Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1814512 | An ultrastructural study of the synovial fluid (S.F.) in rheumatoid arthritis versus ankyl | 1991 Jul | Our studies focused on the cytomorphological and ultrastructural analysis of ten synovial fluid (S.F.) samples from patients with serum positive rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.) (latex 1/1280, 1/640 and Waaler-Rose 1/1024, 1/1512) as compared to five S.F. sampes from patients with peripheral ankylotic spondylarthritis (A.S.). The cytomorphological investigation aimed at defining the cellularity, ragocytosis and synoviocytogram. We found out that the average number of cells (R.A. = 8060/mm3; A.S. = 6100/mm3), percentage of ragocytes (R.A. = 75%; A.S. = 25%), polymorphonuclear cells (R.A. = 70%; A.S. = 58%), degradative polymorphonuclear cells (R.A. = 7%, A.S. = 3%) and phagocytic mononuclear cells (R.A. = 16%; A.S. = 13%) are by far larger in R.A. than in A.S., whereas the lymphocyte percentage is much more reduced (R.A. = 13%; A.S. = 26%). Ultrastructurally, the rheumatoid S.F. ragocytes present specific intracytoplasmic inclusions and phagolysosomes pointing to an endocytotic activity. At the level of the degradative polymorphonuclear cells (7% cytomorphologically confirmed), the alteration of the granular-fibrillar structure of the nucleus and the presence of some cytoplasmic lysis areas were associated with the absence of cellular organelles. We also noticed cellular and collagen detritus. In A.S. the ultrastructural effect on the polymorphonuclear cells is much more reduced (3%) as compared to R.A. and resides in the dilatation of both mitochondrial cristae and granularendoreticular cisternae as well as in a slight concentration of the fibrogranular nuclear matter. The cells are considerably active in endocytosis. The phagocytotic mononuclear cells of the rheumatoid S.F. and A.S. are morphologically identical to the immunologically activated macrophages.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 3213260 | [Induction of chemiluminescence of human granulocytes by monocyte factors from patients wi | 1988 May | The supernatant of peripheral blood monocytes, cultured with autologous sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, stimulates healthy human granulocytes to significantly elevated chemiluminescence (p = 0.05) compared with supernatants of monocytes from osteoarthritic patients or healthy volunteers. Cultures without autologous sera or with heat-inactivated sera demonstrate this effect less significantly (p = 0.05). The peak chemiluminescence is slightly correlated with the titer of rheumatoid factor (r = 0.42 in latex fixation, r = 0.45 in the Waaler-Rose test). The elevated release of monokines, especially interleukin I from monocytes of rheumatoid arthritis patients triggered by rheumatoid factors, immunocomplexes, complement compounds and other serum factors, may explain the phenomenon. | |
| 1943985 | [Serum level of beta-glucuronidase as potential indicator of disease activity in rheumatoi | 1991 Sep 15 | The lysosomal enzyme beta-glucuronidase is involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans to monosaccharides. beta-glucuronidase-activity has been found to correlate well with histomorphological changes in active arthritis. By use of a new--enzyme kinetic--assay serum activity of beta-glucuronidase was measured in 32 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 23 patients with systemic lupus erythematodes (sLE) and compared to 120 healthy volunteers. In 72% of the patients with RA and 65% of the patients with sLE increased beta-glucuronidase-activity was found (greater than 97.5. percentile of healthy volunteers). There was no correlation with an estimated score of disease activity, duration of morning stiffness, or blood sedimentation rate. The determination of beta-glucuronidase revealed increased serum levels in most of the patients with RA and sLE. The role of beta-glucuronidase as a predictor of joint destruction remains to be evaluated in a prospective study. For this evaluation the use of the enzyme-kinetic method described here is recommendable. | |
| 1847289 | Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase product formation and polymorphonuclear cell degranulation by | 1991 Feb | We studied the effect of tenidap sodium, a new antiinflammatory/antirheumatic drug (120 mg/day for 7 days), on eicosanoid production and neutrophil degranulation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Endogenous prostaglandin E2 levels and ex vivo production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) were measured in synovial fluid samples obtained at baseline and 1 week later. We measured peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) degranulation following surface-bound IgG stimulation, a possible 5-lipoxygenase product-mediated event, by determining lactoferrin and elastase release into the culture fluid. We found decreased levels of endogenous prostaglandin E2 as measured by radioimmunoassay, and decreased ex vivo production of LTB4 by PMN as measured by high performance liquid chromatography, in synovial fluid samples from patients who took tenidap. Release of the granule proteins lactoferrin and elastase was decreased in PMN obtained from patients receiving tenidap, as well as in the PMN incubated in vitro with tenidap. Improvement in clinical measures paralleled the biochemical changes. The unique 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory property of tenidap, as measured by LTB4 production and degranulation, suggests that it may have clinical activity which differentiates it from nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. | |
| 3382270 | Serum and synovial fluid adenosine deaminase activity in patients with rheumatoid arthriti | 1988 Jun | Adenosine deaminase activity was determined in paired samples of serum and synovial fluid taken from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 12), reactive arthritis (n = 13), and osteoarthritis (n = 7), and the value of this investigation in the diagnosis of synovial swellings was assessed. Increased activity was found in the synovial fluid taken from patients with rheumatoid disease and reactive arthritis, though values were less raised in the latter. Synovial fluid taken from patients with osteoarthritis did not show significantly raised adenosine deaminase activity as compared with that of normal controls (n = 3). | |
| 3236297 | Erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes are reduced in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1988 Nov | Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were determined in erythrocytes isolated from 17 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and from 19 with osteoarthritis of the knee joints as controls. In a comparison of the 2 groups, it was found that the activities of these 3 antioxidant enzymes were significantly decreased in patients with RA. This indicates that erythrocytes in patients with RA might be injured more easily by oxy radicals which are endogenously generated in red blood cells. | |
| 3734568 | Wrist arthrodesis as part of composite surgery of the hand. | 1986 Jun | A simple, quick and reliable method of arthrodesis of the wrist joint enables other surgical procedures to be carried out at the same time under the same tourniquet, thus reducing strain upon the patient and the hospital services. | |
| 11188582 | Rheumatoid arthritis patients and clinical drug trials. A case-control study. | 1991 Mar | In order to understand better why patients do or do not participate in clinical drug trials, we sent questionnaires to 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who participated in clinical drug trials at our center and to 100 RA patients with similar disease durations who did not participate in clinical drug trials at our center. We compared demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical characteristics of respondents. Those who participated and those who did not participate in clinical drug trials selected similar rank-order preferences of potential reasons for doing so. The most frequent reasons cited by participants and nonparticipants were physician recommendation (50% and 56%) and benefit to society (25% and 17%). Participants and nonparticipants were similar in reference to their age, sex, educational level, reported income per household, employment status, distance from the medical center, disease duration, number of tender joints, American Rheumatism Association functional class, and mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate variables. There were two differences between the groups: participants included a lower percentage of blacks and had a greater number of swollen joints. Even with those exceptions, we concluded that participants in clinical trials appear to be comparable to the general population of RA patients followed at our outpatient department. | |
| 3365027 | Functional affinity of IgM rheumatoid factor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and oth | 1988 Apr | The functional affinity of IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) was measured in 31 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 24 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 13 with Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and in 13 seropositive healthy individuals. The functional affinity of IgM RF from patients with RA was significantly lower than in the other clinical groups studied. In addition, there was a significant inverse correlation between functional affinity and titre of IgM RF in all the groups. These results suggest that the usual mechanisms of affinity based selective pressure (somatic diversification and antigen selection) may operate differently for autoantibodies to serum antigens such as IgG. | |
| 3712123 | The in vivo kinematics of the rheumatoid wrist. | 1986 | The objectives of this study were to describe the three-dimensional in vivo kinematic behavior of wrists affected by rheumatoid arthritis, to correlate kinematic parameters and two radiographic indices of carpal disease, and to describe the in vivo kinematic behavior of the Swanson Silastic wrist implant. Fifteen normal wrists, 17 rheumatoid wrists, and 7 wrists with Silastic wrist implants were tested using a three-dimensional sonic digitizing system. The motion of the hand segment relative to the forearm segment, corresponding to the positions exhibited during flexion-extension motion (FEM) and radial-ulnar deviation (RUD), was described using the equivalent screw displacement (ESD) concept. The mean magnitudes of ESD rotation for both FEM and RUD were statistically different (p less than 0.05) among the normal, rheumatoid, and implant groups. The remaining ESD parameters (i.e., mean values for the translation, the direction angles of the ESD axis, and the intercepts of this axis with the planes of motion), the minimum separation between the FEM and RUD axes, and the coordinates of the midpoint of this separation were not statistically different (p greater than 0.05) among the normal, rheumatoid, and implant groups. The two radiographic indices (carpal collapse and carpal translation) did not correlate with the magnitude of rotation or with any other ESD parameter. | |
| 2559741 | Influence of Epstein-Barr virus infection on B lymphocyte responses in patients with rheum | 1989 Dec | The influence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection on clinical and serological features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were studied. Patients with in-vivo activated, in-vitro spontaneously proliferating EBV-infected B lymphocytes had higher levels of serum IgG and IgA, and tended to have more extensive disease. The finding of in-vivo activated EBV-transformed B cells was not specific for RA but was also seen in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. When supernatants of spontaneously proliferating B-cell lines from patients with RA were studied, autoantibody reactivities comparable with those from patients with infectious mononucleosis were detected. These observations suggest that EBV infection might have a profound influence on B-lymphocyte responses and clinical course in patients with RA. | |
| 2407793 | Rupture of the extensor pollicis longus tendon after Colles fracture and by rheumatoid art | 1990 Feb | During the period 1973-1986, 116 patients with rupture of the extensor pollicis longus tendon were operated upon. The lesions were categorised into three anatomical levels: proximal, intermediate and distal. Direct suture was performed for acute lesions; later reconstructive procedures were by means of tendon transfers or free tendon grafts. | |
| 2283202 | Comparative proliferation of non-rheumatoid and rheumatoid human synovial cells. | 1990 | While normal synovial membrane cells have a very long doubling time, rheumatoid arthritis increases cell turn-over leading to the formation of a pannus. We studied the comparative proliferative behaviour in culture of synoviocytes of rheumatoid (RA) and non-rheumatoid (NR) origin in order to evaluate the usefulness of this model to investigate the drugs used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. First-passage cultures of cells from patients with clinically defined non-inflammatory joint disease or rheumatoid arthritis were observed for 8 days. In the presence of various combinations of supplemented media, 3H-thymidine incorporation, protein content and cell density were assessed. In addition to a relationship between the fetal calf serum (FCS) concentration and cell growth, it was found that RA cells proliferated more rapidly than NR cells. In 1% FCS, protein content and cell density increased in RA cultures whereas NR synoviocytes accumulated in the quiescent phase. In 5% and 10% FCS, RA cells responded more strongly than NR in terms of protein and DNA synthesis and cell division. After 48 hours of relative FCS deprivation, NR cells abruptly started to proliferate; the response of RA cultures was delayed, but the synoviocytes quickly reached preconfluence. | |
| 2877851 | 5-Aminosalicylic acid or sulphapyridine. Which is the active moiety of sulphasalazine in r | 1986 | Thirty patients with active rheumatoid arthritis participated in an open study of 6 months' treatment with either 5-aminosalicylic acid or sulphapyridine, the two moieties of sulphasalazine. Patients were assessed at regular intervals using a number of clinical and biochemical tests designed to detect specific antirheumatic activity. Patients taking sulphasalazine showed significant improvement in most parameters of disease activity, but those taking 5-aminosalicylic acid did not improve despite the fact that high serum concentrations of 5-aminosalicylic acid and acetyl 5-aminosalicylic acid were achieved. These results suggest that sulphapyridine is the active moiety of sulphasalazine. Its possible mode of action is discussed. Nausea was a frequent problem in patients taking sulphapyridine. Unless this problem can be overcome, sulphapyridine is unlikely to offer any therapeutic advantages over sulphasalazine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 1675329 | Effects of occupational therapy home service on patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 Jun 15 | Because there is little information about the efficacy of home occupational therapy, we decided to assess the effects of a home service on patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 105 patients aged 18-70 years, on stable medical therapy, were randomised to receive a 6-week comprehensive programme of occupational therapy (experimental group, 53 patients) or to receive no such treatment (control group, 52). At 6 weeks, control patients received the experimental regimen, and experimental patients were continued on treatment as needed up to 12 weeks. Outcomes were measured at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks with a global functional capacity score (functional score). At 6 weeks the functional score for the experimental group was significantly higher than that for the control group (mean difference = 8.1, 95% Cl 1.7 to 15.8, p = 0.012). Control patients at 12 weeks showed a similar improvement to experimental patients at 6 weeks, and between 6 and 12 weeks the experimental patients were stable. Occupational therapy leads to a statistically significant and clinically important improvement in function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3493387 | Ciamexone, a highly selective immunomodulator--a tool for autoimmune diseases? | 1986 Dec 15 | Both organ-specific diseases such as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus as well as non organ-specific disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis are thought to be autoimmune in origin. Both T-cell and B-cell mediated immune responses are involved in these diseases. More or less specific immunosuppressants are therefore widely used drugs in the treatment of autoimmune diseases which, however, suppress the immune reactions not only against autoantigens but also against foreign antigens. Cyclosporine (Cyclosporin A) has been a tremendous step forward in a more specific direction but it creates problems in the long term treatment of autoimmune diseases due to the impairment of immune reactions against foreign antigens as well as to compound specific side effects. Ciamexone, a new highly selective immunomodulator, might be an interesting new approach in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The compound has had effect in different experimental autoimmune situations such as the diabetic BB-rat and experimentally-induced arthritis in mice or rats. The compound does not show antiproliferative activity on T-lymphocytes or B-lymphocytes. The immune response against foreign antigens, e.g. foreign major histocompatibility complex, viral or fungal antigens is not impaired. On the other hand, however, Ciamexone suppresses the antibody production in different animal systems. It is likely that Ciamexone exhibits its immunosuppressive property via the induction of regulating mechanisms. Due to its remarkably good tolerance, Ciamexone has been used in first pilot trials in different human autoimmune situations such as rheumatoid arthritis and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 2115261 | MR imaging of the knee in acute rheumatoid arthritis: synovial uptake of gadolinium-DOTA. | 1990 Aug | In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the presence of acute synovial inflammation is an indication of the activity of the disease. It is an important finding because it often influences therapeutic decisions. However, acute synovitis may be difficult to detect by clinical examination, especially if a joint effusion also is present. As gadolinium tetra-azacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (Gd-DOTA) can be expected to accumulate in areas of acute inflammation, we studied the value of Gd-DOTA-enhanced MR to determine the presence of acute synovitis. Nine patients with current knee symptoms underwent MR examination of the knee. Short and long TR/TE MR images were obtained with a 0.3-T magnet before and immediately after IV administration of Gd-DOTA. A 15-min delayed short TR/TE image also was obtained. Of eight patients with moderate to severe clinical evidence of acute synovitis, six had marked increase and two had moderate increase in signal intensity from synovial tissue on the short TR/TE image obtained immediately after administration of contrast material. In the ninth patient, who had minimal synovitis clinically, the signal from the synovium did not change after administration of contrast material. No difference was seen between the enhancement pattern on the immediate and the 15-min delayed images. These results suggest that Gd-DOTA is taken up by inflamed synovium and that Gd-DOTA-enhanced MR scans may be useful in detecting acute synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 1715732 | Immunotherapy and other novel therapies. | 1991 Jun | Although no true breakthroughs occurred, publications during the 12-month period of this review added substantial definition to certain novel immunotherapies potentially applicable to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Overall, this period witnessed maturation in the field of biologic interventions. Clinical trials provided further data needed to assess the efficacy of high-dose intravenous gamma-globulin therapy in patients with systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and extended uncontrolled experience with interferon-gamma in adult rheumatoid arthritis was obtained. An intriguing immunostimulant and antiviral drug, isoprinosine (inosine pranobex), failed in a scientifically rigorous trial in rheumatoid arthritis. Provocative insights into totally new approaches surfaced in additional reports from a variety of immunologic areas. Although seemingly distal to rheumatoid arthritis, these papers are cited because their further development or adaptations could reach a stage where clinical trials in rheumatoid arthritis are warranted. | |
| 3792428 | Transsynovial distribution and protein binding of pirazolac in patients with rheumatoid ar | 1986 | Following a washout period of 7 days, twenty-one patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and 3 from osteo-arthritis, who all required articular puncture were given a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug pirazolac 450 mg b.d. for 7 days. After discontinuation of the treatment the subjects were divided into 4 groups each of 6 patients. The non protein bound fraction of pirazolac in synovial fluid (0.86%) was significantly higher than that in plasma (0.53%). The average pirazolac concentration in plasma within the dosing interval fluctuated between 30.9 micrograms/ml and 59 micrograms/ml, and in synovial fluid between 16.6 micrograms/ml and 29.9 micrograms/ml. The half-life of pirazolac calculated from the measured and interpolated data from all patients was 30.9 h in plasma and 66.2 h in synovial fluid. The absolute free concentrations in plasma and synovial fluid (approx. 250 ng/ml) were in the range of the IC50-values for inhibition of cyclooxygenase in mouse peritoneal macrophages. | |
| 2320200 | [Spinal fusions in rheumatic dislocation of the cranio-cervical transition]. | 1990 Mar | In 37 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis fusions of the cranio-cervical region were performed. The different techniques of fusions are reported and their complications and rate of pseudoarthrosis are mentioned. In detail a modified technique of transarticular screwing according to the method of Magerl are given. |