Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7045508 | Serum-sialyltransferase activity in cancer patients. | 1982 May 3 | Serum-sialyltransferase activity was measured in serum samples of 116 patients with malignant tumors of various origins and different clinical stages using asialo-fetuin as the acceptor and cytidine-5'-mono-phospho[14C]sialic acid as the donor. Only patients with metastatic tumors had significantly elevated serum-sialyltransferase levels. Increased enzyme activity was also associated with rheumatoid arthritis and with acute hepatitis, whereas no significant alteration of enzyme activity was observed in cystic fibrosis patients. In a group of tumor patients, various additional tumor markers were determined (carcinoembryonic antigen, alkaline phosphatase: Regan isoenzyme, creatinekinase: BB-isoenzyme, lactatedehydrogenase: isoenzyme 5) and the data compared to the clinical diagnoses. The sensitivity and specificity of serum-sialyltransferase as a tumor marker is assessed. | |
| 3873437 | Radiosensitivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes in autoimmune disease. | 1985 Jun | The proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes, cultured with Con A, can be inhibited by ionizing radiation. Lymphocytes from patients with conditions associated with autoimmunity, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and polymyositis, are more radiosensitive than those from healthy volunteers or patients with conditions not associated with autoimmunity. The nuclear material isolated from the lymphocytes of patients with autoimmune diseases is, on average, lighter in density than the nuclear material from most healthy controls. This difference in density is not related to increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation but the degree of post-irradiation change in density (lightening) is proportional to the initial density, i.e. more dense nuclear material always shows a greater upward shift after radiation. The recovery of preirradiation density of nuclear material, 1 h after radiation exposure, taken as an indication of DNA repair, correlates with the radiosensitivity of lymphocyte proliferation (Con A response); failure to return to pre-irradiation density being associated with increased sensitivity of proliferative response. These results require extension but, taken with previously reported studies of the effects of DNA methylating agents, support the idea that DNA damage and its defective repair could be important in the aetio-pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. | |
| 7006253 | [Interactions between collagen and C1q: their significance for rheumatology]. | 1980 Jul | Interactions between C1q and collagen are thought to be due to the similarity in the structure of collagen and part of C1q. In the present paper immunological and biochemical aspects of this similarity were explored. It was found that one of nine rabbit anticollagen sera studied showed a clearcut reactivity with C1q, while anticollagenantibody-positive sera and synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis did not display any cross-reactivity with C1q. Eleven of twenty collagen-immunized guinea pigs, however, demonstrated cellular cross-reactivity with CLF, the collagen-like fragment of C1q. Gel filtration studies indicated the formation of complexes between CLF and collagen, simulating immunological inhibition of anti-C1q-antibody by collagen. Human RA synovial collagenase was found capable of splitting C1q at a position within its collagen-like fragment. The importance of the interactions between collagen and C1q for the pathological events characterizing RA is discussed. | |
| 3918225 | Characterization of extracellular phospholipase A2 in rheumatoid synovial fluid. | 1985 Feb 11 | Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity has now been identified in rheumatoid synovial fluids. This PLA2 is a calcium-requiring protein of MW 11,000 with a neutral pH optimum. Its activity was inhibited by high concentrations of Mg2+, and by the active site-directed histidine reagent p-bromophenacyl bromide. Ionic and nonionic detergents, or the sulfhydryl reagent dithiothreitol caused loss of enzyme activity. Synovial fluid PLA2 did not interact with sulphated mucopolysaccharides such as heparin or chondroitin sulphate. Release and sequestration of PLA2 in the joint space may contribute to the characteristic rheumatoid inflammatory changes. | |
| 1085613 | The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of norvedan a novel, non-steroidal agent. | 1976 Jun | Norvedan (2-phenyl-4-p-chlorophenyl-thiazole-5-ylacetic acid) has been investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using an 'adjuvant arthirits' in rats and for analgesic activity using a writhing test in mice and a pressure test in rats. At oral doses of 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg Norvedan caused a dose-related inhibition of the primary swelling of the paw injected with adjuvant and the development of secondary lesions was also inhibited. Writhing induced in mice by i.p. administered acetic acid was also reduced by Norvedan at oral doses of 30 mg/kg and above and the response was related to dose. Against pain induced in rats by application of pressure to an inflamed paw Norvedan alsp showed good activity which was present for at least 6 hr after dosing. | |
| 97965 | Proximal tibiofibular joint: anatomic-pathologic-radiographic correlation. | 1978 Jul | An anatomic-pathologic-radiographic study of the proximal tibiofibular joint was undertaken. This synovial articulation between the proximal tibia and fibula may communicate with the knee joint in 10% of adults. Radiography of the normal proximal tibiofibular articulation outlines a consistent relationship between the proximal portions of the tibia and fibula. Disruption of this normal relationship is indicative of anterolateral or posteromedial subluxation or dislocation. Articular disorders of this joint include reheumatoid arthritis and septic arthritis. In the latter, initial alterations of the knee joint may subsequently extend to involve the proximal tibiofibular joint, illustrating the potential communication between these two articulations. | |
| 6167525 | Some anti-inflammatory activities of copper complexes of amino acids. | 1981 | Whereas the two isomers of histidine equally enhanced the dextran and Con A anaphylactoid reactions in rats, their copper complexes were potent inhibitors of these reactions. On the other hand, the two isomers of cystine and their copper complexes inhibited the oedema reactions in rat paws induced by dextran, carrageenan and concanavalin A. | |
| 1084820 | Measles antibodies and autoantibodies in autoimmune disorders. | 1976 Jun | Measles CF antibodies have been examined in the sera of patients with a variety of clinical disorders associated with the production of autoantibodies. Previous reports of high-titre reactions in DLE and chronic active hepatitis have been confirmed, the titres in the latter disorder being particularly elevated. Mean antibody titres to measles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were significantly lower than in matched controls, and an inverse correlation between measles antibody levels and serum globulin levels was found. Measles antibody titres in patients with myasthenia gravis and primary biliary cirrhosis did not differ significantly from those found in controls. However, subdivision of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, myasthenia gravis and primary biliary cirrhosis showed that the presence of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) was associated with significantly increased measles antibody levels compared with the ANA-negative sera. The presence of gastric parietal cell antibody or thyroid microsomal antibody did not appear to be associated with increased measles antibody levels, whether or not they occurred in association with previous anaemia or thyroid disease. Possible explanations for these findings in terms of immune complex formation and immune hyper-reactivity are discussed. | |
| 4583184 | Double-blind cross-over study of ketoprofen and ibuprofen in management of rheumatoid arth | 1973 Oct 13 | A double-blind cross-over study of ketoprofen (Orudis) 150 mg daily and ibuprofen (Brufen) 1,200 mg daily was carried out in 35 outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis. Results suggest that analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of ketoprofen is superior to that of ibuprofen. Significantly greater pain relief (P < 0.05) and reduction in joint circumference (P < 0.01) was obtained with ketoprofen than with ibuprofen. Side effects of the drugs were comparable and not serious. | |
| 4219842 | Inactivation of C1 in rheumatoid synovial fluid, purfied C1 and C1 esterase, by gold compo | 1974 Jul | The effects of gold compounds on the functional activities of rheumatoid synovial fluid and normal serum Cl, C4, and C2 were investigated in vitro. Commercial and purified gold sodium thiomalate in concentrations, as low as 1·25 μg/ml (expressed as elemental gold) inactivated native C[unk] and highly purified C[unk]s, whereas equivalent or higher concentrations of thiomalate had no effect. C[unk] inactivation was caused also by other gold compounds such as gold chloride and gold sodium thiosulphate. The C[unk] inactivation was not reversible following extensive dialysis. The partial protection of C4 and C2, the two natural substrates for C[unk], indirectly verified the C[unk] inactivation. This is the first study to show that gold compounds inactivate C[unk], one of the reactants in the pathogenesis and/or perpetuation of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6725345 | Assessment of the survival and the clinical results of Stanmore total knee replacements. | 1984 May | We review 210 Stanmore knee replacements in 163 patients to assess the survival of the prostheses and the long-term results. The annual rate of failure reached a maximum of 4.6% in the fourth year after operation; thereafter it declined to reach zero by the eighth year. Between two and eight years after operation, 66.3% of the surviving knees were completely free of pain and 30.2% had mild retropatellar pain. Fixed flexion deformities present before operation were completely corrected in 73% of the knees, and varus or valgus deformities were invariably corrected. Stability was always restored to unstable knees and 80.8% of knees flexed to 90 degrees or more after replacement. Aseptic loosening (8.1%), prosthetic infection (4.3%) and femoral fracture (2.9%) led to 8.5% of the prostheses being revised or removed over eight years. Modifications in prosthetic design and operative techniques have been introduced to minimise such complications in the future. | |
| 7438611 | Anterior approach to hip arthroplasty. | 1980 Oct | Direct anterior approach to the hip joint utilizing a curved transverse skin incision and splitting the tensor fascia muscle longitudinally provides an effective exposure for carrying out primary total hip arthroplasty. Excellent visualization of the acetabulum is afforded by this direct approach. Modified femoral rasps of varying lengths are employed to rasp the femur with the leg in external rotation. Trochanteric osteotomy was carried out on only three occasions in a series of 104 procedures performed on 85 patients during a three-year period. The duration of operation averaged 65 minutes. Average blood replacement was 1.9 units in unilateral hips and 3.5 units in patients operated upon sequentially. Mean postoperative stay was 12.8 days following unilateral and 22.3 days following bilateral surgery. Four patients experienced perioperative complications. The anterior approach provides a safe and effective approach to total hip arthroplasty with limited morbidity. | |
| 6426051 | The effect of auranofin on polymorphonuclear granulocytes. | 1983 | The effects of auranofin on the function of neutrophil polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN) have been studied in vitro and in vivo. Preincubation of human PMN with auranofin (1-4 micrograms/ml) increased their adherence to nylon fibres and f-met-leu-phe-(fMLP) induced aggregation. PMN migration, phagocytosis, bactericidal capacity and phagocytosis-associated enzyme release were all significantly inhibited by auranofin in a dose-dependent way. Enzyme release stimulated by f-MLP, chemoluminescence and the release of superoxide anions all showed a biphasic response to preincubation with auranofin. They showed an increase at low concentrations and inhibition at high concentrations. In studies of 3H-fMLP binding auranofin did not affect receptor numbers but increased binding affinity. Auranofin at higher concentrations decreased phorbolmyristate acetate and fMLP induced changes in surface charge and membrane potential. In vivo, auranofin administered to rats, did not prevent either the neutropenia induced by zymosan-activated serum or the corresponding rise in plasma lactoferrin levels. PMNs from six rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with auranofin (6 mg/day) for 23 weeks showed changes in bactericidal activity, chemotaxis and chemiluminescence independent of the clinical response. Enzyme release, however, was reduced in PMNs from clinical responders and showed no change in non-responders. | |
| 6297507 | Differential release of plasminogen activator and latent collagenase from mononuclear cell | 1983 Jan | Independent studies have previously shown that mononuclear cell supernatants stimulate the release of plasminogen activator and latent collagenase from synovial cell monolayer cultures. Simultaneous secretion of these enzymes could be an important pathway for tissue destruction under inflammatory conditions, since plasminogen activator can cause activation of latent collagenase in the presence of plasminogen. We investigated the kinetics of release of the two enzymes from synovial cells in response to the addition of mononuclear cell supernatants and retinoic acid. Synovial cells derived from osteoarthritic and rheumatoid arthritic patients responded similarly. Plasminogen activator is released within a few hours of stimulation, and secretion usually stops when the stimulus is removed. In contrast, significant amounts of collagenase are secreted only after an initial lag period of 1--2 days, and secretion is sustained long after removal of mononuclear cell supernatant. Another difference in regulation of the secretion of these two neutral proteinases is that the addition of all-trans retinoic acid to the same synovial cell culture elevates plasminogen activator secretion while suppressing that of latent collagenase. Differential regulation of these enzymes under conditions of chronic inflammation may allow for continual accumulation of latent enzyme(s) which are activated during short periods of plasminogen activator release. | |
| 7045172 | Antimalarials and ophthalmologic safety. | 1982 Jan | Antimalarial drugs were shown to be useful agents in the treatment of discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus in 1951. However, by 1966, fear of retinal toxicity and the availability of alternative therapies had led to limited use of antimalarials. Continued experience with these alternative therapies has made their intrinsic, sometimes devastating toxicities more evident and has contributed to the renewed interest in antimalarial agents evident in the number of comprehensive reviews appearing recently in the dermatology literature. Many of these reviews, while generally excellent, have propagated some apparent misconceptions by disregarding or de-emphasizing data suggesting that irreversible retinal toxicity due to antimalarials can be easily avoided by judicious daily dosage and regular ophthalmologic follow-up. This article will discuss the historical basis of these misconceptions and the subsequent studies which suggest that antimalarial retinal toxicity can be avoided without sacrificing the therapeutic efficacy of these agents. | |
| 6213328 | Histochemical discrimination of HLA-DR positive cell populations in the normal and arthrit | 1982 May | A combination of immunochemical staining for HLA-DR antigens and the histochemical demonstration of enzyme activity has been used to identify specific cell populations in the normal and arthritic synovial lining layers. Such combined staining has revealed that the normal synovial lining contains a proportion of HLA-DR + ve cells, all of which show strong lysosomal enzyme activity. This population is greatly expanded in biopsies from patients with osteoarthritis and these positive cells also express strong ATPase activity. In the rheumatoid synovium five distinct cell types can be identified; all of which are HLA-DR + ve but differ in their morphology and pattern of enzyme activity. Of special interest was the discovery that a small but significant proportion of these cells have the characteristics of the interdigitating cells of the lymph node paracortex. The relationship between the emergence of these heterogeneous populations and the immunological basis of this inflammatory response is discussed. | |
| 1096902 | [Methods and statistics of multicentral double-blind "cross-over" examination of naproxen | 1975 Feb | The methodology of documenting clinical findings and statistical analysis of the results of a multicentre double-blind cross-over study, in which the efficacy of d-2-(6'-methoxy-2'-naphthyl)-propionic acid (naproxen) and indometacin in the treatment of rheumatic diseases was compared, is presented. Eight investigators from four clinics conducted this clinical trial according to an identical protocol in a total of 100 patients. 46 patients (5 male and 31 female) with rheumatoid arthritis received either of the two drugs over a period of 26 days. 35 patients (32 male and 3 female) with ankylosing spondylitis and 19 patients (8 male and 11 female) with osteoarthrosis were treated with either of the drugs for 15 days. The following parameters were investigated and documented: pain and its localization, inhibition of joint function, symptoms of inflammation, and the "quasi" irreversible joint changes. These various parameters were for statistical purposes combined as indices for pain, function, and inflammation. This permitted a quantitative evaluation of the analgesic and antiinflammatory efficacy as well as of the improvement of joint function of the two compounds tested. The overall results of the clinical parameters revealed no significant difference in efficacy for the two drugs. When differentiating the patients as to their sex, both drugs showed higher efficacy in male patients, and only slight efficacy in female patients. | |
| 560705 | Elbow fat pads with new signs and extended differential diagnosis. | 1977 Sep | Although fat pad signs are classically associated with fracture, there are many nontraumatic disease processes which lead to positive fat pad signs. Any intraarticular fluid or tissue accumulation may result in an abnormal posterior fat pad. A "paradoxical" positive posterior fat pad sign may occur in some instances of extraarticular disease. An extended differential diagnosis is presented. | |
| 535291 | The total condylar knee prosthesis: the first 5 years. | 1979 Nov | The total condylar knee prosthesis evolved from previous experience with other prostheses at the Hospital for Special Surgery. This evolution includes patellar resurfacing. Subsequent modifications have led to the total condylar knee prosthesis II (a cruciate substituting prosthesis), and the total condylar knee prosthesis III (a TCP II with increased constraint). The surgical technique requires ligamentous balance with correction of preoperative deformity by a soft-tissue release. Subsequently a standard operation is performed. Four hundred and sixty-one knees were reviewed with a minimum of one year follow-up and a maximum of 5 years. Seventy-five per cent were osteoarthritic knees. Using the Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Rating Scale, the results were excellent in 312 knees (68%), good in 109 knees (23.5%), fair in 18 knees (4%) and poor in 22 knees (4.5%). Osteoarthritic knees (excellent or good 93.5%) did slightly better than rheumatoid knees (excellent or good 87%). Complications include 6 infections, 6 subluxations and 10 cases of component loosening. There were 15 reoperations (3%). The results approach total hip arthroplasty in quality and so far have not deteriorated with time. | |
| 7002163 | A survey of clinical trials with fenbufen. | 1980 | To date, the efficacy and safety of gamma-oxo(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-butanoic acid (fenbufen) have been evaluated in over 200 clinical trials involving several thousand patients. The program of clinical investigation consisted of open dose ranging studies in patients; short-term, double-blind controlled studies of both cross-over and parallel group design to evaluate efficacy and safety compared to placebo and active reference drugs; long-term, double-blind controlled studies of parallel group design versus an active reference agent; open studies to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of fenbufen; and special studies to investigate possible effects on eyes, ears and heart. The overall experience with fenbufen in 60 US and 37 foreign clinical trials is summarized in this report with respect to the following: therapeutic efficacy and safety in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, analgesia and gout. The age range covered in these studies was 13 to 87 years, and included 206 patients over the age of 70. 3457 patients received fenbufen in all phases of these clinical trials, including short-term and long-term studies. The patient total includes: 1462 patients (664 US, 798 foreign) with rheumatoid arthritis, 1225 (420 US, 805 foreign) with osteoarthritis, 55 (19 US, 36 foreign) with ankylosing spondylitis, 39 (foreign) with gout, and 676 patients (103 US, 573 (foreign) who participated in analgesia studies. The worldwide clinical studies have demonstrated very good clinical efficacy of fenbufen in comparison to other non-steroidal antirheumatic (nsa) drugs. The tolerance was much better in many cases compared with tolerance levels of other nsa-drugs. The good results were confirmed by new papers presented during IX International Congress of Rheumatology, Wiesbaden/FR Germany, September 1979. Fenbufen is currently marketed in Brazil, Columbia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Ireland, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Rhodesia, Spain, South Africa, Switzerland, Trinidad and FR Germany. |