Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6251941 | Clinical and morphological features of gold neuropathy. | 1980 Sep | Three cases of gold-related neuropathy are reported. Clinical features include an acute, symmetrically progressive polyneuropathy, focal or generalized myokymia and a tendency for initial neurological deterioration followed by improvement, after cessation of chrysotherapy. The degree of clinical recovery related to maximal disability. Morphological findings on sural nerve biopsies revealed both axonal degeneration and segmental remyelination. Similar peripheral nerve histology was seen in a parallel animal study in which the severity of the neuropathy was dose-related. | |
| 6214261 | Prior gold therapy does not influence the adverse effects of D-penicillamine in rheumatoid | 1982 Aug | One hundred fourteen patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis were followed prospectively between January 1976 and April 1981 to monitor their toxicity pattern to D-penicillamine. The influence of previous sodium aurothiomalate therapy on the toxicity pattern of D-penicillamine is described. There was no significant difference in overall outcome of the patients treated with D-penicillamine with respect to adverse effects, whether they had previous gold toxicity, previous gold therapy but no toxicity, or no previous gold therapy. The time from gold toxicity to the start of D-penicillamine therapy was greater in those who did not develop D-penicillamine toxicity compared with those who did. This difference just reached statistical significance. Total gold salt received had no effect on eventual outcome of D-penicillamine treatment, and the toxicity pattern of D-penicillamine in those patients who had previous gold therapy was similar to those patients who had never received gold therapy. | |
| 6408256 | Loose stools during auranofin treatment: clinical study and some pathogenetic possibilitie | 1983 Apr | Loose stools, one of the most frequent adverse reactions ascribed to the orally absorbed gold compound auranofin (AF), was studied during a longterm trial. At some time during the study 44% of 25 patients reported the occurrence of loose stools. No infection or signs of malabsorption were found; nor were loose stools caused by the presence of osmotically active substances in the gut lumen. Arguments for a direct effect of AF on the ion and water absorption in the intestine are given. Although no morphological studies on biopsy material are available, the known side effects of the drug do not seem to warrant its discontinuation in suitable patients. | |
| 6178755 | Peripheral T lymphocytes from rheumatoid arthritis patients recognize determinants on ligh | 1982 Aug | Peripheral blood T lymphocytes from 29 of 31 patients with rheumatoid arthritis incorporated significant quantities of thymidine when cultured with pooled human immunoglobulin G (IgG). In contrast to the observation of general reactivity to pooled Igg, responses to pooled IgM were rare (3 of 26 patients). None of 11 controls responded to either IgG or IgM. Response to IgG is maximal on day 6 of culture and is dependent on concentration of IgG. The responding cells recognize determinants on monoclonal light chains and/or Fab fragments. Response to light chains follows one of three patterns: preferential response to lambda chains, preferential response to kappa chains, and essentially equal response to either kappa of lambda chains. | |
| 6601157 | False positive results in class-specific rheumatoid factor (RF) assays due to interaction | 1983 Mar 11 | A recently developed, simple immunological method, diffusion-in-gel ELISA, has been adapted for class-specific determination of rheumatoid factor (RF). Evidence was obtained of an analytical error due to interaction between RF and antigenic determinants on the Fc part of the indicator immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules used. This was eliminated by replacing the usual indicator reagent, complete Ig molecules, by conjugated Fab or F(ab')2 fragments. The findings imply that unless the RF-Fc interaction mentioned is avoided in the assaying technique, false positive results may be obtained for, e.g. IgG RF and IgA RF in sera containing IgM RF. | |
| 6165072 | Beta2-microglobulin-containing IgG complexes in sera and synovial fluids of rheumatoid art | 1981 | The occurrence and composition of complexed beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) in sera and synovial fluids of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus patients and control persons was investigated. Beta2m-containing complexes were detected in immune complex (IC)-enriched fractions isolated by precipitation with 3% polyethylene glycol 6000, in the macromolecular peaks after Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, and in IC desorbed from solid-phase Clq. Beta2m complexes were demonstrated also after precipitation of redissolved PEG-insoluble material by anti-human beta2m serum or isolation of the complexes by use of Sephadex-anti-beta2m. IgG was co-isolated with beta2m on Sephadex-anti-beta2m and free beta2m inhibited the binding of IgG to Sephadex anti-beta2m, indicating that IgG was present in the complexed beta2m. Analysis by SDS-polyacrylamide gradient electrophoresis under reducing conditions indicated that the purified beta2m complexes contained IgG and beta2m. | |
| 3878754 | The rheumatoid synovial membrane participates in systemic anti-viral immune responses. | 1985 Dec | Sixteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis were systemically immunized with influenza virus vaccine and in vitro anti-influenza antibody responses by blood lymphocytes and lymphocytes isolated from synovectomy specimens were measured after in vitro challenge with this influenza antigen. Synovial lymphocytes from eight of these patients produced anti-viral antibody, thereby indicating that infiltrating lymphocytes participate in a systemic anti-viral immune response. | |
| 239425 | The secretion of enzymes into the pericellular environment. | 1975 Jul 17 | Connective tissue cells are capable of both synthesizing and degrading the macromolecular components of the extracellular matrix. The degradation of proteoglycan and collagen has been shown to be associated with the extracellular release of proteolytic enzymes, some of which are of lysosomal origin. The identity in carilage of two previously unrecognized proteases, capable of proteoglycan breakdown (CPGases), has recently been achieved by the use of a new assay for proteoglycan degradation. These enzymes have been shown to be synthesized and released in response to vitamin A. The third proteoglycan degrading enzyme of connective tissue cells, cathepsin D, has been located in the pericellular environment by trapping with specific antibody and the pattern of release studied in organ culture, experimental arthritis and in human rheumatoid tissues. The secretion of this enzyme and possibly also of the other CPGases is thought to be of importance in the local (pericellular) turnover of matrix macromolecules and, in association with collagenase, to be the cause of the excessive degradation in the pannus erosion of articular cartilage in rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 7069681 | Madreporique stemmed total hip replacement: five years' clinical experience. | 1982 Mar | Between February 1975 and December 1980, 1214 total hip arthroplasties were performed with a new type of rough surface implant. The results, pitfalls and complications are presented with special reference to the first 173 cases which have had a complete clinical and radiological follow up for at least five years. The indications for operations in both primary and revision arthroplasties are defined. | |
| 6807175 | Neutrophils: release of mediators of inflammation with special reference to rheumatoid art | 1982 | The encounter of neutrophils with immune complexes and complement components, in the bulk phase or on a surface, leads to their secretion of lysosomal hydrolases, especially neutral proteases, which provoke tissue injury. Secretion of lysosomal enzymes and generation of reactive oxygen species (e.g., O(2)) is part of a stimulus-secretion response to a variety of secretagogues, including immune complexes and complement components. However, the pathways of secretion and O(2) generation are stimulus-specific and can be dissected to establish cause and effect relationships by means of: a) kinetic analysis, b) variations in the stimulus, and c) use of impermeant reagents to block discrete responses. Neutrophils also generate products of 11-cyclooxygenase (e.g., PGE2, TxA2) and of the 5-and 15-lipoxygenases (mono-, di-, and tri-HETEs, LTB4, and their isomers). But the cyclooxygenase products (save TxA2) are not phlogistic by themselves: they inhibit the functions of neutrophils, platelets, macrophages, and mast cells. The most potent pro-inflammatory agent yet identified as a product of arachidonate is LTB4. LTB4 is a potent Ca ionophore, constricts airways, is a potent chemoattractant, and induces local inflammation. | |
| 114648 | The aurosome. | 1979 | Aurosomes are lysosomal bodies containing gold. Colloidal gold produces aurosomes containing spherical electron-dense granules. Soluble gold salts produce aurosomes containing lamellar, filamentous and rod-like profiles studded with particles and granules. This morphological pattern is quite distinctive, and is not affected or altered by which particular soluble gold salt is administered, by which route it is administered or in which species or cell type the aurosome occurs. In the skin of patients treated with soluble gold salts the characteristics electron-dense formations indicating the presence of gold are often found in compound melanosomes and other lysosomes in the dermal macrophages; while in the synovial membrane these characteristic electron-dense deposits are seen in the numerous lysosomes that develop in the rheumatoid synovial membrane. Thus it would appear that while aurosomes may vary somewhat in morphology, the electron dense contents indicating the presence of gold have a fairly constant morphology. | |
| 6371778 | Exercise in the management and rehabilitation of selected chronic diseases. | 1984 Jan | The effects of exercise on the progression of eight chronic diseases or medical conditions are reviewed. In the case of coronary artery disease (CAD), there is some suggestive evidence that exercise is associated with a survival advantage. Exercise does not consistently increase blood flow in peripheral vascular disease, nor does it improve lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, it is associated with increased physical work capacity in these two conditions. Preliminary studies suggest that exercise may be beneficial in the management of pulmonary secretions in patients with cystic fibrosis. Exercise has no therapeutic role in acute exacerbations of rheumatoid arthritis, but in the chronic stages, exercise that does not cause pain may be beneficial. Exercise is the focal point of chronic pain syndrome programs. With exercise programs, patients with chronic pain can increase physical work capacity with a decrease in complaints of pain. Patients with osteoporosis appear to benefit from a carefully programmed low-level exercise program that avoids back flexion exercises. Blood glucose, hypertension, and serum lipid levels improve with exercise in patients with dialysis-dependent renal failure. | |
| 3001140 | Self-perpetuating mechanisms of immunoglobulin G aggregation in rheumatoid inflammation. | 1985 Dec | When human IgG is exposed to free radical generating systems such as ultraviolet irradiation, peroxidizing lipids, or activated human neutrophils, characteristic auto-fluorescent monomeric and polymeric IgG is formed (excitation [Ex], 360 nm, emission [Em], 454 nm). 1 h ultraviolet irradiation of IgG results in the following reductions in constituent amino acids; cysteine (37.0%), tryptophan (17.0%), tyrosine (10.5%), and lysine (3.6%). The fluorescent IgG complexes, when produced in vitro, can stimulate the release of superoxide from normal human neutrophils. In the presence of excess unaltered IgG, further fluorescent damage to IgG occurs. Measurement and isolation of fluorescent monomeric and polymeric IgG by high performance liquid chromatography, from in vitro systems and from fresh rheumatoid sera and synovial fluid, indicates that identical complexes are present in vivo; all these fluorescent complexes share the property of enhancing free radical production from neutrophils. The results described in this study support the hypothesis that fluorescent monomeric and aggregated IgG may be formed in vivo by oxygen-centered free radicals derived from neutrophils, and that in rheumatoid inflammation this reaction may be self-perpetuating within the inflamed joint. | |
| 7178857 | Prevalence of pulmonary involvement in rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship to some c | 1982 | The chest radiographs of 309 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were compared with those of 309 controls. In RA, lung nodules were present in 0.3% and pleural effusion in 0.6% only. Diffuse reticulonodular fibrosis occurred in 4.5% of the RA patients and 0.3% of the controls (p less than 0.001) and was related to subcutaneous nodules, antinuclear antibodies and high Waaler-Rose titres. Diffuse reticular fibrosis occurred in 6.8% and 5.2% respectively and was related only to age greater than 60 and cigarette smoking. Healed tuberculosis occurred in 17.2% of the RA males and in 6.1% of the male controls (p less than 0.025). Sequelae of pleurisy occurred in 16.2% of the RA females and in 8.1% of female controls (p less than 0.025) and was related to involvement of many joints and high ESR. Sequelae of pleurisy occurred in 24.2% of the RA males and 16.2% of the male controls. The pleuropulmonary findings were not related to the therapy given or to the death rate during a mean follow-up period of 5.7 years. | |
| 6750779 | Fecal blood loss caused by two differently microencapsulated acetylsalicylic acid preparat | 1982 | In an investigator-blind crossover study, fecal blood loss determined by 51Cr-labelled red cells was measured in 17 male patients with rheumatoid arthritis and one with anchylosing spondylitis. In two periods, each of one week's duration and separated by a 3-week wash-out period, the patients received microencapsulated acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 3 g daily--either iwht time-dependent (Acetard) or with pH-depeendent release (Reumyl). With the exception of one patient, who suffered clinically significant bleeding, both preparations produced only moderate bleeding. The bleeding provoked by ASA with pH-dependent release (median blood loss in ml/day: first period 1.6; last period 2.6) was less than with time-dependent release (first period 1.8; last period 3.5). | |
| 7408527 | A double-blind, crossover comparison between indoprofen and aspirin in rheumatoid arthriti | 1980 | Twenty in-patients with rheumatoid arthritis took part in a double-blind, crossover clinical trial to compare the effectiveness and tolerance of 400 mg indoprofen with 1000 mg aspirin each given 3-times a day for 1 week, with an interval of 2 days during which patients received an indistinguishable placebo. At the start and at the end of each treatment period several subjective and objective indices were measured. Both indoprofen and aspirin to remable improvement in patient conditions, with no significant differences between drugs in overall pain, number of swollen joints, grip strength and functional index. Indoprofen, however, was significantly superior to aspirin with regard to the number of painful joints (p < 0.01), duration of morning stiffness (p < 0.05) and articular index (p < 0.05). Moreover, both patients' and investigators' opinion of overall response favoured indoprofen. Small but significant decreases were recorded in ertythrocyte sedimentation rate and seromucoid levels in both treatment periods. Adverse reactions, mainly as gastric pyrosis and/or gastralgia, occurred in 6 patients while on aspirin, in 2 while on indoprofen, and in a further 2 while on both drugs. No statistically significant changes were observed in safety laboratory tests. | |
| 307274 | Immunological and functional characteristics of peripheral blood and synovial fluid lympho | 1978 | Spontaneous (SCMC) and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC); mitogenic responsiveness (PHA, Con A, PPD, dextran and pokeweed) as well as lymphocyte subpopulations (E-, EA-, EAC-rosettes, S-Ig) were studied simultaneously in peripheral blood (PBL) and synovial fluid lymphocytes (SFL) of fifteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Marked differences were observed in the cytotoxic activity of SFL and PBL. Whereas SCMC activity of SFL was always significantly elevated above the cytotoxic levels of PBL, the reverse was true for the ADCC reaction; here, 50% of the patients showed a decreased cytotoxicity of SFL compared to PBL. Synovial fluid neutrophils (SFN) were found to be inactive in both cytotoxic assays. No differences were found in ADCC activity of PBL between normal controls and RA patients. In SCMC assays a significantly increased activity of control PBL was only observed at L/T ratios of 100:1. Overnight incubation of PBL from RA patients and normal controls resulted in a marked decrease in SCMC and, to a smaller extent, in ADCC activity. SFL from three out of four patients lost less SCMC activity after overnight incubation than the corresponding PBL. In one patient even an increased activity in both cytotoxic systems was obtained. Regarding lymphocyte populations, T-cells were significantly decreased in PBL of RA patients. With the exception of a significantly lowered percentage of C3 receptor positive cells in SFL, no significant differences were recorded in the lymphocyte distribution between the patients' PBL and SFL. In the RA patients, the response to T-cell mitogens was significantly depressed in SFL while PPD and pokeweed reactivity was equal to that of PBL. | |
| 4577851 | Depression of cell-mediated immunity in old age and the immunopathic diseases, lupus eryth | 1973 Jun | Cell-mediated immunity was assessed in man by summation of positive delayed hypersensitivity (DHS) responses to five test antigens, Candida, mumps, trichophyton, tuberculin and streptokinase-streptodornase (Varidase). The study included forty-four controls comprising healthy persons and hospital inpatients with minor illnesses, forty-five aged persons, twenty-four patients with active chronic hepatitis (ACH), nine with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and fourteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis. For controls and the group with ACH, cell-mediated immunity was assessed also by transformation of blood lymphocytes with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). The incidence of positive DHS responses to all antigens fell with advancing age, and responsiveness was significantly lower in all three groups of immunopathic disease, particularly ACH. Prednisolone was not associated with significantly depressed DHS reactions, but combined prednisolone and azathioprine were. Weak DHS responses were associated significantly with low titres of natural antibody to flagellin and with lower humoral immune responses to flagellin. Lymphocyte transformation in response to PHA in ACH was significantly less than in healthy controls. Thus certain autoimmune diseases show an immunological imbalance in the form of depressed cell-mediated immunity to extrinsic antigens and `hyperactive' humoral immune responses to `self' antigens and selected extrinsic antigens. | |
| 6651893 | Changes in vascular endothelium related to lymphocyte collections in diseased synovia. | 1983 Dec | A population of small blood vessels are described in the synovia of patients with a number of different arthropathies. These vessels are identical to the high endothelial venules (HEV) of lymph node paracortex, known to be the site of lymphocyte diapedesis from blood to tissues. The significance of this finding and its possible role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritides are discussed. | |
| 6979443 | Effects of various anti-inflammatory drugs on type II collagen-induced arthritis in rats. | 1982 Mar | The effects of some commonly used anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic drugs on the inflammatory and immunological manifestations of type II collagen-induced arthritis in rats were studied. Among the anti-inflammatory drugs tested at a given dosage (mg/kg/day), benoxaprofen (10), aspirin (25) and indomethacin (3) inhibited the hind paw swelling and anti-type II collagen antibody formation in type II collagen-treated rats. Benoxaprofen also inhibited the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to type II collagen. Phenylbutazone (30) and fenoprofen (40) partially suppressed the paw swelling, but had no significant effect on humoral and cellular responses. Among the other anti-arthritic drugs, levamisol (25), chloroquine (25) and D-penicillamine significantly suppressed the paw swelling, anti-type II collagen antibody titres and DTH response. Gold chlorophosphene (10) and colchicine (3) had no effect on any of these three parameters. Paramethasone (0.1), cyclophosphamide (1) and azathioprine (10) were very effective when dosed daily, or once (at a different dose) 72 hr prior to immunization with type II collagen. |