Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8495260 | The effect of a long-term exercise programme on the rheumatoid hand. | 1993 May | Forty-four female patients with sero-positive active RA participated in a 48-month trial to assess the effect of simple hand exercises. Twenty-two patients in the test group were given a daily exercise regime of six exercises. The control group were not given any exercises. At the end of 48 months there was a statistically significant improvement in grip strength (P < 0.0001) and pincer grip strength (P < 0.0005) in the test group. There was a significant deterioration in the control group (P < 0.0000). A simple exercise programme is beneficial for the rheumatoid hand as far as grip and pincer grip strength are concerned. | |
| 7840851 | The viable motheaten (mev) mouse--a new model for arthritis. | 1994 Oct | Homozygous mev mice are first identified at the age of 3-4 days by focal depigmentation of the skin, followed by patchy absence of hair and by necrotic lesions on paws, tail and ears. Of particular interest are the inflammatory reactions in the paws of these animals which consist mainly of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cell infiltration in the subcutaneous tissue extending to the periosteum and joint, resulting in focal destructive arthritis and osteomylitis. These lesions are to some extent reminiscent of an acute form of rheumatoid-like arthritis. Since mev mice are sterile, a limited number of symptomatic offspring can be obtained by cross-breeding their heterozygous siblings which are phenotypically not distinguishable from mice lacking this mutation. In order to produce a sufficient number of diseased animals for performing pharmacological studies, we have established a model by transferring this disease in lethally irradiated, 8- to 10-week-old syngeneic mice which were grafted with mev spleen cells. Such reconstituted recipients develop first inflammatory symptoms of the paws 2 to 3 weeks after cell transfer. The arthritic inflammation finally affects all paws and toes by 30 to 50 days. This procedure increased the number of mev-like mice expressing arthritis, allowing assessment of the effects of standard reference drugs used in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The immunosuppressants cyclosporin and rapamycin and the steroid dexamethasone at therapeutic concentrations exert a strong inhibitory effect on the development of arthritis in this novel model. In contrast, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug phenylbutazone shows only a moderate effect. These results indicate the particular sensitivity of this model for efficacy of potentially new therapeutic but non-cytostatic compounds for clinical use. | |
| 8176674 | [Evaluation of the scanner and radiography in rheumatic pelvispondylitis]. | 1994 Mar | We studied 20 normal subjects and 20 suffering from sacro-iliitis. The performance of the two techniques were compared in studying reports ROC curve from several readers. We assessed the performance of each technique and each sign: CT scan appears as a better technique than plain films. Some signs present a poor interest: osteophytes seen on CT or plain films, subchondral cysts seen on CT. In other respects, articular cartilage erosions, subchondral sclerosis are main signs as much on CT as on plain films. In conclusion, CT scan allowed an accurate analysis of sacro-iliitis. It has a better diagnostic value than plain films and, in case of doubt, should be performed to increase diagnosis sensibility and specificity. | |
| 1280296 | A novel antibody from rheumatoid arthritis patients. | 1992 Sep | A 106 base-pair length DNA sequence was isolated from rheumatoid synovium. Base sequence analysis showed this fragment to correspond to sequences already reported as the non-transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA. Base sequence analysis also revealed that a fused protein has a unique five amino acid sequence. This five amino acid sequence was considered to be an epitope for an antibody. This antibody was named BUNGO antibody (BUNGO is the old name for Oita prefecture). An antigen peptide was synthesized chemically in accordance with the amino acid sequence of the epitope. Using this synthetic peptide, BUNGO antibody in serum was measured. Twelve of 32 patients (37.5%) with RA (rheumatoid arthritis) tested positive for the antibody. Five of 32 (15.6%) age and sex-matched control subjects were positive, indicating a significant difference from the RA group (chi 2 = 3.9, p < 0.05). | |
| 8746381 | Flexion and extension gap measurements in total knee arthroplasty after sacrifice of poste | 1994 Winter | Twenty-three patients had 25 total knee arthroplasties. The flexion and extension gaps were measured before and after resection of the posterior cruciate ligament. The extension gap increased 2.0 +/- 0.2 mm in the medial compartment and 1.9 +/- 0.3 mm in the lateral compartment. The flexion gap increased 1.4 +/- 0.2 mm in the medial compartment and 2.3 +/- 0.3 mm in the lateral compartment. All increases were statistically significant. | |
| 1734902 | Long-term prospective study of the use of methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arth | 1992 Feb | OBJECTIVE: To determine and describe the clinical, radiographic, and toxicity profile in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving weekly oral methotrexate (MTX) over a mean period of 90 months, and to compare and contrast these data with our previous data on this cohort, reported after 53 months. METHODS: Prospective, open observational study over a mean treatment period of 90 months (range 79-107 months). Standard clinical and laboratory measures of disease activity were assessed by the same investigator at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and every 3 months thereafter. RESULTS: A significant improvement from baseline was maintained in all clinical parameters but the number of tender joints. Toxic reactions were as common in months 54-90 as during the first 53 months. The mean dosage of MTX decreased from 14.6 mg/week at the time of the last report to 11.7 mg/week, while the mean prednisone dosage increased from 1.9 mg/day to 2.1 mg/day. Radiographic scores for erosive disease became statistically significantly different from baseline at year 8, and scores for joint space narrowing differed significantly from baseline at years 5 and 8. Since study entry, 2 patients (6.9%) have experienced MTX pneumonitis. CONCLUSION: We conclude that a majority of rheumatoid arthritis patients are able to continue MTX treatment with generally sustained efficacy, for intervals that meaningfully exceed those reported previously. | |
| 8269890 | Effect of a strict vegan diet on energy and nutrient intakes by Finnish rheumatoid patient | 1993 Oct | Dietary intake data of 43 Finnish rheumatoid arthritis patients were collected using 7-day food records. The subjects were randomized into a control and a vegan diet groups, consisting of 22 and 21 subjects, respectively. The subjects in the vegan diet group received an uncooked vegan diet ('living food') for 3 months, and they were tutored daily by a living-food expert. The subjects in the control group continued their usual diets and received no tutoring. Adherence to the strict vegan diet was assessed on the basis of urinary sodium excretion and by the information on consumption of specific food items (wheatgrass juice and the rejuvelac drink). The use of these drinks was variable, and some boiled vegetables were consumed occasionally. However, only one of the subjects in the vegan diet group lacked a clear decrease in urinary sodium excretion. Rheumatoid patients had lower than recommended intakes of iron, zinc and niacin, and their energy intake was low compared to mean daily energy intake of the healthy Finnish females of the same age. Shifting to the uncooked vegan diet significantly increased the intakes of energy and many nutrients. In spite of the increased energy intake, the group on the vegan diet lost 9% of their body weight during the intervention period, indicating a low availability of energy from the vegan diet. | |
| 1527126 | Anterior knee pain in rheumatoid patients after total knee replacement. Possible selection | 1992 Sep | Postoperative anterior knee pain was evaluated in a consecutive series of 138 knees in 108 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated by total knee replacement with Mark I Insall-Burstein prostheses. No knee had primary patellar resurfacing, and in the 119 knees followed up for a mean of 63.9 months, none had secondary resurfacing. Anterior knee pain was absent in 87 knees (73%), mild in 16 (13.5%) and moderate or severe in 16 (13.5%). The height of the patella above the prosthetic joint line was the only variable which was directly related to the incidence of anterior knee pain. The sensitivity and specificity of patellar height measurements for identifying patients with or without pain were derived. From these data, a selective policy of resurfacing the patella in those at risk was adopted. Choosing a patellar height of 15 mm or less, patellar resurfacing could be avoided in 80% of patients likely to have no pain, and the patella could be resurfaced in 65% of those likely to have anterior knee pain. | |
| 7801205 | [Preliminary report of radical multiple synovectomy in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1994 Oct | We performed radical multiple synovectomy (RaMS) on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who had multiple swollen joints in the mid or late course of RA. The objectives of this operation are to reduce the quantity of RA synovium as much as possible and to increase the efficacy of anti-rheumatic medication in order to achieve remission.2+ Nineteen RA patients who underwent RaMS were followed up for at least 15 months. In this series, anti-rheumatic medications were not changed after the operation, so that the effectiveness of the RaMS could be evaluated. The patients ranged in age from 44 to 73 years (mean: 55.8 years). The male to female ratio was 2:17. Duration after onset of RA ranged from 2 to 29 years (mean: 15.1 years). The swollen joint score according to Lansbury's evaluation of the RA activity index ranged from 7 to 24% (mean: 14.4%). The synovectomized joint score ranged from 7 to 22% (mean : 13.3%). The weight of the excised RA synovium ranged from 19.0 to 109.9 g (mean : 54.0 g). The number of operations was one in three patients, two in 15 patients and three in one patient. The postoperative results indicated that the modified Lansbury's index (morning stiffness, grip power, ESR, joint score), the values of ESR, CRP, Hb, TNF-alpha and IL-6 in the blood, and the peripheral lymphocyte CD4/CD8 ratio were improved, with a statistically significant difference. At 15 months after the operation, ten of the 19 patients (52.5%) satisfied the proposed criteria for clinical remission of RA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 1588745 | [Plasmapheresis for patients with RA]. | 1992 Mar | Effect of plasmapheresis for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Plasmapheresis for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was performed more than ten years, but efficacy of plasmapheresis was not done. In this paper, we discussed efficacy, indications and procedures. We have many procedures of plasmapheresis, 1) plasma exchange, 2) double filtration plasmapheresis, 3) cryofiltration plasmapheresis, 4) immunoadsorption plasmapheresis, 5) salt-amino acid coprecipitation plasmapheresis, 6) lymphocytapheresis, 7) lymphocyte-plasmapheresis, 8) photopheresis. Indications of plasmapheresis for RA are 1) malignant RA, 2) high activity of RA, 3) positive circulating immune complexes, 4) patients can't take steroid hormone or anti-inflammatory drugs. Efficacy of plasmapheresis for RA was not done, then, we must have controlled study about efficacy of plasmapheresis for RA. | |
| 8574962 | The role of interleukin-15 in T-cell migration and activation in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1996 Feb | Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a novel cytokine with interleukin-2-like activity. It is also a potent T-lymphocyte chemoattractant. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of activated T lymphocytes, macrophages and synoviocytes in the synovial membrane. The mechanisms of T-cell activation in RA are currently unclear. We report the presence of high concentrations of IL-15 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial fluid and have demonstrated its expression in the synovial membrane lining layer by immunohistochemistry. RA synovial fluids were found to contain chemotactic activity, which was attributable in part to the presence of IL-15. Moreover, in a murine model, injection of recombinant IL-15 was found to induce a local tissue inflammatory infiltrate consisting predominantly of T lymphocytes. Synovial fluid T lymphocytes proliferate in response to IL-15, demonstrating that continued responsiveness to IL-15 is a feature of T cells after entry into the synovial compartment. These data suggest that IL-15 can recruit and activate T lymphocytes in the synovial membrane, thereby contributing to RA pathogenesis. | |
| 1383680 | Microbiochemical analysis of changes in proteoglycan and collagen in joint tissues during | 1992 Jun | Microbiochemical assays of the proteoglycan and collagen content of articular cartilage and synovial lining have been performed on tissue sections taken from rabbits with antigen-induced arthritis. This experimental arthritis is a close analogue of the natural disease-rheumatoid arthritis. Animals were killed at intervals during the first 21 days following induction of arthritis to assess changes in the composition of the extracellular matrices of the synovial lining and articular cartilage during the early development of this experimental lesion. In confirmation of earlier studies these microbiochemical assays revealed a rapid and significant loss of proteoglycan from the articular cartilage. This loss was, however, not uniform but was restricted to the intermediate zone of the cartilage. Over the period studied, there was only a slight loss of proteoglycan from the superficial zone of the cartilage facing the joint cavity. These findings demonstrate that, at least in this model, cartilage proteoglycan loss is not due to the action of proteases present in the synovial fluid. Moreover it suggests that the chondrocytes in the mid-zone of the cartilage are responsive to those signals stimulating proteoglycan breakdown. There was no significant loss of collagen from the cartilage over the time period of this study. The synovial lining from arthritic joints, in contrast, showed a progressive increase in both proteoglycan and collagen. | |
| 8945112 | Immediate and short-term effects of three commercial wrist extensor orthoses on grip stren | 1996 Feb | OBJECTIVE: To investigate the immediate and short-term effects of 3 commercial wrist orthoses on grip strength and function. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with definite rheumatoid arthritis participated in the randomized, controlled, cross-over design study of 3 commercial wrist extensor orthoses. Dominant-hand dynamometric grip strength was assessed at both initial and followup sessions while splinted and nonsplinted. Functional impact was assessed using a written questionnaire. RESULTS: All 3 commercial orthoses reduced grip strength when first donned. After a 1-week adjustment period, one orthosis, the Smith and Nephew Roylan D-Ring (Roylan), afforded splinted grip strength equal to that of the nonsplinted grip strength. The other 2 orthoses continued to reduce grip strength, and afforded splinted grip strength significantly below that of the Roylan. The Roylan was deemed comfortable by more subjects than the other orthoses. CONCLUSIONS: The belief that commercial orthotic use increases grip strength, either immediately or after 1 week, is not supported by this study's data. Different styles of commercial wrist orthoses appear to have differing influence on splinted grip strength. | |
| 8668954 | Rheumatoid arthritis in an Icelandic textbook from 1782. | 1996 | In 1782, Jón Pétursson, a district physician in Northern Iceland, published a textbook on arthritis and its remedies intended for common use. Working within a very simple diagnostic system, essentially comprising osteoarthritis (arthritis fixa) and inflammatory arthritis (arthritis vaga), he describes arthritis vaga as a common, chronic, symmetric, destructive, inflammatory polyarthritis, sometimes with systemic manifestations. It affected people of all ages with a peak incidence around forty, and had a female preponderance. The last observation is of particular interest as he knew he was contradicting all the available literature. Contemporary descriptions of Jón Pétursson suggest that he may have had rheumatoid arthritis himself which would explain his excellent description of this disease. | |
| 1439481 | Persistence of B19 parvovirus in synovial membranes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1992 | Recent clinical observations support the hypothesis that persistent parvovirus B19 is a triggering factor of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in certain genetically predisposed individuals. If this hypothesis is correct, a number of RA patients may exhibit parvovirus B19 DNA in their synovial membranes. We tested the synovial tissue and peripheral blood leukocytes of 20 patients with RA, 24 patients with other arthritides or osteoarthritis (non-RA), and 34 healthy blood donors for the presence of parvovirus B19 DNA using specific DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using this technique, parvovirus B19 DNA was demonstrated in the synovial biopsies of 75% of patients with RA but in those of only 16.7% of patients with non-RA. In autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells the percentage of PCR-positive patients was about 15% in both RA and non-RA groups and did not differ from that in healthy controls. When the PCR data were correlated with the presence of anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies in serum and synovia all patients with parvovirus B19 DNA in peripheral blood alone or in both peripheral blood and synovial membrane were seropositive. In contrast, about 40% of patients with parvovirus B19 DNA restricted to the synovial membrane were seronegative. These data indicate a highly disease-related persistence of parvovirus B19 in the rheumatoid synovium. | |
| 7600076 | Outcomes of thirty-four rheumatoid arthritis patients with renal amyloidosis, including tw | 1995 Feb | We reviewed 34 cases of rheumatoid arthritis with biopsy-proven renal amyloidosis. Mean age was 57.1 +/- 13 years and mean duration of rheumatoid arthritis was 13.7 +/- 8.2 years. Renal function tests done at the time of diagnosis of amyloidosis were available for 32 patients and showed renal failure in 16. Twelve patients received an alkylating agent. Twenty patients (59%) died, after a mean interval of 25.7 +/- 25.1 months since the diagnosis of renal amyloidosis; 19 of these patients (95%) had renal failure. Seven of the 14 survivors and four of the 11 survivors with impaired renal function were given an alkylating agent; mean follow-up since the diagnosis of renal amyloidosis was 77.2 +/- 58.7 months. At completion of the study, renal function was normal in only three patients, all of whom received an alkylating agent. Our data confirms the bleak prognosis of renal amyloidosis in rheumatoid arthritis patients and suggests a need for randomized trials designed to evaluate the efficacy of alkylating agents in this condition. | |
| 8317320 | Abnormal binding properties of blood monocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1993 | Blood monocytes from patients with RA exhibited a greater binding to monolayers of umbilical cord vein endothelium than monocytes from control subjects (mean 42% increase; p < 0.01). When control monocytes were added to TNF or IL-1 treated endothelium their adhesion was enhanced (mean 24% increase; p < 0.05), whereas the number of monocytes from RA patients binding to TNF or IL-1 treated monolayers was less than that adhering to untreated endothelial cells (mean 22% inhibition; p < 0.02). The surface expression of CD11b/CD18 on RA monocytes was increased and pretreatment of normal and RA cells with an anti-CD18 monoclonal antibody inhibited their attachment to untreated and cytokine-treated endothelial cells. Normal blood monocytes activated with LPS demonstrated an enhanced binding to untreated cultures (mean 23% increase; p < 0.05) and an inhibited attachment to cytokine-treated endothelial cells. This study suggests that blood monocytes in RA may be activated and that this property modifies the attachment of these cells to normal and "inflammatory" endothelium. | |
| 7962219 | Therapeutic progress. I: Current treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1994 Jun | Over recent years the pharmacological treatment strategy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has changed. An early, aggressive approach has been adopted with a view to maintaining functional capacity. The changing role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents is discussed in the light of the potential toxicity of this class of drugs. The current use of second-line agents is dealt with in depth and includes guidelines to patient monitoring. Particular attention has been paid to the growing use of cyclosporin A in the treatment of RA as this drug represents the newest, most potent, nonexperimental form of treatment. The questions of when to introduce second-line agents, who should receive treatment and how many drugs should be prescribed are all addressed in this review. The relative efficacy and toxicity of these agents is discussed and a treatment protocol is proposed. | |
| 1582076 | New aspects of HLA: perspectives for rheumatoid arthritis. | 1992 May | The association of several HLA class II alleles with genetic susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) suggests a model in which a three-dimensional conformation of the DR molecule represents the key disease susceptibility element. However, recently found new genes of the HLA-D region may contribute additionally to the susceptibility in particular of genes coding for proteases and transporter channels. Since expression of the class II molecule is a common feature of the autoimmunity process, regulatory polymorphisms of the class II genes may influence the antigen-presenting capacity of the cells. The role of the invariant chain, a 31 kD protein associated with the alpha beta complex, is emphasized in antigen presentation and may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and therapy of autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 1411090 | Clinical significance of rheumatoid factor isotypes in seropositive arthritis. | 1992 | In this cross-sectional study a comparison was made of rheumatoid factor (RF) isotypes in 203 RF positive patients with arthritis. Of these, 129 had rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 74 a milder disease that would formerly have been classified as probable RA. The majority (74%) of the RA patients had elevations of two or three RF isotypes compared with only 34% of the patients with the milder form of arthritis. A striking feature was that combined elevation of IgM RF and IgA RF was found in 67% of the RA patients compared to only 20% of the patients with milder arthritis who most frequently had an isolated elevation of IgM RF (41%). RA patients with an isolated elevation of IgA RF were younger and had a shorter disease history than RA patients with an isolated elevation in IgM RF or a combined elevation of IgA RF and IgM RF. The prevalence of raised IgM RF was, furthermore, found to increase with age and disease duration. We conclude that a raised level of IgA RF is an adverse phenomenon in patients with seropositive arthritis while patients with an isolated increase in IgM RF may be expected to experience a relatively mild disease course. |