Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2791510 | General oral status in adults with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1989 Oct | The oral status of an adult population of 204 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was compared with that of an age and sex-matched random sample of non-rheumatic subjects. The percentage of edentulous subjects, number of existing teeth in dentate subjects, prevalence, and quality of fixed and removable prostheses and prevalence of disorders of the stomatognathic system was recorded. The percentage of edentulousness among RA-patients was 17% and among non-RA subjects 19%. Number of remaining teeth was equal. 75% of removable partial and 62% of complete dentures among RA-patients were considered unsatisfactory compared to 25% and 56% respectively among non-RA subjects. Disorders related to the TMJ occurred much more frequently among RA-patients than among non-RA subjects. It is suggested that thorough stomatognathic examination and TMJ-prophylaxis be included in the overall care of RA-patients. | |
| 2335052 | Osteopenia in rheumatoid arthritis: a biochemical, hormonal and histomorphometric study. | 1990 Mar | To determine whether the osteopenia of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is due to reduction of trabecular bone mass (TBV) and/or cortical width (CW), we evaluated these parameters by bone histomorphometry; we also measured the calciotropic hormones parathormone(PTH) and calcitonin (CT), vitamin D [25(OH)D] and the biological markers of bone remodeling in a group of patients with RA. Study subjects were divided into Group C - premenopausal patients, and Group A - menopausal patients and men of the same ages. These groups were compared to two age-matched control groups, B and D. In both A vs. B and C vs. D, TBV and CW were significantly lower in patients. There were no differences in PTH or CT, but 25(OH)D was significantly reduced, and BGP, OHP/Cr and AP were raised in patients. Patients also exhibited TBV loss in more than 55% and CW loss in more than 98%. These changes suggest that the decline in bone mass, mainly cortical, but also trabecular, is due to increased bone turnover and enhanced resorption and seem to reflect intrinsic alterations of RA. | |
| 2292468 | Effect in vitro of a bacterial extract (OM-89) on interleukin 1 and interleukin 2 producti | 1990 | The effect of a lyophilized extract from Escherichia coli strains (OM-89) on interleukin 1 and interleukin 2 production was studied by using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy volunteers and from patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since, in this autoimmune disease, an abnormal cytokine network has been already described. The secretion of interleukin 1 (IL-1) was investigated in supernatants of monocytes purified by adherence, and measured by the C3H/HeJ thymocyte co-mitogenic assay. OM-89 was able to induce the secretion of IL-1 by normal and RA monocytes to about half of the level reached when the same cells were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. The production of interleukin 2 (IL-2) was investigated in supernatants of PBMC, stimulated or not by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and mixed or not with various concentrations of OM-89. The level of IL-2 in supernatants, as measured by the stimulation of the CTLL2 murine cell line, was lower in RA supernatants than in control ones. In the presence of PHA and OM-89, the IL-2 production was enhanced and normalized in supernatants from RA patients. Such data may help to explain the clinical improvement previously reported in RA patients orally treated with OM-89. | |
| 3416568 | Methotrexate in refractory rheumatoid arthritis. | 1988 Jun | Fourteen patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis refractory to hydroxychloroquine, gold-thioglucose, D-penicillamine and azathioprine completed a 6-month open study with oral methotrexate (2.5 to 5 mg every 12 hours, three doses weekly). Twelve of them were followed up for 12 months. Compared with pretreatment values, there was a significant reduction in duration of morning stiffness (p less than 0.01), in the number of tender or painful joints (p less than 0.02), number of swollen joints (p less than 0.01), visual analog scale, patient's assessment of joint discomfort and overall well-being (p less than 0.01) after 2, 6 and 12 months. Likewise there was an improvement in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p less than 0.001) C-reactive protein (p less than 0.01) and the levels of IgG, IgM and IgA (p less than 0.01). Two patients were withdrawn from the study, one for severe diarrhoea and one because of a depression. Adverse reactions during methotrexate therapy included nausea (5/16) and transaminase elevation (4/16). We conclude that this pilot study provides evidence that a weekly low dose of methotrexate is effective in the short-term treatment for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, refractory to hydroxychloroquine, auriothioglucose, D-penicillamine and azathioprine. | |
| 3628492 | Hindfoot pain treated by a leg-hindfoot orthosis. A case report. | 1987 Sep | This case report describes an orthotic management option for the treatment of persistent subtalar and ankle joint pain in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Orthotic design, principles of control, and methods of application are discussed in addition to the advantages and disadvantages of prefabricated and custom-formed orthotic devices. | |
| 2962722 | Implant arthroplasty in the rheumatoid arthritic patient. | 1988 Jan | Implant arthroplasty was introduced with the intention that it would relieve pain, provide stability, provide motion, and allow the part to be mobilized. It is a relatively recent phenomenon and long-term results remain difficult to predict. | |
| 3608293 | Upper cervical instability in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1987 Aug | Upper cervical instability remains a significant problem for the patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Seventeen patients treated by upper cervical fusions for instability, were followed to determine the efficacy of our current treatment protocol. Improvement in neurologic status was observed in ten of 11 patients presenting with neurologic symptoms. In all patients with preoperative pain, improvement occurred at least one grade. However, complete amelioration of pain was noted in only five patients. A pseudarthrosis rate of 25% reflects the difficulty in achieving a solid arthrodesis in the patient with rheumatoid disease. Modification of the wedge compression technique may help ensure arthrodesis in rheumatoid patients. | |
| 1976276 | Restriction fragment length polymorphism of complement C4 in Japanese patients with rheuma | 1990 May | Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the two genes for complement C4A and C4B was studied in 56 Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 161 normal individuals. HindIII digestion revealed six common patterns, from which the segregation of three common RFLP-types were deduced; 32-15 kb, 32-25 kb, and 32-20-13-6.5 kb. The last type showed positive associations with C4B5 and HLA-DR4. In the RA patients, an increase of this type was found as well as a decrease of the 32-15 kb/32-25-15 kb heterozygotes. | |
| 2805830 | Nodular pulmonary opacities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A diagnostic dilemma. | 1989 Nov | Nodular opacities are a well-known pulmonary manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), occurring most often in seropositive men who smoke and have subcutaneous nodules. In the past 15 years two cases of lung carcinoma presenting as pulmonary nodules have been reported in patients with rheumatoid disease. We present seven patients with seropositive RA and subcutaneous nodules who had new pulmonary nodule(s) noted on chest roentgenograms. All but one were current smokers. Carcinoma was found in all patients at bronchoscopy or thoracotomy. Four patients had solitary nodules (one was cavitary); the remaining three patients had multiple bilateral nodules that cavitated in one case. All patients had interstitial abnormality (peribronchial/vascular thickening) with basal predominance in three, and there was evidence of pleural thickening/fluid in three patients. These results strongly suggest that histologic proof of presumed rheumatoid pulmonary nodules be obtained. | |
| 2646488 | Effect sizes for interpreting changes in health status. | 1989 Mar | Health status measures are being used with increasing frequency in clinical research. Up to now the emphasis has been on the reliability and validity of these measures. Less attention has been given to the sensitivity of these measures for detecting clinical change. As health status measures are applied more frequently in the clinical setting, we need a useful way to estimate and communicate whether particular changes in health status are clinically relevant. This report considers effect sizes as a useful way to interpret changes in health status. Effect sizes are defined as the mean change found in a variable divided by the standard deviation of that variable. Effect sizes are used to translate "the before and after changes" in a "one group" situation into a standard unit of measurement that will provide a clearer understanding of health status results. The utility of effect sizes is demonstrated from four different perspectives using three health status data sets derived from arthritis populations administered the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS). The first perspective shows how general and instrument-specific benchmarks can be developed and how they can be used to translate the meaning of clinical change. The second perspective shows how effect sizes can be used to compare traditional clinical measures with health status measures in a standard clinical drug trial. The third application demonstrates the use of effect sizes when comparing two drugs tested in separate drug trials and shows how they can facilitate this type of comparison. Finally, our health status results show how effect sizes can supplement standard statistical testing to give a more complete and clinically relevant picture of health status change. We conclude that effect sizes are an important tool that will facilitate the use and interpretation of health status measures in clinical research in arthritis and other chronic diseases. | |
| 3563489 | Antiarthritic gold compounds effectively quench electronically excited singlet oxygen. | 1987 Apr 3 | Although certain gold [Au(I)] compounds have been used effectively in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis for some years, the molecular basis for such therapeutic action has been unclear. One possible mechanism of the action of Au(I) compounds is that they protect unsaturated membrane lipids and proteins against oxidative degradation caused by activated phagocytes that are not properly regulated. In this study it has been shown that superoxide ion (O-2.), a product of activated phagocytes, can be oxidized to electronically excited singlet oxygen (O1(2)delta g), an agent that is capable of peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acid derivatives. It has also been shown that antiarthritic Au(I) compounds are effective deactivators of O1(2)delta g with quenching constants on the order of 10(7) M-1 sec-1. | |
| 2214431 | [An open lung biopsy case of follicular bronchiolitis in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1990 Jun | A 49 year-old Japanese female with a clinical history of rheumatoid arthritis for 15 years developed fever, cough, sputa and exertional dyspnea. A chest x-ray showed right-sided pleural lesions in addition to persistent hyperinflation of the lungs for about four years. Pulmonary function tests showed combined obstructive and restrictive dysfunction, increased residual volume and reduced diffusing capacity. After an improvement of the pleural lesions, she underwent a right open lung biopsy in December 1988 which revealed follicular bronchiolitis and fibrino-fibrous pleural thickening. The pulmonary lesion of follicular bronchitis/bronchiolitis was reported in 1985 as a newly recognized pulmonary disorder among open lung biopsy cases. The present case was the second biopsy proven case of follicular bronchiolitis among the Japanese. | |
| 3052053 | Hydroxychloroquine treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1988 Oct 14 | A variety of placebo-controlled and open studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The excellent responses to recurrent treatment in a sample patient illustrate the value of hydroxychloroquine. Because low daily doses of hydroxychloroquine are associated with greater ophthalmologic safety, it would be advantageous to use the smallest effective daily dose, but there are no published controlled efficacy studies using daily doses of less than 400 mg. Hydroxychloroquine may best be employed to treat patients with new onset of disease or those in whom disease is not rapidly progressive. Great potential exists for the use of hydroxychloroquine in combination therapy, but optimal utilization of combination regimens will require performances of additional controlled studies. | |
| 2228066 | Non-organ specific & organ specific antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1990 Aug | Fifty patients of rheumatoid arthritis clinically diagnosed (by ARA criteria) were studied for both non-organ specific [rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), extractable nuclear antibody (ENA), granulocyte specific anti-nuclear antibody (GS-ANA), anti-smooth muscle antibody (SMA) and anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA)] and organ specific, [anti-adrenal (AAA), anti-islet cell (ICA), antithyroid antibody (ATA) and anti-parietal cell (PCA)] auto antibodies. RF was positive in 80 per cent of patients. ANA was positive in 44 per cent of patients, ENA in 62 per cent, SMA in 20 per cent, AMA in 18 per cent and GS-ANA in 68 per cent. Of the organ specific antibodies, PCA was demonstrable in 28 per cent of the patients and none of the other antibodies were present. Circumstantial evidence indicates that ANA and GS-ANA are not synonymous but independent, cross-reacting entities and the presence of both increase the sensitivity (94%) of diagnosis of RA. | |
| 1948777 | [Possibilities of shoulder prostheses in arthritis]. | 1991 Sep | The most dramatic progress in shoulder surgery in the last 50 years has been the introduction of replacement arthroplasty for the treatment of posttraumatic, inflammatory and degenerative arthropathies. In rheumatoid arthritis shoulder replacement arthroplasty provides good and excellent subjective and objective middle- and long-term results in more than 80% of the patients. Above, all pain relief is reliable. The state of the rotator cuff and deltoid muscle at the time of operation determine the gain in function. Despite the high incidence of radiolucent lines about the prosthetic components, clinical loosening is rare. Actually the survival rate of shoulder prostheses is comparable to that of total hip and total knee prostheses. | |
| 2049577 | Susceptibility to and severity of rheumatoid arthritis in multicase families. | 1991 Jun | Fifteen sibships, each having two or more siblings affected by classical or definite RA were studied. They comprised 31 patients with RA (all in remission) and 21 normal siblings. The total severity index of RA was assessed by clinical and radiological indices. For all the patients the following investigations were carried out: (1) HLA antigens determination for nine antigens at A locus and 15 at B locus and 6 at DR locus; (2) rheumatoid factor. We found: (1) RA disease is genetically controlled and the responsible genes are linked to the HLA system; (2) association between seropositivity and DR4 and DR4/B27 genotypes; (3) significant effect of the genotype DR4/B27 on the age of onset; (4) association between the increase in disease severity both clinical and radiological and DR4/X and DR4/B27 phenotypes. Thus the genetic control is probably composed of two types of genes: disease susceptibility genes and disease severity genes linked to DR4/X and DR4/B27 phenotypes. | |
| 3118444 | Chondrocyte-derived cells and matrix at the rheumatoid cartilage-pannus junction identifie | 1987 | In the cartilage-pannus junction of 14 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and seven patients with osteoarthritis (OA), monoclonal antibodies to keratan sulphate (KS) and chondroitin sulphate (CS) stained a transitional fibroblastic zone (TFZ) within the pannus in nine RA patients and one OA patient. In three patients this was clearly localised to the cytoplasm of cells in this zone, but in all remaining cases KS and CS could be demonstrated in the surrounding matrix. This area was distinguished from adjacent pannus which contained many blood vessels and cells positive for MHC Class II antigen. Specific markers for glycosaminoglycans have been employed to demonstrate that chondrocyte-derived cells and matrix contribute to the changes seen at the cartilage-pannus junction in RA-affected joints. | |
| 2447712 | [Differential diagnostic value of nephelometrically determined protein fractions in the sy | 1987 Sep | Synovial fluids of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis with effusions of the knees were examined. Different parameters were evaluated out of the synovial fluid (immunglobulins, Complement-1Q,-3,-4, haptoglobins, alpha-1-anti-trypsin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, transferrin, ceruloplasmin, rheumatoid factors, total count of cells, and ragocytes) and out of the plasma (blood sedimentation rate). The proteins were analysed by a nephelometricturbidimetric automatic centrifugal analyser. All parameters have been tested by valuable statistical methods and correlated to each other. The results worked out proved the reliability of the used test kits and apparative systems. Correlations within groups of parameters according to their formations (intra-and/or extraarticular) could not have been worked out in a way as it may be supposed. In contrast some parameters themselves are statistically different comparing rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. In general the results are on a higher level in the rheumatoid arthritis group. Using all parameters mentioned above the statistical differential diagnostic level is based on about 94%. If only blood sedimentation rate, total cell count and ragocytes are evaluated the level is based on 68%. | |
| 2359995 | IL-6 in synovial fluids, plasma and supernatants from cultured cells of patients with rheu | 1990 | The purpose of this investigation was to measure interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in synovial fluid (SF) and plasma from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory arthritides (non-RA) and to examine the in vitro production of IL-6 by T cells and monocytes from SF and peripheral blood (PB). All patients had high levels of IL-6 in SF. Although the median level was higher in the group of non-RA arthritides, the difference was not statistically significant. Supernatants from both unstimulated and stimulated highly purified CD4+ and CD8+ cells from SF and PB did not contain IL-6, while high levels of IL-6 were detectable in supernatants of mononuclear cells (MNC) and plastic adherent cells without any specific in vitro stimulant. Since IL-6 is so readily produced by normal mononuclear cells in vitro without any specific stimulant, spontaneous in vitro production by SF MNC cannot be considered as evidence for in vivo production by the same cells. | |
| 3735272 | Cancer mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1986 Jun | Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 500 males and 500 females, aged 40 years and over, together with an age and sex matched control population, were observed over a 10-year period. The overall mortality was significantly higher in both men and women with RA than in the controls. During the followup, 42 patients with RA (28 males, 14 females) and 58 control subjects (36 males, 22 females) died from malignant neoplasms, but this difference was not statistically significant. A significant excess of deaths from neoplasms of the hematopoietic system was observed in patients with RA. Subjects without RA had significantly higher mortality rate from cancer of gastrointestinal origin than patients with RA. |