman, who had sprayed silicone-glaze on cables for 15 years, suffered from edematous scleroderma. A man, who had sprayed the same silicone-glaze on cables over a 20 year period, had a subluxing arthropathy. These autoimmune syndromes were compared with diseases classically induced by exposure to silica and silicone. To the best of our knowledge, these means of exposure have not been reported previously and merit being known in the aim of prevention.
7473471 Interleukin-2 receptor expression in salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome. 1995 Aug OBJECTIVE: To study interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression in lymphocytic and epithelial cells in salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). METHODS: Minor salivary glands of 29 patients with primary SS, 28 with secondary SS, 19 with autoimmune diseases without SS, and 17 controls were studied using immunohistochemical techniques. Sections were analyzed with 3 different antibodies reacting with CD25 molecule. RESULTS: The presence of IL-2R (CD25) was observed in minor salivary gland lymphocytic infiltrate in 26 (89.6%) primary SS, 24 (85.7%) secondary SS, and 16 (84%) autoimmune diseases without SS. CD25 antibody was expressed in epithelial cells in 12 (41%) patients with primary SS and 11 (39%) with secondary SS, but was absent in the group of autoimmune diseases without SS and the control group. CONCLUSION: The lymphocytic infiltrate of minor salivary gland expressed IL-2R in patients with primary SS, secondary SS and autoimmune diseases without SS. IL-2R expression in epithelial cells was only present in patients with primary or secondary SS.
7656472 IgA glycosylation abnormalities in the serum of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. 1995 Mar Since there is no information regarding the glycosylation status of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), the sialic acid and galactose contents of IgA1 and IgA2 were evaluated in 17 pSS patients and in 14 normal controls (NC), using new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The proportion of sialylated IgA1 and IgA2 was augmented (p < 0.001 and < 0.05, compared with NC), whereas that of galactosylated IgA1 and IgA2 was reduced (p < 0.01 and < 0.02, respectively). The level of SA IgA1 correlated the amount of IgA-containing immune complexes (p < 0.01), serum IgA (p < 0.01) and IgA-rheumatoid factor (p < 0.01). This demonstrates a number of IgA abnormalities in pSS patients. There were no correlations between SA and Gal, however, nor could any difference be ascribed to extraglandular manifestations.
7957728 The role of proprioception in the control of prehension movements: a kinematic study in a 1994 In this study we investigated the role of proprioception in the control of prehension movements, with particular reference to the grasp component. Grasp and transport kinematics were studied in a peripherally deafferented patient and in five healthy subjects. Two experiments were carried out: the prehension experiment and the grasp perturbation experiment. In the prehension experiment both the patient and the control subjects were required to reach and grasp three objects of different size, located at three different distances, both with and without visual feedback. In the grasp perturbation experiment a mechanical perturbation was applied to the fingers during prehension movements, again executed with and without visual feedback. In the prehension experiment temporal parameters of the patient's movements were generally slowed, with greater variability on some measures. However, over the first phase of the movement the pattern of the patient's hand opening and transport acceleration, scaled to object size and distance, was the same as that of controls, both with and without visual feedback. On the contrary, during the final phase of the movement (the finger closure phase and deceleration) the patient's performance differed significantly from the controls. These phases were abnormally lengthened and frequent movement adjustments were observed. In the grasp perturbation experiment the patient was not able to compensate for the perturbations applied to the fingers, even with visual feedback. The data allowed us to investigate also the respective contribution of proprioception and of vision of the hand in the control of prehension. We compared prehension kinematics in two conditions: (a) with visual but no proprioceptive feedback (in the patient) and (b) with proprioceptive but no visual feedback (in the controls). In both experiments proprioceptive control was more efficient than visual control. The results of this study are interpreted in favour of the strict dependence of prehension control on proprioception. The first phase of the movement, however, can be appropriately planned and executed without the necessity of either proprioceptive or visual information about the hand.
1306595 [Polyarthritis revealing hairy cell leukemia]. 1992 Nov 30 A female patient simultaneously developed hematologic evidence of hairy cell leukemia and marked but short-lived inflammatory involvement of a number of joints. Both these groups of symptoms resolved simultaneously and rapidly under alpha-2 interferon therapy. This course suggests that the arthritis was a rheumatologic manifestation of the hematologic disease. The concomitant occurrence in this patient of arthritis, splenomegaly and leukopenia was suggestive of Felty syndrome: these two conditions need to be differentiated.
8987322 Pulmonary embolism associated with Sjögren's syndrome in pregnancy. 1996 Oct The occurrence of pulmonary embolisms in patients having circulating lupus anticoagulant has been reported. Lupus anticoagulant has been noticed in association with autoimmune diseases and early-onset severe preeclampsia. We report a case of Sjögren's syndrome with circulating lupus anticoagulant in a patient who developed a pulmonary embolism and severe preeclampsia at 29 weeks of gestation.
8779794 [A case of Sjögren's syndrome with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]. 1996 Jun A 73-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital in January 1995 because of dry cough and dyspnea. A diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome with distal renal tubular acidosis and Hashimoto's disease had been made in 1984. Dry cough developed and a chest X-ray showed bilateral reticulo-nodular shadows in the lower lung field in 1992. Her symptoms had gradually became more severe and the reticulo-nodular shadows on her chest X-ray had spread to both upper lung fields. We performed transbronchial lung biopsy. Biopsy specimens showed lymphocytic infiltration of the aleveolar walls. These lymphocytes were almost CD3-positive and CD19-negative in immunohistopathological studies. CD4-positive cells and CD8-positive cells were present in almost equal numbers. A diagnosis of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) associated with Sjögren's syndrome was made. The patient was treated with prednisolone, 40 mg daily. Her dry cough and dyspnea improved slightly but her chest X-ray remained unchanged. We suggest that immunohistopathological analysis of biopsy specimens may show a difference between lymphocytic infiltration of labial salivary glands and of the lung.
8537393 Molecular characterization of Golgin-245, a novel Golgi complex protein containing a grani 1995 Dec 29 The serum from a Sjögren's syndrome patient with anti-Golgi antibodies was used as a probe to isolate a 4.6-kilobase pair cDNA insert from a HeLa cDNA library. Expression of the cDNA in Escherichia coli and the in vitro translation products of the cDNA yielded a recombinant protein that migrated in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at 180 kDa. This protein was immuno-precipitated by the human anti-Golgi serum and by immune rabbit serum but not by normal human serum or preimmune rabbit serum. Western blot analysis showed that the prototype human and immune rabbit sera recognized a 245-kDa protein, suggesting that the isolated clone contained a partial cDNA. The 5'-upstream sequence obtained by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends methodology using human placental cDNA and the combined HeLa cDNA contained 6965 base pairs and combined HeLa cDNA contained 6965 base pairs and encoded a protein of 245 kDa and, like other Golgi autoantigens described earlier, is highly rich in coiled-coils. The deduced amino acid sequence included the decapeptide ESLALEELEL, which was identified as one of two signature sequences previously reported in a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides known as "granins". This is the first report of a Golgi complex autoantigen that bears structural similarities to the granin family of proteins.
8846837 Immunocytochemical location and hormonal control of androgen receptors in lacrimal tissues 1995 Dec Androgen therapy suppresses lymphocyte infiltration in, and improves the functional activity of, lacrimal glands in a female mouse model (MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr [MRL/lpr]) of Sjögren's syndrome. To extend these findings, the current investigation was designed to identify the cellular target(s) within lacrimal tissue that may mediate this androgen effect. In addition, we explored the endocrine regulation of androgen receptors in autoimmune lacrimal glands. Adult, female MRL/lpr mice were exposed systemically to vehicle, steroid hormones or immunosuppressive agents for varying time intervals after the onset of disease. Immediately before or after treatment, lacrimal glands were obtained and processed to determine the cellular distribution and nuclear density of androgen receptors by immunoperoxidase and image analysis techniques. Our findings demonstrated that: (1) androgen receptors exist almost exclusively within nuclei of acinar and ductal epithelial cells in lacrimal tissue of MRL/lpr mice; (2) androgen receptors are not detectable in the extensive lymphocytic populations that infiltrate the gland; (3) testosterone administration induces a significant increase in the number of androgen receptor-containing cells in, as well as the density of androgen receptors in epithelial cell nuclei of, lacrimal tissue; (4) hormone action is steroid-specific: administration of androgen analogues, but not estrogens, glucocorticoids or cyclophosphamide, stimulate the accumulation of androgen receptors; and (5) androgen receptor density is significantly reduced following the withdrawal of androgen therapy. These results show that epithelial cells, but not lymphocytes, are the androgen target cells in lacrimal tissue, and suggest that these cells may mediate the androgen-related immunosuppression and functional enhancement in lacrimal glands of autoimmune female mice. Our findings also demonstrate that androgens increase the expression of their own receptors in MRL/lpr lacrimal tissue.
8551135 Acute Sjögren-like syndrome as the first manifestation of a generalized CMV infection in 1995 Nov We report the first case of generalized cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in an AIDS patient who presented with an acute Sjögren-like syndrome and was diagnosed by parotid gland biopsy. All symptoms disappeared after a few days of intravenous ganciclovir therapy.
8523344 Local cytokine expression in the progression toward B cell malignancy in Sjögren's syndro 1995 Sep OBJECTIVE: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) has been indicated as an ideal human model to investigate B cell lymphomagenesis. Our aim was to investigate similarities or differences in cytokine expression in both prelymphomatous and frank B cell lymphomatous SS lesions, as well as in SS related lesions versus SS unrelated malignant B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. METHODS: The mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-6R, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) was analyzed by a sensitive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique in 10 SS tissue samples from 10 consecutive patients [7 nonmalignant parotid myoepithelial sialadenitis (MESA) lesions with evidence of B cell clonal expansion, and 3 B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas] as well as a series of 11 SS unrelated B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. RESULTS: IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-6, IL-6R, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta mRNA was expressed in all or in the vast majority of the samples analyzed. IL-4 mRNA was detected in 2/3 SS related and in 3/11 SS unrelated non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, while SS related MESA samples were characterized by an IL-4 negative pattern and lacked IL-3 or IFN-gamma expression in 3/7 cases and in 2/7 cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: Many cytokines may be involved in the evolution of prelymphomatous to definite B cell malignant lesions in SS, as well as in the development of SS unrelated B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. A putative pathobiological role of the IL-12/IL-4 balance, in the presence of cytokines that may sustain B cell proliferation (i.e., IL-3, IL-6, IL-10), may represent a major point for future research. Finally, our data reinforce the view of SS as a human model of B cell lymphomagenesis.
7724897 [Cardiac involvement in polymyositis--dermatomyositis associated with Sjogren's syndrome]. 1995 May A 41 years old woman with polymyositis-dermatomyositis with cardiac involvement is presented. The patient evolved with congestive heart failure, the electrocardiogram showed a left anterior hemiblock, lack of progression of R waves from V1 to V4 and unspecific ST and T alterations. Echocardiogram and cardiac catheterization showed global ventricular disfunction and pulmonary hypertension. An endomyocardial biopsy performed at the apex of the right ventricle showed mononuclear inflammatory infiltration, myocardial fiber degeneration and fibrosis. Initially, the patient responded well to diuretic, vasodilator and steroid therapy. Posteriorly she developed an atrial flutter that required electrical cardioversion and later died suddenly during the course of an acute pneumonia.
7955600 Low tear production in patients with diabetes mellitus is not due to Sjögren's syndrome. 1994 Jul OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether low tear production in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) was related to autonomic nervous system abnormalities, to Sjögren's syndrome, as suggested by a previous study, or to other factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study assessment of patients with DM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) attending the University of Alberta Outpatient Education Program for DM were consecutively included. All patients were assessed for keratoconjunctivitis sicca with a questionnaire. Tear production was assessed with Schirmer tests and patients with abnormal findings were further examined by an ophthalmologist. The effect of possible confounding factors was also evaluated: all patients underwent standard tests for the diagnosis of autonomic neuropathy and laboratory tests including lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose and levels of HbA1C. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were determined using HEp2 cells and various substrates for specific autoantibodies. RESULTS: Twenty-one of the patients had symptoms compatible with keratoconjunctivitis, and 25 had an abnormal Schirmer test. None of these 25 had abnormal corneal staining. Sixty one patients had evidence of autonomic neuropathy. Antinuclear antibodies were detected in 6 patients and anti-Ro in one other. Multiple regression analyses using the Schirmer test as a dependent variable, and controlling for all the independent variables, showed an association with autonomic neuropathy. No significant associations were observed with the other variables, including the presence of autoantibodies. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the low tear production seen in some DM patients is related to disfunction of the autonomic nervous system and not commonly to Sjögren's syndrome.
8039279 Ultraviolet-A1 irradiation decreases clinical disease activity and autoantibodies in patie 1994 Mar In this study we assess the effect of ultraviolet radiation, exclusively within the UV-A1 (340-400 nm) range, on disease activity in SLE. Ten SLE patients were irradiated for 15 days, four of them then continuing treatment for 8 months, with low doses (60 kJ/m2/d) of UV-A1 irradiation. They were assessed clinically and serologically before, after 3 weeks, and after 8 months of therapy. Clinical indices of disease decreased in the 10 patients after 3 weeks by 39%; they decreased in the four patients irradiated for 8 months by 70%. Antibodies to Sjögren's syndrome A (anti-SSA) or antinuclear antibodies (ANA) decreased or disappeared in most patients. There were no side effects. In this uncontrolled study, UV-A1 irradiation appears to have been an effective and seemingly innocuous therapeutic modality for patients with SLE, decreasing signs and symptoms of disease, diminishing levels of autoantibodies and increasing in effectiveness with time.
8182651 Chronic salicylate intoxication and rhabdomyolysis in a patient with scleroderma and Sjög 1994 Feb A 44-year-old woman with scleroderma and Sjögren's syndrome developed altered consciousness, acute renal failure, and rhabdomyolysis. She had no history of trauma, seizures, alcohol abuse, hyperthermia, or other possible causative factors for rhabdomyolysis. A high serum salicylate level indicated a diagnosis of salicylate intoxication. Medical history after recovery revealed chronic salicylate ingestion for severe headaches. This is possibly the first reported case of rhabdomyolysis caused by chronic salicylate intoxication. Continuous hemodiafiltration early in hospitalization was an effective treatment.
8036400 [Sarcoid granuloma of the accessory salivary glands. An anatomic study and anatomo-clinica 1994 From 228 clinical files of cases with suspected sarcoidosis who had had a biopsy of the accessory salivary glands, 17 cases with both a final diagnosis of sarcoidosis and one or more tuberculoid granulomas. There were 12 women (mean age: 30 years) and 5 men (mean age: 28.5 years) including 3 of Caribbean or African descent. The histopathological examination was performed to determine: 1) the number of granulomas per biopsy, divided into 3 groups: group I, 1 granuloma (n = 1); group II, 2 to 5 granulomas, mean 3.5 (n = 6); group III more than 5 granulomas, mean 12.5 (n = 5); 2) the diffusion of the granulomas within the lobules: 17% of the lobules were involved in groups I and II vs 47% in group III; 3) the size of the granulomas "minimal" (barely identifiable in 3 of 6 patients in group I; rather easily identifiable in all the other patients; 4) the presence of "non-specific" lesions including lymphoid infiltration, epithelial changes. In addition correlations with other clinical parameters of severity and/or duration were evaluated including: involvement of the main salivary glands and/or non-secretory syndrome. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) lesions of the accessory salivary glands is a sign of sarcoid lesions outside the thorax since 16 of the 17 patients had extra-thoracic clinical, biological or anatomic manifestations; 2) there is not however any significant difference in clinical severity between the 3 anatomic "intensity" groups (number of follicules in the accessory salivary glands); 3) both cases of sarcoidosis of recent onset (< 3 months) with Loefgren's syndrome were in group I; 4) the intensity of the specific lesions in the accessory salivary glands was similar to that of the non-specific lesions and can be correlated with the intensity of the main salivary gland involvement, with or without a non-secretory syndrome.
8531351 [Epitopes of the target proteins of anti-SS-A/Ro and anti-SS-B/La autoantibodies]. 1995 Oct Anti-SS-A/Ro and anti-SS-B/La autoantibodies are diagnostically important in Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the relationship between generation of these autoantibodies and the pathogenesis of the diseases remains to be solved. Several lines of autoepitope mapping of the target molecules revealed that multiple epitopes on the molecules were recognized by sera from patients with the diseases. This indicates that these autoantigens themselves drive the autoimmunity, that is, the molecules specific autoreactive T cells are activated. Further studies to elucidate how the autoreactive T cells become activated would be of help in understanding the pathogenesis of the diseases.
7473264 Detection of cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus in labial salivary glands in Sjogren's 1995 Aug To investigate the role of herpes viruses in Sjogren's syndrome, minor (labial) salivary gland tissues from Sjogren's syndrome and from non-specific sialadenitis were examined for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA by the polymerase chain reaction. Almost half of all salivary glands studied contained EBV and/or HCMV. There was, however, no significant difference between the detection of EBV or HCMV in salivary glands from patients with Sjogren's syndrome or non-specific sialadenitis. The findings are consistent with the persistence of EBV and HCMV in minor salivary glands following primary infection, but do not indicate a direct role for either virus in the aetiology of Sjogren's syndrome, and do not exclude reactivation of the viruses in this disease.