Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3491765 | Influence of atmospheric factors on the rheumatic diseases. | 1987 Jan 15 | There appears to be ample evidence to conclude that various meteorological factors do exert a significant impact on some people with various rheumatic diseases. The data is, however, crude relative to our general understanding. Most of this research on RA has dealt with the primary signs and symptoms of inflammation. We know, however, many of the chemical mediators of inflammation. It seems like a logical progression of research to determine the effects of the meteorological/atmospheric factors of concern on these specific intrinsic mediators of inflammation. In general, gout can be very well controlled through medication. The evidence suggests, however, that we may gain a much better understanding of how atmospheric factors such as temperature can effect the body through changes in its physico-chemical processes by using Gout as a model. The work with SLE has already yielded useful applications. Sun screening pharmaceuticals have been quite successful in reducing exacerbations of symptoms. But we don't know why only some people are photosensitive. The previous research on the effects of atmospheric factors on the rheumatic diseases has illustrated key issues in methodology: large sample sizes are critical, objective and quantifiable disease variables are important, the variables measured must be specific to the questions investigated, the diseases investigated must be as specifically and accurately defined as possible, and the various aspects of 'weather' to be investigated must be specifically defined and quantified. It is apparent that there is much more important and useful work to be performed before we can understand the effects of atmospheric factors on the rheumatic diseases. | |
| 3030805 | Biologically significant scavenging of the myeloperoxidase-derived oxidant hypochlorous ac | 1987 Mar 9 | Ascorbic acid, at physiological concentrations, can scavenge the myeloperoxidase-derived oxidant hypochlorous acid at rates sufficient to protect alpha 1-antiprotease against inactivation by this molecule. The rapid depletion of ascorbic acid at sites of inflammation, as in the inflamed rheumatoid joint, may therefore facilitate proteolytic damage. | |
| 2093442 | Azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil. | 1990 Dec | Immunosuppressive agents serve a major role in the management of once-fatal conditions such as the systemic necrotizing vasculitides, but they are also being used in more common, chronic inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. The drugs are all capable of reducing cell division but they differ in their modes of action. This is in keeping with their differing rates of action, and different indications. Azathioprine is a valuable alternative to slow-acting antirheumatic drugs in older patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cyclophosphamide has transformed the outlook of many forms of vasculitis. Chlorambucil is particularly useful in improving the prognosis for children with amyloidosis secondary to juvenile chronic arthritis. We have tried to highlight the role of these drugs in a number of rheumatic diseases. We have emphasized their clinical applications, with some laboratory evidence for their effects. The major side-effects are reviewed. Finally, we have discussed their possible mechanisms of action. | |
| 3017369 | Correlation between the presence of antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen t | 1986 Aug | The incidence of antibodies to Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen type 2 (EBNA-2) was determined in sera from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and control subjects, by protein immunoblotting. Sixty-eight percent of the RA patients and 48% of the controls possessed anti-EBNA-2 antibodies. The titer of anti-rheumatoid arthritis nuclear antigen (RANA) in RA patient sera showed a stronger correlation with serum reactions to EBNA-2 than with reactions to EBNA-1. Our results indicate that the presence of EBNA-2 may make a major contribution to the RANA reaction. | |
| 3433001 | Urinary excretion of hyaluronan in man. | 1987 Dec | A specific assay for hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid) has been applied to the determination of the polysaccharide in urine. The excretion in 22 healthy subjects was 330 micrograms/24 h (SD 77). The excretion was correlated with body weight and was therefore somewhat higher in males than in females. The molecular weight of the main fraction of urinary hyaluronan was in the range of 4000 to 12,000 in accordance with the hypothesis that it originates from blood and arises by glomerular filtration. A small fraction was of higher molecular weight and could have been produced in the urinary tract. Hyaluronan in male and female urine displayed the same molecular weight distributions. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis and primary biliary cirrhosis showed a two-fold and three-fold increase, respectively, of hyaluronan in urine with concurrently high levels of the polysaccharide in serum. A patient with Werner's syndrome displayed a ten-fold increase of the polysaccharide in both serum and urine. | |
| 2129758 | A diminished adherence of blood lymphocytes of patients with thyroid autoimmune disease to | 1990 | The function of high endothelial venules (HEVs), present in the T-cell area of lymphoid tissue is to attract lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid organs ("homing"). In Graves' disease, sporadic goitre and lymphocytic thyroiditis HEVs develop in the thyroid. To study the "homing" of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of healthy individuals and thyroid patients to the thyroid area we studied the adherence of PBL of such individuals to HEVs present in Hashimoto's goitres and to HEVs in thyroid draining lymph nodes. A modification of the in vitro "homing assay" described by Stamper and Woodruff (J Exp Med 144: 823) was used. The number of PBL of patients with Graves' disease which adhered to thyroidal and thyroid-draining lymphnode HEVs was significantly (p less than or equal to 0.001, Wilcoxon test) less than that of healthy control PBL's; in the case of thyroid HEVs 12 (mean, sd 8, n = 18) patient lymphocytes adhered to 35 HEVs vs 19 (mean, sd 7, n = 16) healthy control lymphocytes; in the case of thyroid lymphnode HEVs 20 (mean, sd 12, n = 15) patient lymphocytes adhered vs 35 (mean, sd 9, n = 9) healthy control lymphocytes. PBL of a few sporadic goitre (n = 5) and atrophic lymphocytic thyroiditis (n = 2) patients also showed a diminished adherence to thyroidal HEVs. We also studied the homing capability of lymphocyte suspensions isolated from the thyroid glands of three Graves' disease patients; these infiltrated cells showed a normal adherence pattern to thyroidal HEVs. We favour the idea that the data should be explained by a redistribution of lymphocytes possessing "thyroid-specific-homing-receptors" from the circulation to the thyroid area in patients with thyroid autoimmune disease. | |
| 2920047 | Liver histology in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving long-term methotrexate therapy. | 1989 Feb | Twenty-nine patients with active rheumatoid arthritis receiving long-term oral weekly methotrexate (MTX) therapy were studied to determine the extent of their hepatic architectural changes. Liver biopsies (n = 101) were performed in all patients before the initiation of MTX therapy, after 2 years, and annually thereafter (mean duration of therapy 53 months). The hepatic histologic grade (5-point scale) in 25 patients increased (worsened) (mean +/- SEM change 0.84 +/- 1.02; P = 0.001). Fibrosis, confirmed by trichrome staining, developed in 14 of 27 patients (52%). A history of alcohol consumption prior to starting MTX correlated significantly with subsequent worsening of the liver biopsy grade (r = 0.55, P = 0.0054). Alcohol intake prior to study entry, elevated weight at MTX initiation, and dose and duration of MTX were significantly associated with the development of fibrosis. Elevations in serum aspartate aminotransferase levels at 29-53 months of therapy correlated with the increase in hepatic histologic grade at the 3-year biopsy (r = 0.50, P = 0.04) and 4-year biopsy (r = 0.58, P = 0.03). We conclude that long-term MTX therapy in rheumatoid arthritis patients results in a statistically significant worsening in hepatic histologic grade, with common development of mild fibrosis. We do not consider these changes to be clinically significant at present. | |
| 2242632 | [Intracranial multiple granuloma preceded by rheumatic disease--a case report]. | 1990 Jul | In 1980, a 38-year-old man had remittent fever, swelling and arthralgia of the knee, ankle and wrist joints, as well as visual disturbance due to bilateral iritis. On his admission to our hospital, his laboratory data showed neutrophilia, normocytic normochromic anemia, hepatomegaly, hepatocellular damage, and a strongly positive RA test. All the microbiological examinations were negative. Thirty mg of prednisolone improved his symptoms and abnormal laboratory findings. Due to persistent mild arthralgia, he had continued to take 5-10 mg of prednisolone and analgesics until 1985 when he was readmitted to our hospital. In 1983, he began to complain of a steady pain around his left eye, and he sometimes had double vision. In 1985, he began to complain of decreasing left visual acuity and sensory disturbance in his left face in addition to pain in and around the eye. On his 2nd admission to our hospital, the neurological examination revealed involvement of the 2nd and 3rd cranial nerves and the 1st branch of the 5th cranial nerves of the left side. Laboratory data showed a positive RA test with RAHA titer at 1:320 and IgM at 216 mg/dl, but he had no joint deformities. The computed tomography (CT) of the brain demonstrated a high density mass of his left cavernous sinus extending to the left orbital apex. The prescription of the high dose of prednisolone (100 mg/day) relieved ophthalmic pain and improved visual acuity and neurological involvement within a week. Prednisolone was then gradually decreased to 10 mg. In 1986, he had partial and complex partial seizures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 3794348 | An improved incubation apparatus for Western blots used for the detection of antinuclear a | 1986 Dec 24 | To facilitate the use of Western blots for the detection of antibodies, we have developed an incubation apparatus. The use of this apparatus simplifies the incubation of blots with antisera, permits the testing of large numbers of sera and eliminates artefacts caused by the use of loose strips. The introduction of a pressure bag in the lower lid of the apparatus secures a steady pressure over the entire blot, a feature lacking in currently available commercial equipment. The detection of antinuclear antibodies is presented as an example of the use of this incubator. | |
| 1696185 | Subclass distribution of IgG antibodies to the rat oesophagus stratum corneum (so-called a | 1990 Jul | Serum IgG, labelling the stratum corneum of the rat oesophagus epithelium, so-called anti-keratin antibodies (AKA) constitute the most specific marker for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, we investigated 31 IgG AKA-positive rheumatoid sera and 21 control sera from patients with non-rheumatoid inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The serum level of IgG1,2,3 and 4 was determined by radial immunodiffusion and the subclass distribution of IgG AKA by a three-step semi-quantitative immunofluorescence assay using standard monoclonal antibodies specific for each of the four human IgG subclasses. In the rheumatoid sera, the serum level of IgG1 was found to be significantly increased and the level of IgG2 significantly decreased with regard to the control sera, while the levels of IgG3 and 4 as well as total IgG were in the normal range. IgG1,2,3, and 4 AKA were detected in 27 (87%), 6 (19%), 4 (13%) and 11 (35%) of the 31 rheumatoid sera, respectively, and were found to be independent of the clinical and biological indices of the disease. In spite of inter-individual heterogeneity, two predominant profiles were distinguished: IgG1 (alone) and IgG(1 + 4), which together represented 18 sera (58%). The large predominance of IgG1 AKA and the quasi-absence of IgG2 AKA suggest that the recognized antigen may be partly comprised of protein. Moreover, the high frequency of occurrence of IgG4 AKA might result from chronic exposure to the eliciting antigen, which could be a genuine autoantigen since we demonstrated that it is also present in the stratum corneum of human epidermis. | |
| 2795329 | Cancellous bone material properties in osteoarthritic and rheumatoid total knee patients. | 1989 | One hundred and thirty-four cancellous bone biopsy specimens were taken from the proximal tibias and distal femurs of 55 patients undergoing total knee replacement for analysis of their area fraction and mechanical testing to determine their strength and stiffness. The purpose of the study was to measure the material properties of cancellous bone taken from arthritic patients and compare these with bone from normal subjects. The results showed a wide variation of strength (0.5-18.1 MPa, mean 5.6 MPa) and stiffness (11-504 MPa, mean 152 MPa). These values are in the same range or less than those reported for bone from normal tibias. | |
| 2668416 | The use of foetal calf serum as a blocking agent in double immunoenzyme-cytochemistry labe | 1989 Aug 15 | Double immunoenzyme labelling has progressed in the past few years to double labelling using monoclonal antibodies (MAB) raised in the same species. It presents the problem of cross-reaction between the primary antibodies and the enzyme-labelled secondary antibodies as well as that of excessively high background staining. These difficulties have been overcome in part by using normal mouse serum as a blocking agent. However, differentiation of the resulting colour reactions, and therefore interpretation of results, is difficult, especially when compounded by the presence of an intermediate colour due to the combination of two reactions. Because of this problem, normal mouse serum (NMS), BALB/c mouse serum and foetal calf serum (FCS) were tested for their effectiveness as blocking agents in a double-labelling procedure using two mouse anti-human MABs. | |
| 3495717 | Association of HLA DR1 with high D-penicillamine binding to monocytes in females. | 1987 | Binding of D-Penicillamine (D-Pen) to human monocytes was examined by flow cytometry with fluorescent D-Pen conjugate. Cells from HLA DR1-positive healthy females bound significantly more D-Pen than cells from DR1-negative healthy females (P = 0.015), and DR1 was associated with the highest binding among HLA DR antigens. In contrast, DR4 was associated with the lowest binding in healthy females. A difference in D-Pen binding between healthy females who were DR1-positive, DR4-negative and those who were DR1-negative, DR4-positive was statistically significant (P = 0.026). Neither healthy females nor healthy males showed significant associations of D-Pen binding with HLA A, B, or C antigens, nor did healthy males show an association between strength of D-Pen binding and any DR antigens. | |
| 3499651 | Characterization of IL-2 responsive synovial T lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. II. Fu | 1987 | Lymphocytes from peripheral blood (PBL) and synovial fluid (SFL) were obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cloned under limiting-dilution conditions without prior activation but in the presence of exogenous interleukin (IL)-2. The precursor frequencies of such in vivo activated IL-2-responsive cells were higher in RA SFL (1/83) than in RA PBL (1/201) or normal PBL (1/377). These HLA-Dr/Ia-positive clones expressed T-cell markers CD3 and T101 and were either CD4- or CD8-positive but lacked NK markers CD11, CD16, and HNK-1. All such clones were cytotoxic for NK-sensitive K562 targets and NK-insensitive Raji cell targets. These cells, which most closely resemble nonmajor histocompatibility complex (MHC) restricted cytotoxic T (CTL) cells, are present with increased frequency in RA synovial fluids. | |
| 1856817 | Seronegative symmetric polyarthritis in Sezary syndrome. | 1991 Mar | We describe a patient with Sezary syndrome and seronegative symmetric polyarthritis. Detailed analysis of the synovial membrane, including T lymphocyte subset delineation, demonstrated that malignant synovial infiltration was the direct cause of arthritis in this patient. | |
| 2067315 | Similar frequency of autoantibodies against pneumocytes type II and Clara cells in patient | 1991 May 3 | Several experimental findings suggest an association between interstitial lung diseases and autoantibodies. Antibodies against lung tissue including pneumocytes type II in patients suffering from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) were reported in recent years. In this investigation the serum of 103 persons (10 with IPF, 23 with M. Boeck, 18 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 52 healthy controls) was examined for autoantibodies against pneumocytes type II and Clara cells by indirect immunofluorescence on human lung tissue. These antibodies against both cell types are an additional proof for common antigens in pneumocytes type II and Clara cells. The autoantibodies were present in similar frequency in the 4 groups (IPF: 20%, M. Boeck: 26.1%, RA: 22.2% and 23.1% of the healthy controls). So no significant association was found between the antibodies and the interstitial lung diseases. A role of the antibodies in the pathogenesis of the diseases, however, can not be excluded by this study. A possible role as parameter of development of interstitial lung diseases should be subject to further investigations in form of a prospective follow up study. | |
| 1369847 | [Should trochanteric osteotomy be performed during total hip replacement?]. | 1990 | Advantages and disadvantages of trochanteric osteotomy were discussed. 716 total hip arthroplasties were performed in 594 patients. Trochanteric osteotomy was done in 79 hips (11%) of 68 patients: 39 cases of rheumatoid arthritis, 17 cases of ankylosing spondylitis, 9 cases of osteoarthritis and 3 cases of various conditions. In 73 hips the trochanter was reattached by Charnley, Coventry or Amstutz method; in remaining cases an original method was used. 42 hips in 36 patients were followed up. The results were evaluated on the basis of clinical, radiographic assessment and opinion of the patient. Trochanteric non-union was found in 3 hips (7.1%), delayed union in 2 cases (4.7%), the wire loop was broken in 6 hips (14.2%) with no disturbance of trochanteric union. The authors recommend Trochanteric osteotomy only in cases of difficult access to the joint or in order to prevent soft tissue damage in instances of difficult anatomic conditions. | |
| 3493837 | Ectopic production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D by B-cell lymphoma as a cause of hypercalcem | 1987 May 1 | A patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis developed hypercalcemia (3.13 mmol/l) and was subsequently found to have a B-cell lymphoma (centroblastic type). The hypercalcemia was associated with high circulating concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (235 pmol/l) and both abnormalities were corrected with treatment. A lymph node was excised before treatment and was incubated in vitro with either labeled or unlabeled 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. After purification of the extract and chromatography on three different HPLC systems, material comigrating with authentic 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was identified. This was shown to bind to a specific chick intestinal cytosol receptor and to dilute in parallel with synthetic 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the receptor binding assay. In conclusion, hypercalcemia in malignant B-cell lymphoma can be due to extrarenal production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D by lymphomatous tissue. | |
| 1718354 | Radiolunate arthrodesis in rheumatoid wrist (21 cases). | 1991 | Surgical radiolunate arthrodesis appears to be an appropriate procedure to stabilize ulnar translation of the carpus, to correct radial deviation of the wrist and consequently ulnar drift of the fingers and restore neutral orientation of the lunate when collapse occurs. From 1979 to 1988, radiolunate arthrodesis was performed on 21 unstable rheumatoid wrists with subluxation of the lunate (20 cases combined with an ulnar head resection and one case without). Average follow-up was 4 years and 1 month. Wrist collapse increased in 3 cases and remained stable in 6 cases (9 documented cases). When ulnar drift of the fingers is present (6 cases), the ulnar angulation of the third finger shows a 14-degree average improvement. Thirteen wrists were painfree, one presented a painful click, 4 patients were dissatisfied because of pain and recurrence of the disease. Three patients had died. Average ROM was 41 degrees in extension, 28 degrees in flexion, 8 degrees radial deviation and 23 degrees ulnar deviation. Grip, measureable in 9 wrists, showed improvement with an average range of 12,6 kg on right side and 9 kg on left side. Surgical procedure and complications are described. | |
| 2141002 | [Activation of Fc gamma receptor (CD16) positive natural killer cells by rheumatoid factor | 1990 Apr | Fc gamma-receptor-(CD16-)positive natural killer (NK) cells are activated by rheumatoid factor in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This activation induces modulation of the CD16 molecule and release of IFN gamma and TNF alpha by NK cells. |