Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3044670 | Bone metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1988 Mar | Bone metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is reviewed. Two different entities are recognised: 1) a localised periarticular bone loss, due to inflammatory processes and 2) a generalised increased bone turnover, ultimately leading to a loss of axial bone mass. The mechanism of this loss of axial bone is not completely understood; probably immobilisation is the most important factor. The influence of certain drugs is discussed. | |
| 3330296 | Prospects in the immunological treatments of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1987 | Different trends in the therapeutic immunomodulation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been developed since a few years. Early treatment and/or combined treatments using 2 or 3 classical remission inducing drugs could improve the clinical results. Diet and especially eicosapentanoic acid could influence the clinical signs of RA. Among the non specific immunodepressive agents, methotrexate is of major interest. Immunodepressive agents partly selective of a lymphocyte subpopulation: cyclosporin A, total lymphoid irradiation, act on CD4 cells. Some experimental immunomodulating drugs are under study: type II interferon, thymic hormones, immunoglobulins of placental origin. The specific immunotherapy of RA is still experimental and only used in animal with very promising results. Anticlass II HLA monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies could be one of the major treatments of autoimmune diseases within a few years. The treatment of RA by anti-idiotype antibodies remains, at this moment, theoretical. | |
| 2930281 | Acute non-infectious arthritis of the hip in rheumatoid arthritis: synovial membrane findi | 1989 Mar | A case of acute hip pain in rheumatoid arthritis is presented, with synovial membrane findings. A patient with classical rheumatoid arthritis suffered three unusual bouts of sudden, severe but transient hip pain. The hips were clinically normal between these episodes. The clinical picture on two of these occasions strongly suggested septic arthritis. Although the synovial fluid was highly inflammatory, cultures were negative. The synovial membrane showed mild lining cell hyperplasia, vascular congestion, and scattered inflammatory cells, predominantly lymphocytes. These findings were not compatible with either pyogenic infection or longstanding rheumatoid arthritis. The clinical and pathological features of acute non-infectious arthritis of the hip appear to delineate a distinct syndrome. | |
| 3320699 | Rheumatoid arthritis: connection to a rapid evolution mechanism? | 1987 Dec | The idea that disease and evolution may be related was raised by research on the sickle cell hemoglobin (Hbs) gene. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) will be compared and contrasted with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), to develop the hypothesis that RA has a function linked to the modification of a rapid evolution mechanism. | |
| 2203433 | Novel therapies. | 1990 Jun | Extremely preliminary results from uncontrolled feasibility studies hint that minocycline and T-cell cytolitic strategies deserve further evaluation in RA, as does the use of high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin in chronic cutaneous vasculitis. | |
| 2024108 | Pleural effusion with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 Mar | Pleural effusions complicating rheumatoid arthritis occur most commonly in middle-aged men. The majority of these individuals will be symptomatic with pleuritic chest pain and/or dyspnea. Rheumatoid pleural effusions have distinct chemical characteristics including elevated LDH, low glucose and low pH. The finding of a rheumatoid nodule on pleural biopsy, is pathognomonic of a rheumatoid associated pleural effusion. Treatment of this spectrum of the disease is aimed at preventing progressive pleural fibrosis. | |
| 2913913 | Self-report questionnaire scores in rheumatoid arthritis compared with traditional physica | 1989 Feb 15 | STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess whether scores on a simple self-report questionnaire to depict the clinical status of patients with rheumatoid arthritis are correlated with traditional measures of physical, radiographic, laboratory, functional, and global status. DESIGN: The self-report questionnaire was administered at the same time the following variables were assessed: American Rheumatism Association functional class, joint count, hand radiograph, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, rheumatoid factor titer, walking time, grip strength, button test, and global self-assessment. SETTING: University rheumatology clinic, the rheumatology clinic of a Veterans Administration hospital, and a private rheumatology practice. PATIENTS: The study included 259 patients who met the criteria of the American Rheumatism Association for a diagnosis of definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis. INTERVENTIONS: Standard rheumatologic care for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Self-report questionnaire scores were significantly correlated with the joint count, radiographic score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, grip strength, button test, walking time, American Rheumatism Association functional class, and global self-assessment. Patients were categorized into five questionnaire score categories of 1.00, indicating no dysfunction, and 1.01 to 1.50, 1.51 to 2.00, 2.01 to 3.00, and 3.01 to 4.00, indicating progressive dysfunction. In these five categories, more than ten involved joints were seen in 11%, 37%, 67%, 79%, and 100% of patients, respectively, and erythrocyte sedimentation rates greater than 20 mm/h in 29%, 49%, 64%, 74%, and 85% of patients, respectively. Similar results were seen for other physical and radiographic measures. The questionnaire score was as effective in explaining other measures of clinical status as was any other available measure. CONCLUSIONS: A simple self-report questionnaire provides information similar to many traditional measures in rheumatoid arthritis and appears to be an attractive, cost-effective approach to assessing and monitoring quantitatively the status of an individual patient. | |
| 3632733 | Attributional processes in rheumatoid arthritis patients. | 1987 Aug | In a study of 92 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, we examined patients' beliefs about the causes of their illness, disease flares, and disease remissions, and about the selective incidence of the disease. Numerous self-report measures were used to elucidate the patients' attitudes and perceptions; the tendency of patients to present themselves in socially desirable ways was taken into account and was found not to influence the study results. The causes for the illness that were most frequently cited by patients were heredity (34.7%), autoimmune factor (24.4%), personal behaviors (22.8%), and psychological stress (22.8%). Patients who were more actively searching for the causes of the illness and who continued to ask "Why me?" reported greater functional problems and a greater sense of helplessness. The most frequently cited causes for symptom flares were psychological stress (45.5%), changes in weather (34.0%), and excessive physical activity (34.1%). Symptom remissions were most frequently believed to be related to medication changes (49.4%) and the absence of psychological stress (21.0%). Several of these causal beliefs were related to perceptions of helplessness and the illness' predictability and to health care providers' assessments of disease severity and patients' psychosocial adjustment. | |
| 3718563 | Survival, prognosis, and causes of death in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1986 Jun | The factors associated with mortality were examined in a prospective longitudinal study, over an average of 12 years, with 94% followup of patients diagnosed as having rheumatoid arthritis. Of 805 patients, 233 died during the period of the study. Survivorship of rheumatoid arthritis patients was approximately 50% less than that of population controls. Survivorship was decreased by the traditional demographic variables of greater age and male sex; however, a significant independent effect of variables reflecting disease severity (American Rheumatism Association functional class, rheumatoid factor titer, number of involved joints) was identified by multivariate analysis. Seventy-nine excess deaths (i.e., those that would not have been expected in a control population) were due in part to disease-related causes, to infections, and to gastrointestinal complications of therapy. Treatment with gold or prednisone did not seem to affect survivorship or cause of death, except for the clustering of deaths of patients with vasculitis within the prednisone group. Our findings indicate that rheumatoid arthritis, a chronic disabling disease, is also associated with a major decrease in survivorship. | |
| 1808683 | [Rheumatoid wrist]. | 1991 Dec 15 | The wrist is involved, often as the initial lesion, in 85% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. . An early diagnosis results in a better management. At an advanced stage the functional disablement may be severe; it can be due to instability of the wrist, sometimes associated with palmar dislocation of the carpus, to rupture of tendons facilitated by dorsal dislocation of the ulnar head, and to the limited mobility of the wrist, notably in supination. Treatment is part of the overall management of rheumatoid arthritis, with surgery playing a major role. | |
| 1929583 | Polymyalgia rheumatica and rheumatoid arthritis of the elderly: a clinical, laboratory, an | 1991 Sep | Clinical, laboratory, and scintigraphic features of 16 patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and 23 patients matched for age presenting with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (American Rheumatism Association 1958 criteria) of the elderly were compared in order to define features that might distinguish between these two syndromes. The sensitivity of proposed diagnostic criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica was always higher in the group with polymyalgia rheumatica, though only significantly so for morning stiffness. A comparison of 27 different laboratory features showed few significant differences between the diseases, though correlation between laboratory variables within each of the disease groups differed, perhaps suggesting a fundamental pathogenetic difference between them. Scintigraphy of the shoulder joint proved of no value in differential diagnosis. It was concluded that polymyalgia rheumatica and rheumatoid arthritis of the elderly are probably discrete clinical entities. Bilateral upper arm tenderness, lack of positive rheumatoid factor, and a normal caeruloplasmin are the most valuable features for distinguishing polymyalgia rheumatica from rheumatoid arthritis of the elderly. | |
| 3707627 | The development of disability in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1986 Apr | Six hundred eighty-one consecutive patients with rheumatoid arthritis were followed for an average of 11.9 years to identify initial factors that predicted subsequent disability. Of 39 potentially predictive variables obtained at study onset and studied by stepwise regression methods, age was found to be the most powerful single predictor of disability, followed by radiologic grade, sex, and initial functional class. The worst prognosis for disability was found in patients who were older women and who showed radiologic worsening and developed functional impairment early in the disease course. Both disability and radiologic progression of disease were found to develop most rapidly during the first years after disease onset and to assume a slow, nearly linear rate of increase after 10 years. Approximately 10% of patients did not develop significant disability. This study suggests that it is possible to identify, early in the disease course, those patients who are likely to develop severe disability, and that "disease-modifying" therapy might well be initiated earlier in such patients and used consistently throughout the subsequent treatment. | |
| 2285736 | Dance-based aerobic exercise for rheumatoid arthritis. | 1990 Mar | Reported here are the results of the first effort to examine the effects of a dance-based aerobic exercise program for people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Forty-three subjects with RA completed a 16-week program that met twice weekly for 2 hours. One hour was devoted to exercise consisting of 15 to 20 minutes of warm-ups, 20 to 30 minutes of dance-based aerobic exercise, and 15 to 20 minutes of mat work for muscle strengthening and flexibility. The second hour was devoted to discussion that emphasized participant problem solving. The combined exercise/problem-solving discussion program was called EDUCIZE. Analyses of pretest to posttest changes indicated no deleterious effects on disease activity. In fact, physician-assessed articular pain and swelling decreased significantly, as did 50-foot walk time, pain, and depression. Participants reported significant improvement in lower extremity function. Changes in vigor and fatigue approached significance. Perceptions of general health as well as four of five quality of life indices improved significantly. This study adds to the as yet limited literature that indicates that weight-bearing vigorous exercise is beneficial for people with arthritis. Controlled studies to validate the findings of this study appear warranted. Also important for future research is investigation of the influence of the problem-solving discussion component on program effects. | |
| 3629284 | Productive osseous changes about the wrist in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1987 | Radiographs of 225 consecutive patients with adult-form rheumatoid arthritis were examined for evidence of productive osseous changes about the wrist. The prevalence of new bone on the ulnar styloid was 10%.. This form of new bone is probably due to overlying chronic tenosynovitis. A collar of new bone around the ulnar head is a result of degenerative change in the distal radioulnar joint. In general, productive osseous changes in rheumatoid arthritis may represent inflammatory periosteal bone formation, osteophytosis, or contact remodeling. We found no evidence of an association between diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and extensive productive osseous changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 2197999 | Cytokine production in the rheumatoid joint: implications for treatment. | 1990 Jun | Cytokines are protein mediators that play a part in inflammation, the immune response, cell growth, repair, and fibrosis. All of these are continuing processes in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and so it would be expected that many cytokines would be actively produced in RA joints. Here, the molecular strategies devised to study the possible role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of RA, are reviewed and some of the initial results described. The relative abundance of various cytokines is 'catalogued' and then attention is turned to an attempt to discover which cytokines are of major importance in the pathogenesis. Neutralising antibodies to cytokines were used for that purpose, and it was found that tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) is one of the major signals regulating the production of interleukin-1 in the RA, but not in the osteoarthritic joint. To understand further the dynamics of the cytokine network localisation of the cytokine producing cells by immunostaining--for example, TNF alpha, is currently being established. | |
| 3954472 | Metabolic activity of erosions in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1986 Mar | The hands of 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were investigated with diphosphonate scanning and radiology. Increased uptake of isotope can be associated with some erosions but not all and also reflects other processes more linked to acute inflammatory areas unassociated with the development of erosions. If the latter are the hallmark of active rheumatoid arthritis then bone scans are not. | |
| 3820198 | Occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis in a nationwide series of twins. | 1986 Oct | The nationwide Finnish Twin Cohort was linked with the Sickness Insurance Register on the basis of the unique identification number assigned to each Finnish citizen. The study series consisted of 4137 monozygotic (MZ) and 9162 dizygotic (DZ) same-sexed twin pairs born before 1958 and alive in 1975. Altogether, 261 subjects in the series had the right to receive free medication for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) under the Sickness Insurance Act that covers the entire Finnish population. The pairwise concordance percentage for RA was 12.3 in MZ twins and 3.5 in DZ twins. The age and sex adjusted ratio of observed per expected numbers of concordant pairs (relative risk) was 8.6 for MZ pairs and 3.4 for DZ pairs. These figures are lower than those previously reported on twins but compatible with results from family studies on the genetic component of RA. | |
| 3712017 | Rheumatoid arthritis and positional vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Case report. | 1986 Jul | The authors report a case of positional occlusions of the vertebral arteries in a 45-year-old patient with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The occlusions were documented angiographically by placing the head in various positions during digital subtraction angiography using aortic arch injections. | |
| 2147471 | Arthropathy of Down syndrome. | 1990 Dec | A juvenile rheumatoid arthritis-like arthropathy has previously been documented in 12 patients with Down syndrome. An additional 9 patients are described and the literature is reviewed. It is unknown whether these patients have juvenile rheumatoid arthritis or a unique arthropathy in light of the genetic and immunologic abnormalities associated with Down syndrome. Most of the patients had a progressive course with polyarticular disease complicated by subluxations and a long lag time to diagnosis. The purpose of reporting these children is to increase awareness of this association and facilitate more appropriate and timely diagnosis of arthritis in Down syndrome patients. | |
| 3720259 | Rheumatoid arthritis in the elderly. | 1986 Apr | What is currently classified as rheumatoid arthritis in the elderly (that is, late onset after age 60) may in fact include a number of separable distinct diseases. Identifiable subsets include seropositive or 'classic' rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome with a limited form of arthritis, and a seronegative benign synovitis akin to polymyalgia rheumatica. |