Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8162479 | Low level laser therapy is ineffective in the management of rheumatoid arthritic finger jo | 1994 Feb | Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is a relatively new and increasingly popular form of electrotherapy. It is used by physiotherapists in the treatment of a wide variety of conditions including RA despite the lack of scientific evidence to support its efficacy. A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of LLLT. The patient sample consisted of chronic RA patients with active finger joint synovitis. Forty RA patients with involvement of some or all of MCP or PIP joints were recruited. Following random allocation they received either active or placebo laser three times a week for 4 weeks. Measurements were taken prior to entry, after the treatment, 1 month and 3 months at follow-up. The groups were well matched in terms of age, sex, disease duration and severity. Few significant differences were noted in grip strength, duration of morning stiffness, joint tenderness, temperature of inflamed joints, range of movement or pain either within or between groups. Using these irradiation parameters the efficacy of LLLT is ineffective. | |
| 8778951 | Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study. | 1996 | To investigate a possible relationship between the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), rheumatoid factor (RF), antinuclear antibodies (ANA), complement, disease activity and disease severity, 111 clinically well-documented RA patients were studied prospectively for ANCA, RF, ANA, C-reactive protein (CRP), total haemolytic complement (CH50) and complement split product C3d. Disease activity and severity were also assessed clinically, as well as anamnestically, using the Hannover Activity of Daily Living Questionnaire, the functional Steinbrocker grades, and numeric and verbal rating scales. At a serum dilution of 1:50, 20% of the 111 sera showed predominantly an atypical perinuclear staining pattern. There was no correlation between ANCA positivity and serological markers, disease activity and disease severity. Regarding previous therapies with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, ANCA+ patients took sulphasalazine significantly more often than ANCA- patients. | |
| 1588751 | [Renal disorders in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1992 Mar | Glomerulonephritis has been believed to be a rare complication in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, recent studies have revealed a focal segmental increase in mesangial cells and matrix in RA patients with hematuria. In our series, proteinuria, hematuria or both abnormalities were recognized in 74 (22%) out of 336 RA cases. Among 119 patients examined by renal biopsy, mild mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN) was found in 25 patients, of which 22 demonstrated mesangial IgA deposits, by immunofluorescent microscopy. Membranous nephropathy was noticed in 26 cases. Three cases of membranous nephropathy had no history of gold or D-penicillamine treatment. Electron microscopy revealed diffuse thinning of the glomerular basement membrane in 12 cases. The average thickness of the glomerular basement membrane was significantly thinner in RA patients than in normal subjects. The immunological processes associated with rheumatoid factor do not seem to be related to the renal lesions in RA patients. | |
| 1290022 | Transferrin microheterogeneity in rheumatoid arthritis. Relation with disease activity and | 1992 | We studied the relation between disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the microheterogeneity of transferrin. Using crossed immuno isoelectric focusing, transferrin microheterogeneity patterns were analyzed in sera of healthy individuals, nonanemic RA patients, iron deficient RA patients and RA patients with the anemia of chronic disease (ACD). In all RA groups a significant shift in the microheterogeneity pattern was observed, reflecting increased synthesis of transferrins with highly branched glycan chains. Increased disease activity correlated with both the induction of ACD and the change in transferrin glycosylation, which was, therefore, most pronounced in ACD. Generally, an increased synthesis of glycoproteins is accompanied by alterations in their glycosylation pattern. Since transferrin is a negative acute phase protein, our results indicated that changes in synthetic rates and changes in glycosylation induced in the acute phase response are regulated independently. | |
| 8523365 | Radiographic progression on radiographs of hands and feet during the first 3 years of rheu | 1995 Sep | OBJECTIVE: To determine the development rate of erosions and joint space narrowing in a cohort of patients during the first 3 years of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: All consecutive patients fulfilling the American Rheumatism Association criteria and seen within the 1st year of the disease were followed prospectively with biannual radiographs of hands and feet. One hundred and forty-seven patients were followed for 2 years and 90 patients for 3 years. Erosions and joint space narrowing were scored with a modified version of Sharp's method (van der Heijde modification). Wilcoxon's rank sum test was used to test differences between joints and between erosions and joint space narrowing. RESULTS: On average, at 3 year followup most groups of joints showed about 8% of the maximum possible score. In most groups of joints about 20% of the joints were affected. At the start more foot joints were affected than hand joints. However, the increase in the number of affected joints and in the radiographic damage was similar in hands and feet. Consequently, the predominance of affected foot joints was still present after 3 years. The progression in the 3rd year was statistically significantly less compared to the 1st year. This was more pronounced for the number of affected joints than for radiographic damage. CONCLUSION: We found that 70% of the patients showed radiographic damage after 3 years and this group could already be selected after 1 year. Overall, +/- 18-20% of the joints were affected after 3 years, with relatively few abnormalities per joint (+/- 8% of the maximum possible score was reached). The rate of progression in the 1st year was significantly more than in the 2nd and 3rd years, indicating a flattening of the curve of radiographic progression. | |
| 7869304 | Clinical heterogeneity of rheumatoid arthritis and the antiperinuclear factor. | 1994 Nov | OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic and prognostic power of antiperinuclear factor (APF) and to identify a specific pattern of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of different evolution and prognosis. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-nine sera from patients with RA, 280 sera from patients with other rheumatic diseases and 204 sera from healthy subjects were examined for APF. RESULTS: Sensitivity and specificity of the test were, respectively, 0.82 and 0.99 when 1:80 serum dilution was considered positive but 0.84 and 0.92 when tested at the currently used 1:5 serum dilution. According to the data obtained from APF and rheumatoid factor (RF) testing, patients with RA were subdivided in 4 groups. Clinical and demographic features for each group were analyzed. RF+ and/or APF+ patients showed a common pattern of disease, whereas RF-/APF- patients showed fewer extraarticular manifestations (p < 0.02) including Sjögren's syndrome (p < 0.04) and an unusual onset of the disease characterized by an involvement of large joints (p < 0.0001). Higher titer of APF was detected at the onset of the disease than in longstanding RA (p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: APF is a valuable diagnostic tool and a useful additional marker for RA. 1:80 serum dilution allows more specificity without substantial loss of sensitivity. A specific pattern of RA can be identified on the basis of APF status. | |
| 1441223 | Detection of IgM rheumatoid factor in canine serum using a standardized enzyme-linked immu | 1992 Oct | An ELISA measuring IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) in dog serum is presented. Dog sera and a human IgM RF standard, calibrated against the international World Health Organisation (WHO) standard, are compared. It is concluded that the human IgM RF standard may be used as reference serum in the canine assay, which makes it possible to compare results from different veterinary laboratories. | |
| 8543842 | Oligoclonality of V beta 3 TCR chains in the CD8+ T cell population of rheumatoid arthriti | 1996 Jan 15 | It has been established that oligoclonal expansion is a common feature of the CD8+ T cell population, particularly within the CD8+ CD57+ lymphocyte subset. In addition, clonal malignancies involving CD8+ CD57+ T cells (large granulocytic lymphocytic leukemias) are often accompanied by rheumatoid arthritis, Felty's syndrome, or both. Therefore, to identify disease-related alterations in the CD8+ T cell repertoire, we have compared the patterns of oligoclonality in the CD8+ T cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients (n = 32) with those of age-matched controls (n = 25). By using a multiplex PCR assay for the CDR3 length of TCR beta-chains, we have found a striking increase in the frequency of CD8+ oligoclonality involving V beta 3 TCR: 50% of the rheumatoid arthritis patients had evidence of oligoclonality in this TCR family compared with 4% of controls (p < 0.0002). In addition, two unrelated RA patients had clonally dominant CD8+ T cell beta receptors that were identical in amino acid sequence, suggesting selection by a common Ag. An analysis of a subset of RA patients with mAbs specific for V beta 3 TCR revealed the presence of clonal expansion in a minority of patients usually, but not exclusively, involving the CD57+ subset. These data define a phenotype of the T cell repertoire that is strongly associated with rheumatoid arthritis; the mechanisms and genetic and environmental factors that explain this phenomenon remain to be defined. | |
| 8668958 | Technetium-99m labelled human immunoglobulin scintigraphy predicts rheumatoid arthritis in | 1996 | The ability of 99mTc-IgG scintigraphy to predict the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in 47 patients with arthralgia was investigated. 99mTc-IgG scintigraphy and the serum test for rheumatoid factor (RF), measured at the beginning of a year long study, were compared for their ability to predict RA. During the study 8 patients developed RA. The specificity and positive predictive values of RF in predicting RA were 79% and 50% respectively; and for 99mTc-IgG scintigraphy 97% and 88%. The sensitivity and negative predictive values of RF were 100% and of 99mTc-IgG-scintigraphy 88% and 97% respectively. In conclusion, 99mTc-IgG scintigraphy has additional value to RF with respect to the prediction of the development of RA in patients with arthralgia. | |
| 8050167 | Persistence of a rheumatoid factor (RF)-producing B cell clone with a somatically mutated | 1994 Aug | The V kappa IV gene encoding the light chain of an IgA has been shown to have undergone 31 somatic mutations compared with the single existing V kappa IV germ-line gene. We now show the persistence of the rearranged and mutated DNA coding for this RF over a period of 5 years in the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The sequence of the RF has been conserved to identity over this period. These results raise the possibility that the particular antigenic stimulus leading to RF production in this RA patient is active over a long period of time. | |
| 1588741 | [Immunosuppressant and immunomodulator]. | 1992 Mar | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by deforming, destructive joint disease. It also accompanies multiple extra-articular symptoms. Although initial agent (s) has not been clearly delineated, understandings of joint destruction mechanism have made considerable progress. Initial rheumatoid inflammation takes a form of the proliferation of synovial lining cells and the perpetuation of inflammation leads to cartilage and bone destruction. These pathologic changes are mediated by immunological aberration. On the basis of these observations, suppression and/or modulation of such immunological aberration may be reasonable alternative way of treating patients with RA. Recent knowledge and several topics of immuno-suppressant and-modulator were introduced. Such immunotherapies are indicated in patients with early active RA but rather frequent occurrence of side effects makes us use cautiously such drugs. | |
| 8535654 | Short-term outcomes in recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis. | 1995 Nov | Comparing outcomes of different therapeutic interventions is a vital part of progress in rheumatology, and considerable advances have been made in recent years toward consensus in outcome assessment. The conflicting results of longitudinal and cross-sectional studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been due, at least in part, to variable study designs. The few reports of prospective studies of recent-onset RA have been limited by the paucity of numbers at follow-up. Information on outcome and prognostic factors in RA requires prospective studies on large numbers of patients recruited from an early stage. The practising clinician needs easily applied prognostic factors for the effective management of patients with RA. Predicting erosive disease has been more successful than predicting functional outcome, but neither, as yet, have the accuracy required in early disease for the use of single or combined powerful, and potentially more toxic, second-line (disease-modifying) therapies. The Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Study (ERAS) was formed to study these aspects in more detail with large numbers of patients. Initial findings have shown that 15% of patients went into sustained clinical remission early, response to the first disease-controlling drug was satisfactory in 70% of patients and functional measures at presentation were by far the most predictive variables for physical disability at 3 yr. | |
| 1353901 | Sulphasalazine therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. A two-year study and follow-up of clinical | 1992 Apr | Sulphasalazine is among the many drugs in the secondary line of antirheumatic efficacy that have both immunosuppressive and auto-inflammatory properties. Twenty-six patients with definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were treated for two years with sulphasalazine in a minimum dose of 1 g per day. Four patients presented untoward effects such as: marked physical asthenia, erythema and changes of the dysproteinemia tests which all disappeared when the drug was withdrawn. The first favourable results in the joint inflammation appeared after 4 weeks. Significant clinical and biologic changes were observed at the end of the study thus suggesting the therapeutic value of sulphasalazine in RA. | |
| 8833064 | Relevance of multidrug resistance to rheumatoid arthritis: development of a new therapeuti | 1996 Mar | Multidrug resistance in hematologic malignancies and some solid tumors is mediated by a cell membrane pump known as the P-glycoprotein (P-gp). P-gp rapidly transports a variety of heterocyclic agents (including many natural product antiproliferative drugs) out of tumor cells thus abrogating their anticancer effects. P-gp can be competitively inhibited by exposure to antirheumatic drugs including antimalarials and cyclosporin A. Such inhibitors are being used as chemosensitizers (CS) to enhance the effects of chemotherapy in drug resistant tumors. P-gp is also expressed by some normal cells including macrophages and cytotoxic lymphocytes. Recent studies of purified natural killer (NK) cells have shown that both the drug efflux and NK cytotoxic functions can be inhibited by CS agents, suggesting that both drug efflux and cytotoxicity may be mediated by P-gp's molecular transport function. NK cell cytotoxicity is mediated by secreted molecules such as granzymes and perforins. Both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) producing macrophages and NK cells are present in the synovial tissues and fluid in early and advanced rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We hypothesize that antiarthritic effects of the antimalarials and cyclosporine and perhaps glucocorticoids are partially attributable to the inhibition of P-gp function thereby blocking TNF-alpha release by macrophages, TNF-alpha activation of NK cells, and NK cell secretion of cytotoxins in the rheumatoid joint. This hypothesis permits the mechanism of action of some antirheumatic drugs to be classified, and may aid in the development of combination therapy for RA and other autoimmune disorders. | |
| 8409458 | Complete Freund's adjuvant induces an earlier and more severe arthritis in MRL-lpr mice. | 1993 Nov 1 | A study was performed on the effect of CFA on the spontaneous arthritis of MRL-lpr mice. The development of swelling and erythema was monitored for 1 mo after injecting 13- to 14-wk-old mice intradermally with CFA, at which time the histopathology of the joints and serologic responses to extracellular matrix proteins were investigated. In a series of six experiments, 67 to 82% of mice showed early clinical evidence of arthritis in contrast to the low percentage observed in control animals. Similarly, the histopathologic analyses on the CFA-injected mice indicated a significantly higher frequency of advanced histopathologic alterations, characterized by cartilage erosion and pannus formation. The serologic evaluation of the adjuvant-injected mice demonstrated a significant enhanced antibody production to type I and type II collagens, DNA, and the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-positive control. This reproducible adjuvant-enhanced model of murine arthritis will be extremely useful in evaluating experimental therapeutic regimes as the arthritis is initiated earlier and exhibits an enhanced frequency and severity compared with the spontaneous arthritis seen in MRL-lpr mice. | |
| 8651963 | Slow progression of joint damage in early rheumatoid arthritis treated with cyclosporin A. | 1996 Jun | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of low-dose cyclosporin A (CsA) to control radiologic disease progression, and to assess the clinical efficacy and tolerability of CsA, compared with conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), in patients with early active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: In this long-term, multicenter, prospective, open, blinded end point, randomized trial, 361 consenting patients with early (<4 years since diagnosis) active RA were enrolled. Of the eligible patients, 167 were treated with CsA at 3 mg/kg/day, and 173 with DMARDs. The decision to use conventional antirheumatic drugs as controls was based on the fact that joint erosion could be expected to occur after 1 year regardless of the type of DMARD being used. The possibility of switching therapies in both groups was intended to keep the largest possible number of patients in the study. RESULTS: Blinded evaluation of hand and foot radiographs after 12 months of treatment showed that CsA led to a significant (P < 0.001) delay in the mean +/- SD progression in the eroded joint count (1.3 +/- 3.1 versus 2.4 +/- 3.0 for the control group) and in the joint damage score (3.6 +/- 8.9 versus 6.9 +/- 9.1 for the control group), both measured by the Larsen-Dale method. When only the patients without erosion at baseline were considered (37 in the CsA-treated group and 54 in the control group), erosion appeared in only 10.8% of the CsA-treated patients, but in 51.8% of the controls (P = 0.00005). Low-dose CsA was as effective as traditional DMARDs in controlling clinical symptoms. Maintenance on the initially prescribed treatment regimen ("survival on treatment") was also better at 12 months with CsA than with DMARDs (89.2% versus 77.5%; P = 0.002). The tolerability of CsA was acceptable. CONCLUSION: These 12-month results suggest that low-dose CsA decreases the rate of further joint damage in previously involved joints as well as the rate of new joint involvement in previously uninvolved joints, in patients with early RA. | |
| 8367633 | [Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: current and future]. | 1993 Jun | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic articular inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology. The therapeutic approach can be achieved at different levels: 1) symptomatic treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs which can relieve articular pain and stiffness, 2) second-line drugs (or DMARD, for Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drug) selected for their capacity to slow the rheumatoid process. During this last decade, sulfasalazine and methotrexate became an alternative choice to the "classical" slow-acting antirheumatic drugs such as gold, D-penicillamine or antimalarials. The extensive progress in basic immunology and especially in the immunopathology of RA has allowed the elaboration of a new approach to immunotherapy, aimed at molecular targets on cells from the "specific immunity" system or against mediators of the inflammatory process, such as the cytokines. | |
| 1613527 | Life expectancy after total hip arthroplasty. | 1992 Jun | The 6-year survival rate was investigated in 646 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or complications following femoral neck fracture between 1978 and 1982. A comparison of mortality was done between patients treated by osteosynthesis for fresh femoral neck fracture and a matched general population. The mortality was lower than that of the matched general population after total hip arthroplasty and even lower for patients treated for fresh femoral neck fracture. Patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis had the highest survival rate, followed by patients with rheumatoid arthritis and complications after femoral neck fractures. | |
| 8744729 | Role of hydrophobic amino acids at position 74 of DRB1 chain in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1995 | We have analyzed HLA class II alleles in a group of 153 Czech children with rheumatoid arthritis by PCR and hybridization with oligonucleotide probes. When we try to find a common sequence for all DRB1 alleles involved in juvenile and adult arthritis, we can notice hydrophobic amino acid at position 74, which is present in all these alleles, but not in nonsusceptible alleles, where is the hydrophilic amino acid at position 74. In our model, we speculate that the hydrophilic amino acid at position 74 creates a such kind of epitope which is not suitable for rheumatoid-associated peptides or T cells, and only hydrophobic amino acid can permit binding of these peptides or recognition by certain T cells. Analyses of the DPB1 sequences have shown that alleles which have a negatively charged amino acid at position 69, are more frequent in pauciarticular patients while those with a positively charged amino acid are more frequent in polyarticular patients. A positively charged amino acid at position 69 might present the same rheumatoid associated peptide as susceptible DRB1 alleles. The presence of more rheumatoid-associated peptide on the cell surface may cause conversion to more severe polyarticular forms. A negatively charged amino acid at position 69 could not present this peptide and a low concentration of the peptide on the cell surface presented just by DRB1 molecules keeps disease in a relatively benign condition of pauciarticular forms. | |
| 8915048 | Gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging of the wrist in rheumatoid arthritis: value of fat suppress | 1996 Oct | OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of fat-suppressed gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced MR imaging of the wrist in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Fat-suppressed Gd-enhanced T1-weighted spin-echo (SE) images were obtained and compared with other standard techniques in 38 wrists of 27 patients (22-77 years) with RA. Scoring based on the degree of synovial enhancement of each joint was developed and the total scores (J-score) were correlated with radiographic stage, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and symptomatic change in the follow-up study. RESULTS: Synovial proliferations showed marked enhancement in all the wrists. In addition, contrast enhancement in the bone marrow and tenosynovium was seen in 36 and eight wrists respectively. Fat-suppressed Gd-enhanced T1-weighted images demonstrated these abnormalities better than other techniques. The J-scores correlated well with values of CRP (P = 0.0034), but not with radiographic stages and ESR. CONCLUSION: Fat-suppressed Gd-enhanced T1-weighted SE images can clearly demonstrate most of the essential lesions in RA including the proliferative synovium, bone erosion, bone marrow inflammatory change, and tenosynovitis. Scoring based on the extent of Gd-enhancement of synovium can be useful in the assessment of the inflammatory status. |