Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1494740 | [Rheumatoid aortic insufficiencies: severity of the prognosis]. | 1992 Oct | Rheumatoid aortic incompetence is infrequent, with only 43 cases published in the literature. Seven additional patients (5 females and 2 males) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and aortic incompetence are reported herein. All seven patients had seropositive RA with severe joint disease and extraarticular manifestations (nodules, cutaneous vasculitis, multiple neuritis). Development of aortic incompetence was unrelated to age or duration of RA. The aortic disease was diagnosed upon the development of sudden heart failure (pulmonary edema) in three patients and during a routine evaluation in the other four. The course was extremely severe with a fatal outcome in five patients, of whom the youngest was only 24. Only one patient had valve replacement surgery; however, this patient died 8 days after the procedure. Mean survival in the seven patients was 20 months (range 7-56) from diagnosis and 11 months (range 1-28) from the first manifestation of heart failure. Histologic studies done in the only patient who had surgery demonstrated a rheumatoid granuloma in the pericardium and lymphocytic infiltrates in the pericardium and aortic valve. | |
| 8102304 | Sequential study of bacterial antibody levels and faecal flora in rheumatoid arthritis pat | 1993 Aug | Faecal and serum samples were collected from 31 patients with active RA during treatment with DMARD sulphasalazine (SASP). These were examined for changes in faecal flora and antibodies to bacterial antigens respectively. Faecal counts of Clostridium perfrigens but not Escherichia coli or total aerobic or anaerobic counts fell significantly after 2 weeks of treatment, this decrease being maintained throughout the treatment period. There was, however, no relationship between changes in the faecal carriage of this micro-organism and response to drug treatment, as assessed using clinical and biochemical indicators of disease activity. Changes in antibody levels to antigen preparations of this organism were also unrelated to response to drug treatment. These results suggest that the anti-rheumatic properties of SASP are independent of its antibacterial effect on bacteria in the bowel and also that neither faecal carriage of, nor antibody responses to this bacterium are involved in disease pathogenesis. Antibody levels to an antigen preparation of Cl. perfringens were found to be significantly lower in those patients who respond well to SASP than those patients who show poor response; this may prove useful as a clinical marker for predicting those patients likely to respond to SASP therapy. | |
| 9136287 | Differences in symptom reports between men and women with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1996 Dec | OBJECTIVE: To determine if differences exist between men and women in their reports and evaluations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) symptoms, and, if so, to identify explanations of those differences. METHOD: Data from a longitudinal panel study of persons with RA were used. Symptom reports were defined as individuals' evaluation of body states, e.g., evaluations of the severity of pain. Analyses were controlled for sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological characteristics. RESULTS: In unadjusted analyses, women were more likely to evaluate their symptoms as severe. Adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics changed these results very little. Controlling for depressive symptoms decreased the magnitude of associations somewhat. Analyses controlling for additional respondent-reported clinical characteristics (Health Assessment Questionnaire score, number of painful joints) yielded dramatically different results; in no case did women evaluate their symptoms significantly more severely than men. CONCLUSION: Our analyses suggest that women reported more severe symptoms, but that these differences may be due to more severe disease rather than a tendency by women to over-report symptoms or over-rate symptom severity. Future research should examine whether physicians respond to reports or prescribe treatments differently for men and women. | |
| 8474060 | Immunogenetics of familial rheumatoid arthritis: a study of 41 multicase families. | 1993 Feb | HLA haplotypes were studied in 41 unrelated families from North India with multiple cases of rheumatoid arthritis. Affected sibpairs shared parental HLA haplotypes more often than expected (chi 2 = 13.6) according to Mendelian segregation. Using the method of sibpair ratio, nonrandom segregation of parental haplotypes was observed among affected sibs. HLA-DR4 was observed in 70% of the probands while among DR4 negative probands, DR10 occurred more frequently. However no specific haplotypic association with the disease was observed in these families. | |
| 8508288 | Review of dietary therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. | 1993 Jun | There are now sufficient good scientific studies, from the UK and abroad, to suggest that, at least in some patients with RA, dietary therapy may influence at least the symptoms and possibly the progression of the disease. Since dietary treatment is safe and may reduce or avoid the need for drugs, it is appealing to patients, who are increasingly anxious about potential drug toxicity. It must, however, be medically supervised to avoid misinterpretation of results, to avoid patients taking diets to extremes, with resultant malnutrition, particularly in children, and to prevent patients from persisting with ineffective diets when they should be receiving drug treatment. Medical interest in dietary treatment also ensures that patients discuss their diets with orthodox practitioners rather than being driven by our scepticism into the hands of unqualified people who may exploit patients' interest in the subject. | |
| 8475821 | [Rheumatoid arthritis: various psychosomatic aspects]. | 1993 Jan | The rheumatoid arthritis has been considered as a model for the psychosomatic approach in Medicine. The authors present a research in this perspective, trying to evaluate some psychological variables using appropriated rating scales: the self concept, the coping mechanisms and some symptoms like anxiety and depression. A group of diabetics insulin-dependents was the control group. | |
| 8171102 | Arthritis and the process of disablement. | 1994 May | Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are two medical conditions that broadly alter the musculoskeletal system and influence a person's ability to perform the functional activities and tasks expected of an independent adult. A burgeoning literature depicts the process of disablement in arthritis and details the relationships among disease, impairments, and functional limitations. There is, however, a substantial gap in the physical therapy literature regarding the relationship among arthritis, musculoskeletal impairment, and physical function. Furthermore, the search for the most effective ways to remediate musculoskeletal impairment and improve function remains a challenge for clinicians and researchers alike. | |
| 8261663 | Prevention of joint destruction in antigen-induced arthritis. | 1994 Jan | In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) erosive joint changes are the dominating cause of chronic disability. In a cohort of patients with RA followed from early stages of the disease, we have observed a much larger prevalence of destructions in hips than in knee joints. The latter were frequently injected with triamcinolone hexacetonide in contrast to the former. In order to elucidate a possible role of local glucocorticoids we studied the antigen-induced arthritis model of Dumonde and Glynn in rabbits which, untreated, caused advanced joint destruction in 3/5 animals, whereas 0/14 animals receiving 3 injections of triamcinolone hexacetonide developed no such changes. The treatment was effective when started up to 2 weeks after induction of the arthritis. It is suggested that locally administered glucocorticoids may prevent or delay large joint destruction in RA. | |
| 7945477 | Radiologic evidence of disease modification in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with | 1994 Oct | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of 46 weeks of treatment with cyclosporine (5 mg/kg/day) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: A 48-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study of cyclosporine was conducted in 122 patients with active RA. Patients were evaluated by objective and subjective clinical and radiologic measurements at baseline and at the end of the study. RESULTS: Statistically significant improvement and clinically important changes were seen for the number of tender joints, number of swollen joints, pain score, duration of morning stiffness, and Lee's functional index in the cyclosporine-treated group at the end of the study. Radiographic examination showed that cyclosporine was capable of retarding joint destruction. In the cyclosporine-treated group, serum creatinine levels increased by 17.5 mumoles/liter (23%) at week 24 and by 21.8 mumoles/liter (26%) at week 48. There was no significant difference in mean serum creatinine levels in patients treated with cyclosporine alone and those treated with cyclosporine plus nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Five patients had to be treated with antihypertensive drugs, and 2 patients were withdrawn from the study because of increased serum creatinine. CONCLUSION: The study shows that cyclosporine seems to have disease-modifying effects in RA. | |
| 7571478 | [Levels of endogenous plasma cortisol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other diff | 1995 Jul | The authors tried to obtain information on levels of endogenous plasma cortisol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other diffuse connective tissue diseases, in particular systemic lupus erythematosus. Endogenous cortisol was assessed by radioimmunoanalysis at 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. If the sum of the morning and afternoon values reached the level of 280 nmol/l (sum of the lowest still normal values), they considered the daily cortisol secretion still normal. In a group of 30 patients who did not have glucocorticoid therapy the authors found only in one patient a lower daily endogenous cortisol secretion. In 117 patients with a relatively severe course of rheumatoid arthritis where small doses of corticoids (equivalents of 5-10 mg Prednisone) were administered for prolonged periods, a reduced daily secretion of endogenous plasma cortisol was recorded in almost 40%. Repeated examinations made in 13 subjects with rheumatoid arthritis revealed relatively frequent differences in values of endogenous plasma cortisol. In rare instances extremely low plasma levels of endogenous cortisol were found. Similar results as in rheumatoid arthritis, although assessed in a relatively small number of probands, were obtained by the authors also in patients with other diffuse connective tissue diseases, in particular those with systemic lupus erythematosus. Those patients had for prolonged periods roughly double doses of corticoids as compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis. During repeated examinations the endogenous plasma cortisol levels varied also. The authors are aware that from the assembled results it is so far not possible to draw any definite conclusions and that further investigations are needed which will test the impact of endogenously produced corticoid. | |
| 8154932 | Bone turnover in non-steroid treated rheumatoid arthritis. | 1994 Mar | OBJECTIVE: To examine whether changes in cancellous bone turnover and resorption cavity depth contribute to bone loss in patients with non-steroid treated rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: Iliac crest biopsies were obtained from 37 patients with non-steroid treated rheumatoid arthritis, 13 male and 24 female, aged 37-71 years. Bone turnover and resorption cavity characteristics were quantitatively assessed using semiautomated computerised techniques. RESULTS: When compared with age- and sex-matched control values, there was a significant reduction in bone formation rate at tissue level and activation frequency (P < 0.001) in the patient group. The eroded perimeter, mean and maximum eroded depth and cavity area were also significantly reduced (P < 0.01, < 0.005, < 0.01 and < 0.005 respectively). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate low bone turnover in non-steroid treated rheumatoid arthritis and indicate that the reduced bone mass in these patients is due mainly to a negative remodelling balance. | |
| 7794989 | Physician visits by rheumatoid arthritis patients: a prospective analysis. | 1995 Jun | OBJECTIVE: To examine prospectively, using the behavioral model of health service utilization, patient-initiated physician visits, physician-requested visits, and visits for disease flares by 270 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Four waves of telephone interviews were conducted over 2 years. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to assess the relative contributions to variance explained by blocks of variables indicating need for care and predisposing and enabling factors. RESULTS: Predisposing and enabling factors accounted for 50-67% of the explained variance in the 3 types of visits, while need accounted only for 33-50%. CONCLUSIONS: Studies seeking to identify factors other than need for care that facilitate or inhibit physician visits among RA patients are essential to analyzing the costs of care. | |
| 8014557 | The modified Liverpool total elbow prosthesis. | 1994 Apr | We present the results of the modified Liverpool total elbow joint replacement. The humeral component of the original prosthesis was modified because of a high incidence of loosening. 19 patients who had total elbow joint replacement for rheumatoid arthritis were reviewed 8 years after surgery. 14 patients had the modified prosthesis implanted. There was dramatic relief of pain and improvement in function following surgery. There was a reduced fixed flexion deformity and an increased range of movement with the modified prosthesis. None of the humeral components of the modified prosthesis have as yet required revision. In selected patients therefore, this operation is a predictably successful procedure. Our follow-up confirms the ability of the modified prosthesis to provide a pain-free, stable and mobile joint. | |
| 7937027 | [Epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1994 | Although arthritis is a common disease in adults, only one in five new cases of arthritides is classifiable as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The annual incidence of adult RA is about 0.05 per cent, and is ten times higher among women over fifty than among men under 50. The prevalence increases with age up to 70 years, after which it declines due to premature mortality. The high or low prevalences characteristic of certain populations may be explained by ethnic differences in genetic susceptibility. | |
| 8596145 | Absence of an association of rheumatoid arthritis and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperost | 1995 Nov | OBJECTIVE: To compare the frequency of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), based on an evaluation of chest radiographs, in 2 populations of patients: those with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Cases of RA were obtained from the Wichita Arthritis Center databank and controls from a private cardiology practice. Patients with RA and controls had to be older than 50 years and have a chest radiograph available. All radiographs were read, in haphazard order, by a single reader who classified them as definitely DISH, probably DISH (these 2 categories were considered as having DISH), uncertain, probably not DISH, and definitely not DISH (these 3 groups defined the absence of DISH). Logistic regression was used to investigate the probability of DISH while controlling for age and sex. Analyses were conducted to take into account the sensitivity and specificity of chest radiographs for the diagnosis of DISH. RESULTS: Among 748 radiographs (357 RA and 391 controls), 29 were diagnosed as DISH (21 controls and 8 RA). The mean age for the RA group was 66.2 yrs (SD = 11.9 and 108 (30.2%) were men. Control subjects had a mean age of 69.6 yrs (SD = 11.4 and 139 (35.4%) were men. The DISH patients, compared with those without DISH, were more likely to be male (p = 0.004) and older (p < 0.001). After accounting for age and sex, the relative risk of DISH in RA versus the controls was 0.40 (95% confidence interval: 0.20 to 1.01). After taking into account the sensitivity and specificity in this population, the adjusted prevalence of DISH for the RA group was 1% (95% confidence interval: 0.1 to 3.7) and 3.1% (95% confidence interval: 0.2 to 7.9) for the control group. CONCLUSION: We confirmed the increase in frequency of DISH with increasing age and male sex, but failed to support an increased association of DISH with RA. | |
| 7981991 | Effect of sulphasalazine on gastrointestinal microflora and on mucosal heat shock protein | 1994 Nov | This study was performed in order to elucidate a possible association between mucosal heat shock protein expression, the gastrointestinal microflora and disease activity in 17 patients with RA before and after 16 weeks of sulphasalazine (SASP) treatment. The duodenal-jejunal mucosal binding of the monoclonal antibody ML30, recognizing the 65 kDa heat shock protein of mycobacteria, was increased (P = 0.048) in the untreated RA patients compared to controls, but did not correlate to disease, activity or microflora and was not altered by SASP therapy. There was no convincing evidence for bacterial overgrowth in the jejunum and the faecal microflora was normal. SASP treatment altered the faecal microflora, with significant reductions of the total aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Bacteroides, and increased numbers of Bacillus. SASP had only minor effects on the jejunal microflora. A high carriage frequency of Candida albicans was found in saliva and the counts correlated negatively with the unstimulated whole salivary secretion rate. These results suggest that the gut may be involved in the aetiopathogenesis of RA but do not substantiate the hypothesis that the anti-rheumatic effects of SASP are mediated via its anti-microbial properties. However, the possibility that a micro-organism, not detected in this study, may be of crucial importance in RA, cannot be ruled out. | |
| 8265726 | Radiologically observed progression of joint destruction and its relationship with demogra | 1994 Jan | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to investigate the 4-year progression of radiologically observed joint destruction and its relationship with demographic factors, disease severity, and exercise frequency in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. SUBJECTS: The subjects were 69 patients (56 women, 13 men; mean age = 54 years; mean duration of symptoms = 14 years) with American Rheumatism Association functional class II rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: The patients were assessed with a modified Larsen's radiological index (maximum score = 220), laboratory tests, Ritchie's articular index, and questionnaires regarding their self-selected low-intensive-intensive dynamic exercise frequency. RESULTS: The Larsen's radiological index was initially 67 (SD = 42.4) and progressed to 82 (SD = 42.3) during the 4-year study period. Four-year radiological progression correlated with mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate (30 mm/h, SD = 12.6), but not with self-selected exercise frequency (< or = once a week or > or = twice a week) or with any other variables investigated. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: The radiologically observed progression of joint destruction seemed rather slow in this group of nonhospitalized, functionally independent patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and it was only related with mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Self-selected exercise frequency did not seem to be related with radiologically observed progression of joint destruction. | |
| 8740175 | Immunoglobulin G galactosylation deficiency determined by isoelectric focusing and lectin | 1996 Mar | IgG galactosylation deficiency in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can be detected by isoelectric focusing (IEF)/lectin affinoblotting. We analyzed IgG glycosylation in patients with early arthritis (n = 50) and healthy controls in order to determine the clinical value of this parameter in differential diagnosis of RA. A significant correlation between the IgG galactosylation defect at disease onset and the diagnosis of RA during the follow-up was observed. Involvement of other clinical parameters (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor) did not improve the predictive value of IgG galactosylation changes. | |
| 8225699 | Biochemical analysis of rheumatoid synovial fluid after serial intra-articular injection o | 1993 | A high-molecular-weight sodium hyaluronate (commercial name Artz) was serially injected biweekly for 12 weeks into 9 knee joints from 8 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and certain clinical and biochemical parameters were monitored. Three of these parameters, namely specific viscosity, concentration of HA, and stringency, were significantly increased by the intra-articular injection of Artz. Clinically, the majority of the knees (7 out of 9 injected) showed a relief from pain and no joint fluid could be drawn from 4 of the knees after 12 weeks following the initial injection. Both the fluid volume collected and the molecular weight of hyaluronate in the synovial fluid showed some improvement, but it was not statistically significant. No improvement of systemic inflammatory parameters such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C reactive protein were observed. Injectable Artz sodium hyaluronate was effective for the treatment of local inflammation in RA. | |
| 8571263 | [The detection of secondary amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis by aspiration biopsy of th | 1995 | 81 rheumatoid arthritis patients were regularly and periodically examined in rheumatological department of Tartu University Clinic. Depending on the presence of amyloid in subcutaneous fat biopsies the patients were divided into two comparable groups: amyloid-positive (group 1 of 22 patients) and amyloid-negative (group 2 of 59 patients). Between the groups some differences were found: group 1 patients had more active and severe course of rheumatoid arthritis and higher level of rheumatoid factor and circulating immune complexes in the sera. Before biopsy secondary amyloidosis was diagnosed in 17.4% of the examines, biopsy of abdominal subcutaneous fat increased this rate to 27.2%. We could not ascertain any effect of previous treatment on secondary amyloidosis development except the connection with long-term use of corticosteroids. The analysis of 10379 autopsies showed that cases of RA with amyloidosis account for 30.9% of all amyloidosis cases. Multiple stepwise regression analysis determined predisposition factors to secondary amyloidosis as severity of locomotor system involvement, long-term use of corticosteroids, high level of rheumatoid factor and activity of rheumatoid process. |