Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8414457 | [New aspects of the pathogenesis of progressive chronic polyarthritis (rheumatoid arthriti | 1993 Sep 26 | The author summarizes the newest results and knowledges which are related to the pathogenesis of polyarthritis chronica progressiva. Pursuing the composed target the feasible roles of gamma delta TcR T lymphocytes and stress proteins as well as that of CD5 positive B lymphocytes and IgG-glycosylation status are discussed. Reaching the end of the paper it is established that the solution of etiology and pathogenesis of polyarthritis chronica progressiva, in spite of the increasing theoretical knowledge, awaits for further extensive research work. | |
| 8071579 | [Amyloid deposition in chronic joint disease]. | 1994 Jul | As a screening procedure for the detection of amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis, abdominal subcutaneous fat tissues were aspirated, and were examined after Congo red staining by polarized microscopy. Positive amyloid deposits were found in 7.1 percent of the rheumatoid patients, and the amyloid in the subcutaneous fat was determined to be AA type by permanganate oxidation. The occurrence of amyloid deposition was significantly correlated with the duration of the articular symptoms, the progression of the class, and also with proteinuria. Additionally the joint capsules, including the synovium and synovial fluid sediment, from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis were examined for amyloid deposition. Deposits of amyloid in the hip and knee joints were found more frequently in those with rheumatoid arthritis than in those with osteoarthritis. In osteoarthritis, the frequency of amyloid deposition tended to increase with advancing age. However these amyloid deposits in the joint structure were discovered to be resistant to permanganate oxidation. Therefore it was suspected that these amyloid deposits were of a type different from AA amyloid. | |
| 8583065 | Kinematics of the distal radioulnar joint in rheumatoid arthritis: an in vivo study using | 1995 Nov | The kinematics of the distal radioulnar joint were examined using the method of centrode analysis in vivo. A group of normal subjects was studied along with a group of rheumatoid arthritis patients who had distal radioulnar joint involvement. Serial computed tomographic scans were obtained through the distal radioulnar joint of nine subjects (10 wrists) in varying degrees of pronation and supination. For normal subjects, the movement that occurs in a stable distal radioulnar joint is not erratic and the center of rotation lies within a well-defined area. When subjects with rheumatoid arthritis were analyzed, it was determined that early in the disease process bone erosions may occur in the sigmoid notch of the distal radius. When the joint contour in this region is maintained, the kinematics are not markedly altered. Erosion involving the dorsal border of the sigmoid notch of the radius is associated with subluxation of the distal radioulnar joint. The ulna becomes dorsally positioned relative to the radius, and significant alteration in the kinematics of the distal radioulnar joint occurs. | |
| 8856549 | Flexor tenosynovectomy and tenolysis in longstanding rheumatoid arthritis. | 1996 Aug | A total of 43 patients (49 hands; 424 flexor tendons), who had rheumatoid arthritis of more than 15 years duration at the time of surgery, were clinically assessed at a mean follow-up of 5.7 years (range, 1.2-12 years). Pain and inability to flex actively despite a good passive range of motion were the main surgical indications. The results suggest that the patients had excellent sustained pain relief (mean score = 0.9) and were highly satisfied with the outcome of the procedure (mean score = 2.2). 81% had adequate pulp-to-pulp and key pinch. Range of finger motion (total active motion, TAM) was excellent to good in 45% and fair in 22%. Thirty-three per cent were graded as poor and these were found to be multifactorial in origin, with associated significant joint disease, preoperative tendon ruptures, extensive digital surgery, readhesions and combinations of operative procedures which adversely affect the rehabilitation programme. Flexor tenosynovectomy with tenolysis is a useful procedure with a low rate of recurrence. | |
| 8882027 | Effects of triazolam on sleep, daytime sleepiness, and morning stiffness in patients with | 1996 Feb | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of triazolam upon insomnia and daytime sleepiness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Triazolam or placebo was administered during two 7 night periods to 15 patients with RA in a double blind crossover study. Polysomnographic recordings were conducted on the last 2 nights of each condition, and multiple sleep latency tests and mood and arthritis assessments were performed during the intervening day in each condition. RESULTS: In the triazolam condition, total sleep time was increased, daytime sleepiness was reduced, and morning stiffness was improved compared to placebo. Objective measures of sleep fragmentation were unchanged. Clinical arthritis assessments were similar during both conditions. CONCLUSION: Short term hypnotic therapy improves sleep in patients with RA and appears to improve morning stiffness and daytime sleepiness. | |
| 7793156 | [Experimental therapy of rheumatoid arthritis with cytokine antagonists]. | 1995 Mar | Although the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis is still unknown, our knowledge of pathophysiologic mechanisms in this disease has markedly increased. Especially the immunological characterization of cells involved in the inflammatory process and their secretory products (cytokines) allowed new experimental therapeutic approaches. Apparently, the cytokines TNF alpha, IL-1, and IL-6, predominantly produced by accessory cells, play an important role in the actual articular and extraarticular inflammation. Therefore, several pilot studies employed various methods to inhibit the effects of these proinflammatory cytokines. This paper provides an overview about initial results of these studies and an outlook with regard to future developments. | |
| 8730112 | Low serum creatine kinase activity is associated with muscle weakness in patients with rhe | 1996 Apr | OBJECTIVE: In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) serum creatine kinase (CK) is reduced in association with inflammatory response variables. Our objective was to examine whether low CK is associated with muscle weakness and to what extent the hypothesized relationship between CK and muscle weakness can be explained by anthropometric and sociodemographic variables and/or disease variables. METHODS: Cross sectional and longitudinal retrospective analyses of clinical, radiological, and biochemical data of a prospective cohort of consecutive patients with RA. Isometric muscle strength was measured with a validated muscle strength index (MSI); CK was measured with an enzymatic assay (N-acetyl-cysteine, 37 degrees C). RESULTS: 65 patients were enrolled in the study and we obtained complete one year followup data from 47. In cross sectional analysis, CK was a significant, moderate correlate of the MSI (r = 0.43, p < 0.01). CK remained a significant explanatory variable of the MSI in multivariate models that controlled for demographic variables and lean body mass, corticosteroid use, and biochemical, clinical, and radiological disease variables. In longitudinal dichotomous analyses, worsening in CK was weakly but significantly associated with decreased muscle strength, whereas in linear analyses the association did not reach significance. CONCLUSION: In patients with RA, low CK activity is associated with muscle weakness. Demographic, anthropometric, and disease variables related to muscle mass or muscle atrophy explain only part of this association. Our findings support the hypothesis that muscle weakness may be partly caused by a disease related reduction of CK activity independent of muscle atrophy. | |
| 7575712 | Light and electron microscopic analysis of sequential liver biopsy samples from rheumatoid | 1995 Sep | OBJECTIVE: To describe liver histopathologic features and ultrastructural changes in a prospectively studied cohort of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients receiving long-term methotrexate (MTX) therapy, and to seek correlations between these changes and simultaneously measured laboratory indices of liver function. METHODS: This was a long-term, prospective, open observational study. Twenty-seven outpatients with RA who began therapy with MTX and continued treatment for extended periods underwent baseline and followup liver biopsies. One hundred seventy liver biopsy specimens were analyzed by light microscopy (LM) and assessed according to a modified Roenigk score and a newly devised numerical grading system. Ninety-three biopsy specimens were also analyzed by electron microscopy (EM). Blood samples were obtained at 4-6-week intervals for determination of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and albumin levels, and the weekly dosage of MTX was adjusted if there were abnormalities in the AST or albumin level. A mean of 6.3 liver biopsies per patient were obtained over a mean followup period of 8.2 years (range 2-13 years). RESULTS: The modified Roenigk score was significantly different from baseline at year 3, when it increased from a mean of 1.8 to 2.3 (P = 0.05) and at year 6, when it increased to 2.4 (P = 0.04), but this was not considered clinically meaningful. No other significant changes from baseline were observed by either LM grading system. No significant progression was observed by EM over the course of the investigation. Increases in serial measurements of AST correlated with both the modified Roenigk score (r = 0.21, P = 0.016) and the numerical rating score (r = 0.19, P = 0.027). CONCLUSION: Patients with RA who are receiving weekly single-dose oral MTX therapy exhibit little deterioration in hepatic architecture by LM or EM when the dosage of the drug is adjusted for abnormalities in AST and serum albumin, monitored at frequent intervals. | |
| 8619096 | Role of adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1995 Aug | The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis centers on as yet unknown initiating events in the synovium that result in synovial vessel proliferation, and upregulation of endothelial cell ligands for leukocyte adhesion molecules. Ligation of adhesion molecules on synovial microenvironment cells and immune cells probably regulates synovial and immune cell inflammatory cytokine production. Interruption of adhesion molecule function and interruption of inflammatory cytokine production are promising new sites of therapeutic inhibition of synovial inflammation. | |
| 7683454 | Giant cells in arthritic synovium. | 1993 Mar | OBJECTIVES: Giant cells are commonly present in inflamed synovium, often in close association with the intimal layer. The nature of these multinucleate cells has been reassessed using new cytochemical and immunochemical techniques. METHODS: Cryostat sections of non-inflamed, rheumatoid arthritic and osteoarthritic synovia were analysed for the presence of CD68 and non-specific esterase, markers associated with macrophages; activity of uridine diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase, associated with fibroblast-like synoviocytes; and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase and the vitronectin receptor subunit CD51, associated with osteoclasts. RESULTS: Giant cells were not seen in non-inflamed tissue. In diseased tissue giant cells in the intimal layer fell into two major groups: CD68 negative or dull cells with high uridine diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase (UDPGD) activity suggestive of true synoviocyte polykaryons; and CD68 positive cells with low UDPGD activity suggestive of macrophage polykaryons. The two groups were seen in samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and patients with osteoarthritis (OA), but the former were more prominent in OA and the latter in RA. Most CD68 positive giant cells also showed tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity and prominent expression of CD51. As such they were histochemically indistinguishable from osteoclasts, but their bone resorbing capacity remains unknown. CONCLUSIONS: Giant cells in arthritic synovium appear to be of two types, one related to true synoviocytes and one to macrophages. | |
| 8849380 | Rheumatoid arthritis in a United States Public Health Service Hospital in Oklahoma: serolo | 1996 Feb | OBJECTIVE: To study the serologic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at a United States Public Health Service Hospital that serves numerous tribes in Oklahoma. METHODS: Forty-five patients with RA were identified, and serologic studies for antinuclear antibody (ANA), rheumatoid factor, and antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens were performed. Extraarticular manifestations of RA were also evaluated. RESULTS: Twelve of the 45 patients with RA were Kiowa. These patients were significantly more likely to have a positive ANA (75%) than the other patients with RA (28%). In addition, anti-Ro was significantly more common among Kiowa (33%) than among members of other tribes (3%). There was no difference in the extraarticular manifestations of the Kiowa compared with the other Native American tribes. CONCLUSION: RA can be distinctly characterized by serology among groups of American Indians living in the same geographic area. | |
| 7866554 | Heterogeneity of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1994 Nov 4 | alpha 1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP) or orosomucoid is a major serum glycoprotein, of unknown physiological function, which is classified as one of the positive acute phase reactants since its plasma concentration becomes elevated two- to five-fold in certain disease states. Additionally, the proportions and identities of the five asparaginyl-linked complex oligosaccharide chains are altered during several physiological and pathological conditions, which may be functionally significant. The key to studying the structural heterogeneity of AGP is to develop a procedure that will isolate AGP without structural degradation. We have developed a method for the purification of AGP, using procedures unlikely to damage the glycoprotein structure, which was utilised to isolate AGP from samples of normal and rheumatoid plasma. The effectiveness of the purification procedure was examined by enzymatically deglycosylating each sample of AGP and separating the released oligosaccharides by chromatography on a pellicular high-performance anion-exchange (HPAE) resin at pH 13. The analytical profile for normal AGP was consistent with that previously reported thus indicating that the purification procedure did not denature the oligosaccharide chains of AGP. Additionally, there was a noticeable difference between the profiles for AGP from normal and rheumatoid plasma. | |
| 8478875 | Pooled outcome measures in arthritis: the pros and cons. | 1993 Mar | This article considers the implications of reporting multiple measures of efficacy in studies of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A possible solution to the problems that result is the use of a pooled index which combines the individual outcome measures. The potential advantages and disadvantages of pooled indexes are discussed in the context of clinical trials in RA. | |
| 8165872 | [Pain description and illness behavior in pain diaries of fibromyalgia and polyarthritis p | 1994 Jan | Intensity, sensory-discriminative and affective-motivational quality of pain were assessed over a period of 14 days by means of the Bonn Pain Diary in 16 fibromyalgia (FM) patients and 18 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Additionally, patients reported pain and sleep duration, daily iratations, and pain-reducing interventions. FM patients differed from RA-patients by higher scores in the sensoric-discriminative component of pain. The patterns of preferred pain descriptors were syndrome-specific. However, the two groups did not differ in the overall daily pain duration; whereas in RA-patients the pain attacks occurred mostly until 10 a.m. In FM-patients, the time-course of pain over 14 days showed higher variability compared to RA-patients. RA patients sleep longer than FM-patients. Furthermore, the groups differ statistically significantly with respect to interactions of scaled pain with the preferred interventions in order to reduce pain. Conclusions concerning pain-referring cognitions are drawn. In general, the evaluation of self-reports about pain by behavioral parameters is recommended. | |
| 8992003 | How to apply Larsen score in evaluating radiographs of rheumatoid arthritis in long-term s | 1995 Oct | Radiographs of rheumatoid arthritis in longterm multicenter trials vary in quality and precision, making the uniform evaluation of soft tissue swelling, osteoporosis and the size of erosions difficult. A modification of Larsen Score is presented in which only major differences in osseous and joint space changes are determined. | |
| 8162006 | [Infectious origin of rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1993 May | Three preliminary concepts are developed: antigen presentation, "peptidic self" and superantigen. Several infectious contenders for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are then reviewed: Epstein-Barr virus, mycobacteria, parvovirus, proteus and streptococcus. Finally, the most important hypotheses are discussed: microbe present and still accessible, microbe present but hidden, microbe absent but perpetuated by the immune system. In the latest case, molecular mimicry could possibly be the mechanism operating in RA. | |
| 1334515 | Zileuton, a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1992 Oct | The effects of zileuton, a new 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, on leukotriene generation and clinical response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was studied in a 4-week randomized double blind placebo controlled study at 2 academic rheumatology centers. Zileuton decreased the mean (+/- SEM) ionophore induced synthesis of leukotriene B4 at Week 1 by 70% from 191.2 +/- 28.5 to 57.5 +/- 17.0 ng/ml. A parallel suppression of all major 5-lipoxygenase pathway products was observed. An improvement in clinical variables was observed in the zileuton and placebo treated population. No unique toxicity was identified in this study. Zileuton inhibited 5-lipoxygenase in RA with a suggestion of clinical response with limited toxicity. | |
| 1602292 | Elevated serum transcobalamin levels in anaemia of rheumatoid arthritis: correlation with | 1992 May | Transcobalamin (TCII) and haptocorrins (TCI and III), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL6) and parameters of disease activity were assessed in 20 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients without anaemia and 19 subjects with anaemia of chronic disease (ACD) in order to determine if there was a possible correlation between these parameters. TCII, TNF and IL6 correlated positively with RA disease activity parameters, whereas their serum levels were higher in the ACD patients. TC levels were not correlated with cytokine levels. Vitamin B12 serum levels were lower in ACD. We conclude that in RA, elevated serum TCII levels are possibly mediated by increased RA disease activity, but probably not by actions of TNF or IL6. Increased TCII levels found in ACD may be explained by the higher degree of RA activity in these patients, and could also be viewed as a compensatory reaction to anaemia or reduced vitamin B12 levels. However, these preliminary findings require further confirmation. | |
| 1597863 | Clinical analysis by 1H spin-echo NMR. 2. Oxidation of intracellular glutathione as a cons | 1992 May 29 | Spin echo NMR analysis is used to monitor the effect of penicillamine on intact erythrocytes obtained from patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis during a 12-week period of therapy. The results are compared to the previously reported in vitro effects of the compound (McKay, C. N. N.; et al. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1986, 888, 30-35). At clinical assessment at week 12, the 20 patients were divided into responder and nonresponder groups. The intracellular glutathione in the responder group is more oxidized (P less than 0.01) than in the nonresponder group. A retrospective analysis of the two patient groups at the initial assessment following the commencement of therapy indicated that in the nonresponder group intracellular glutathione was significantly more reduced (P less than 0.02) than in the responder group. It is postulated that penicillamine stimulates cellular defense against the oxidation of the cell membrane at the expense of cytosolic glutathione. This initial study suggests that spin-echo NMR analysis of erythrocyte glutathione can act as an early indicator of a clinical response to penicillamine therapy. | |
| 8447693 | Microheterogeneity of alpha 1 acid glycoprotein in rheumatoid arthritis: dependent on dise | 1993 Feb | The microheterogeneity of alpha 1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) was studied using affinity immunoelectrophoresis with concanavalin A (Con A) in serum samples of 43 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) without clinical features of intercurrent infection. The results were expressed as reactivity coefficients. Disease activity was measured by clinical (Lansbury's joint index, Mallya-Mace activity score) and laboratory (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor, C reactive protein, and AGP) indices. In contrast with previous reports, suggesting a decrease in AGP-Con A reactivity in patients with RA, high values of AGP reactivity coefficients were found in patients with disease of short duration, which were similar to those found in patients with acute bacterial infections. Conversely, normal or decreased values of AGP reactivity coefficients were found in patients with disease of longer duration. Regression analysis showed a significant relation between AGP reactivity coefficients and disease duration (multiplicative model). No other indices examined were significantly related to disease duration. These results, taken together with previous findings suggesting that cytokines control the glycosylation of acute phase proteins, indicate that differences in the microheterogeneity of AGP in early and longstanding RA reflect differences in cytokine action at different stages of the disease. |