Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7424196 | Necrotizing lesions in Sjögren's syndrome. I. An immunofluorescent study. | 1980 Jan | Necrotizing lesions were found in labial salivary glands from patients bearing Sjögren's syndrome associated to rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. In small and well circumscribed areas, parenchyma necrosis was accompanied by oedema, polymorphs and plasma cells. Immunoglobulins and complement deposition was demonstrated in serial sections. The immunological basis of these lesions and their significance in Sjögren's syndrome are discussed. | |
| 6325574 | Heterogeneity among human collagenases demonstrated by monoclonal antibody that selectivel | 1984 May 1 | The heterogeneity of human collagenases has been examined using a monoclonal antibody to neutrophil collagenase. This antibody inhibited collagenase activity and, when covalently coupled to Sepharose, bound both latent and active enzyme. Although human neutrophil collagenase was inhibited by the antibody, the activity of human skin and rheumatoid synovial collagenase was not significantly diminished in the presence of the antibody. Competitive inhibition studies also differentiated between these collagenases. Only human neutrophil collagenase effectively blocked the antibody in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay while skin and rheumatoid synovial collagenase again failed to interact with the antibody. The unequivocal recognition of neutrophil collagenase as an immunologically distinct entity from other collagenases supports the hypothesis that neutrophil collagenase is a separate gene product from fibroblast or synovial collagenase. | |
| 3892191 | Antinuclear antibodies in autoimmune disease. Significance and pathogenicity. | 1985 May | A large number of antigen-antibody systems have been described in association with connective tissue diseases. However, with the exception of antibodies to dsDNA, none of them have yet been successfully implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. It is also unclear why specific ANA are associated just with certain diseases, for example, anti-Sm with systemic lupus erythematosus. Although many questions remain about what triggers ANA production and whether these antibodies are innocent bystanders or disease inducers or enhancers, ANA serology can still be very useful to the clinician. | |
| 2417771 | Pathophysiologic aspects of lymphokines. | 1985 | Lymphokines have been known to be part of the immune system during almost the last three decades; within the last decade the information on their production, biochemical and biological characteristics has grown immensely. Their study has contributed significantly in the understanding of the physiological aspects of the immune responses. Recently, information has started being accumulated on their role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Abnormalities of their production, and their ability to modify certain effector cell functions have been described. In this review, we will attempt to view the extensive information on lymphokines from a pathophysiologic perspective. | |
| 815915 | Improvements for consistently inducing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in ra | 1976 Mar | Several methods of inducing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rats were examined using different (i) rat strains, (ii) combinations of encephalitogen with different adjuvants, and (iii) sites of encephalitogen inoculation. The time course and severity of the ensuing diseases were determined and methods delineated for inducing a disease with limited variability and high incidence. Omitting the mycobacterial component from the adjuvant eliminated the complication of adjuvant arthritis, which may develop after the appearance of EAE. Encephalitogenic emulsions prepared with an equal volume of frozen guinea pig spinal cord (GPSC) and hexadecane or squalene, injected into two inguinal nodes or one foot pad of Lewis rats, provided two quick and easy ways to induce EAE. Emulsions of encephalitogen with Freund's complete adjuvant or hexadecane, injected into the ear, also induced EAE but lengthened the time between the antigen inoculation and clinical symptoms which accompany the onset of EAE disease. However, injection into the ear offers an advantage over the Newbould technique (direct instillation of encaphalitogen in pre-exposed lymph nodes), since the animals can be confidently predosed with drugs which may reduce lymphoid mass. Effects of local inflammation on systemic drug metabolism are also minimized when using the ear route. | |
| 3934501 | Insulin and arachidonic acid metabolism in diabetes mellitus. | 1985 Dec | The alterations in the metabolism of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin), a vasodilator antiaggregatory substance, and thromboxane A2, a vasoconstrictor proaggregatory substance, in diabetes mellitus are reviewed in this article. When tested in vitro, platelet aggregation is enhanced in some patients with diabetes mellitus. The synthesis of thromboxane B2, the stable metabolite of thromboxane A2, by platelets is increased in patients with diabetes mellitus compared with control subjects. This increased synthesis appears to play a role in the enhanced platelet aggregation since the latter can be reversed by aspirin treatment and in vitro by the thromboxane receptor-antagonist 13-azaprostanoic acid. Vascular prostacyclin synthesis is decreased in both patients and experimental animals with diabetes mellitus. Treatment of experimental animals with insulin reverses the decreased synthesis of prostacyclin. The etiology of the altered arachidonic acid metabolism remains uncertain but appears to be multifactorial and includes alterations in metabolic control and circulating immune complexes. The increased ratio of thromboxane A2 to prostacyclin, which favors an enhanced thrombotic state, may play a role in the accelerated vascular disease of diabetes mellitus. | |
| 6993676 | Long-term efficacy and safety of benoxaprofen: comparison with aspirin and ibuprofen in pa | 1980 | Benoxaprofen, 400 to 600 mg daily, was compared to aspirin, 4,000 to 6,000 mg daily, or ibuprofen, 1,600 to 2,400 mg daily, in 2 multicolor clinical trials. The study design was double-blind and provided 28 wk of active drug therapy. Statistical analysis of the results showed benoxaprofen to be at least as effective as the 2 control drugs. More patients taking ibuprofen or aspirin discontinued therapy than patients taking benoxaprofen. Side effects occurred more frequently and lasted longer in patients who took aspirin during the study. Clinical laboratory examinations supported the long-term safety of benoxaprofen. | |
| 3910323 | Association between DR3 and thrombocytopenia due to gold or tiopronin. Case reports and re | 1985 Oct | Two patients who developed thrombocytopenia while on Tiopronin and gold salts respectively were HLA typed. Their common haplotype was A25(10), B8, DR3. A survey of the literature showed that the association between DR3 and the sudden onset form of thrombocytopenia is striking. A genetic predisposition, besides other unknown factors, seems to play a crucial role. | |
| 6194228 | An enzyme-linked immunoassay for circulating immune complexes using solid phased goat Clq. | 1983 Oct 14 | An ELISA procedure was developed for measuring circulating immune complexes (IC), using solid phased goat Clq. The use of purified Clq from this species significantly diminished the background uptake of the enzyme-labeled goat antibodies used in the assay, in comparison with Clq isolated from human, guinea pig or rabbit serum. The test specimen results are reported as micrograms equivalent (microgram eq)/ml of heat aggregated human immunoglobulin G (HAIgG), and are based on standard curves developed with this latter reagent for each assay. The 2 World Health Organization (WHO) reference preparations for immune complex determinations (HAIgG and a human tetanus antitoxin-toxoid immune complex) were assayed by this ELISA procedure, and the results obtained were in very good agreement with the WHO established values. All the reagents in the ELISA, including the lyophilized HAIgG standard and the solid phased Clq are stable for more than one year at 4 degrees C. The range of accurate quantitation in test serum is 2-500 micrograms/ml, when using a 1:100 specimen dilution. The total incubation is less than 2 h, with no preliminary preparation of test specimens. The average concentration of IC reactivity in 126 healthy adults was 6 micrograms eq/ml, and the normal upper limit was determined to be 12 micrograms eq/ml. | |
| 7410618 | Subcutaneous necrobiotic granulomas of the scalp. | 1980 Aug | Nine biopsy specimens taken from the scalps of five children and four adults with subcutaneous necrobiotic granulomas were reviewed. This histopathologic features were similar in both groups. Four of the five children presented clinically with multiple, firm, bound-down subcutaneous nodules limited to the scalp but no associated systemic disease. In addition to the scalp nodules, one child had typical cutaneous lesions of granuloma annulare over the acral areas. Two of the adult patients, however, had severe rheumatoid arthritis with multiple rheumatoid nodules on the arms in addition to the scalp nodules; one of them had rheumatoid vasculitis. Another adult patient had allergic granulomatosis,and one had granuloma annulare lesions involving the scalp, face, and left ankle. Excision biopsy specimens should be taken in all patients--both children and adults--with multiple, deep, bound-down nodules of the scalp. If the specimen shows subcutaneous necrobiotic granuloma, probably no treatment is indicated in children because, in our experience, there is no associated systemic disease. However, in the adult patient with similar scalp lesions, the possibility of systemic disease should be explored. | |
| 6735030 | High concentrations of N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen in the sera of patients | 1984 Feb | The concentrations of N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen in the sera of patients with various cancers were measured by radioimmunoassay. The mean value (with standard deviation) in the control group was 9.9 +/- 2.6 ng/ml. Serum levels exceeding 15 ng/ml were defined as positive, and it was found that 94% of 18 patients with primary liver cancer with cirrhosis, 88% of 8 patients with primary liver cancer without cirrhosis, 77% of 13 patients with metastatic liver cancer, 86% of 7 patients with recurrent breast cancer, 86% of 8 patients with colonic cancer, 75% of 8 patients with pancreatic cancer, 70% of 23 patients with stomach cancer, 51% of 35 patients with lung cancer, and 54% of 28 patients with uterine cancer showed positive levels. The concentrations showed great intersubject variations, probably reflecting the activity of tumor growth and/or invasion. The concentrations in the sera of patients with primary liver cancer with cirrhosis were generally higher than those in patients with liver cirrhosis alone or primary liver cancer without cirrhosis. This result suggested that the growth of primary liver cancer complicated by cirrhosis might be detected by serial measurements of this peptide in the serum of patients with liver cirrhosis. Present data suggested that this peptide is not cancer-specific, but assay of the peptide might be of value as an auxiliary means of detecting and monitoring various cancers, especially liver cancer. | |
| 7467611 | [Hematotoxic lesions caused by non-steroidal antirheumatic agents]. | 1980 Dec 1 | Among the lesions of haematopoiesis conditioned by medicaments the lesions by non-steroidal antirheumatic drugs occupy the first place. They get their significance by the fact that they are not so infrequently irreparable and thus show an unfavourable prognosis. On principle in pathogenetic respect lesions by immunologic reactions which vastly do not depend on the dosage, are to be demarcated from the toxically conditioned side-effects which depend on dosage. Conditioned by drugs aplastic syndromes of the bone marrow are not in every case strongly depending on dosage. For this is to be assumed an individual, particular sensitivity of the haematopoietic stem cells (stem cell defect). Of the anti-rheumatic drugs used for the basic therapy chloroquine derivations, gold, D-penicillamine, immunosuppressives and levamisol may effect disturbances of the haematopoiesis, for which facts are examples are given. This concerns also the symptomatically acting antirheumatic drugs. An overestimation of rare side-effects of drugs should not block the application of certain medicaments, however, they should be given only in such a high dosage as it is necessary. In combinations of antirheumatic drugs every individual drug is considered as causative factor. Interactions are particularly be taken into consideration. Control programmes, particularly with certain laboratory parameters, give the early recognition of side-effects and render possible to avoid severe effects. | |
| 4555545 | Comparison of aspirin and benorylate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1972 May 27 | In a double-blind between-patient study of aspirin and benorylate carried out in 72 outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis, benorylate 4 g twice daily was shown to be an effective analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug, its effects being indistinguishable from those of aspirin 1.2 g four times daily. Compared with the pretreatment values both drugs produced a statistically significant improvement (P < 0.01) in functional grade, overall pain, articular index, and grip strength at the end of the first and second weeks. The overall incidence of side effects was less with benorylate, though this difference was not significant at the 5% level. | |
| 7065059 | Noncontraceptive health benefits of oral steroidal contraceptives. | 1982 Mar 15 | Prospective and retrospective epidemiologic studies involving oral contraceptives have been reviewed to determine the existence and extent of their benefits other than prevention of pregnancy. There is less menstrual blood loss, which reduces the risk of iron deficiency anemia by about 50%. The incidence of menorrhagia, irregular menses, and intermenstrual bleeding is also significantly reduced in users of oral contraceptives. Studies have shown an approximate 50% reduction in risk of endometrial cancer in oral contraceptive users, as well as a significant reduction in various types of benign breast disease. Because oral contraceptives inhibit ovulation, functional ovarian cysts are nearly eliminated, and the incidence of dysmenorrhea and premenstrual tension is significantly reduced. Oral contraceptives also protect women from developing ovarian carcinoma, rheumatoid arthritis, and salpingitis. From this review we conclude that the benefits of oral contraceptives in young healthy women for far outweight their more widely publicized, infrequent risks. | |
| 6467857 | Plasma fibronectin in psoriatic arthritis subgroups. | 1984 Jun | Plasma from 38 patients suffering from one of the five broad clinical subgroups of Psoriatic Arthritis (PA) were studied for soluble plasma Fibronectin (pFn). The mean total concentration of pFn was 453.03 micrograms/ml +/- 142.83 SD, with a significant statistical difference (p less than 0.01) versus a healthy control group matched with respect to sex and age. In order to evaluate the biological role that pFn might play in this pathological condition, observed concentrations were correlated with the degree and duration of the psoriasis and arthritis. In addition, pFn was correlated to some biohumoral parameters that are modified during inflammatory processes (ESR, CRP, sCu, sFe, Hb) and to uric acid levels. Tissue typing (HLA) was done where possible. From our observations, we suggest that pFn most likely is not an acute phase protein and rather than having specificity for a particularly disease, might, in widespread and severe cases be, a general and useful marker of the connective-tissue organizing and repairing response, following its injury. | |
| 6946376 | Sialochemistry for diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome in xerostomic patients. | 1981 Nov | The flow rate and composition of whole unstimulated saliva were measured in fifteen healthy controls and in forty-eight xerostomic patients, fourteen suffering from xerostomia per se, twenty-two from xerostomia with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), and twelve from xerostomia, KCS, and rheumatoid arthritis. A significant lower salivary flow rate was found in all the xerostomic patients. Sodium, potassium, and IgA concentrations were significantly elevated in the KCS and in the RA + KCS group in comparison with the patients who had xerostomia per se and with the healthy controls. Sialochemistry is thus recommended for the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome in xerostomic patients. | |
| 932079 | Patterns of osteoarthritis of the hip. | 1976 May | The division of osteoarthritis into primary and secondary varieties implies that these are aetiologically distinct entities, the former being due to some intrinsic defect of cartilage and the latter resulting from previous articular damage. This traditional concept is questioned and the hypothesis is advanced that osteoarthritis is always secondary to some underlying abnormality of the joint. A detailed clinical, radiographic and morbid anatomical study of 327 cases of osteoarthritis of the hip is presented. In all but twenty-seven some predisposing abnormality of the joint was diagnosed: 107 (33%) were associated with major pathology such as Perthes' disease or epiphysiolysis; minor acetabular dysplasia was present in sixty-seven (20%), with a male: female ratio of 1:10; minimal femoral head tilt was demonstrated in fifty-nine (18%), the male: female ratio being 14:1; and in forty-three (13%) there were features suggesting an underlying inflammatory arthritis. On the basis of this study a new classification is proposed and osteoarthritis of the hip is divided into three pathogenetic groups: 1) failure of essentially normal cartilage subjected to abnormal or incongruous loading for long periods; 2) damaged or defective cartilage failing under normal conditions of loading; 3) break-up of articular cartilage due to defective subchondral bone. | |
| 1164109 | Floctafenine, a new non-narcotic analgesic. | 1975 Jul | Floctafenine has been studied in comparison with acetyl-salicylic acid, indomethacin and d-propoxyphene in a series of tests for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. It is very active in the acetic acid-induced writhing test and on the inflamed paw in the Randall and Selitto test. Furthermore, like acetylsalicylic acid and indomethacin, but unlike d-propoxyphene, it has no effect on the non-inflamed paw, and similarly it is inactive in the tail flick and in the hot plate test. Floctafenine is also very effective in some acute inflammations such as naphtoylheparamine-induced oedema or in UV erythema, but it is distinctly less active in carrageenin-induced oedema or in adjuvant arthritis. In rat gastric and intestinal mucosa its tolerance is excellent. It has no action on the central and autonomous nervous systems. The pharmacological profile of this compound thus places it amongst the non-narcotic analgesics. It has an exceptionally high therapeutic index, much higher than that of acetylsalicylic acid and indomethacin. | |
| 7041244 | A solid-phase radioimmunoassay for anti-histone antibodies in human sera: comparison with | 1982 Jan | A solid-phase assay for anti-histone antibodies is described, in which antibodies bound to calf thymus total histones, specific histone classes, or chromatin were detected by radioactive anti-human IgG, IgA or IgM. The reactivity of human sera from various rheumatic diseases was analyses by this assay and compared with results obtained from an indirect immunofluorescence assay (FANA) previously described. Sera that were positive in the FANA assay were usually positive in the solid-phase assay when total histones were the solid-phase antigen. However, many sera had IgM antibodies to total histones in the solid-phase assay but gave no detectable reaction in the FANA assay. Results from the solid-phase assay, using individual histones and chromatin, showed that the anti-histone antibodies in these sera were predominantly reactive with histones H3-H4 and did not bind well to histones complexed to DNA in the form of chromatin. | |
| 46857 | Optical versus radiographic magnification for fine-detail skeletal radiography. | 1975 Mar | Fine-detail radiographic techniques for peripheral skeletal imaging have gained wide clinical acceptance. In this study, the imaging properties and clinical applications of the optical magnification technique, which employs fine-grain industrial film and a large focal spot, are compared quantitatively and qualitatively with those of three slow screen-film techniques, namely, contact exposure with a large focal spot, 2 times radiographic magnification with a 0.3 mm focal spot, and 4 times radiographic magnification with a 50 mu focal spot. The modulation transfer functions (MTF's) of the recording systems and focal spots are obtained and film sensitometry performed. Clinical comparisons are made for patients with metabolic, arthritic, and neoplastic skeletal disorders. The results illustrate the superiority of the optical magnification technique over contact or 2 times magnification techniques using slow screen-film systems. If a microfocus tube is used, however, direct radiographic magnification may provide images comparable in resolution, noise and contrast to those made with the optical magnification technique, and at lower radiation exposure to the patient. |