Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3499461 | Human monoclonal IgG rheumatoid factor has structural homology with bacterial Fc receptor | 1987 Nov 1 | A cloned lymphoblast cell line, hRF-1, that secreted human monoclonal IgG4 rheumatoid factor autoantibody was produced by Epstein-Barr virus transformation of lymphocytes from rheumatoid arthritis synovium. The binding of hRF-1 rheumatoid factor to IgG globulins of different mammalian species was similar to the binding specificity of Staphylococcus aureus protein A (SpA) and to antibodies found in the sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. hRF-1 also had the same binding pattern to human IgG subclasses as SpA. Direct competition was observed between SpA and hRF-1 in binding IgG Fc. These results provide evidence for structural homology between a bacterial Fc receptor protein (SpA) and the monoclonal IgG rheumatoid factor. | |
| 1909216 | The defective in vitro expression of interferon-gamma messenger RNA in rheumatoid arthriti | 1991 Oct 1 | Circulating T lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were found to produce low concentrations of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and express low amounts of this messenger RNA (mRNA) in response to stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). In this study, we have examined the superinduction effect of cycloheximide (CHX) on the IFN-gamma mRNA expression in PHA-stimulated T lymphocytes from nine patients with active RA compared to three healthy individuals. When CHX was added 6 hr postactivation, the expression of IFN-gamma mRNA in RA patients increased significantly at 24 and 48 hr (P less than 0.01) and reached levels similar to those observed in controls. We suggest that posttranscriptional events could play a role in the defective production of IFN-gamma observed in RA. | |
| 3048808 | Decreased expression of CD7 occurs in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1988 Jun | To evaluate the possibility of antigenic modulation in vivo, we studied the expression of the CD7 antigen on the surface of peripheral blood and intrasynovial lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This disease is noted for features predicting changes in CD7: (1) increased expression related to activation during an immune response through possible contact with 'disease associated antigens' and (2) decreased expression associated with lymphocytes moving through tissue. We found a highly significant decrease of CD7 on RA T cells in vivo (P less than 10(-4] that was not related to disease activity, drug ingestion, or abnormalities in the ability of RA T cells to express or modulate the antigen in vitro. Similar decreased expression was observed on many intrasynovial T cells that were nevertheless activated as measured by expression of activation markers such as Act I (a late lymphocyte activation antigen) and Act II (the transferrin receptor). Decreased expression of CD7 occurs naturally in vivo in RA; this observation may have future significance in better understanding the immunopathogenesis of this disease. | |
| 3532966 | Cyclosporin treatment for rheumatoid arthritis: a placebo controlled, double blind, multic | 1986 Sep | The efficacy and safety of cyclosporin for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were assessed in a six month double blind, placebo controlled, multicentre study. The initial dosage of the drug was 10 mg/kg daily for two months. There were many discontinuations in both the cyclosporin group (eight out of 17) and the placebo group (six out of 19). Of the patients who completed the six months of therapy, those who had received cyclosporin showed a significant improvement in the number of swollen joints, the Ritchie articular index, and pain at active movement and at rest, compared not only with their condition at the start of the study, but also with the end results of the placebo group. Major adverse reactions to the drug were gastrointestinal disturbances and nephrotoxicity, which were probably due to the relatively high dosages of cyclosporin given in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. | |
| 3393845 | [Acadione, a new long-term treatment of rheumatoid polyarthritis]. | 1988 Apr 30 | This article summarizes the authors' experience and data from the literature regarding acadione, a medication like D-penicillamine with a thiol radical, in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Two control studies versus placebo and two control trial versus D-penicillamine prove the effectiveness of the treatment and demonstrate a similar activity between 1 g of acadione and 600 mg of D-penicillamine. The side-effects of acadione are similar of those of D-penicillamine, essentially rash, toxic dermatitis, agueusia, proteinuria, which disappear upon discontinuation of the treatment. The fact that the patient exhibited a side effect with D-penicillamine, increases, the risk with acadione, but this is not systematic, which is the main advantage of this product. | |
| 1767556 | [Radiologic and sonographic screening study of shoulder joints of patients with rheumatoid | 1991 Oct | In the course of a prospective study at our department the shoulder joints of 50 RA-patients were examined. Two criteria have been applied: only righthanded patients have been examined in order to ascertain any prevalence of changes in the dominant extremity, and only patients who were primarily admitted to our department because of complaints other than those of the shoulder. Examination consisted of anamnesis, clinical tests, radiography and sonography. Reports in the literature concerning involvement of 60%. This percentage was confirmed in our clinical and radiological examinations. If, however, sonography is used, it increases to 96%. Lesions of the rotator cuff can be demonstrated, beginning on the synovial side above bone erosions, without any clinical signs or radiographic changes. Radiographic changes have been rated according to Larsen stages 0-5. Upward migration of the humeral head already before massive bone destruction of the shoulder seems to confirm an early involvement of the rotator cuff. Involvement of the acromioclavicular joint begins with Larsen stage 2 and often includes a distension of the joint cavity. The dominant extremity was not found to be affected predominantly. The therapeutic consequences resulting from this examination are discussed. | |
| 2202552 | A comparison of flurbiprofen and naproxen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a Cana | 1990 | A 6-week double-blind, parallel controlled, randomized study was carried out to compare the efficacy and tolerability of 100 mg flurbiprofen twice daily with 375 mg naproxen twice daily in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. One hundred and six patients from five centres were evaluable; 52 from the flurbiprofen group and 54 from the naproxen group. Evaluation of the primary efficacy parameters demonstrated no difference in efficacy between the treatment groups. In general, the results of evaluation of the secondary efficacy parameters also supported similar improvement for both treatment groups. The overall incidence of adverse clinical/laboratory experiences was similar between the treatment groups. Five patients, 3 flurbiprofen and 2 naproxen-treated, discontinued the study, all because of gastro-intestinal intolerance. | |
| 3304050 | Methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. Indications, contraindications, efficacy, and safety | 1987 Sep | Evidence on the safety and efficacy of methotrexate as a second- or third-line agent for treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis is reviewed. Four placebo-controlled clinical trials have documented short-term benefit from methotrexate; although true remission is rare, patients receiving methotrexate showed a 26% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17% to 35%) greater improvement in their inflamed joint count and a 39% (95% CI, 26% to 51.5%) greater improvement in pain than did controls receiving nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents with or without prednisone. With respect to long-term benefit, improvement usually occurs within 1 month, reaching a maximum at 6 and then leveling off for the duration of treatment; in some patients, the benefit may wane after an initial satisfactory response in the first 4 to 6 months. In one third of those given methotrexate, treatment had to be discontinued because of adverse effects, less than 1% of which were life threatening. Careful baseline and follow-up monitoring is recommended until more data on the safety of methotrexate are available. | |
| 3058537 | A comparison of dothiepin versus placebo in the treatment of pain in rheumatoid arthritis | 1988 Sep | The effectiveness of dothiepin (a tricyclic anti-depressant) at a dose of 75 mg given orally at night was compared with placebo for 4 weeks in alleviating pain in 60 patients with classical or definite active rheumatoid arthritis. Patients were classified as either 'depressed' or 'not depressed'. The week before, during and 2 weeks after the study, 600 mg ibuprofen was given orally three times daily to all patients. Compared with placebo, dothiepin produced a significant reduction in daytime pain by the end of the treatment period. The Hamilton rating scale in 'depressed' patients was significantly improved in patients given dothiepin. The Cassano-Castrogiovanni self-evaluation rating scale in both 'depressed' and 'not depressed' patients showed a tendency (not significant) to be improved following dothiepin treatment compared with placebo. These results suggest that patients with rheumatoid arthritis may experience an increase in pain symptoms due to an alteration of mood. Therapy with tricyclic anti-depressants, such as dothiepin, therefore, may determine an improvement of pain indexes besides having an anti-depressant effect. | |
| 3735275 | Bronchoalveolar lavage--a sensitive tool for early diagnosis of pulmonary involvement in r | 1986 Jun | Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed to assess the nature of pulmonary involvement in 12 asymptomatic nonsmoking patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). All 12 patients had normal lung function tests, including diffuse capacity for carbon monoxide and normal blood gases. Four patients (33%) had mild basilar interstitial changes on chest radiographs. In these 4 patients an elevated lymphocytic count in BAL fluid (30.7 +/- 8.3%) was found, as compared to the 8 patients with normal chest roentgenograms (7.2 +/- 1.9%; p less than 0.001). We suggest that BAL may be used as a sensitive tool for early diagnosis of pulmonary involvement in patients with RA. | |
| 2552770 | Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid phospholipase A2 activating protein (PLAP) stimulates | 1989 Jun | Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by excessive eicosanoid production, and phospholipase enzymes are the rate limiting step in eicosanoid synthesis. We have shown previously that cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis express enhanced phospholipase A2 enzyme activities. Recently, we have isolated a phospholipase A2 activating protein termed PLAP from rheumatoid synovial fluid. This novel human protein shares biochemical and antigenic similarities with melittin, a bee venom phospholipase activating protein. Because melittin has been shown to induce neutrophil degranulation and superoxide formation, and because exuberent release of lysosomal enzymes and superoxide have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, we examined the role of PLAP on inducing these neutrophil functions. | |
| 3261591 | Complement C4B-null alleles in Felty's syndrome. | 1988 Aug | C4A and C4B allotypes were compared in 20 patients with Felty's syndrome (FS), 52 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 55 control subjects. Nineteen of the FS patients had HLA-DR4. A C4B-null allele was more frequent in the patients with FS (60%) than in either the RA patients (15%) or the control subjects (26%). Only the differences between patients with FS and those with RA remained statistically significant when DR4 positive subjects were compared. The C4B null allele may identify individuals within the rheumatoid population who are at risk of developing particular systemic complications. | |
| 3316363 | Radiographic features of gout in the foot. | 1987 Sep | The radiographic findings associated with gout have been widely reported since their initial description by Huber in 1896 (1). This review will describe the characteristic alterations associated with involvement of the foot by gout, as well as several less common manifestations of the disease at this site. Brief consideration is also given to the radiographic differential diagnosis of gouty arthritis affecting the foot. | |
| 1681585 | [Treatment of rheumatoid spondylarthritis with salazosulfapyridine]. | 1991 Jul | Salazosulfapyridine (salazopyrin) (SASP) is effective basic treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) after failure or intolerance of antimalarials or gold salts. Sulfapyridine is the active part of the molecule. Its mechanism of action probably involves anti-inflammatory activity as well as effects on cells participating in immune reactions. Adverse reactions occur in approximately one third of cases, in the majority of instances during the first three months of treatments. Simple digestive upsets are the commonest, but SASP may be responsible for sometimes severe cutaneous, hematological and hepatic reactions. The sometimes delayed onset of intolerance reactions justifies continuous monitoring of laboratory parameters. Results obtained with SASP are sometimes prolonged and therapeutic maintenance rates are similar to those seen with other basic treatment for RA. The use of SASP in RA should be tried before methotrexate in relatively early forms of the disease. | |
| 2891456 | Urinary enzyme activities in patients treated with gold and other antirheumatic drugs. | 1987 Oct | We have studied 48 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), except salicylates, in 31 of whom parenteral gold was associated as therapeutic agent. In order to assess initial tubular involvement, the activities of some urinary enzymes were measured: N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG, EC 3.2.1.30), microsomal amino-peptidase (MAP, EC 3.4.11.2) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT; EC 2.3.2.2). Results were compared with a control group of 51 subjects of similar age, with no rheumatic symptoms and normal renal function. Both groups of patients (31 with gold therapy and 17 without) showed a significantly increased activity of NAG in urine, but the increase was greater in those treated with gold. MAP and GGT were not elevated significantly in either group. There was no correlation, however, between the increase of NAG and the cumulative dose of gold. NAG, MAP and GGT activities in serum yielded no relevant information. All the usual tests of renal function were also normal. Determination of NAG in urine may be regarded as a sensitive test, capable of detecting selective involvement of renal tubular cells, whose final diagnostic and prognostic significance merits further evaluation. | |
| 2966694 | Effects of aspirin, naloxone and placebo. | 1987 Dec | This study was designed to examine the effects of aspirin, naloxone and placebo treatment on serum beta-endorphin concentration and joint pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ten patients with definite or classical RA were studied. All treatments were administered in a randomized sequence. On each study day, the following measurements were carried out at specified time intervals: serum beta-endorphin concentration, serum salicylate concentration and joint pain score on a visual analogue horizontal scale. We conclude that in patients with rheumatoid arthritis suffering from chronic joint pain, serum beta-endorphin does not appear to play a role in pain relief. | |
| 3071496 | Alternative therapies for high-risk elderly rheumatic patients. | 1988 | The main high-risk conditions among elderly rheumatic patients are peptic ulcer, renal or hepatic insufficiencies, and bleeding problems (either spontaneous or iatrogenic). Because the incidence of these conditions is significant, elderly patients should be monitored for them regularly. Although nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) generally are avoided, these agents can be used in selected patients. High-risk elderly rheumatoid arthritis patients can be given prednisone and a carefully chosen disease-modifying antirheumatic drug. Although analgesics can be used instead of NSAIDs, their efficacy is poor. Local therapy, i.e. intraarticular injections, and even surgery are good alternative resources. In Europe, patients with osteoarthritis are often treated with NSAIDs. High-risk elderly patients may receive sufficient relief with analgesics. If relief is not adequate, hip or knee total prosthesis procedures must be performed earlier than would normally be done. | |
| 2290083 | Fatal fat embolism following total condylar knee arthroplasty. | 1990 Dec | Although fatality from fat emboli syndrome following total knee arthroplasty has been reported, most cases occurred following the insertion of hinged prostheses and few are documented with detailed pathology. The authors present the case of a 75-year-old patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis who underwent a total condylar type total knee arthroplasty procedure using an intramedullary femoral alignment system and expired 6 hours following surgery. On autopsy he had multiple organ involvement with fat emboli. Especially with the present use of intramedullary alignment systems and the increasing numbers of one-stage bilateral total knee arthroplasty procedures the potential for this problem must be recognized so that early therapy can be instituted. | |
| 2014734 | Effects on leukocyte function by arthroplasty. Thromboplastin activity and oxygen-derived | 1991 Apr | We examined thromboplastin activity (TA) of monocytes and release of oxygen-derived free radicals (ODRFs) from monocytes and granulocytes before and after implantation of a hip or a knee prosthesis in 7 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in 8 patients with arthrosis. Monocyte TA rose threefold on the first postoperative day in the rheumatoid patients, but was unaltered postoperatively in the arthrosis patients. Granulocyte chemiluminescence doubled in the arthrosis group on the second postoperative day, but was unaltered in the rheumatoid patients. Monocyte chemiluminescence was not influenced by the operation. Thus, leukocytes from the rheumatoid patients responded differently from surgical trauma when compared with leukocytes from the arthrosis patients. This difference may have an impact postoperatively. | |
| 1949902 | Metabolism of low-dose paracetamol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 May | 1. Low dose (500 mg) paracetamol (acetaminophen) was administered to patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to age-matched healthy controls and to hospital controls. 2. At this dose level, patients with RA excreted decreased amounts of paracetamol sulphate (controls means 11.3 +/- 5.1, 10.6 +/- 5.9; RA mean 3.02 +/- 3.7). This difference is statistically significant (P less than 0.001). 3. The mean ratio of excretion of paracetamol sulphate/paracetamol glucuronide was 5.6 +/- 12.1, 5.3 +/- 10.7 in controls but 2.1 +/- 2.7 in RA patients (P less than 0.001). 4. Patients with RA appear to have less capacity for excreting paracetamol as non-toxic conjugates and may be more susceptible to paracetamol toxicity, especially on chronic dosage. |