Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3492836 | [Osteocalcin and bone metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis]. | 1986 Sep | Osteocalcin is the most abundant noncollagenous protein of bone and is regarded as the best biochemical marker for bone formation. The synthesis of this protein in osteoblasts is stimulated by 1.25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1.25(OH)2D3). The aim of this study was to examine the rate of bone formation measured by osteocalcin in patients (pts) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 58) and osteoarthrosis (OA) (n = 14) and its dependence on various parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism, especially vitamin D metabolites. Furthermore we compared the significance of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin as a parameter for bone turnover in these patients. According to treatment pts with RA were divided into four groups: one receiving gold salts (n = 14), one glucocorticoids (n = 13), one chloroquine (n = 14), and one nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) (n = 17). Pts with OA and RA treated with NSAID showed significantly lower values of osteocalcin than pts with RA treated with glucocorticoids or gold. In contrast to osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher in all pts with RA than in pts with OA. 1.25(OH)2D, which was significantly (p less than 0.05) elevated in pts with RA treated with glucocorticoids, correlated significantly with parathyroid hormone (PTH). These data indicate that bone metabolism, at least in pts with OA and RA treated with NSAID is characterized by a decreased bone formation which is probably compensated in part in pts treated with glucocorticoids, as 1.25(OH)2D and PTH are significantly (p less than 0.05) elevated. Furthermore, the osteocalcin values were closely correlated with 1.25(OH)2D in pts with OA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 2328584 | Keratoconjunctivitis sicca and corneal ulcers. | 1990 Apr | We reviewed the records of 56 patients (109 eyes) who satisfied our criteria for keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) to determine factors associated with the development of sterile corneal ulcers. The patient's age, sex, and associated local ocular surface and/or systemic disease were studied. We found a statistically significant association between the development of corneal ulceration and the presence of an underlying condition or disease state, especially chronic rheumatoid arthritis. Patient sex and age were not significantly associated with the development of corneal ulceration. We present three case histories that illustrate the complications that arise in managing KCS plus an associated disease and methods of management. | |
| 2723373 | Replacement of the trapeziometacarpal joint with a cemented (Caffinière) prosthesis. | 1989 Jan | Between 1978 and 1985, 31 Caffinière prostheses were implanted in the first carpometacarpal joints of 28 patients for treatment of degenerative osteoarthritis (26 patients) or rheumatoid arthritis (2 patients). At follow-up an average of 48 (13 to 77) months after operation, four hands had reoperation, with the replacement of six components, five cups and one metacarpal component. In addition, there were x-ray signs of component loosening in three other cases. Of the 29 thumbs that could be evaluated with regard to pain, 27 had no pain at all or only slight pain, and two patients had moderate pain. No patient suffered from severely disabling pain. Mobility and strength were satisfactory. | |
| 3304322 | Antinuclear antibodies in Thai patients with connective tissue diseases. | 1987 Jun | A study of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) among Thai patients with various connective tissue diseases revealed that the prevalence of ANA was similar to that in other countries, but that the ANA patterns showed interesting contrasts in most diseases. Rather than the predominant homogeneous pattern seen elsewhere in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, the speckled pattern was commonest among Thai patients with these two diseases (67.9% and 76.9% respectively). Patients with scleroderma exhibited a much lower percentage of the nucleolar pattern (17%) than reported elsewhere. The discrepancy between our findings and those from other studies may reflect differences in genetics, the environment or the severity of disease. | |
| 3235325 | Total P.C.A. knee arthroprosthesis. | 1988 Mar | Between 1983 and 1986 the authors implanted 36 porous-coated P.C.A. total knee prostheses in 34 patients. Complications included two fatal cases of pulmonary embolism and one deep infection which healed within five months following removal of the prosthesis and arthrodesis. The results obtained in 23 patients after an average follow-up of 18 months were excellent in 87% and fair in 13% (according to the Hungerford evaluation system). Radiographic evaluation showed excellent prosthetic positioning in 70% of the cases, the presence of radiolucent lines in areas 5-6-7-8-11-15-19 (according to Hungerford) in 21% of the cases, and zonal bone resorption in areas 1-2-3-4 in 43% of the cases. The authors report their conclusions with reference to complications, the preservation of the posterior cruciate ligament, and problems related to positioning the prosthesis. | |
| 2122448 | Possible deletion of a developmentally regulated heavy-chain variable region gene in autoi | 1990 Oct | Several autoantibody-associated variable region (V) genes are preferentially expressed during early ontogenic development, suggesting strongly that they are of developmental and physiological importance. As such, it is possible that polymorphisms in one or more of these genes may alter susceptibility to autoimmune disease. We have searched extensively for a probe related to a developmentally regulated V gene that has the power to differentiate among highly homologous V genes in human populations. Using such a probe (i.e., Humhv3005/P1) related to both anti-DNA and anti-IgG autoantibodies, we studied restriction fragment length polymorphisms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus and found an apparent heavy-chain V (VH) gene deletion that was nearly restricted to the autoimmune patients. These data suggest that deletions of physiologically important VH genes may increase the risk of autoimmunity through indirect effects on the development and homeostasis of the B-cell repertoire. | |
| 3512415 | Cell-mediated immunity in rheumatic disease. | 1986 Mar | Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis are the three most common systemic rheumatic diseases in which disordered immune function is thought to play a pathogenetic role. Each disease has different and characteristic abnormalities of the cellular immune system. In rheumatoid arthritis the identified abnormalities of immunoregulation are largely limited to specific antigens: Epstein-Barr virus and collagen. Systemic lupus erythematosus is characterized by exuberant B-cell activity with exaggerated humoral response, a diversity of autoantibodies, non-antigen-specific loss of suppressor cell function, and general suppression of cell-mediated immunity. In systemic sclerosis systemic defects of cellular and humoral immune function are mild, but the release of lymphokines and monokines at sites of inflammatory lesions is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of the disease. Similar immune cell-connetive tissue cell interactions are probably important in the propagation of rheumatoid synovitis. Thus, despite the many shared clinical and serologic features of these diseases as well as the presence of many patients who have clinically overlapping features of more than one of these entities, the immune defects and the immunopathogenesis of these disorders appear to be distinct. | |
| 2213752 | Antibodies to denatured type II collagen in rheumatoid arthritis: negative association wit | 1990 Jul | Serum samples from 129 patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were assayed by ELISA for antibodies to denatured bovine type II collagen (dII). All patients had active disease at the time of serum sampling. Anti-dII antibodies were found in 18 (14%) of 129 patients (95% confidence intervals: 8-20%). The only clinical or laboratory feature associated with the presence of anti-dII antibodies was seronegativity for IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM RF): 6 (37.5%) of 16 seronegative patients had anti-dII antibodies vs 12 (10.6%) of the 113 seropositive patients (OR = 5, p less than 0.01). There were no associations of anti-dII antibodies with age, sex, race, disease activity, disease duration, functional class, or the presence of HLA-DR1, DR4, or DQw3 in these patients. Antibodies to type II collagen may have a pathophysiologic role in RA, especially in patients seronegative for RF. | |
| 1365489 | Comparative double-blind study of droxicam (new NSAID) versus indomethacin in rheumatoid a | 1991 | This randomized, controlled and double-blind clinical trial compares the efficacy of droxicam (20mg/day) with that of indomethacin (75mg/day) in 40 RA patients (11 male, 29 female) aged (+/- SD) 53 +/- 12.5 years. After a 7-day single-blind run-in placebo period, patients were divided into two groups and treated for 9 weeks. Assessments were done at baseline and at the end of the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th and 9th weeks. Both drugs improved significantly the articular pain, the duration of morning stiffness, the articular index, the functional status and the degree of fatigue. Patient's and doctor's opinions were in accordance with the above-mentioned results. The effect of both drugs was more noticeable in the first 2 weeks of treatment. Droxicam was found to be statistically more active than indomethacin in alleviating morning stiffness and improving the functional status. The improvement of the variables induced by droxicam increased progressively throughout the study whereas that induced by indomethacin remained unchanged after the 2nd or 4th week of treatment. One patient treated with indomethacin withdrew from the study due to staggering and dizziness and several patients reported dyspepsia. Droxicam seems to be as effective as indomethacin (75mg/day) in the symptomatic relief of RA patients. The possibility of the use of droxicam for the relief of morning stiffness is of particular interest. | |
| 3656304 | The Functional Status Index: reliability and validity of a self-report functional disabili | 1987 Aug | Practical, reliable and valid functional assessment instruments are needed to assist health providers in planning a patient's discharge from hospital and determining the need for rehabilitation or longterm care. In addition, such instruments can be used in clinical and epidemiological research. Several methods of assessing functional performance are available. Patient self-report offers many advantages: cost, speed of obtaining assessments and the potential for assessing a wide range of complex functional dimensions. Criticisms of this approach center around the degree to which the data are a reliable and valid reflection of patient function. We developed a Functional Status Index (FSI) and assessed its validity in 47 patients with hip fracture by comparing it to the results of objective functional performance tests. Our results indicate that patient self-report of function, if conducted with a structured, standardized format, yields data with considerable reliability and validity. | |
| 2045116 | Cytokine assays: role in evaluation of the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. | 1991 Feb | Cytokines are protein mediators involved in inflammation, the immune response, cell growth, repair and fibrosis. All of these processes are ongoing in active autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and so it would be expected that many cytokines would be actively produced in RA joints or Graves' disease (GD) thyroid glands. The cDNA cloning of cytokines has permitted the generation of pure recombinant molecules, and of newer more sensitive assays, and spurred the rapid development of knowledge in this field. Here we review the molecular strategies devised to study the possible role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of RA and GD, and describe some of the initial results. After 'cataloguing' the relative abundance of various cytokines, we sought to discover which cytokines are of major importance in pathogenesis. For that purpose we used neutralizing anti-cytokine antibodies and found that TNF alpha is one of the major signals regulating the production of IL-1 in the RA but not in the osteoarthritic (OA) joint. In order to further understand the dynamics of the cytokine network, the localization of the cytokine-producing cells by immunostaining and in situ hybridization has also been performed. The latter techniques are particularly valuable for attempting to establish the role of the target cell, such as thyroid epithelium, in the pathogenesis of disease. Cytokines act on cells via binding to high-affinity receptors. The last two years has been the cDNA cloning of many molecules encoding cytokine receptor chains, and it is now possible to begin to evaluate the other half of the cytokine pathway. Taken together, there are now exciting opportunities for the molecular dissection of the cytokine events occurring in auto-immune tissues. | |
| 2136808 | The adult cervical spine: implications for airway management. | 1990 Jan | Anaesthetists are responsible for the management of the airway in patients with unstable cervical spines. Unfortunately, the anaesthetic literature does not contain a recent, critical analysis of the current medical literature to aid anaesthetists attending such patients. This review is intended to serve such a purpose. Using the Index Medicus as a guide, 30 years of medical literature were reviewed, with emphasis on the last ten years. Key words employed for this review are cited in the manuscript. Relevant papers were selected from anaesthetic, orthopaedic, rheumatologic, emergency medicine and trauma journals and reviewed. Relevant findings included the high prevalence of cervical spinal instability in such disorders such as Trisomy 21 and rheumatoid arthritis and the relatively low incidence after trauma. There are deficiencies in the minimalist approaches to assessing the cervical spine, such as a simple cross table lateral radiograph after trauma, as they are neither sensitive nor specific. Finally, recognizing the potential for instability and intubating with care, while avoiding spinal movement, appears to be more important than any particular mode of intubation in preserving neurological function. | |
| 2788899 | Rheumatologic therapy for the 1990s. Evolution or revolution? | 1989 Aug | The 1980s was a decade of immunologic, biochemical, and pharmaceutical advances in the treatment of patients with rheumatic diseases. The therapeutic revolution will continue into the 1990s, and this article reviews several areas of change and controversy that have developed. | |
| 2880572 | [Aortic insufficiency in certain so-called systemic diseases]. | 1986 Aug | The authors present a retrospective study of all the patient followed up for systemic disease in the rheumatology Department of Bichat hospital between 1975 and 1984 in whom aortic regurgitation developed. Only rare or previously undescribed associations were retained: two MacDuffie syndromes, one adult form of Still's disease, one Takayashu's disease, one association of rheumatoid arthritis and Takayashu's disease, one rheumatoid arthritis, one Cogan's syndrome and two cases of disseminated lupus erythematosis. The authors use these cases and a review of the literature to discuss the possible physiopathological mechanisms of the aortic regurgitation. This study confirms the value of regular clinical cardiovascular examination with echocardiography in cases with progressive symptoms. The evolution of the vascular disease seems to be more or less parallel to that of the systemic disease and in a significant number of cases it becomes sufficiently severe to become the main clinical problem. In our series, there was one sudden death, one death due to cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and three patients required aortic valve replacement. | |
| 3626156 | Dynamics of plasma lipoproteins and lipids during double filtration plasmapheresis (DEP). | 1987 May | Plasma lipids and lipoproteins obtained from different places of the circuit of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFP) were measured and effect of DFP therapy on removal of them was examined. When 2A was used as a second filter, 69.8%, 52.4%, 63.0%, 58.0%, 60.8%, 59.2% and 63.9%, respectively of beta-lipoprotein, cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoproteins (HDL), phospholipids, free cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were removed from the patient's plasma. When 4A was used as a second filter, 69.0%, 56.8%, 53.2%, 45.4%, 56.0%, 50.9% and 51.7%, respectively of beta-lipoprotein, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, phospholipids, free cholesterol and Lp(a) were removed from the patient's plasma. In contrast, concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA) after DFP therapy using filter 4A and 2A increased to 222.8% and 256.4%, respectively. Thus, it was shown that except for FFA, DFP therapy using either 2A or 4A as a second filter is effective in reducing concentrations of plasma lipid and lipoproteins. | |
| 1940934 | Revision total knee arthroplasty using the total condylar III prosthesis. | 1991 Sep | Implant selection for the severely damaged knee being treated by revision is difficult. Fixed or rotating hinges have provided mixed results with a high frequency of complication. An alternative to a hinge implant is the total condylar III prosthesis, which can substitute for a deficient collateral ligament. Between August 1980 and April 1987 total condylar III prostheses were used for revision of failed total knee arthroplasties (TKA) of 21 knees in 19 patients. In the same time interval, 649 TKA revisions were performed for a frequency of 3.2% using this prosthesis. The indications for using this prosthesis were bone loss in 10 knees, instability in 9 knees, supracondylar femur fracture in 1 knee, and implant malposition in one knee. At a 4-year follow-up evaluation the knee scores were excellent in 25%, good in 25%, fair in 25%, and poor in 25%. Complications occurred in 33% of the knees. The total condylar III prosthesis provided results similar to other constrained implants used for revision in patients with severe bone loss and ligamentous instability. | |
| 2310444 | Arthroscopic synovectomy. | 1990 | This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of knee synovectomy with arthroscopic technique. Nineteen patients with 25 operated knees were studied. All 25 knees had 6-month follow-up, 21 knees had 2-year follow-up, and 14 knees were evaluated at least 4 years after operation. After operation, patients were evaluated using clinical data including pain relief, functional capacity, range of motion, recurrent synovitis, and presence of effusion. Preoperative as well as follow-up weight-bearing radiographs were also studied to assess the results of this procedure. At 6 months' postoperative clinical evaluation, 96% of patients showed good results. At 2 years, 90% of patients were considered to have good results, and at 4 years, 57% of patients continued to do well. Of those knees studied radiographically, 81% showed no progressive radiographic changes at 2 years and 61.5% showed no deterioration at 4 years. Clinical results correlated well with radiographic results. Arthroscopic synovectomy yielded results similar to those previously published for open synovectomy, with less operative and postoperative morbidity. | |
| 2241264 | Specificity of rheumatoid factors in relation to the disease state in rheumatoid arthritis | 1990 Oct | Rheumatoid factors found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis react with human IgG and with IgG from some other species. The levels of rheumatoid factor give some indication of prognosis, albeit a rather poor one in this highly variable disease. The high degree of variability may, in part, be due to differences in the fine specificity of the rheumatoid factor in each individual patient, leading to differences in the types of immune complex formed. To study this hypothesis the fine specificity of rheumatoid factors of the IgM, IgA, and IgG classes for IgG from human, baboon, orangutan, macaque, owl monkey, gorilla, marmoset, cow, pig, sheep, goat, horse, mouse, and chicken was examined. Differential reactivity for these species was found and associations between the presence of rheumatoid factor and the development of moderate or severe erosions. | |
| 1748760 | The Sauvé-Kapandji procedure: a salvage operation for the distal radioulnar joint. | 1991 Nov | The Sauvé-Kapandji procedure, a distal radioulnar arthrodesis with surgical creation of a pseudoarthrosis in the distal ulna, was used to treat 11 patients. Although all patients had had at least one previous operation on the involved wrist, they were still having pain and functional limitations. Ten patients were available for follow-up, which averaged 33 months. Of the nine patients with posttraumatic arthritis, six had excellent results (a painless wrist that averaged 82 degrees of pronation and 83 degrees of supination). Three patients had good results (mild pain during activities with an identical range of forearm rotation). One patient who had rheumatoid arthritis had an excellent result for 3 years but recently had a radiocarpal wrist fusion because of radiocarpal arthritis. We have found the Sauvé-Kapandji procedure to be a reliable treatment option for intractable disorders of the distal radioulnar joint and recommend it as a salvage procedure when previous treatment has failed. | |
| 3945755 | Acute osteomyelitis in children: combined Tc-99m and Ga-67 imaging. | 1986 Mar | This retrospective study was done to determine the value of combined bone (technetium-99m methylene-diphosphonate) and gallium-67 citrate imaging in selected children with complicated clinical situations. Thirty-one children were evaluated for suspected osteomyelitis by bone scan followed within 4 days by a gallium scan. These 31 children represented a subpopulation in whom the Tc-99m scan is known to be potentially unreliable in diagnosing acute osteomyelitis. Eight children had acute osteomyelitis by strict criteria, while 23 did not. The bone scan successfully identified five of the eight with osteomyelitis but was positive in ten of the other 23. The gallium scan correctly identified all eight with osteomyelitis but was positive in seven of the other 23. The gallium scan was significantly less specific when the suspected lesion was in the extremities compared with central locations; causes of false-positive gallium scans included fracture and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Combined gallium and bone scanning increased accuracy of the scintigraphic diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis. Both tests may, however, be abnormal in conditions other than osteomyelitis. These findings emphasize the importance of correlating all imaging studies in detection of osteomyelitis. |