Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1747135 | A comparative study by morphometry of the microvasculature in normal and rheumatoid synovi | 1991 Dec | Vascularity is said to be increased (subjectively) in rheumatoid arthritis, yet synovial fluid is hypoxic and acidotic. Morphometry by image analysis was used to quantify vascularity in normal and rheumatoid synovium from the knee joint. Capillaries were distributed more deeply in the rheumatoid synovium (93.3 microns, compared with 32.5 microns in normal synovium) and were significantly less densely arranged (80.2/mm2 rheumatoid, 241.5/mm2 normal). The blood volume fraction fell from 2.9% in normal knee synovium to 1.2% in rheumatoid synovium. These results imply that there is impairment of O2 transfer, which contributes to the intraarticular hypoxia, in rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3665246 | Knee arthrodesis following total knee arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1987 Nov | Twenty-seven knees in 23 patients, all with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and failed total knee arthroplasty, were treated by arthrodesis. Twenty of the 27 knees were solidly fused. A fusion aligned in 7 degrees +/- 5 degrees of valgus and knee flexion from zero to 30 degrees was associated with the highest rate of arthrodesis, the lowest rate of progression of disease in other joints, and the highest functional scores. Stable fixation using either internal or external fixation gave the most predictable rate of arthrodesis. Persistent sepsis and bone stock losses were associated with failure of arthrodesis, even under the best circumstances. All of the 20 successfully arthrodesed knees were completely functional. | |
| 3812354 | Quantitative solid phase fluorescence immunoassay of rheumatoid factor and C-reactive prot | 1987 Feb | A quantitative, semiautomated, solid-phase fluorescence immunoassay (FIA) has been developed for measuring rheumatoid factor (RF) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The correlation of the FIA measurement of RF and CRP with standard measurements in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients is not known. To determine the correlation of FIA with standard assay methods, RF and CRP levels were measured by both methods in 151 patients with active RA. RF levels measured by FIA correlated very closely with charcoal agglutination method (r2 = 0.890, P less than 0.0001). CRP levels by FIA correlated very closely with CRP levels by nephelometric method (r2 = 0.886, P less than 0.0001) and Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR) (r2 = 0.356, P less than 0.0001). A weak statistical correlation of RF, CRP, and ESR with some clinical variables of RA disease activity was demonstrated. Measurement of RF and CRP by FIA is similar to standard methods and offers no specific advantages in evaluating RA patients at a single evaluation. | |
| 3559600 | Bilateral hip and knee replacement in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1986 | A series of 20 patients who had bilateral hip and knee replacement are reviewed and analyzed. Early surgical opinion should be sought before all four joints are irreparably destroyed and the patient is nonambulant so that the joints can be replaced one at a time, as necessary to maintain mobility. This considerably reduces stress to the patient, the surgeon, the nursing staff, and the rehabilitation team. The follow-up period ranged from 2 to 13 years. The early postoperative complications were few and the reoperation rate for aseptic loosening in this study was 3.75%. | |
| 2535329 | Selenium in rheumatoid arthritis. A historical prospective approach. | 1989 Jun | Time-dependent changes in serum selenium concentrations were studied in 28 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the concentrations were related to disease activity. The mean length of the observation period was 7.3 years and a mean of 6 analyses was performed for each patient. Serum selenium fluctuated with disease activity in most patients and a relatively low concentration was recorded in periods of high disease activity. Gold treatment had no influence on the selenium concentrations and selenium levels measured within the first year of the disease were not demonstrated to have any prognostic significance. | |
| 2439246 | HLA antigens and adult rheumatoid arthritis: a study with a monoclonal antibody. | 1987 Jan | Adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a very heterogeneous disease that is associated with HLA-antigens, although no absolute association has been found with any particular HLA type. Forty-one seropositive RA patients have been studied with a local monoclonal antibody named X1 21.4 (9w940), strongly associated with HLA-DRI, DR4, Drw10 antigens, to verify a possible correlation with the disease. The results obtained have also been compared with the data reported on MC1, a serologically defined determinant correlated with RA. X1 21.4 monoclonal antibody appears to be associated with the disease and it could identify one epitope involved in the susceptibility to RA. | |
| 3318724 | Effect of oestrogen treatment on clinical and laboratory manifestations of rheumatoid arth | 1987 Oct | The effect of administration of 12.5 micrograms ethinyloestradiol to 10 female patients with active rheumatoid arthritis was investigated in a prospective double blind crossover study. Some improvement during oestrogen treatment was found in 30 m walking time, haemoglobin concentration, and thrombocytosis. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C reactive protein (CRP) deteriorated in both periods, but less in the oestrogen period. Grip strength improved during both periods. The number of swollen joints decreased, whereas the joint tenderness score increased during the oestrogen period. | |
| 2213754 | Rheumatoid arthritis and comorbidity. | 1990 Jul | Data collected from 288 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) indicated that 54% of respondents also reported other chronic conditions, and that 20% rated at least one of these other conditions as severe. Both the frequency and severity of these comorbidities affected scores on measures of depressive symptoms, social connectedness and on the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales. These findings suggest that the absence of controls for comorbidity may bias measures of functional status among patients with RA. | |
| 3763224 | [Rheumatoid changes in the foot]. | 1986 Aug | The clinical importance, incidence and clinical appearance of foot deformities as a result of rheumatism are described. The pathomechanics of rheumatic deformities and the connection with inflammatory changes in the anterior and posterior parts of the foot are described. The possible types of conservative treatment are introduced briefly. The operative form of therapy is presented in detail and subdivided according to preventive and reconstructive measures in various parts of the foot. The peculiarities and subsequent requirements of the therapeutic procedure are addressed. | |
| 2009681 | Cellular basis for rheumatoid inflammation. | 1991 Apr | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic idiopathic disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the synovium, local destruction of bone and cartilage, and a variety of systemic manifestations. Although the etiologic stimulus has not been identified, rheumatoid synovitis is characterized by persistent immunologic activity, with CD4(+)/CD29(+) memory T cells prominently involved. Many of the local and systemic manifestations of RA appear to result from the production of a variety of cytokines within the inflamed synovium. A number of other inflammatory mediators produced in the rheumatoid synovium, including arachidonic acid metabolites, vasoactive amines, platelet-activating factor, and complement cleavage products contribute to the inflammatory process. In addition, the local production of immunoglobulin and the autoantibody, rheumatoid factor, along with the local production of immune complexes and complement activation, play a major role in the destructive potential of rheumatoid synovitis. The driving force behind rheumatoid inflammation, however, is likely to be CD4(+) T cells responding to an antigenic epitope in the synovium in an HLA-DR restricted manner. Understanding the immunopathogenic process underlying rheumatoid inflammation should provide insight into approaches to control the disease effectively and specifically. | |
| 1814264 | Leg length inequality in total hip replacement. | 1991 | Clinical and radiographic leg length inequality and pelvic tilt were measured in the erect posture in 36 patients before and after total hip replacement. Good correlation was observed between clinical and radiographic evaluations of pelvic tilt, assessed as height difference between iliac crests. Intraoperative alteration of leg length correlated well with changes in pelvic tilt but not with changes in true radiographic leg length inequality. It is suggested that adjustment of leg length during total hip arthroplasty should aim at correction of preoperative pelvic tilt observed during clinical and radiographic examination. True leg length, assessed as the height of the vertex of the femoral or prosthetic head is misleading. It does not reveal functional leg length, which is determined not only by the true leg length but also by the position of the hip joint on the pelvic wall. | |
| 3946976 | Rheumatoid arthritis associated with expanded populations of granular lymphocytes. | 1986 Mar | Two patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis developed severe neutropenia and increased numbers of large granular lymphocytes in the blood and bone marrow. These lymphocytes exhibited homogeneous surface membrane immunophenotypes of Leu5+, Leu11-, Leu4+, Leu3-, Leu2-, Leu7+ and Leu5+, Leu11+, Leu4+, Leu3-, Leu2+, Leu7-, respectively. In both patients, neutropenia was initially corrected with corticosteroid therapy; long-term improvement followed low-dose oral cyclophosphamide and methotrexate therapies. In these 2 patients and 12 previous patients with rheumatoid arthritis associated with expanded populations of immunophenotypically homogeneous large granular lymphocytes, neutropenia occurred in all 14, thrombocytopenia in 6, anemia in 7, and mild or moderate splenomegaly in 12. In contrast to Felty's syndrome, granular lymphocyte expansions in rheumatoid arthritis usually occur in older patients, may appear simultaneously with arthritis, and are usually associated with normal or elevated blood leukocyte counts. Mild hemocytopenias in these patients can often be managed with observation. Therapy with corticosteroids or immunosuppressive-cytotoxic drugs may be beneficial in more severe cases, but splenectomy is not recommended. | |
| 3086003 | The immunological consequences of gold therapy: a prospective study in patients with rheum | 1986 Mar | Gold sodium thiomalate (GST) is known to modify the disease process in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To help understand the mechanism of action of GST, several immunological parameters were prospectively evaluated in 10 patients with active RA following the introduction of gold therapy. Before therapy, absolute numbers of peripheral blood T suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes were significantly depressed (P less than 0.01) and a raised T helper/T suppressor cell ratio was found. After 1 g of GST, an absolute reduction in total lymphocyte numbers including HLA/DR positive mononuclear cells, was evident (P less than 0.01). This lymphopenic effect was not selective for a single population since the proportions of T cells, T cell subsets and B cells remained unchanged. Lymphocyte function was also examined. Raised in vitro production of IgG (P less than 0.01) and IgA (P less than 0.05) was found before therapy. After GST, in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis was reduced and this was significant with respect to the IgM (P less than 0.001) and IgA (P less than 0.01) isotypes. Similarly, a parallel reduction in serum immunoglobulin levels developed. GST therapy was also associated with a reduced proliferative response to phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen in the initial phase of gold administration. The significant finding in this study suggest that the in vivo immunosuppressive effect of GST is explained not only by impaired mononuclear cell function but also by a significant reduction in T and B lymphocyte numbers. | |
| 3425009 | [Value of physical therapy from the viewpoint of the patient. Results of a questionnaire]. | 1987 Sep | Physiotherapy is well regarded by all patients with diseases of the locomotor system. In a questionnaire aimed at the self-evaluation of "non-proven remedies", we offered hospitalized patients of the Rheumaklinik Bad Bramstedt questions regarding classical forms of physiotherapy. Of 1600 questionnaires distributed, 447 (27.9%) could be counted and analysed. Categorized into four major groups of rheumatic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis/inflammatory diseases of joints, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis and degenerative spine disease, including minor rheumatic complaints) we collected patients' opinions of different therapies. In addition, we set up a list of preferred therapies and a list of negative therapies, estimated as less helpful or even harmful, as well as a list of therapies which patients would like to try. The results confirm the value of classical methods of physiotherapy (exercises, pelotherapy, massage), which had a high degree of acceptance and effectiveness. | |
| 2059080 | Serum selenium concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 Jun | Selenium is a trace element and an essential part of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, which protects cells from oxidative damage. Selenium has been shown to have antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immune altering effects. Serum selenium concentrations in 101 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis were found to be significantly lower than those in 29 normal, healthy controls (mean (SD) 148 (42) v 160 (25) micrograms/l) and also lower than those in eight patients with fibrositis (148 (42) v 166 (25) micrograms/l). It is speculated that serum selenium concentrations may modulate the effect of viral or other infections in subjects with the appropriate genetic background and in this way enhance the development or progression of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3798024 | Binding of collagen type II to rheumatoid synovial cells. | 1986 Dec | Binding of biotin-labelled native and denatured collagen type II and of aggregated IgG to frozen sections of synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) was investigated with the help of an avidin-biotin-peroxidase (ABC) technique. A large number of lymphocyte-like and plasma cell-like cells within the investigated biopsies aggregated IgG, and can be assumed to produce rheumatoid factors. In five out of six cases a smaller number of lymphocyte-like and plasma cell-like cells bound native collagen type II. Denatured collagen type II bound mainly to cells within the synovial lining and to endothelial cells within the inflamed synovial tissues. Binding of denatured but not of native collagen II was abolished by preincubation with rabbit antibodies towards human fibronectin. It is suggested that the method described here, using biotinylated antigens, may be of value for the study of local antibody production via investigations on frozen tissue sections, and that local antibody production against native collagen type II occurs within the inflamed synovial tissues at least in some cases of rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile chronic arthritis. | |
| 2431644 | Gene conversion. A mechanism to explain HLA-D region and disease association. | 1986 | In speculating about mechanisms that might give rise to T-cell epitopes appearing within different HLA-DR frameworks, we return to the hypothesis expressed above that suggests that gene-conversion-like events might be involved in shuffling the hypervariable segments of HLA-D region exons into alternative HLA-D region frameworks where they will still be recognized by the T cell (but not typed by conventional serology or mixed lymphocyte typing) as the "disease associated" HLA product. This might well explain the lack of stringent association between rheumatoid arthritis and HLA-DR4. It is possible, through the use of such alloreactive T-cell clones, that we might eventually define subgroups based upon presumed genetic susceptibility markers, which might allow therapeutic or prognostic assignment of patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 2724247 | Pathogenesis of discovertebral and manubriosternal joint abnormalities in rheumatoid arthr | 1989 Mar | The precise pathogenesis of discovertebral lesions in rheumatoid arthritis has long been debated with the emergence of 2 conflicting theories: discovertebral extension of synovial inflammation from a neighboring articulation (Luschka, costovertebral joint) and repetitive discal trauma with Schmorl's nodes. In order to address this controversy, we performed a radiographic-pathologic correlation of a rheumatoid cadaver and compared the alterations seen in the cervical and lumbar discovertebral junction; we further included an evaluation of the manubriosternal joint, another cartilaginous articulation. Our data confirmed that advanced discovertebral lesions in the cervical and lumbar spine are related primarily to endplate failure that itself is caused by apophyseal joint destruction and segmental spinal instability, although inflammatory rheumatoid lesions of the cervical intervertebral discs probably arising from the Luschka joints are also evident. Conversely, the lesions of the manubriosternal joint were produced by inflammatory changes related to the development of a synovial cavity in the articulation. | |
| 3673143 | [Surgical treatment of patients with rheumatoid diseases]. | 1987 Aug 1 | The selection of surgery methods in the treatment of rheumatism, and the success one can expect, depends on the stage of the disease and the location of the affected joint(s). A distinction is made between preventive methods (synovectomy, tenosynovectomy, tenotomy, relocation or lengthening of tendons, capsulotomy) and reconstructive/corrective operations (corrective osteotomy, arthrodesis, plastic arthrectomy, alloarthroplasty). The author also points to the limits of operative therapy, especially as regards social rehabilitation. The accent in rheumatism orthopedics should gradually shift toward early preventive operation. | |
| 2697953 | [The laser therapy of rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1989 | About 300 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) underwent multimodality treatment including laser radiation of varying wavelengths. Use was made of helium-neon, infrared, argon and helium-cadmium lasers. A new method of combined laser therapy by radiation of helium-cadmium and helium-neon lasers is described. A scheme of optimal parameters and types of laser radiation recommended for the treatment of different clinical varieties of RA is provided. |