Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15989620 | Transcription inhibitors in inflammation. | 1997 May | Advances in molecular medicine have revealed a key role for altered gene expression in the aetiology of many inflammatory diseases, including asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and sepsis. Until recently, however, modulation of gene transcription has not been the subject of directed pharmaceutical research efforts. Notwithstanding, it is clear that the efficacy of several well-established anti-inflammatory therapeutics is mediated through their ability to modulate gene transcription. Understanding the mechanisms of action of these therapeutics and defining new gene regulatory pathways has stimulated a new wave of anti-inflammatory drug discovery. This update aims to cover our current understanding of transcription inhibitors in inflammation, including the mechanism of action of established therapeutics and the properties of new chemical entities recently described in the literature. | |
| 11679850 | [Diagnosis of aortitis]. | 2001 Oct | Aortitis can be a component of a variety of diseases, such as Takayasu arteritis, giant cell arteritis, Behçet's syndrome, Cogan's syndrome, spondylarthropathies, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, Erdheim-Chester's disease and a variety of infectious processes like syphilis, Salmonella and others. The presentation is variable: aortic valve regurgitation, aneurysm, dissection, stenosis of the aorta or its initial branches. Sometimes systemic manifestations are at first presentation like fever or inflammatory syndrome. The differential diagnosis may be difficult in some situation like inflammatory aortic atherosclerotic aneurism, or retroperitoneal fibrosis. Some aortitis remain idiopathic. Corticosteroid and sometimes surgery are mostly required to avoid life-threatening complications. | |
| 11564141 | Chemical synoviorthesis with rifampicin in haemophilia. | 2001 Jul | Rifampicin is an antibiotic that has been currently used for the treatment of noninfectious articular lesions with satisfactory results. The first experience was performed with patients who presented rheumatoid arthritis, and later with haemophilic patients. The clinical experience of three haemophilia centres which used rifampicin for the treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis is presented here. The protocols were different. It was observed that rifampicin is more effective when it is used in small joints (elbows and ankles), than when used in bigger ones (knees), and that a high number of injections predicts failure. Mention is also made of experimental studies in animals where it was shown that the healing pattern of rifampicin is similar to that of NSAIDs. | |
| 10804689 | [Autoimmune hepatitis associated with thyroiditis and hypophysitis. A case report]. | 2000 Mar | Autoimmune hepatitis primarily affects women and 40% of cases are associated with extrahepatic autoimmune dysfunction. Thyroiditis, ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis are the most commonly implicated entities. We present a 46-year-old woman with type-II autoimmune hepatitis and Graves disease who presented deterioration in level of consciousness, her symptoms mimicking severe liver failure. Hormone studies and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging revealed hypophysitis, which led to hypothyroidism and metabolic encephalopathy. The syndrome was resolved with hormone replacement therapy. | |
| 9917954 | Radiologic manifestations of the systemic autoimmune diseases. | 1998 Dec | Advances in thoracic imaging during the past two decades, such as CT scans and MR imaging, have enhanced our understanding of the pleuropulmonary abnormalities that develop in the systemic autoimmune diseases. In this article, the thoracic radiologic manifestations of several connective tissue diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, progressive systemic sclerosis, and anklyosing spondylitis), two granulomatous vasculitides, (Wegener's Granulomatosis and Churg-Strauss syndrome), and antiglomerular basement membrane disease are reviewed. | |
| 9692314 | Necrotizing fasciitis complicating disseminated cutaneous herpes zoster. | 1998 Mar | The association of necrotizing fasciitis, often due to group A streptococcus and primary varicella (chicken pox), is unusual but recognized in children. The association in adults is rare but one report in the literature describes a previously healthy man with the two disorders. We now describe a case of disseminated cutaneous herpes zoster complicated by subacute necrotizing fasciitis in an elderly woman taking low dose methotrexate and prednisone for rheumatoid arthritis. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated. Localized debridement and split skin grafting were required. | |
| 9330074 | Pyoderma gangrenosum of the breast treated with low-dose cyclosporin A. | 1997 Mar | Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a painful chronic ulcerative skin disorder often occurring in association with systemic disease. It typically affects the lower limbs, but may also involve other sites, or sometimes develop after trauma of surgical procedures. We report the case of a woman with rheumatoid arthritis who developed disfiguring and severe PG of the right breast, a rare site, following biopsy for a benign breast lesion, and who was subsequently successfully treated with low-dose cyclosporin A. | |
| 16103943 | Atiprimod (AnorMED). | 2000 Mar | Atiprimod is a macrophage-targeting oral cytokine inhibitor which is being developed by AnorMED as a potential treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. Phase I trials have been successfully completed and phase II multicenter trials have been approved by the FDA [303260]. The compound was discovered in a joint research and development program with SmithKline and French (now SmithKline Beecham, SB) but following acceptance of the phase II protocol by the FDA, SB decided not to proceed with further development of atiprimod as a result of an internal restructuring program [350042]. All rights to atiprimod and other azaspiranes developed in this program have reverted to AnorMED, which is seeking corporate partners for further development of the compound [303260,337657]. The compound was originally disclosed in European patent, EP-00310321, entitled 'Preparation of N-aminoalkyl-2-azaspiro[4.5]decanes and analogs as immunosuppresants', while a cost-effective, efficacious pilot plant synthesis has also been described [298722]. | |
| 15775554 | [Bone marrow plays an important role in joint destruction in patients with rheumatoid arth | 2001 May | In iliac bone marrow the absolute number of mononuclear cells (MNCs) was increased in RA patients compared with the non-RA controls. In CD8 positive cell and myeloid cell fractions, significant differences were recognized between RA patients and non-RA controls. The presence of abnormal myeloid lineage cells in epiphyseal bone marrow adjacent to joints affected with severe RA was shown. Stroma cell lines from RA bone marrow with nursing activity were established and shown to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis in RA bone marrow. Histologic study also shows that subchondral region expressing tissue-damaging proteinases plays an important role in joint destruction in RA. | |
| 14517381 | Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. | 1998 | Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of structurally related enzymes that are capable of degrading a wide variety of extracellular matrix proteins. In addition to the role played by these enzymes in normal tissue remodeling, MMPs have been implicted in the pathogenesis of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. In cancer increased MMP activity may facilitate tumor invasion, metastasis and tumor angiogenesis. Expression of high levels of MMPs in certain malignancies has been shown to be associated with a poor prognosis. Using structure-based design, a range of low molecular weight synthetic MMP inhibitors have been developed. These have proven effective in animal models of disease and several (CGS 27023A, AG3340, Ro 32-3555 and marimastat) have now commenced clinical trials. | |
| 11749935 | Inflammatory and granulomatous lesions of the larynx and pharynx. | 2001 Dec 3 | A number of inflammatory and granulomatous lesions can involve the larynx and pharynx. These conditions are generally difficult to diagnose because of the range of symptoms. This article reviews the following conditions: supraesophageal complications of reflux disease, relapsing polychondritis, Wegener granulomatosis, sarcoidosis, tuberculous laryngitis, Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene fluoropolymer resin; DuPont, Wilmington, DE) granuloma, amyloidosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. The purpose is to provide a brief review of each disease and its manifestations, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. | |
| 10642693 | Pemphigus vulgaris induced by D-penicillamine therapy in a patient with systemic sclerosis | 2000 Feb | D: -Penicillamine-induced pemphigus occurs infrequently, typically in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We describe a patient with systemic sclerosis who experienced this complication 3 months after starting D -penicillamine therapy. Nikolsky's sign, histopathologic findings, and direct immunofluorescence all confirmed the diagnosis. Termination of disease progression required intravenous pulse glucocorticoids, azathioprine, and 3 courses of plasmapheresis. The presentation, treatment, and etiology of D -penicillamine-induced pemphigus are reviewed, and the incidence of this complication in scleroderma patients is examined. | |
| 9623050 | [Atherosclerosis not caused by overindulgence only. Infection may be a risk factor for car | 1998 May 6 | The importance of vascular inflammation in the atherosclerotic process is receiving increasing attention. Several infections have been linked with cardiovascular disease and atherogenesis, and the risk of cardiovascular manifestations has been found to be increased in the presence of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus. Inflammatory cytokines have been shown to induce changes in lipid metabolism and endothelial function, which may result in arterial disease. These recent advances in our knowledge may provide a basis for the development of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. | |
| 9300019 | Recognizing peripheral neuropathy. How to read the clues to an underlying cause. | 1997 Sep | Several systemic diseases, including some common ones (eg, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disease) can cause symptoms of peripheral nerve dysfunction. Efficient identification and treatment of the underlying disorder can avoid costly and unnecessary testing. Patients' descriptions of symptoms and their onset, specific deficits found on physical examination, and family and medical history provide many clues to the cause of the neuropathy. Nerve-conduction studies, electromyography and, when necessary, nerve biopsy serve as complements to clinical evaluation. | |
| 11858115 | [Bone mineral density in patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. | 2001 | AIM: To examine the prevalence of osteoporosis (OPO) and osteopenia (OPE) in female patients with rheumatic arthritis (RA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 60 female patients with proved diagnosis of RA aged 34-64 years: 30 premenopausal women (median age 41.5 years, disease duration 9.5 years) and 30 postmenopausal women (median age 56.2 years, disease duration 10.2 years). Both groups have not undergone any glucocorticoid or antiosteoporotic therapy. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured with a Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) in the lumbar spine, proximal segments of the femur, forearm. RESULTS: In the group of premenopausal patients with RA the rate of OPE was 63% for forearm, 60% for femoral neck, 33% for lumbar spine. In postmenopausal women 53, 50 and 50%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Osteoporosis in RA is of a generalized character and can be encountered in peripheral skeleton more often than in the axial one. It is possible to estimate the BMD of one section by means of the BMD indicator of another section. | |
| 11178120 | Phenotypic characteristics of human monocytes undergoing transendothelial migration. | 2001 | In our study we characterised the immunophenotype of monocytes that migrated through an endothelial cell (EC) monolayer in vitro. We found that monocyte migration led to an enhanced expression of CD11a, CD33, CD45RO, CD54 [intercellular cell-adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1] and human leucocyte antigen-DR. The most striking increase was observed for ICAM-1 when ECs were activated with tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1alpha. The results of our study indicate the following: (1) there is a characteristic immunophenotype on the surface of monocytes after transendothelial migration; (2) this phenotype seems to be induced by interactions between monocytes and ECs; and (3) this change is enhanced by the pretreatment of ECs with cytokines. Taken together, the results suggest that local cytokine production activating ECs is sufficient to enhance monocyte migration and that this, in turn, can induce changes consistent with an activated phenotype known to be interactive between antigen-presenting cells and T cells. These results have implications for our pathogenetic insights into rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 9927103 | Compressive cervical myelopathy due to calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease: | 1999 Jan 25 | Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) deposition disease is an inflammatory arthropathy that is defined by the deposition of CPPD crystals in articular and periarticular structures. The deposition of CPPD in hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage leads to the chondrocalcinosis that is characteristic of the disease. It can occur independently or in association with any of a number of inflammatory or endocrine disorders. This form of crystal-induced arthritis tends to affect the peripheral joints, particularly the knees, ankles, shoulders, wrists, and second and third metacarpophalangeal joints, but involvement of the lumbar spine is not uncommon. Cervical spine disease due to CPPD deposition is, however, rare. We report a case of compressive cervical myelopathy due to CPPD deposition disease of the cervical spine in a woman with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis. We also, from a review of the English-language literature, describe the collective reported clinical experience with CPPD deposition disease of the cervical spine. | |
| 9302687 | Does differential neuroendocrine control of cytokine production govern the expression of a | 1997 Sep | Pregnancy and the postpartum period are associated with significant changes in levels of several hormones, such as estrogen, progesterone, cortisol and possibly catecholamines. Moreover, several autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis tend to remit, develop or exacerbate during pregnancy or the postpartum period. Thus, the question arises: are the changes in the hormones and the expression of autoimmune diseases during these periods causally linked, or are these associations an epiphenomenon? Here we suggest that a causal link might be provided through differential neuroendocrine regulation of Th1-type and Th2-type cytokine production. | |
| 12793958 | Combination of methotrexate and prednizone decreases circulating concentrations of interle | 1999 Jan | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of methotrexate (MTX) in combination with prednizone on cytokine levels, acute phase proteins and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBAR--an indicator of peroxidative damage to tissue lipids) in the blood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to investigate their associations with clinical disease activity. METHODS: We measured blood concentrations of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin- 6 (IL-6), TBARs and classical clinical and laboratory indices of disease activity in 36 RA subjects before and after 3 and 6 month treatment with MTX and prednizone. Only RA subjects who stopped any disease-modifying anti rheumatic drugs treatment for last 3 months were included in the study. Baseline cytokine and TBARs levels were compared with those obtained with 20 healthy controls. RESULTS: Compared to controls RA subjects had elevated levels of circulating IL-1 beta (63.3 +/- 47.6 vs 13.7 +/- 7.8 pg/ml, p<0.01), IL-6 (147.2 +/- 76.5 vs 15.9 +/- 13.3 pg/ml, p<0.001) and TBARs (3.11 +/- 0.42 vs 1.34 +/- 0.45 nmol/1, p<0.001) concentrations. MTX in combination with prednizone improved patient clinical status that was accompanied by 1.96-, 1.25-, and 1.35-fold decrease in IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TBARs after 6 month treatment (p<0.001), respectively. Although, IL-1 and IL-6 revealed a few correlations with classical indices of disease activity no association was found between patient clinical status improvement and cytokine changes over 6 month treatment. CONCLUSIONS: MTX in combination with prednizone decreases blood levels of IL-1 beta and IL-6 and inhibits the intensity of free radical- mediated processes in RA subjects. Monitoring of plasma concentrations of these cytokines could not predict the treatment efficacy. | |
| 10936503 | 4'-Hydroxy aceclofenac suppresses the interleukin-1-induced production of promatrix metall | 2000 Aug 11 | This study demonstrates the novel actions of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug aceclofenac, which is frequently used for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. 4'-Hydroxy aceclofenac, a main metabolite of aceclofenac in humans, down-regulated the production of promatrix metalloproteinase-1/procollagenase 1 and promatrix metalloproteinase-3/prostromelysin 1 along with a decrease in their mRNAs in rabbit articular chondrocytes and synoviocytes, and interfered with the release of sulfated-glycosaminoglycans (proteoglycans) from the chondrocytes. 4'-Hydroxy aceclofenac also suppressed the proliferation of rabbit synoviocytes. In contrast, aceclofenac itself and its other metabolites, diclofenac and 4'-hydroxy declofenac, did not exert obvious actions on cellular functions. Therefore, it is suggested that the therapeutic effects of aceclofenac on rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrits are, at least in part, due to the novel chondroprotective effect of 4'-hydroxy aceclofenac via the suppression of promatrix metalloproteinase production and proteoglycan release. There is also evidence that inhibition of synoviocyte proliferation and the known inhibitory action on prostaglandin E(2) production play a role. |