Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2411433 | Gangliosides inhibit phenotypic and functional properties of an encephalitogenic T-helper | 1985 Oct 1 | Gangliosides were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the phenotype and function of an encephalitogenic T-helper lymphocyte line from Lewis rats (BP-1), which responds specifically to guinea pig myelin basic protein (GP-BP). After activation for 3 days with GP-BP, the BP-1 line induced a lethal form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in recipient rats 3-6 days after intraperitoneal injection. Incubation of activated BP-1 line cells with 250 microM gangliosides for 1 hr prior to injection prevented EAE completely in 5/14 recipients and markedly reduced the severity of clinical signs and histologic lesions in the rest. Similar treatment of BP-1 cells with galactocerebroside had no inhibitory effect. Both individual and mixed gangliosides inhibited accessory cell-dependent activation of BP-1 cells with GP-BP. Gangliosides also inhibited BP-1 activation with a cell-free supernatant containing accessory cell-processed GP-BP and rat Ia molecules, suggesting that the inhibition was not restricted to accessory cell function. In addition to inhibiting antigen-dependent proliferation, gangliosides inhibited IL-2 dependent cell growth. Furthermore, individual and mixed gangliosides blocked binding of anti-T-helper cell antibody (W3/25) to the BP-1 line, while galactocerebroside, ceramide, and sialic acid had no inhibitory effect. Cell surface staining of T-total, T-non-helper, or Ia determinants was relatively unaffected by gangliosides. Taken together, the immunomodulatory properties of gangliosides on T-effector cell function lend biologic importance to the increased levels of gangliosides which have been reported in human diseases with immunoregulatory abnormalities such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. | |
| 6372818 | The sex differential in morbidity, mortality, and lifestyle. | 1984 | In the United States women live longer than men, and they have lower death rates at virtually every age and for most causes of death. Similar relationships prevail in most developed nations. The sex differential in mortality has been increasing since the early 1900s , especially for those 15-24 and 55-64 years of age. Since 1970, however, that trend has slowed for persons 45-74, and in 1980 the sex differential was actually lower than in 1970 among those 55-64. Although the female sex advantage in respect to most causes of death has been increasing, the differential for coronary heart disease has recently stabilized; and the lung cancer mortality rate among women is now increasing faster than that among men. Recent statistics for these two important causes of death may indicate that the previous, more favorable trend in women than in men may be reversing in response to changes in lifestyle. Women's health may be improving at a slower rate because they are exposed to more job stresses and other risk factors, such as cigarettes, than before; alternatively, men's health may be improving at a faster rate because they are exercising more, smoking cigarettes less, and following healthier diets in recent decades. Despite their continuing mortality advantage, women experience more illness than men. This may reflect women's greater utilization of medical services, and physicians' diagnostic patterns, as well as women's greater willingness to acknowledge and report illness. Sex differences in illness persist, however, when physical examinations are used for assessment in population-based samples. Women appear to have higher rates of conditions that rarely cause death, for example, rheumatoid arthritis; whereas men tend to have more fatal conditions, such as coronary heart disease. At least two categories of lifestyle characteristics are associated with male-female differences in health: (a) social roles, such as marriage, parenthood, and employment; and (b) behaviors, such as cigarette smoking and Type A behavior. Preliminary evidence indicates that some of these lifestyle characteristics may act synergistically on health. Several aspects of lifestyle thus underlie sex differences in morbidity and mortality. There is also evidence that biological factors influence male/female mortality differences, particularly in infancy and prenatal life. A substantial sex differential remains, however, even after adjusting for numerous lifestyle and biological variables. This is especially true for heart disease mortality.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) | |
| 6378156 | Conjunctival goblet cell densities in ocular surface disease. | 1984 Jul | Goblet cell densities were determined in the eyes of normal subjects and in the eyes of patients with various ocular surface diseases using an impression cytological technique. For normal eyes goblet cell densities on the interpalpebral bulbar and inferior palpebral ocular surfaces were 443 (+/- 266 [+/- SD]) and 1,972 (+/- 862) cells millimeter, per square, respectively. All patients in the ocular surface disease groups had decreased goblet cell densities compared with subjects with normal eyes. Compared with normal eyes, eyes with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) demonstrated a 17% greater goblet cell loss on the interpalpebral bulbar compared with the inferior palpebral ocular surface, while eyes with blepharitis and secondary KCS demonstrated an 8% greater loss on the inferior palpebral surface compared with the interpalpebral bulbar ocular surface. Eyes with cicatricial ocular pemphigoid and Stevens-Johnson syndrome demonstrated greater than 95% goblet cell loss on both the interpalpebral bulbar and inferior palpebral ocular surfaces compared with normal eyes. | |
| 6608264 | New findings in neonatal lupus syndrome. | 1984 Mar | Neonatal lupus is a syndrome characterized by cutaneous lupus and/or congenital heart block (CHB). This report reviews our original observations on patients with neonatal lupus during the past five years: (1) Sicca syndrome (SS-A) (Ro) autoantibodies were found in the serum of the mothers and infants, were of maternal origin, and constituted a marker for the syndrome. (2) SS-A autoantibodies were found in the majority of the cases of "idiopathic" CHB and may have been the most common cause of all CHBs. (3) Mothers who had one child affected were at risk for having a second child affected. (4) Mothers were often asymptomatic. (5) HLA associations in this syndrome were HLA-DR3, HLA-B8, HLA-MB2, and HLA-MT2, and these occurred in mothers but not infants. Thus, the HLA association was with autoantibody production rather than tissue injury, a finding that may help clarify genetic and environmental roles in autoantibody-mediated disease. | |
| 576775 | Problems in diagnosis and treatment of lupus psychosis. Report of a patient with systemic | 1977 Jan | A 34-year-old woman with an organic psychosis was presumed to be suffering from corticosteroid psychosis because of prednisone treatment for urticaria. Lupus was found to be the cause of both urticaria and psychosis. The lupus psychosis was reversed when sufficiently high doses of steroids were given, in combination with immunosuppressant agents. | |
| 3902918 | HLA and genetic predisposition to lupus erythematosus and other dermatologic disorders. | 1985 Sep | Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) associations with different clinical and serologic subsets of lupus erythematosus are providing important clues to genetic predisposition and pathogenesis. The evolving complexity of the HLA-D region is described, and currently recognized HLA-region associations with systemic lupus erythematosus, subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, homozygous C2-deficient lupus, Sjögren's syndrome, and the neonatal lupus syndrome are reviewed. The striking relationship between the Ro/SSA-La/SSB antibody responses and HLA-DR2 and DR3 are emphasized. Other dermatologic conditions associated with HLA are also noted. | |
| 3875842 | ANAs in systemic rheumatic disease. Diagnostic significance. | 1985 Sep 1 | Development of the lupus erythematosus (LE) cell test some 40 years ago opened up the world of ANAs to the clinician. Armed with the availability of a battery of tests for ANAs of different specificities, the modern clinician has the tools for increased diagnostic sensitivity in rheumatic disease and more accurate differentiation of systemic rheumatic diseases that sometimes present with confusing overlapping clinical features. The tests, however, should not be used indiscriminately, and their interpretation should always be done critically and in the context of the clinical presentation. | |
| 6239256 | [Subgroups of connective tissue disease]. | 1984 Nov 24 | The present trend is to break down collagen diseases into subsets on the basis of specific clinical signs, genetic data and, above all, serological data, notably the presence or absence of particular antinuclear antibodies. Studies of correlations between clinical symptoms and antinuclear antibodies have yielded precise results with regard to scleroderma, mixed collagenosis and, to a lesser extent, dermatomyositis. In contrast, discordant results have been obtained in systemic lupus erythematosus and dry Sjögren's syndrome, owing to the presence of multiple antibodies in many cases, to differences in the selection of patients and the method used, and to the small number of cases in the subsets investigated. | |
| 6604305 | T-cell macrophage subset interactions and decreased autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction i | 1983 | T-cell macrophage subset interactions were studied in relation to the decreased autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) in 15 patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Monoclonal antibodies against a macrophage (M theta) subset (Mac-120) stimulatory in the AMLR and against nonpolymorphic determinants of Ia antigen were used to identify adherent M theta. Four patients with decreased AMLR had a reduced percentage of Mac-120+ cells, suggesting that a defect in stimulatory M theta may account for their decreased AMLR. No correlation was found between the magnitude of the AMLR and the percentage of Ia+ M theta. Another six patients with diminished AMLR had a normal to high percentage of Mac-120+ M theta. However, this group of SS patients showed a decreased response to Concanavalin A, suggesting that they may have a defect in the responding T cells. Patients with normal AMLR had normal percentages of Mac-120+ M theta and showed normal responses to T-cell mitogens and alloantigens. These results suggest that a defective AMLR may have multiple causes. SS patients are heterogeneous in this regard and can be sorted into three groups using the AMLR and monoclonal antibodies. | |
| 6897686 | Nephritic factor (NeF) of alternate pathway (NeFA) and of classical pathway (NeFc). | 1982 Dec | NeFA and NeFc were studied in various cases (115 cases). 5 cases were followed up for a long time. NeFA assay was done by the "microtest plate method". We detected the NeF activity for the first time in the cases of Sjögren syndrome (SjS) and SjS+SLE+Hashimoto's disease (Hashimoto). In some cases NeF activity disappeared after therapy, and in one case NeFA and NeFc were positive at first, but then only NeFA activity became negative following the adequate therapy. As to the antibody nature of NeF, the possibility was suggested that NeFA might be anti C3b autoantibody and NeFc might be anti C4b and/or C4b2a auto-antibody. | |
| 1103774 | [Relapsing parotitis: onset of Sjögren's syndrome]. | 1975 May | Report of a case of lymphocytic parotitis associated with important inflammatory syndrome, anti-salivary antibodies and rheumatoid factor. The study of the cases of literature suggests that it might be the mode of onset of a Sjögren's syndrome. | |
| 6413383 | Corticosteroids in autoimmune disease. | 1983 Oct | Most autoimmune diseases are responsive to corticosteroids administered in dosages sufficient to shut off the inflammatory process. The protocol outlined suppresses the most severe manifestations while minimizing toxic drug effects. | |
| 6172850 | In situ characterization of the cellular infiltrate in labial and palatine glands in Sjög | 1981 | The inflammatory cells in the minor salivary glands in situ in 11 patients with Sjögren's syndrome were characterized by using intracellular markers for T lymphocytes, plasma cells, mononuclear phagocytes and granulocytes. The methods used to demonstrate the markers were optimized histochemical and immunoperoxidase techniques which did not disturb the simultaneous morphological study of the marker-positive cells. Acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE)-positive T lymphocytes accounted for 33 +/- 22%, mononuclear phagocytes for 8 +/- 4% and ANEA-negative (B) lymphocytes for 59 +/- 23% of all cells in the periductal lymphocyte-rich infiltrates, indicating great variations between individual patients. However, variations between labial and palatine glands in individual patients were usually less than 10%, indicating that the disease was at the same stage. Plasma cells were located peripherally to the lymphocytic foci and situated between the glandular acini. Equal proportions of plasma cells containing kappa-light chains (34 +/- 8%) and lambda-light chains (31 +/- 10%) were seen in individual patients, indicating polyclonal B lymphocyte activation. The results indicate differences in the local pathogenetic mechanisms or stage of disease in individual patients with Sjögren's syndrome. | |
| 828500 | Complement profile and anticomplementary potential in mixed cryoglobulinemia. | 1976 Mar | In six mixed cryoglobulinemias we have found the indications of a complement classic pathway activation and the fall of the total hemolytic activity (CH50): cryoprecipitate anticomplementary power was always proportional to the respective serum CH50 fall, while no correlation with its own immunoglobulin constitution was found. | |
| 3907899 | Epithelial HLA-DR expression and T lymphocyte subsets in salivary glands in Sjögren's syn | 1985 Sep | Salivary glands obtained at biopsy from patients with Sjögren's syndrome and controls were studied with regard to phenotype of infiltrating and residing cells, by means of a double immunoenzymatic staining technique. The infiltrating lymphocytes, which were sparse or absent in the control group in contrast to their abundant presence in the Sjögren patients, consisted in both groups mainly of T lymphocytes, the majority of which were T helper cells. In the controls, the glandular epithelial cells were HLA-DR- whereas in the Sjögren patients HLA-DR+ epithelial cells were found, mainly confined to areas, where the epithelial cells were seen in close proximity to the periphery of dense lymphocytic infiltrates. The data are in accordance with recent findings of HLA-DR expressing residing cells in the target organs of various chronic inflammatory diseases and might indicate the induction of HLA-DR expression in nonlymphocytic cells of target organs in which a cellular infiltration dominated by cells of the T helper phenotype is found. | |
| 7270547 | Human IgG antigranulocyte antibodies: comparison of detection by quantitative antiglobulin | 1981 | The amount of IgG in the serum of patients with suspected immune neutropenia that binds to normal paraformaldehyde-fixed human granulocytes was measured simultaneously by a quantitative antiglobulin consumption assay and by binding of 125I-staphylococcal protein A (SPA). There was a significant linear relationship between the results of these two assays for the sera of 42 different patients. However, SPA binding appeared more sensitive than the quantitative antiglobulin assay for determining IgG antigranulocyte antibodies in serum. In a patient with Felty's syndrome who underwent splenectomy, the results of both assays on sequential serum samples correlated with clinical improvement. Thus, SPA binding appears to be a sensitive and reliable technique for measuring antigranulocyte antibodies, and there is a close correlation between antibody measured by antiglobulin consumption and those detected by SPA binding. | |
| 100416 | Human triclonal anti-IgG gammopathy. I. Iso-electric focusing characteristics of the IgG, | 1978 Sep | Human IgG, IgA and IgM anti-IgG autoantibodies have been isolated from the serum of an individual with Felty's syndrome. These were initially noted as soluble circulating serum complexes by analytical ultracentrifugation. Isolation was accomplished by solid phase immunoadsorption and each of the three antibody populations obtained was shown to be of restricted heterogeneity by liquid and polyacrylamide gel electrofocussing methods. Type kappa light chains were obtained from each protein. Co-isoelectric focusing experiments of all possible pairs of these light chains showed them to have identical net charge characteristics. Heavy chains obtained from each protein were also monoclonal and of differing isoelectric point. The availability of this serum provides a human model with which to study the changes which may occur in autoantibodies during the autoimmune response. | |
| 624238 | Diseases of the oral mucosa. | 1978 Feb | The dermatologist is often called upon to evaluate diseases of the oral mucosa. He should be prepared to give expert advice based on sound knowledge of oral diseases. This may be aided by biopsy study if the principles and pitfalls of obtaining and interpreting a biopsy specimen are followed. These are discussed and examples are given to illustrate some of the more common and important problems that may be encountered. | |
| 1166975 | Therapeutic splenectomy. | 1975 Sep | An eight-year experience at Charity Hosptial and Touro Infirmary indicates that 10 percent of splenectomies were performed for reasons other than trauma or malignancy. Fifty-nine per cent of therapeutic splenectomies were done for congenital spherocytosis or idiopathic thromboytopenic purpura. All patients having spherocytosis and 57 per cent having ITP had favorable response following splenctomy. Seven surgical death occurred following 69 splenectomies (mortality 10%). Three deaths were from pulmonary emboli, three from hemorrhagic disorders and one from peritonitis. Eighteen postopertive complications occurred, the most frequent being thromboembolic disease. Prophylactic anticoagulants were not used in any patient. | |
| 6860374 | Arthropathy of Lowe's (oculocerebrorenal) syndrome. | 1983 Jun | We describe 3 children with Lowe's syndrome who developed joint manifestations--a previously rarely recognized feature. Two children had swelling and contractures of large and small joints; the third child had a small joint effusion and hypermobile joints. None of them had antinuclear antibody or rheumatoid factor; synovial effusions and biopsies showed no evidence of inflammatory cell infiltration. By light microscopy, profuse fibrous tissue and sparse synovial lining cells were found. Electron microscopy of the synovium of 2 patients showed large amounts of normal appearing collagen, unidentified thin fibrils, and focal profuse granular and fibrillar basement membrane-like material around small vessels, similar to findings described in other tissues in this syndrome. Whether these clinical and pathologic findings are results of the still incompletely understood basic metabolic defect or not, they should be recognized as features that may be seen in patients with Lowe's syndrome. |