Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8900949 | Quantitative analysis of hyaluronan in human synovial fluid using capillary electrophoresi | 1996 Feb | The glycosaminoglycan, hyaluronan, can be detected in human synovial fluid by capillary electrophoresis (CE). Variations in peak shape make this technique unsuitable for quantitative analysis of hyaluronan in raw synovial fluid. Quantitative analysis was achieved by hydrolysis of the polymeric hyaluronan to the tetrasaccharide by the action of testicular hyaluronidase and separation of the product using CE. A UV detector operating at 200 nm was used. The X-ray contrast material, omnipaque, a propriety aqueous solution of iohexol was used as internal standard. A second peak in the electropherogram of synovial fluid was quantified. The variation in concentrations of these two components correlate with the arthritic disease state of a joint. | |
| 8598501 | Impacts of foot orthoses on pain and disability in rheumatoid arthritics. | 1996 Jan | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) frequently causes foot pain and swelling that affect ambulation. Pharmaceutical management of pain and disability is standard in clinical practice. The use of functional posted foot orthoses, as an adjunct to pharmaceutical treatment, is a promising treatment for managing foot pain and disability in RA. Its effectiveness, however, has not been rigorously evaluated. We performed a double-blind clinical trial using foot orthoses vs. placebo orthoses in the management of the rheumatoid arthritic foot, while subjects continued customary treatment. On the basis of findings of no effect on disability and pain measures, this study indicates no benefit of functional posted foot orthoses over placebos. | |
| 7979576 | Labial salivary gland biopsy assessment in rheumatoid vasculitis. | 1994 Oct | OBJECTIVES: To assess the vascular involvement in labial salivary gland (LSG) from patients with rheumatoid vasculitis (RV). METHODS: Forty seven patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) took part in a prospective study. Among them, 12 had proven RV. LSG biopsy was performed after local anaesthesia. RESULTS: Histological appearance of inflammatory vascular damage was observed in all but one patient with proven RV (92%). Inflammatory vascular involvement was also identified in LSG biopsy of seven patients with RA (20%) and only one patient in the control group (8%). A second specimen of LSG was studied after a mean treatment period of six months and failed to show any feature of inflammatory vascular involvement in three of the five cases that were analysed. CONCLUSIONS: The study emphasises the high incidence of immunopathological features of microvascular damage in patients with RV. LSG biopsy is minimally invasive and may be a potential useful tool for the diagnosis of RV especially when skin lesions are absent or impossible to biopsy. The assessment of the predictive value of positive LSG biopsy in RA requires a long term prospective study. | |
| 8334712 | Coping with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1993 Jun | RA patients may develop a coping style early in the illness and utilize their favourite strategies when confronted with the stressor of illness. Little distinction was found between specific illness stressors, i.e. pain vs. disability, or whether a strategy had been successfully used before. In the face of a new illness, strategies may be tried out over a period of time, as the stressor is one for which everyday coping strategies are no longer appropriate or sufficient. As one health psychologist has written, 'Individuals' coping responses are often spontaneous; that is, people do what comes naturally to them and what has worked in the past. But sometimes these efforts will not be enough. The stressor may be so novel, so chronic, or so elusive that people's own efforts may be unsuccessful in reducing stress' (Taylor, 1985, p 213). | |
| 7641506 | CT and MRI evaluation of tenosynovitis of the rheumatoid hindfoot. | 1995 May | Thirty-nine patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had presented with tarsitis before, were investigated at the level of the rearfoot. The first 17 patients had CT with previous tenography when it was possible; the following 22 patients had MRI with gadolinium injection. Tendon involvement appeared in 52.9% of the cases on CT, and in 90% of the feet on MRI; therefore, in case of clinical or radiological signs of tarsitis, it appears that tendon involvement must be suspected. With the two procedures the tibialis posterior tendon lesions were very predominant. In the majority of the patients (31/39), there was associated involvement of two or more tendons. If there is a ruptured tendon, the authors think that one must be cautious with surgical tendinous transfer; indeed, the long-term results of this surgical procedure present a strong probability of being compromised in rheumatoid arthritis which is a progressive disease. | |
| 8378772 | Effects of oral administration of type II collagen on rheumatoid arthritis. | 1993 Sep 24 | Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory synovial disease thought to involve T cells reacting to an antigen within the joint. Type II collagen is the major protein in articular cartilage and is a potential autoantigen in this disease. Oral tolerization to autoantigens suppresses animal models of T cell-mediated autoimmune disease, including two models of rheumatoid arthritis. In this randomized, double-blind trial involving 60 patients with severe, active rheumatoid arthritis, a decrease in the number of swollen joints and tender joints occurred in subjects fed chicken type II collagen for 3 months but not in those that received a placebo. Four patients in the collagen group had complete remission of the disease. No side effects were evident. These data demonstrate clinical efficacy of an oral tolerization approach for rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 7483876 | [Treatment of supracondylar femoral fracture proximal to a knee joint endoprosthesis by re | 1995 | A case of a supracondylar femoral fracture proximal to a total knee prosthesis is reported. This difficult fracture was managed with retrograde intramedullary locked nailing. The time to union was 6 weeks. Cancellous bone grafting was not necessary. At final follow up the patient had a knee score of 90 and a functional score of 80 points. This was equal to the result after joint replacement prior to the injury. | |
| 8441161 | Evaluation of the Thompson articular index. | 1993 Jan | Three articular indices for measuring disease activity are compared. In a cross sectional study the Thompson articular index (a modified Lansbury index) correlated better with laboratory variables than the Ritchie articular index or a swollen joint score (Thompson 0.74-0.77; Ritchie 0.57-0.58; swollen joint count 0.51-0.59). In a longitudinal study it was shown that the Thompson articular index is sensitive to detect changes of disease activity. We suggest that this index is appropriate for clinical trials. | |
| 8777850 | Thrombocytopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on long-term treatment with low dos | 1996 Mar | We reviewed the records of 315 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with low-dose methotrexate (MTX) and evaluated the conditions contributing to thrombocytopenia. Thirteen out of 315 patients with RA presented with low platelet counts (< or = 100.000/mm3). The age of these patients (51 +/- 12.6 years) did not correlate with thrombocytopenia (r = 0.211, p > 0.05). Thrombocytopenia resulted from coadministration of MTX and NSAID or multiple drug interactions. We observed a significant (r = 0.48, p < 0.05) increase of discontinuation of NSAID's but not of MTX therapy (r = 0.42, p > 0.05) with a mounting weekly dosage of MTX (12.5 +/- 5 mg orally). There was a significant correlation between this weekly dosage of MTX coadministered on the same day with NSAID and thrombocytopenia (r = 0.6, p < 0.05). In most cases (9/13) MTX was not or just temporarily withdrawn. Three of the remaining patients had multiple drug interactions. Reintroduction of low dose MTX treatment in patients having had thrombocytopenia could be performed safely, if thrombocytopenia occurred as a result of concomitant application of MTX and NSAID and no other multiple drug interactions. Preferably, MTX and NSAID should be given to these risk patients on separate days or intervals considering half time clearance of NSAIDs. This procedure has avoided the reoccurrence of thrombocytopenia and controlled further drug interactions of NSAIDs and MTX in our patients. | |
| 7725810 | [Erythropoietin--therapeutic option in chronic polyarthritis-induced anemia]. | 1995 Jan | Twenty-three patients with rheumatoid arthritis and relevant anemia (hemoglobin < 11 g/dl) received recombinant erythropoietin (epo) in a therapy study; 90% were responders. A positive correlation of the total epo dose and the amelioration of parameters of red cell line and a negative correlation of the effect of epo and the systemic activity of the rheumatoid arthritis was found. The effect of the treatment was improved if higher serum iron and serum ferritin values were preexistent. Using appropriate doses of epo even patients with very active disease could be treated successfully. Especially in these cases epo is a valuable expansion of the therapeutic spectrum. | |
| 8316339 | [Long-term therapy with gold salts in rheumatoid arthritis. Review of the literature and p | 1993 May | The present study concerns the controversial subject of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapy and particularly use of orally administered gold salts (auric triethylphosphine-Auranofin). It contains the results of a study conducted on 10 patients affected with RA who were treated with auric triethylphosphine associated with conventional therapy for a period varying from 4 to 8 years. The efficacy of this therapy in these patients was comparable to that observed in a survey of other studies. The authors conclude that there are advantages offered to RA patients utilizing chrysotherapy and particularly Auranofin can be administered for an extended period without the development of collateral effects in other organs or systems. | |
| 1363476 | Persistent depletion of CD4+ T cells and inversion of the CD4/CD8 T cell ratio induced by | 1992 Dec | A 49-year-old patient with refractory rheumatoid arthritis was treated repeatedly with anti-CD4 murine monoclonal antibodies. While the first anti-CD4 treatment resulted in a marked, however transient, depletion of CD4+ cells from 1070 to a minimum of 175/microliters, a second treatment cycle resulted in a persistent decrease. Despite this marked depletion, no major clinical improvement occurred, which was in striking contrast to other patients treated in a similar way. Of interest, the administration of low doses of chlorambucil led to significant clinical benefits. Markedly reduced numbers of CD4+ cells (200-500/microliters) were observed for more than 2 years, while the numbers of CD8+ cells increased after the second treatment. No infectious episodes occurred. Discontinuation of chlorambucil did not lead to increasing amounts of CD4+ cells. In contrast to the rapid reduction of CD4+ cells from the blood stream induced by anti-CD4 infusions, there was a considerable delay until altered CD4/CD8 ratios were observed in intraarticular sites. No evidence was found for either humoral or cellular immune reactivities towards CD4+ T helper cells. Our findings suggest that in certain patients undergoing anti-CD4 therapy there may be a reduced capacity of the CD4+ T helper cell pool to regenerate. | |
| 8833057 | Combination sulfasalazine and methotrexate in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1996 Mar | I wished to review the pharmacology and current clinical experience with the combination of methotrexate and sulfasalazine as a management for rheumatoid arthritis. To date, no double blind randomized placebo controlled studies have been reported, though such studies are under way. Published experience is in excess of 100 patients and for as long as 8 years of followup. To date, the combination would appear to be well tolerated, with comparable toxicities to the individual agents taken as monotherapy. Withdrawal flare reports support a positive clinical effect of this combination. The results of ongoing controlled trials are awaited with interest. | |
| 8597247 | Beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase variations in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1995 | Evidence indicating an important link between glycosylation changes and autoimmune rheumatic disease is presented. Attention is especially focused on the interrelationship between reduced galactosylation of the oligosaccharides of IgG, auto-sensitization to which is thought to be of central importance in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the enzyme beta 1,4-Galactosyltransferase (GTase) that catalyses the addition of galactose to the oligosaccharide chains on this molecule. Data are presented to indicate that GTase undergoes a variety of normal and disease associated changes. These variations are believed to contribute to the pathological processes in rheumatoid disease, and a hypothesis is suggested, whereby disease is associated with the dysregulation of an integrated glycosylation network, comprising IgG galactosylation, lymphocytic GTase and anti-GTase antibodies, that is a component of the normal immune system. | |
| 8724294 | Determinants of hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1996 May | OBJECTIVE: To investigate which clinical variables contribute to the function of the hand in activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: In 50 patients with RA hand function in ADL was assessed by (1) the dexterity items of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS), (2) direct observation of the same items by an occupational therapist, and (3) the Jebsen hand function test. A combined hand function factor was constructed by principal component analysis of the 3 hand function measures. Further assessments included measurements of muscle strength, deformity and destruction, range of motion, and local arthritis activity. After bivariate analyses, variables that correlated significantly with the measures of hand function were entered into stepwise multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: The variables having a significant correlation with most of the hand function measures were: pinch and grip strength, patient's assessment of pain and stiffness of the hands, flexion of the thumb and fingers, range of motion of the wrist, alignment of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints, swan neck and Z deformities, and the Larsen erosion score. 78% of the variance of the combined hand function factor could be explained by pinch strength, stiffness of the hands, and the presence of Z deformity and ulnar deviation. CONCLUSION: Pinch and grip strength should be carefully considered in setting goals for conservative or surgical treatment of the rheumatoid hand. In addition, reported stiffness of the hands, malalignment of the MCP joints, and flexion and deformity of the thumb were the most consistent indicators of impaired hand function. | |
| 8792801 | Interleukin-2 is found in the synovium of psoriatic arthritis and spondyloarthritis, not i | 1996 | Objective of this project was to determine whether synovial expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in arthritis is a disease-specific phenomenon. Immunohistological examination of needle biopsies from 7 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients never exposed to disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), 13 RA patients on DMARDs, 4 patients with seronegative spondyloarthritis (SpA), and 5 psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients. Biopsies were either snap-frozen immediately or cultured for 48 hr, with and without phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) prior to APAAP staining. In snap-frozen biopsies, IL-2 was detected in none of 18 RA samples with significant T cell infiltrates. In contrast, IL-2 was seen in 7/9 PsA/SpA samples. After culture without PHA, IL-2 was detected in 0/14 RA and 5/6 PsA/SpA samples; with PHA, IL-2 was present in 1/14 RA and 2/2 PsA/SPA samples. Synovial IL-2 protein expression appears to distinguish between RA (absent) and PsA/SpA (present). This may reflect a difference in pathophysiology between these diseases. | |
| 7738942 | Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and soluble IL-2 receptor levels in patients with rheumatoid arthriti | 1995 Feb | OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of oral methotrexate (MTX) on circulating levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: We measured serum concentrations of IL-6 (n = 20) and sIL-2R (n = 16) before MTX therapy and again after 12 weeks. RESULTS: MTX significantly reduced IL-6 and sIL-2R after 12 weeks of therapy, and although the levels remained low at 24 weeks of therapy, the reduction was not significant. Reduction in cytokine levels was paralleled by an improvement in clinical indices. Placebo treatment did not significantly alter IL-6 or sIL-2R. CONCLUSION: MTX appears capable of cytokine modulation, although the mechanism is not clear. | |
| 8505493 | Misoprostol healed a benign nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-induced gastric ulcer in a | 1993 Apr | A patient with rheumatoid arthritis, who also had documented achlorhydria, first had the diagnosis of an antral ulcer made by barium meal in 1980. She did well taking cimetidine intermittently after that, along with various nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In 1988, a shallow antral ulcer was found, but the patient did not respond to H2 blockade or to sucralfate. At that time misoprostol therapy was prescribed. Despite the continued use of NSAIDs, the ulcer healed. It has remained healed for the past 3 years. | |
| 1282287 | [Pain reduction by trans-articular atlanto-axial screw fixation in patients with chronic p | 1992 Sep | To reduce the risk of cervical myelopathy, 32 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and atlanto-axial dislocation (AAD) underwent a suboccipital fusion. All patients were interviewed with a pain questionnaire after a mean postoperative follow-up of 21 months (range 2-46). The results indicate a significant postoperative pain reduction as assessed by a visual numeric analogue scale, as well as a reduction of analgesic consumption. | |
| 1475631 | Efficacy of cyclosporin A in rheumatoid arthritis: long-term follow-up data and the effect | 1992 | Cyclosporin A is a potent immunomodulator which was used initially in organ transplantation. It has subsequently been used in the management of various autoimmune conditions. This paper is concerned with experience to date with cyclosporin A in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It considers the major clinical trials, long-term experience, and the impact of cyclosporin A on quality of life. |