Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1742943 | Interactive effect of HLA and Gm and genetic heterogeneity tested in 79 rheumatoid arthrit | 1991 Jan | The hypothesis that there is an interactive effect between HLA and Gm genes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was tested in a sample of 79 RA families. An analysis, of the joint segregation of these two markers in RA sibpairs, confirmed the previously described effect of HLA in RA but did not provide evidence of an independent effect of Gm alone or in interaction with HLA. The additional hypothesis that the previously described correlation between RA and autoimmune thyroid disease is due to genetic factors, was also investigated in relation to HLA and Gm. Therefore, we examined the segregation of HLA and Gm in RA sibships depending on the presence or the absence of autoimmune thyroid disorder. This analysis showed significant heterogeneity in HLA segregation (P = 0.02) with an HLA effect restricted only to sibships without thyroid disease. There was no evidence that thyroid disease influenced Gm segregation (P = 0.19). The effect of thyroid disease on HLA segregation suggests that the familial association between RA and autoimmune thyroid disease is at least partially due to genetic factors. | |
| 2479973 | Synoviocytes type A bind exogenous antigens recognized by antibodies present in rheumatoid | 1989 Nov | The presence of antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients to antigens on the synoviocyte surface has recently been reported (Scand. J. Immunol. 27, 295, 1988). Here we have further characterized these antigens and found that they are exogenous proteins acquired from the bovine serum used in the culture medium. By immunoprecipitation and ELISA studies, we have identified bovine albumin and transferrin as the antigens recognized by the RA antibodies. These specificities were found not only in the sera but also in the synovial fluid from RA patients. A comparative study with a large panel of RA sera did not show a correlation in the antibody specificities for bovine albumin, bovine transferrin, or the 65-kDa heat shock protein from Mycobacterium bovis. Similar experiments using rabbit and monkey sera as well as human synovial fluid and serum as a source of antigen did not reveal any reactivity with a highly positive RA serum. By sequence alignment, a high degree of homology between residues 142-156 from bovine albumin and residues 65-78 from human pro-collagen alpha 1 (I) was found. The capacity of the synoviocytes to bind exogenous antigens and the presence of antibodies to bovine proteins, normally present in the diet, suggest a role for these type A synoviocytes as well as a possible involvement of food antigens in the pathogenesis of RA. | |
| 3485890 | Biochemical markers of bone turnover in rheumatoid arthritis. Relation to anti-inflammator | 1986 | Bone turnover was determined in 125 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Bone Gla protein (BGP) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) were used as markers of bone formation. Fasting urinary calcium relative to creatinine (FU Ca/Cr) and fasting urinary hydroxyproline relative to creatinine (FU Hpr/Cr) were used as markers of bone resorption. These variables were compared to the values of two groups of normal controls in order to elucidate the pathophysiology of the osteopenia occurring in patients with RA. When the patients were divided into groups according to treatment (gold salts, penicillamine, or glucocorticoids), serum AP was highly significantly increased in all three groups, whereas serum BGP was below the normal mean. FU Ca/Cr and FU Hpr/Cr were moderately decreased in the groups treated with gold salts or penicillamine, but increased in the glucocorticoid-treated group. When divided according to sex and menopausal state and glucocorticoid treatment versus non-glucocorticoid treatment, there was a balance between bone formation and bone resorption parameters in all groups, except glucocorticoid-treated men and premenopausal women who had increased values of bone resorption parameters. | |
| 1920331 | The effect of age on methotrexate efficacy and toxicity. | 1991 Jul | We studied the clinical course of 235 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving methotrexate (MTX) over a mean of 1.9 years. Both older (greater than 65 years) and younger (less than or equal to 65 years) patients demonstrated clinical improvement, but older patients had greater improvement in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and hemoglobin than younger patients. Most assessments of laboratory abnormalities and symptoms suggestive of toxicity did not differ between age groups. But more gastrointestinal complaints and pulmonary complaints were reported in older patients, associations that have been noted in older patients not treated with MTX as well. Our data indicate that treatment that includes MTX is effective in older patients with RA, and that older patients improve at least as much as younger. | |
| 2065506 | Intra-articular steroids: confounder of clinical trials. | 1991 Mar | The effect of intra-articular (i-a) steroid injection on ESR and C-reactive protein (CRP) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was investigated. One week following injection of 1 or 2 knees there was a significant fall in ESR (p less than 0.0001) and CRP (p less than 0.01) in a cohort of 20 RA patients. The mean drop for both ESR and CRP was 46%. This effect lasted over a variable period up to 6 months. A survey of 50 published drug efficacy studies in RA revealed that, while 44 used ESR and 20 CRP as efficacy measures, 37 neither excluded nor recorded i-a steroid injections during the study. Steroid injections were excluded in 8 studies and recorded in 5, being used as an outcome measure in 2 of these. It is recommended that the frequency with which i-a injections are used in drug efficacy studies is reported and that they are avoided in the 3 months preceding an outcome measurement if ESR or CRP are being used as outcome measures. | |
| 3263501 | Fibromyalgia: generalized pain intolerance and manifold symptom reporting. | 1988 Aug | We tested the current criteria for fibromyalgia. Pain tolerance was measured at tender point and control point sites using a pressure algometer, and responses to 6 standard psychological self-reports were obtained from 125 patients with generalized nonarticular rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, or osteoarthritis. Among patients with generalized nonarticular rheumatism, published symptom criteria for fibromyalgia did not correlate significantly with the number of tender points. Only lower generalized pressure point pain tolerance distinguished fibromyalgia from other generalized nonarticular rheumatism. Generalized nonarticular rheumatism mean scores were much higher than controls on tests measuring the tendency to report physical symptoms, including headaches and functional bowel syndrome. It is probable that patients with fibromyalgia do not differ in any important physical or psychological respect from other patients with generalized nonarticular rheumatism except for the presence of tender points. However, the presence of tender points is merely a reflection of the patient's general pressure pain sensitivity and is not indicative of any special localized pathological phenomenon. The concept of fibromyalgia as an entity separate from the rest of generalized nonarticular rheumatism may be an artifact of a physician's approach to the patient. Most patients with generalized nonarticular rheumatism demonstrate an abnormally high frequency of reporting manifold disagreeable symptoms and probably come to the attention of many medical disciplines. | |
| 2353151 | Structural and biochemical abnormalities of articular cartilage in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1990 | Compared with normal cartilage, the water content, extraction yields, and capacity of 34SO4 incorporation, were found to be increased in articular cartilage from rheumatoid joints, which also synthesizes an increased proportion of low and middle density small size proteoglycans (PGs), enriched in dermatan sulfate. These small [35S]-PGs also possess longer glycosaminoglycan side chains and lack the ability to interact with hyaluronan. An altered pattern of PG synthesis of rheumatoid chondrocytes may contribute to cartilage damage in this condition. | |
| 3358666 | Shoulder arthroplasty with the Neer Mark-II prosthesis. | 1988 | Total shoulder joint replacement was used as primary intervention in 50 shoulders--35 with rheumatoid arthritis, eight with osteoarthritis, and seven with traumatic arthritis. Follow-up time was 27 (12-42) months. The primary indication for the operation was chronic severe pain; improvements in motion and function were secondary objectives. Relief of pain was obtained in 46 of 50 shoulders. The best results regarding pain, motion, and function were obtained in the osteoarthritic group. The majority of patients with rheumatoid arthritis obtained pain relief and the largest increase in range of motion occurred in this group, although full range of motion was never regained. The results in patients with traumatic arthritis seemed unpredictable. Two shoulders were complicated by glenoid loosening, one by humeral subluxation, and one by musculocutaneous nerve palsy. | |
| 1718228 | Antiperinuclear factor, a marker autoantibody for rheumatoid arthritis: colocalisation of | 1991 Sep | The antiperinuclear factor, an autoantibody specific for rheumatoid arthritis, was found in 51/63 (81%) patients with rheumatoid arthritis by indirect immunofluorescence on human buccal mucosa cells. The sensitivity of the antiperinuclear factor test was increased by pretreating the buccal mucosa cells with 0.5% Triton-X100. The specificity of the test for rheumatoid arthritis as compared with control serum samples was maintained. The localisation of the perinuclear factor in the keratohyalin granules of the buccal mucosa cells was verified by immunoelectron microscopy. The perinuclear factor was found to be an insoluble protein whose antigenicity was sensitive to various fixation procedures. In serum samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis there was a positive correlation between the presence of antiperinuclear factor and the presence of the so called antikeratin antibodies as detected by immunofluorescence on unfixed rat oesophagus cryostat sections. No relation was found between the presence of the perinuclear factor and either the rheumatoid factor, Epstein-Barr virus components, or any cytokeratin. By double immunofluorescence an exact colocalisation of the perinuclear factor and profilaggrin was found. Although the precise biochemical identity of the perinuclear factor remains unclear, our results suggest that it is a protein only present in the fully differentiated squamous epithelial cell layer. | |
| 2317974 | Arthroscopic debridement of the arthritic knee. | 1990 Apr | Arthroscopic debridement was carried out in 49 knees of 44 patients. These patients, who had a primary diagnosis of arthritis, were older than 50 years of age. Two-thirds had roentgenographic evidence of severe arthritis. Age, weight, compartment location of arthritis, and presurgical range of motion did not affect surgical results. Symptoms of long duration, arthritic severity as evidenced by roentgenograms, and malalignment predicted poor results. Conversely, shorter duration of symptoms, mechanical symptoms, mild to moderate roentgenographic changes, and crystal deposition correlated with improved results. Surgery offered no benefit for 39% of the patients. Another 9% had temporary improvement, averaging 15 months, but were judged failures at the final follow-up examination. Good or excellent results were achieved in 52% of the patients and maintained through the final follow-up examination in 40% of the patients. Of these, two-thirds had no visible deterioration within a 33-month average follow-up period. | |
| 3114483 | Alveolar macrophage gold retention in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1987 Jun | Alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were evaluated by electron dispersive microanalysis (EDX) for the presence of elemental gold. EDX revealed gold in 90% (9/10) of patients with RA who were currently receiving chrysotherapy or who had discontinued chrysotherapy less than 24 months before BAL. All patients who had discontinued chrysotherapy more than 24 months before BAL (range: 3-14 years) were EDX negative (4/4), as were patients with RA who had never received gold therapy (5/5). Seven patients with RA (7/19) had clinical evidence of interstitial lung disease and 12 patients (12/19) had no interstitial lung disease. There was no correlation between chrysotherapy and the development of interstitial lung disease. These results demonstrate that gold is retained for prolonged periods in pulmonary tissue macrophages but do not identify any relationship between gold and chronic rheumatoid lung disease. | |
| 2661581 | Rheumatoid arthritis of the wrist. | 1989 May | Rheumatoid deformity alone is not an indication for surgery; pain and loss of function are. For the wrist, the selection of the procedure depends on thorough clinical and radiographic evaluations for tendon and joint synovitis, tendon ruptures, nerve compressions, and deformity. Operative treatment varies with the patient's age, handedness, occupation, needs, and expectations. One or more of the following modalities may need to be used: joint and tendon synovectomy, tendon transfer, repair and relocation, ligament repair, ligamentodesis and capsulodesis, limited and total arthrodesis, arthroplasty with and without arthrodesis, and with and without endoprosthesis, and different techniques for the management of the painful distal radioulnar joint. | |
| 2963127 | IgA related disorders in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1987 Oct | Serum monomeric and polymeric IgA, IgA rheumatoid factor (IgA-RF) and IgA containing circulating immune complexes (IgA-CIC) were studied in 192 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to explore the relationships among IgA related abnormalities and to investigate their potential associations with disease activity, immunoregulatory disorders and effect of treatments. Total serum IgA and polymeric IgA (p-IgA) levels were elevated in 23 and 11% of patients with RA, respectively. Their respective mean concentrations in serum were significantly elevated compared to normal values (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.004). A preferential increase in polymeric rather than monomeric IgA was observed. IgA-RF, detected by a solid phase ELISA, was found in 71% and was associated with decreased grip strength (p less than 0.005), active disease (p less than 0.05), increased p-IgA level (p less than 0.001), elevated p-IgA:total IgA ratio (p less than 0.05), the presence of IgA-CIC (p less than 0.005) and IgM-RF (p less than 0.005). Complement fixing IgA-CIC were detected in 40% of patients by IgA specific conglutinin and anti-C3 binding solid phase ELISA. High molecular weight IgA species precipitated by 2.5% polyethylene glycol from RA sera positive for IgA-CIC were shown to be IgA-RF complexed to IgG. Taken together, our results suggest that IgA-RF are essentially polymeric in nature and circulate as IgA-RF-IgG immune complexes. Although the presence of IgA-CIC was not associated with disease activity, IgA-CIC activated C3 and thus are potentially pathogenic.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 2959772 | Abnormal lymphocyte reactivity to self-major histocompatibility antigens in rheumatoid art | 1987 Aug | Proliferation of rheumatoid and control peripheral blood mononuclear cells to OKT3, phorbol myristic acid (PMA), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), tuberculin PPD and in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) was investigated. Only the responses to PPD and in the AMLR were depressed. This was not due to suppression by OKT8 lymphocytes. The proportion of antigen responsive (T4+ 4B4+) cells was normal but suppressor-inducer (T4+ 2H4+) cells were decreased. The depressed response was not completely restored by addition of recombinant interleukin-2. We propose that a basic defect in rheumatoid arthritis resides in T lymphocytes which react to self-major histocompatibility complex antigens either on their own, as in the AMLR, or as restriction elements in the presentations of soluble antigen. | |
| 2318986 | Rheumatoid lymphadenopathy: a morphological and immunohistochemical study. | 1990 Feb | Sixteen lymph nodes from 14 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were examined immunohistochemically and morphometrically and compared with 10 control nodes showing follicular hyperplasia from patients without rheumatoid disease. Frozen material was available from nine patients and all controls. The nodes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis seemed to share characteristic features. The most striking of these was follicular hyperplasia in which the germinal centres, in spite of being quite large, showed relatively sparse proliferative activity. The nodes often showed infiltration of germinal centres by CD8 positive T lymphocytes and contained fewer IL2R positive cells in the paracortex than controls. These and other features may have some correlation with disease activity. Lymphadenopathy in rheumatoid arthritis may not just be a manifestation of joint inflammation but an active component of this multisystem disease and may reflect a widespread immunological abnormality. | |
| 2367460 | [Interstitial lung fibrosis in rheumatoid arthritis--comparison of lung function and bronc | 1990 Feb | In fibrosing alveolitides that are associated with rheumatoid arthritides, the BAL fluid reveals a characteristic cell pattern. These cellular changes occur at an earlier date than do the radiological signs of pulmonary fibrosis. Together with a measurement of the CO diffusion capacity, BAL is a suitable monitoring parameter for fibrosing alveolitides in rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3259803 | Rheumatoid arthritis of the cervical spine: surface-coil MR imaging. | 1988 Jul | Fifteen patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis were investigated with plain films, pluridirectional tomography, and surface-coil T1-weighted MR imaging at 500/17 (TR/TE). We evaluated the atlantodental interval; basion-dental interval; density or intensity of the dens; dens erosion; cranial settling; anterior, posterior, lateral, or rotatory atlantoaxial subluxation; subaxial subluxation; ligamentous calcification or osteophytes; erosion; cystic changes; joint-space narrowing of the apophyseal articulations; and posterior spinous process erosion. In addition, the cervicomedullary angle and the neuraxis configuration were identified on MR images. To determine its normal range, the cervicomedullary angle was measured in 50 patients whose MR studies were unrelated to the craniovertebral junction. All patients with a cervicomedullary angle less than 135 degrees had evidence of brainstem compression, cervical myelopathy, or C2 root pain. Also, all patients with cervicomedullary junction compression were neurologically abnormal. MR was found to be as good as tomography in evaluating the atlantodental interval, dens erosion, ligamentous calcification or osteophytes of the upper spine, subaxial subluxation, and various subluxations that occur in the occiput-C2 area. MR was less effective than tomography in evaluating the basion-dental interval, erosion of the posterior spinous processes, apophyseal joint disease from C3 inferiorly, and cystic changes of the articular facets of C1-C2. The most clinically important parameters were well seen with MR. The data show that MR is an excellent imaging procedure for evaluating rheumatoid arthritis of the cervical spine. | |
| 3238357 | Relation between bone erosions and rheumatoid factor IgA and IgM isotypes in recent onset | 1988 | In this prospective study 58 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis were followed up for two years with six-monthly assessments including rheumatoid factors (RF) of IgA and IgM subtypes. Initial and mean serum levels of IgA-RFs were raised in patients with an erosive disease course in comparison to non erosive disease. The cases with initially increased serum levels of RFs of both isotypes developed more eroded joints in their hands and feet during the study period than the rest of the patients. None of the differences, however, were statistically significant. Of the tested parameters only clinical rheumatoid activity (Mallya-index) was significantly related to the number of eroded joints during the follow-up. We conclude that serum IgA-type RFs are raised in erosive RA, but the determination of RFs of any kind cannot be used to prognosticate erosiveness. | |
| 11188602 | Assessing the impact of self-efficacy beliefs on adaptation to rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 Dec | This article examines the influence of self-efficacy beliefs on problem-solving coping, functional disability, and psychological well-being for 101 recently diagnosed adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of psychosocial adaptation to the onset of RA. Self-efficacy beliefs were associated with less functional disability assessed concurrently and 1 year later. Self-efficacy beliefs were also associated with greater use of problem-solving coping 1 year later. There was an interaction between pain and self-efficacy beliefs in the prediction of depression 1 year later: at low pain, self-efficacy beliefs were unrelated to depression, but at higher levels of pain, greater self-efficacy was related to greater depression. Finally, problem-solving coping mediated the relationship between disability and initial self-efficacy beliefs. The distinct patterns that emerge for pain, self-efficacy beliefs, and coping, with respect to functional status as compared to psychological status, are discussed. | |
| 2634883 | [Calcium regulating hormone in the pathological changes of bone in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1989 Oct | To further elucidate the pathogenesis of calcium regulating hormones and bone Gla-protein (BGP) on the deteriorated bone changes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the degree of the appendicular bone atrophy, using microdensitometry method in patients with RA, and the concentrations of midchain mainly recognized parathyroid hormone (p-PTH1-84, intact parathyroid hormone (in-PTH1-84) and BGP in sera of patients with RA were measured. With concomitant progression in X-ray stage in RA, the levels of p-PTH1-84, in-PTH1-84, BGP, 25 (OH) D, and 24, 25 (OH)2D were significantly increased in sera of RA patients. The levels of 1,25 (OH)2D were not shown significant differences among RA patients classified by bone stage. These results might be concluded that the pathogenesis of the deteriorated bone change in RA seemed to be implicated in hyper-turnover bone presumably caused by the actions of parathyroid hormone and abnormal vitamin D metabolism. |