Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6089675 | Heparin modulates intracellular cyclic AMP in human trabecular bone cells and adherent rhe | 1984 Aug | Cells were cultured from explants of human trabecular bone excised from eight patients and incubated usually for 20 minutes with bovine parathyroid hormone, salmon calcitonin, prostaglandin E2, or heparin. The intracellular content of cyclic AMP was measured by radioimmunoassay and was significantly increased by parathyroid hormone in four, by calcitonin in two, by prostaglandin E2 in eight, and by heparin in seven out of eight cultures. In the two cultures containing calcitonin-responsive cells heparin inhibited the cyclic AMP response induced by calcitonin. Heparin did not affect the cyclic AMP response to parathyroid hormone or prostaglandin E2. Heparin also increased the cyclic AMP content of cultured adherent rheumatoid synovial cells. It is proposed that, in certain situations of focal pathological bone resorption, although concentrations of circulating hormones may be normal, the local release of products such as heparin may modify the effect of hormones which regulate connective tissue homoeostasis. local changes in hormone responses could contribute to the enhanced bone resorption associated with inflammatory processes such as rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6228352 | T cell subsets in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: reduction of cells with Leu 2A pheno | 1983 Nov | The distribution of T cell subsets in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 28 controls was evaluated using the monoclonal anti-human T cell antibodies, alpha-Leu 1, alpha-Leu 2a and alpha-Leu 3a. A reduced number of cells with Leu 2a phenotype was observed in the group of patients with active RA. When patients were classified according to both disease activity and the presence of IgG or IgM immunocomplexes, a good correlation was observed between reduced Leu 2a+ numbers and the presence of IgG immunocomplexes. Patients without serum IC had normal numbers of Leu 2a T cells, independently of the activity of the disease. The significance of these results to the understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of RA is discussed. | |
| 4468863 | Ultrastructure of cells binding immunoglobulin-coated erythrocytes in rheumatoid arthritis | 1974 Aug | Rosettes obtained by mixing blood mononuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and rabbit IgG-coated erythrocytes were examined after micromanipulation. When leucocytes were fractionated by filtration on polyamide fibres, rosettes were all formed by lymphocytes which had an homogeneous morphological appearance. They contained monoribosomes, dense lysosomes and exhibited some degree of membrane activity giving rise to small cytoplasmic projections which firmly bound red cells. On some occasions ingestion of small erythrocyte fragments could be seen. When rosette formation was carried out with cells isolated by centrifugation on Ficoll, a great number of rosette-forming cells appeared to be monocytes. These cells had numerous finger-like projections which deformed and phagocytosed red cells. The detection of monocytes in this system is interpreted as resulting from the presence of surface receptors for IgG molecules. The ultrastructural features of the rosette-forming lymphocytes are discussed with respect to their content in organelles related to protein synthesis and pinocytosis, and also to their membrane activity induced by interaction with IgG-coated erythrocytes. | |
| 6723129 | Bio-inorganic effects of D-penicillamine in children and in the elderly. | 1984 | The principle mechanisms of action of dimethylcysteine (D-penicillamine) are thiazolidine formation, sulphhydryl -disulphide exchange, chelation and superoxide dismutase-like activity; as a consequence, it can enter into many varied biological interactions. Thiazolidine formation with maturing collagen makes D-penicillamine potentially teratogenic; sulphhydryl -disulphide exchange allows the formation of a mixed disulphide with L-cysteine from the L-cystine dimer; chelation permits it to bind metals such as copper; and superoxide scavenging makes it theoretically capable of influencing the inflammatory response of specific cell systems. Not surprising, D-penicillamine is of value in the treatment of cystinuria, Wilson's disease, juvenile rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis and various other conditions. | |
| 7021261 | Flufenamic acid and placebo compared in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. | 1981 | Forty patients in general practice with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis were identified as suffering from moderate pain and tenderness and moderate stiffness in excess of 30 minutes. After discontinuation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for 2 weeks, a crossover study was conducted comparing the benefits of flufenamic acid, 100 mg, four times daily with placebo. At the same time, paracetamol at a dose up to 8 x 500 mg daily, could be used for pain which the patient judged to be unrelieved. Thirty-four patients completed the two 3-week test periods and twenty-one patients were improved in relation to morning stiffness and pain by flufenamic acid and twelve patients by placebo--a difference greater than would have occurred by chance (p = 0.05). At the same time, paracetamol consumption was reduced significantly fron a mean of 91.29 tablets to 60.68 tablets for each 3-week period. Side-effects occurred in ten patients on placebo and fifteen patients on flufenamic acid. One patient on each medication had to discontinue for multiple side-effects. Diarrhoea occurred in two patients on flufenamic acid and in one patient on placebo. Flufenamic acid is clearly effective and side-effects do not occur more often than would be expected by chance when compared with placebo. | |
| 999557 | Rheumatoid nodules of the upper lid. Report of a case. | 1976 Dec | Severe rheumatoid arthritis with rheumatoid nodules on the left upper lid occurred in a 72-year-old woman. Rheumatoid nodules may break down either spontaneously or secondary to trauma. When breakdown occurs, debridement and closure are recommeneded. | |
| 782839 | Which antirheumatic drug? | 1976 | Successful therapy in a chronic rheumatic disease means choosing the right drug for the right patient with the right condition at the right time. In the treatment of gout three different types of treatment are given: for the acute episode, suppression and long-term therapy. Misuse of long-term therapy for acute gout will often aggravate the condition. As regards rheumatoid arthritis, in the absence of a known aetiology, treatment is essentially empirical and palliative; the use of milder well-tolerated anti-inflammatory agents for the less severe cases, more effective and more toxic agents for the more severe cases, and slow acting long-term agents for those not responding to previous measures is discussed. Night pain and morning stiffness has its own therapy. The place of corticosteroids throughout the whole field of rheumatology is evaluated. In the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus corticosteroids still hold first place, but the cytotoxic (immunosuppressive) agents also play a part, though an arguable one. | |
| 6220848 | Complement-mediated inhibition of immune precipitation in patients with immune complex dis | 1983 Feb | The ability of human sera to prevent the precipitation of antigen-antibody complexes has been investigated. The early complement components including C3 are required for optimal prevention of immune precipitation, whereas the later components are not required. The sera of 36 of 75 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 14 of 32 with SLE and four of 17 with glomerulonephritis exhibited reduced capacities to prevent immune precipitation. In contrast sera from patients with seronegative RA, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis or degenerative joint disease were normal in this respect. In SLE and GN sera hypocomplementaemia was frequently associated but not always with failure to prevent immune precipitation, whereas only a small proportion of the patients with seropositive RA and reduced capacity to retain complexes in a soluble form were hypocomplementaemic. Thus the failure of sera to prevent the precipitation of antigen-antibody complexes is not always associated with hypocomplementaemia. | |
| 134716 | Carrageenin-induced arthritis. II. Effect of intraarticular injection of carrageenin on th | 1976 Sep | An inflammation of the periarticular tissue induced by the intraarticular injection of carrageenin caused a 40-75% decrease in the rate of proteoglycan synthesis in the articular cartilage. This decrease was determined both in vitro and in vivo. Provided that the collagen network of the cartilage was not disrupted, the chondrocytes were able to recover this synthetic ability and exhibited rates of synthesis above those of the controls. This ability resulted in a net replacement of the proteoglycan lost during the initial period of inflammation. | |
| 6252972 | A latent collagenase from rheumatoid synovial fluid. Purification and partial characteriza | 1980 Sep 9 | 1. A latent collagenase (EC 3.4.24.3) has been isolated from rheumatoid synovial fluids and purified by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and column chromatography, utilising Sephadex G-150, DEAE Sephadex A-50 and Sephadex G-100 superfine grade. 2. The final preparation activated by trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4) had a specific activity against thermally reconstituted collagen fibrils of 259 micrograms collagen degraded/min per mg enzyme protein, representing a nearly 800-fold increase over that of the original rheumatoid synovial fluid. 3. The latent collagenase preparation can be activated by trypsin and to some extent by HgCl2 but not by 3 M NaSCN, 3.5 M NaCl, 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) or p-chloromercuribenzoate. 4. Inhibition studies and the acrylamide gel electrophoretic pattern of collagen degradation products showed that the trypsin-activated enzyme has the essential features of a neutral collagenase. 5. The molecular weights, determined by calibrated gel filtration, were 52 000 and 43 000 for the latent and the activated enzyme, respectively. 6. The nature of the latency of synovial fluid collagenase is discussed. | |
| 3913770 | Clinical pharmacology of very low dose methotrexate for use in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1985 Dec | The clinical pharmacokinetics of methotrexate, particularly when the drug is used at low doses for nonmalignant disease, are complicated and require extensive study. Bioavailability of the drug may be influenced--at least in part--by food intake. Biliary excretion can compensate for decreased renal excretion of methotrexate to some degree. However, further studies of the renal excretion of methotrexate are needed. | |
| 6328644 | [Recent aspects of Epstein-Barr virus infections]. | 1984 Apr 14 | Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is regularly associated with Burkitt's lymphoma (nasopharyngeal carcinoma) and has been extensively documented as causal in infectious mononucleosis. Recently it has become evident that this virus is associated or handled differently in patients with a variety of immunological disorders. If the mechanisms that normally limit the effects of EBV infection are blunted, as in rheumatoid arthritis, antibody responses to EBV induced cellular antigens are significantly higher than in healthy individuals. In the host with more profound immunosuppression a polyclonal B cell lymphoproliferation takes place which may progress to the monoclonal proliferation of true lymphoma. | |
| 6205434 | Studies of histamine in the rheumatoid joint. | 1984 | Fragments of synovial membranes from three patients with rheumatoid arthritis were incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM). Histamine was released into the medium at rates up to 649.3 ng/g synovium/day. To investigate whether histamine in synovial fluid may have more than a vasoactive role, cells cultured from human trabecular bone adjacent to a rheumatoid joint and human adherent rheumatoid synovial cells were incubated with different concentrations of histamine for 5 min. Histamine increased the intracellular content of cyclic AMP up to three fold in a dose-related manner but had no effect on synovial cells. This offers preliminary evidence that cells grown from human trabecular bone have histamine receptors. | |
| 3878485 | Necrotizing scleritis. A clinico-pathologic study of 41 cases. | 1985 Nov | Scleritis is not a single clinical or pathologic entity. It has several distinct forms. A clinico-pathologic study of 41 cases of necrotizing scleritis suggests that these different histopathologic forms of disease may reflect different mechanisms of immunopathogenesis. These cases were divided into three main groups: (1) scleral inflammations associated with various systemic autoimmune diseases, including 11 cases of rheumatoid arthritis, three cases of Wegener's granulomatosis, one case of polychondritis, and one case of Goodpasture's syndrome; (2) infectious scleritis, consisting of four cases of herpes zoster ophthalmicus and two cases of pseudomonas scleritis; and (3) idiopathic scleritis, without evidence of systematic disorder, consisting of 19 cases. The first group exhibited predominantly necrosis of the sclera surrounded by granulomatous inflammation and vasculitis. None of these cases showed lymphoid follicles, or healing attempts manifested by proliferation of fibroblasts and blood vessels at the site of inflammation. The idiopathic group revealed few small foci of scleral necrosis and mainly non-granulomatous inflammation. In addition, there was evidence of proliferation of granulation tissue and lymphoid follicles in this group of eyes. | |
| 6366224 | Presence of "rheumatoid neoantigen-like material" in urine of patients with RA, demonstrat | 1983 Dec | Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) when used in the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay were capable of distinguishing antigenic differences between rheumatoid and osteoarthritic synovial membrane extracts. The positive LAI response of RA patients was negated by preincubating the cells with sera or urine proteins obtained from LAI nonreactive RA patients. This study suggests that LAI nonreactive RA subjects have in their serum a material cross reactive with rheumatoid synovium which we have called "rheumatoid neoantigen-like material" which is excreted in their urine, and is capable of being recognized by PBL of reactive, LAI positive RA patients. | |
| 6511133 | Nephrotic syndrome with reversible severe renal failure after gold therapy. | 1984 Oct | A patient with rheumatoid arthritis developed nephrotic syndrome with reversible renal failure following gold therapy. Histological examination of renal biopsy disclosed the typical picture of membranous nephropathy. After prolonged treatment with steroids and cyclophosphamide, complete recovery was achieved. The likely mechanism involved and the clinical implications are discussed. | |
| 6413685 | Cell-bound gold (CBG) in patients treated with aurothioglucose and with auranofin. A compa | 1983 Aug | Three different methods of determining the cell-bound gold concentration were compared in patients given intramuscular and oral chrysotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis. We found a strong correlation between the different methods and no difference between 2 washing procedures. | |
| 6755388 | [Anticentromere antibodies. Diagnostic and prognostic value]. | 1982 Oct 9 | The results of investigations for antinuclear antibodies in scleroderma and other connective diseases are reported. An indirect fluorescence method on Hep-2 cell smears was used. Antibodies directed against chromosomal centromeres were detected in 25 cases: 19 sera of patients with diffuse scleroderma, 2 cases of Raynaud's disease, 2 cases of rheumatoid arthritis and 1 case each of lupus and dermatomyositis. A significant correlation was found between the presence of anticentromere antibodies and benign forms of scleroderma, notably the CREST syndrome. | |
| 503243 | [D-Penacillamine. From constituent of penicillins to significant drug]. | 1979 Sep | D-Penicillamine is used against a variety of diseases. For many years it has been successful in treating Wilson's disease, cystinuria and heavy-metal poisonings. It also proved to be effective against rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, chronic active hepatitis, pulmonary fibrosis and multiple sclerosis. However, the use of D-penicillamine is still limited owing to the frequent occurrence of considerable, though generally reversible, side effects. This article deals with the history of D-penicillamine as well as the methods of its synthesis, its pharmacokinetics, effects and side effects. In addition, the significance of the stereo isomeric L-penicillamine is discussed. | |
| 6297524 | [Regulation of the functions of human leukocytes by oxametacine]. | 1982 Nov 15 | Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as oxametacine, are generally used in treatment of rheumatoid disease. In an 'in vitro' experimental model, the drug efficacy was tested on leukocyte functions. Locomotion, both random and directional, phagocytic activity and superoxide production of normal and rheumatoid PMNL were tested in the presence of varying concentrations of oxometacine. Locomotion was evaluated by using modified Boyden chambers; phagocytosis was tested by number of yeast particles injested and by NBT reduction; superoxide production was assayed by reduction of ferricytochrome C. In our conditions the drug exhibited a strong anti-inflammatory effect. In fact, chemotaxis and anion production were specifically depressed in a dose-dependent way. |