Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7080689 | [Calcium-phosphate metabolism in chronic polyarthritis]. | 1982 Jan | 20 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis were studied to evaluate both, radiological and scintigraphic osseous changes, as well as possible disturbances in calcium phosphate metabolism. Joint and osseous alterations were assessed in all of them. Serum levels of magnesium, calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphate were within the normal range, and also concurrent measurements of serum 25-OH-D3 concentrations and plasma levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). However, in our patients with normal renal function, the plasma concentration of calcitonin (CT) was significantly elevated compared to normals (p less than 0.01). Our data indicate that in patients studied PTH and 25-OH-D3 does not contribute to the development and progression of osseous changes due to rheumatoid arthritis. Possibly the stimulatory effect of various osteolytic factors may cause as counterbalance elevations in plasma CT levels. | |
| 7069776 | Circulating immune complexes in unselected patients admitted to the medical service of a g | 1982 Jan | The platelet aggregation test was used to detect circulating immune complexes (CIC) in 567 patients admitted to a general hospital. One hundred and fourteen or 20.1% had positive tests compared to seven or 5.4% of 129 normal controls. When the hospitalized population was analyzed by disease group, significantly elevated CIC levels were found in 27 disease categories, including several common conditions not generally considered to be immunologically mediated, such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, pneumonia, pulmonary emboli, diabetes mellitus, infarction of the bowel, and carcinoma of the lung. These results indicated that an important problem in the interpretation of CIC levels in a particular condition may be the presence of complexes caused by common diseases coexisting with the condition being studied. | |
| 6523394 | [Artificial synovial fluid for the intra-articular treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and o | 1984 | Based on the clinical, experimental and biomechanical studies the authors suggest intraarticular treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and deforming osteoarthrosis (DOA) by means of artificial synovial fluid (ASF) developed with the use of polymers and biopolymers. Rheological studies performed with the use of a Rheotest-2 apparatus and ultrasonic interferometry of the samples of normal, RA, DOA synovial fluid and ASF demonstrated that medium-molecular-weight polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and PVP hyaluronate appeared the most similar to natural synovial fluid, PVP-hyaluronate, PVP and its complexes with other drugs (cyclophosphamide, hydrocortisone, arteparone) were applied intraarticularly to the treatment of 520 patients with RA and DOA. The group of patients who received kenalog or placebo intraarticularly served as control. Over 3000 intraarticular administrations of ASF and its complexes were made altogether. No side effects were observed. In the articular medium, PVP displayed lubrication, anti-inflammatory, prolonging, anticommissural and other effects. Attention is drawn to the immunoregulatory action of PVP. The treatment with artificial articular lubricants promoted the improvement of the function of the joints and positive time-course of some clinical, laboratory, biochemical and immunological characteristics. | |
| 7340450 | The influence of synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis on the proliferati | 1981 Dec | The present study was designed to characterize leukocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with regard to proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and prostanoid release from circulating monocytes (M phi. Compared to cells of healthy individuals, PBL from RA patients exhibited a reduced mitogenic response to concanavalin A (Con A) which was associated with an increased capacity of circulating M phi to synthesize PGE and thromboxane B2 (TXB2). Addition of synovial fluid exudates of RA patients (RA-SFE) to peripheral blood leucocyte cultures produced three effects: A spontaneous proliferation of normal and RA-PBL, a reduction of the Con A response of normal and RA-PBL, a reduction of the Con A response of normal and RA-PBL, and an enhanced release of PGE and TXB2 from RA-M phi only. To elucidate the cellular origin of these activities, normal and RA-PBL were incubated with supernatants (SNT) os synovial cell cultures from RA patients and patients with non-RA joint diseases. SNT from Con A-stimulated synovial lymphocytes of both RA and control patients induced a spontaneous proliferation of normal and RA-PBL. In contrast, SNT from non-lymphoid adherent synovial cells of RA and control patients reduced the Con A response of normal and RA-PBL but a striking difference was noted in that an enhanced PGE and TXB2 release occurred only from M phi of RA patients. | |
| 6400520 | Diclofenac and piroxicam in a double-blind trial results and methodological problems. Work | 1984 | Diclofenac (150 mg/d) and piroxicam (20 mg/d) were compared in a cross-over trial with 12-day periods of double-blind treatment and 3-day wash-out periods. The following open phase of the trial lasted for two months and served to assess the tolerance. For this the dosage of diclofenac was reduced to 100 mg/d. 134 volunteers from 5 departments of rheumatology participated in the study. Statistical analysis showed that the two groups were of homogenous composition and that--with certain limitations--the necessary assumptions for the evaluation as a cross-over experiment were fulfilled. All tests used to determine the efficacy showed approximately parallel improvement with both formulations and in the wash-out phase this was followed by marked deterioration. The sum of the parameters for individual improvement showed a tendency in favour of piroxicam. However, clear superiority of one trial formulation over the other with respect to efficacy or tolerance could not be demonstrated by the statistical analysis. | |
| 329397 | [Study of T and B lymphocytes in blood and synovial fluid during rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1977 May | The quantitative study of lymphocyte populations is one means of approaching the immunological profile of patients with rheumatoid polyarthritis. In the present work we have studied the proportions of T and B lymphocytes in the blood and synovial fluid of 70 patients presenting classical or clearly defined rheumatoid polyarthritis. The number of T cells (E rosettes and anti HTLA serum) and B cells (membrane immunofluorescence and EAC rosettes) were found to be identical in both patients with rheumatoid polyarthritis and healthy subjects of the same age. On the other hand the number of "fast" rosettes, indicating a sub-population of T effector cells, and of EA rosettes formed at the expemnse of cells with a receptor for IgG Fc, are reduced in the blood and increased in the rheumatoid synovial fluid. In the course of rheumatoid polyarthritis there is therefore a displacement of certain lymphocytic sub-populations from the blood towards the synovial site where they are probably involved in lesional mechanisms. | |
| 6442062 | [The pharmacology of gold compounds]. | 1984 | Parenterally administered gold compounds have been used for decades for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The new gold compound triethylphosphine gold (auranofin) can be partially absorbed in the gut following oral administration due to its higher lipophilic nature. This is probably also the main cause for the differences in kinetic properties versus the parenteral gold compounds. Following administration of auranofin, there are lower concentrations of gold in blood and organs; 95% of the gold is excreted in feces whereas 70% of gold, following gold sodium thiomalate, is excreted in the urine. These differences have consequences for the mode of adverse reactions. A common property of all gold compounds, however, is the relative distribution in organs. The highest concentrations of gold were found in the reticuloendothelial system, in liver, kidney and spleen, followed by joints. The mode of action of gold compounds is still unexplained. They inhibit some types of experimental inflammation and the activity of various cells involved in inflammatory processes. In some cases auranofin exerts a higher influence. Following incorporation of gold in lysosomes, the impairment of macrophage function appears to be most important. This effect probably influences (indirectly) the immune system since macrophages interact with T- and B-lymphocytes. The significance of these findings for the therapeutic effect of gold compounds is, however, not known. The rate of undesirable effects of gold compounds is very high requiring exact supervision during chrysotherapy. Mucosal and cutaneous reactions are very frequent, followed by proteinuria, diarrhea and thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow aplasia is most serious but relatively rare.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 6681133 | The hydrolysis of cortisol 21-esters by a homogenate of inflamed rabbit synovium and by rh | 1983 Apr | Long chain esters of cortisol have shown prolonged anti-inflammatory activity in both clinical and animal studies. This effect has been ascribed to the decreased water-solubility of the higher esters, but an alternative explanation is that the higher esters are hydrolysed more slowly to free steroid by the synovial tissue enzymes. In order to investigate the influence of chain length on hydrolysis rate we synthesized a series of cortisol 21-esters. When incubated in a 0.1% (w/v) homogenate of inflamed rabbit synovial tissue the esters with chain lengths of 4, 6, 8 and 10 carbon atoms were hydrolysed much faster than those with 2, 12, 14 and 16 carbon atoms. At tissue concentrations of 10% (w/v), however, the breakdown of cortisol acetate was greatly accelerated, whereas cortisol palmitate remained quite stable. Although cortisol esters were hydrolysed in 50% (v/v) rheumatoid synovial fluid, the rates of hydrolysis were relatively slow. The chain length dependence was similar to that seen with the tissue homogenate. | |
| 7025841 | Regulation of immune reactivity to collagen in human beings. | 1981 Aug | Denaturated beef collagen was tested for its ability to induce the production of leukocyte inhibition factor among the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and normal individuals. Responsiveness, defined as the production of leukocyte inhibition factor sufficient to cause greater than 20% inhibition of leukocyte migration, was significantly (P less than 0.001, X2 = 31.1) associated with HLA-DR4. All HLA-DR4 positive individuals, including subjects without any evidence of synovitis, were collagen responders. There was no significant (P = 0.3) difference in the absolute reactivity of HLA-DR4+ versus HLA-DR4- individuals to respond to another antigen, Candida albicans. Collagen reactivity required interactions between macrophages and T cells and was directed against determinants inherent in the linear polypeptide, (Gly-Pro)n. In 5 normal HLA-DR4- nonresponders tested, absence of discernable reactivity to collagen was associated with the presence of antigen-specific, radiosensitive suppressive T cells. These studies suggest that during the physiologic metabolism of collagen all individuals are exposed to Gly-Pro determinants normally buried in the interstices of the collagen triple helix. In individuals whose major histocompatibility complex contains genes linked to those coding for HLA-DR4, this results in the activation of reactive T cells. Conversely, in individuals lacking these genes, collagen-specific suppressive cells predominate. | |
| 6525299 | [Plasma levels of apolipoprotein and HDL-cholesterol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis | 1984 Sep 30 | The authors have examined the levels of the plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, of the plasma lipoproteins (HDL, LDL, VLDL) and of their main apolipoproteins (apo-A and apo-B) in a group of 64 patients affected by RA and in a population of healthy subjects considered as a contrast group, trying to establish a plausible dislipidemic factor which could justify the major occurrence of coronary heart disease in those patients suffering from RA. Statistical analysis was done with the T-test. There are not differences in the lipoprotein pattern between the group of patients affected by RA and the population of healthy subjects. The obtained result seem to exclude that such a major occurrence of coronary heart disease in the patients suffering from RA may be linked to the alteration of lipidic metabolism. | |
| 1210468 | [Practical experiences in the intra-articular treatment of chronic rheumatic diseases]. | 1975 Nov 1 | Local instillations of various medicaments with the aim of a so-called chemical synovectomy are compared with the experiment of a possible causal therapy by operative synovectomy. Under this aspect corticosteroids are used still relatively frequently also for the intraarticular treatment. They diminish transiently the inflammation of the pannus, but they do not remove it. On the basis of its good local compatibility in relapsing effusions of the large articulations, mostly of the knee-joints, which appeared in the course of a chronic progressive rheumatoid arthritis of Bechterew's disease, cyclophosphamide was applied intraarticularly and was compared with the results after injections of prednisolone. Apart from the clinical findings cytological and biochemical examinations of the synovial membrane, which more exactly than clinical parameters allow an objective estimation of the local inflammatory activity, were used for the judgement of the success. With the help of intraarticular treatment of cyclophosphamide within a complex chemotherapy an improvement of the findings and a stabilisation of the process can be achieved. Local applications of prednisolone often lead to a rapid, however, in most cases not remaining reduction of the activity at the joint. In uninfluencable high local activity of the process, objectified by examinations of the synovial membrane, an early synovectomy is indicated for the prevention of the formation of irreversible chondropathies. | |
| 6622047 | A comparison of response profiles obtained on the McGill Pain Questionnaire and an adjecti | 1983 Aug | The response profiles on the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) were compared with those obtained from a checklist format, consisting of the 78 MPQ words arranged in random order. Both forms were administered to 3 patient groups: (a) primiparae experiencing post-episiotomy pain (n = 60); (b) outpatients attending a rheumatology clinic wisdom tooth extraction (n = 60); and (c) inpatients having undergone wisdom tooth extraction (n = 60). The order of administration was balanced, so that within each patient group 40 patients received either one of the study forms and 20 both, yielding total sample sizes of 120 and 60 for further statistical analyses. Comparison of numbers of words checked in the two formats showed considerable similarity and so for purposes of further comparison, the MPQ structure was imposed on the checklist. This permitted comparison of summary scores, with no significant differences in mean level, with the sole exception of the evaluative subscale. Comparison of individual subgroup profiles on both forms also showed considerable similarity. A second objective was to compare the format in discriminating between patient groups. It was found that the MPQ offered a higher correct classification rate, although there was little in it, with MPQ subgroup scores rather than subscale scores showing marginally better results. | |
| 4077902 | Patellar dislocation following total knee replacement. | 1985 Dec | The reported incidence of patellar problems after total knee replacement has ranged from 5 to 30 per cent. Patellar dislocation is infrequent but can cause disabling symptoms. Between January 1974 and May 1982, eleven patients (twelve knees) with symptomatic lateral dislocation of the patella after total knee replacement were treated at The Hospital for Special Surgery by realignment of the extensor mechanism. All of the patients were women. Their average age was sixty-two years and average weight, eighty-seven kilograms. The diagnosis was osteoarthritis in seven knees and rheumatoid arthritis in five. Most of the patients had had preoperative valgus deformity (average, 18 degrees). The cause of dislocation was trauma in three knees, incorrect tracking of the patella after replacement in six, and malrotation of the tibial component in three. Four different prosthetic designs had been used. The design of the implant did not appear to be a factor causing dislocation in this group. The patellar dislocation was treated by proximal realignment of the quadriceps in ten knees, lateral retinacular release alone in one, and revision of the tibial and femoral components combined with proximal realignment in one. After an average follow-up of thirty-four months (range, twenty-four to fifty-seven months), the results according to The Hospital for Special Surgery knee-rating scale were excellent in ten knees and good in two, and there had been no redislocations. | |
| 6825597 | [Combined nerve damage and drug-induced cutaneous embolism after faulty intragluteal injec | 1983 Feb 11 | Injection-induced palsy of the ischiatic nerve with concomitant damage of other peripheral nerves occurred in two patients following intramuscular injection in the upper outer quarter of the large gluteal muscle. In close chronological connection skin changes developed in both cases representing drug-induced cutaneous embolism, and in one case extensive muscular necrosis was observed. In both cases the cause may be assumed to be ischaemic neuropathy following embolic occlusion of the vasa nervorum as a result of accidental intraarterial injection. | |
| 79721 | Value of immune-complex assays in diagnosis and management. | 1978 Aug 12 | Two complement-dependent assays for circulating immune complexes, the C1q-binding assay and the conglutinin binding, were used to study patients with suspected immune-complex disease. Complexes were detected most frequently in multisystem disease such as infective endocarditis (69%) and systemic lupus erythematosus (60%), and less frequently in isolated nephritis (26% of membrano-proliferative nephritis). Sequential estimations in 32 patients showed that concentrations of circulating immune complexes correlated with disease activity and were useful in monitoring therapy. | |
| 278176 | The distribution of proquazone and three of its metabolites in serum and synovial fluid. | 1978 | In 13 patients with hydrarthrosis of the knee, samples of synovial fluid and blood were drawn at regular intervals, following a single oral dose of 600 mg proquazone. The concentrations of the unchanged drug were measured fluorimetrically and those of its three principal, active metabolites by high pressure liquid chromatography. The absorption and distribution of proquazone and its metabolites were rapid. Measurable--in some cases considerable--concentrations were to be found in both the synovial fluid and serum as early as 30 minutes after intake. High concentrations were still present up to 7 hours after intake. Considerable variations were observed, both between patients and over time for each patient, so that only qualitative rather than quantitative kinetic conclusions could be drawn from the results. The concentrations were generally lower in the synovial fluid than in the serum, which may be ascribed to the drug's high protein binding. | |
| 1152909 | Re-examination of histocompatibility antigens found in patients with juvenile rheumatoid a | 1975 Sep 25 | One hundred and twenty-three patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and a similar number of controls were tissue typed for 30 HL-A antigens to determine if there were any associations between particular HL-A antigens and the disease. None were found. However, HL-A7 was found more frequently in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis demonstrating tenosynovitis than in the population with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis as a whole. These observations fail to support the contention of others that HL-A-W27 is found more frequently than expected in such patients. | |
| 4563335 | Immunglobulin classes, subclasses and complexes of IgG rheumatoid factor in rheumatoid pla | 1972 Sep | The different immunoglobulin classes, IgG subclasses and types of light chains in plasma cells of thirty-four rheumatoid synovial membranes were studied. In some of these membranes a particular Ig class or IgG subclass was selectively concentrated, indicating local production of antibodies. Large amounts of plasma cells containing IgG were detected in all tissues. In contrast, many synovial membranes contained only few plasma cells with free rheumatoid factor activity, shown by binding of aggregated IgG. However, after pepsin digestion of tissue sections, greatly increased numbers of plasma cells were able to bind IgG. Our results indicated that the majority of plasma cells of rheumatoid tissues contained rheumatoid factors, but these were mostly blocked, due to intracellular complexing of IgG rheumatoid factors. | |
| 6335858 | Modified spontaneous and mitogen-stimulated IgG synthesis in lymphocytes from rheumatoid s | 1983 Oct | Lymphocytes from rheumatoid synovial fluid (RASFL) synthesized lower levels of IgG than normal or rheumatoid peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) when cultured in vitro with a plant lectin, pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Conversely, RASFL produced higher levels of IgG than normal or rheumatoid PBL when the plant mitogen was omitted. B cell rich fractions from RASFL showed an enhancement in both spontaneous and PWM-induced IgG synthesis when they were combined with normal PBL T cells, suggesting that the RASFL B cells had already been partially activated in vivo. Presumably, RASFL T cells are defective in that they are not able to assist B cells effectively in the response to PWM stimulus. We also found that rheumatoid synovial fluid contains some humoral factors which render normal PBL T cells capable of helping normal PBL B cells synthesize IgG spontaneously. These findings may contribute to the inflammatory process of rheumatoid synovitis. | |
| 941790 | A novel relationship between plasma kininogen and rheumatoid. | 1976 Feb | Plasma kininogen levels in the peripheral venous blood of untreated patients with active rheumatoid disease was found to be more than twice the levels measured in healthy normal individuals or in convalescing uncomplicated fracture patients. Treatment with oral indomethacin or aspirin lowered the kininogen levels nearly to normal. Sequential studies showed that the fall in kininogen was very rapid, occurring within 1-2 hours of ingestion of drug, and was parallelled by reduction in the clinical indices of inflammation. Control studies showed that the kininogen changes were not due to changes in plasma volume or non-specific changes in plasma protein concentration. Indomethacin treatment had no effect on plasma kininogen levels in healthy volunteers. The significance of this finding will be discussed. |