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ID PMID Title PublicationDate abstract
17397638 [Vegetarian diets; effect on health]. 2007 Mar Vegetarian diets are those diets mainly based on the consumption of vegetable product, but that also permit consumption of eggs and milk. The American Dietetic Association made a declaration on these vegetarian diets in which they stated that <>. Some studies have shown beneficial results in obesity, cancer, Parkinson disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and urinary stones, compared with the omnivorous. The possible theoretical benefits in some diseases has been seen in the medical practice (diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular risk). However more studies are needed in the case of Parkinson's disease and rheumatoid arthritis.
17220915 Systemic infections and inflammation affect chronic neurodegeneration. 2007 Feb It is well known that systemic infections cause flare-ups of disease in individuals with asthma and rheumatoid arthritis, and that relapses in multiple sclerosis can often be associated with upper respiratory-tract infections. Here we review evidence to support our hypothesis that in chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, with an ongoing innate immune response in the brain, systemic infections and inflammation can cause acute exacerbations of symptoms and drive the progression of neurodegeneration.
17216174 Necrotizing fasciitis secondary to diverticulitis. 2007 Mar Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare, rapidly progressive infectious process primarily involving the fascia and the subcutaneous tissue, with thrombosis of the cutaneous microcirculation. We present a case of necrotizing fasciitis secondary to diverticulitis in an immunosuppressed patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
17117947 Investigation of the functional variant c.-169T > C of the Fc receptor-like 3 (FCRL3) gene 2006 Dec A functional variant in the Fc receptor-like 3 (FCRL3) gene has been implicated in susceptibility to autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune thyroid disease. Investigating a large case-control sample of patients with alopecia areata (AA), we found no evidence for the involvement of FCRL3 in susceptibility to AA.
16483904 Osteoarthritis: epidemiology. 2006 Feb Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the world. In Western populations it is one of the most frequent causes of pain, loss of function and disability in adults. Radiographic evidence of OA occurs in the majority of people by 65 years of age and in about 80% of those aged over 75 years. In the US it is second only to ischaemic heart disease as a cause of work disability in men over 50 years of age, and accounts for more hospitalizations than rheumatoid arthritis (RA) each year. Despite this public health impact, OA remains an enigmatic condition to the epidemiologist. In this chapter, we will review the definition and classification of OA, its prevalence, incidence, risk factors and natural history.
19026141 Poor physical fitness and performance as predictors of mortality in normal populations and 2008 Sep Poor physical function and low muscle strength are significant predictors of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis, other chronic diseases, ageing individuals, and the general population. Poor physical function predicts earlier mortality in diseased and normal populations at levels of significance similar to or greater than most known biomedical predictors such as laboratory tests. This chapter summarizes data concerning the prediction of premature mortality by poor physical fitness and musculoskeletal function, according to performance and self-report measures. The data support recommendations for regular exercise in all individuals whether or not they have a disease, to promote health and longevity.
18465664 Tovaxin, radiation-attenuated, patient-specific T-cells for the therapeutic vaccination of 2008 May Opexa Pharmaceuticals Inc is developing Tovaxin, a trivalent formulation of attenuated myelin-peptide-reactive T-cells, for the potential treatment of multiple sclerosis. Tovaxin is being evaluated in phase II clinical trials. Opexa was previously investigating Tovaxin for the potential treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; however, no development has been reported for this indication since December 2002.
18364625 Amyloid tumor of the breast mimicking breast carcinoma. 2008 Feb Amyloid tumors of the breast are extremely rare. Few isolated cases have been reported to date. Amyloid involvement of the breast has no specific diagnostic features on mammography; on occasion, this causes diagnostic challenges. In this paper, the case of a 58-year-old woman with an amyloid tumor of the breast, which developed secondary to long-standing rheumatoid arthritis, is presented. She presented with a palpable mass in her right breast, which led to an erroneous clinical diagnosis of breast cancer. The unusual mammography findings are demonstrated and the differential diagnosis, in light of the radiological images and the clinical and pathologic features, is discussed.
21203217 Methyl 4-eth-oxy-2-methyl-2H-1,2-benzothia-zine-3-carboxyl-ate 1,1-dioxide. 2008 Jul 16 In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(13)H(15)NO(5)S, the mol-ecules exhibit weak S=O⋯H-C and C=O⋯H-C inter-molecular inter-actions and arrange themselves into centrosymmetric dimers by means of π-π inter-actions (ring centroids are separated by 3.619 Å, while the closest C⋯C contacts are 3.514 Å). 1,2-Benzothia-zines of this kind have a range of biological activities and are used as medicines in the treatment of inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis.
18164406 Tuning the Au(I)-mediated inhibition of cathepsin B through ligand substitutions. 2008 Mar It has been over 80 years since the antiarthritic properties of gold(I) complexes were first recognized. However, a detailed understanding of their mechanism of action has been slow to develop. One likely biological target of gold(I) is the cathepsin family of lysosomal cysteine proteases, enzymes involved in the inflammation and joint destruction that are hallmarks of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We have previously shown that analogs of auranofin, a clinically available antiarthritic drug, inhibit cathepsin B. In this study, the extent to which the steric and electronic properties of the phosphine ligand can be modified to obtain enhanced potency against cathepsin B is investigated.
17430796 [New possibilities of treating patients with autoimmune disorders]. 2007 Apr 8 Autoimmune diseases vary in a wide range from mild to severe, intractable diseases. A great development of the therapy has been encountered in the past decades, in particular of formerly incapacitating diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis or Crohn's disease. While biologic therapy, in particular monoclonal antibodies, offered most new solutions in these disorders, the therapy with many conventional drugs has also been rewritten. Old drugs, such as cyclophosphamide or intravenous immunoglobulin, retained their position in severe forms of autoimmunity. An evolving new area of stem cell transplantation offers benefit for the most severe patients suffering from intractable autoimmune diseases.
16932736 Therapy insight: The recognition and treatment of retinal manifestations of systemic vascu 2006 Aug A variety of retinal signs can occur in patients who have systemic vasculitides, or who experience complications of these diseases or their treatment. Although treatment of these retinal manifestations is usually the treatment of the systemic disease, specific treatment is occasionally indicated to preserve vision. The more prevalent of the systemic vasculitides are giant cell arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, relapsing polychondritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Less frequently occurring vasculitides include Takayasu's arteritis, Goodpasture's disease, microscopic polyangiitis and Henoch-Schönlein purpura, as well as vasculitis secondary to scleroderma and rheumatoid arthritis. This article describes the pathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of retinal manifestations of systemic vasculitides.
19107112 RADIATE: more treatment options for patients with an inadequate response to tumor necrosis 2009 Feb Over the last decade, the use of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors has improved the prognosis of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Although these agents are more efficacious than traditional DMARDs, a substantial proportion of patients discontinue anti-TNF therapy because of adverse effects or lack of efficacy. Therapeutic options for these patients include dose increases, switching to an alternative TNF antagonist, or switching to a biologic of a different class, such as rituximab or abatacept. The recently published results of the RADIATE study by Emery et al. suggest that the interleukin-6 inhibitor tocilizumab is a safe and effective alternative for patients who fail to respond to anti-TNF therapy. Randomized controlled trials and the study of biomarkers are needed to help clinicians select the most suitable of these options for their patients.
19022823 Tolerogenic dendritic cells for autoimmune disease and transplantation. 2008 Dec Dendritic leucocytes are professional antigen-presenting cells with inherent tolerogenic properties and are regarded as critical regulators of innate and adaptive immunity. Modification of dendritic cells (DCs) in the laboratory can enhance and stabilise their tolerogenic properties. Numerous reports suggest that such immature, maturation-resistant or "alternatively activated" DCs can regulate autoreactive or alloreactive T-cell responses and promote or restore antigen-specific tolerance in experimental animal models. The first clinical testing of tolerogenic DCs in human autoimmune disease, including rheumatoid arthritis, is imminent. Herein the properties of tolerogenic DCs and prospects for their testing in chronic inflammatory disease and transplantation are reviewed.
19035059 Concurrent infection of pneumocystis pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis in an HIV-serone 2008 Oct Co-infection with Pneumocystis jirovecii and Mycobacterium tuberculosis is rarely reported in patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We describe the case of a 33-year-old HIV-negative female patient who was on long-term oral corticosteroids for rheumatoid arthritis and admitted with for respiratory distress and diffuse infiltrative pneumopathy in whom concurrent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pneumocystis jiroveci was confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid examination.
18935734 A novel therapy for the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum. 2008 Mar Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon, chronic, painful, ulcerative skin disease of unknown origin, often associated with systemic diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis; monoclonal gammopathy, hepatitis and myeloproliferative disorders. The mainstay of therapy for PG has been high-dose corticosteroids but not all patients have a favourable outcome. Other systemic agents have also been used such as cyclosporine, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus. However, all these systemic therapies can be complicated by serious side effects. In this paper, we report a series of four patients with pyoderma gangrenosum treated successfully with topical cyclosporine. No side-effects were observed in any of the patients and there was minimal systemic absorption of the topical cyclosporine.
18751843 Haglund's syndrome: diagnosis and treatment using sonography. 2006 Feb Haglund's syndrome is a cause of retrocalcaneal pain. The clinical diagnosis of Haglund's syndrome is often confusing as the clinical picture may mimic other causes of hindfoot pain such as isolated retrocalcaneal bursitis or hindfoot involvement from more systemic arthropathies such as Reiter's syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis. With the increasing frequency of employing sonography as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of foot and ankle pathology, recognition of the sonographic appearance of Haglund's complex is important. We report a case of Haglund's syndrome diagnosed and treated with sonography.
18638688 New horizons in pharmacologic treatment for rheumatic disease pain. 2008 May Chronic pain is the major concern for patients with rheumatic diseases, such as low back pain, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis, but current therapies are suboptimal. Animal models and emerging clinical data indicate that there is a complex spectrum of neurologic changes, manifesting both nociceptive and neuropathic pain, which are driven by joint pathophysiology and abnormal excitability in peripheral and central pain pathways. A variety of mechanisms and molecular drivers have been identified that can support future segmentation of musculoskeletal pain patients. Emerging therapies are directed to targeting inflammatory mediators, ligand and voltage regulated ion channels, as well as increasing inhibition through monoaminergic modulation. Finally, neurotrophic abnormalities may be restored through the modulation of specific neurotrophins. These developments are supported by increasing emphasis on the clinical understanding of the neurologic changes in pain patients to enable confident translation to clinical application.
18489760 Access to high cost medicines in Australia: ethical perspectives. 2008 May 19 Access to "high cost medicines" through Australia's Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) is tightly regulated. It is inherently difficult to apply any criteria-based system of control in a way that provides a fair balance between efficient use of limited resources for community needs and equitable individual access to care. We suggest, in relation to very high cost medicines, that the present arrangements be re-considered in order to overcome potential inequities. The biological agents for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis are used as an example by which to discuss the ethical issues associated with the current scheme. Consideration of ethical aspects of the PBS and similar programs is important in order to achieve the fairest outcomes for individual patients, as well as for the community.
17715765 [Antibiotic prophylaxis indicated in dental procedures in patients with a joint prosthesis 2007 Jul 14 Randomised controlled trials concerning antibiotic prophylaxis are lacking and reported incidence of late infections after dental procedures is probably underestimated by the high rate of antibiotic prescription in the past and the difficulty in establishing the origin of late infection. Bacteraemia after dental procedures has been proven, especially in infected areas and, given the serious morbidity of late prosthetic joint infections, antibiotic prophylaxis is advised, particularly for patients with risk factors such as rheumatoid arthritis and haemophilia.