Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1756229 | Serum IL-2 level in rheumatoid arthritis: correlation with joint destruction and disease p | 1991 Aug | Understanding of T cell dysfunctions in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may help to elucidate the pathophysiology of this disease. Cytokines determinations may be a promising approach and could represent a simple mean of quantifying RA immunological dysfunctions. In this study, interleukin-2 (IL-2) measurements were performed in sera of 74 RA patients to evaluate the potential use of this method to monitor "disease activity" and/or prognosis. Although the serum IL-2 levels of patients in active disease stage proved to be somewhat lower than those from patients with inactive disease, the difference was not significant. In our study, however, the serum IL-2 concentration was correlated with the circulating immune complexes level. In addition, patients with the highest serum IL-2 levels exhibited the poorest radiological stages and these same patients were often not receiving any disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD). Our results demonstrate that serum IL-2 level may be elevated in certain RA conditions. A better understanding of this phenomenon, especially the consequences of disease duration, could be of interest in the follow up and the prognosis of the disease. | |
| 1719586 | Immunogenetics of rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile arthritis. | 1991 Jul | Starting with the historical background and ending with the most recent data obtained by DNA typing, using PCR and oligonucleotide probes, the role of HLA antigens in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in several forms of juvenile arthritis (JA) is reviewed. RA is thought to be associated with an epitope of the third hypervariable region of DRB1 which is shared by several alleles including DR4-Dw4, Dw14, Dw15, DR1, DRw14.2, and DRw10. Rheumatoid factor-positive JA is also associated with DR4, but in rheumatoid factor-negative JA DR4 is absent, or markedly decreased, suggesting that it has a protective effect. Typing for the HLA-DP alleles has confirmed the association of pauciarticular JA with DPBI*0201. Recent studies in the author's laboratory have shown that DPB1*0301 is the main susceptibility factor for rheumatoid factor-negative polyarticular onset JA. It is of interest that also adult rheumatoid factor-negative RA patients have an increase of DPB1*0301, suggesting that these two clinical subsets may represent related diseases. | |
| 3705938 | Silastic arthroplasty in rheumatoid MCP-joints. | 1986 Apr | Resection arthroplasty using Swanson silicone prosthesis was performed in 74 MCP-joints in 22 patients, all with rheumatoid arthritis. Follow-up at 2 (1-7) years showed complete pain relief in 15 patients and considerable improvement in hand function; the average range of motion was unchanged but extension was improved and ulnar deviation and volar displacement were reduced. Complications included fracture of four implants, two superficial infections, one hematoma and one skin necrosis. | |
| 2903926 | What is a disease modifying antirheumatic drug? | 1988 Sep | The disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are distinct from the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) in their slow onset of antiinflammatory action, their lack of analgesic properties, their more frequent and severe toxicity, and in the opinion of some experts, their ability to produce more frequent remissions and slow the progression of erosions. New DMARD prospects include less toxic immune modulating agents, as well as NSAID/DMARD hybrids. Although currently available DMARD are considered primarily treatment for RA, sulfasalazine may be such a drug for B27 arthropathies as well. Future studies may lead to the development of agents that are specific modifiers of other rheumatic diseases, including lupus and scleroderma. | |
| 3740241 | Cycling program effects on one rheumatoid arthritic. | 1986 Aug | These researchers investigated the effects of a progressive resistive, cycle ergometric exercise program on cardio-vascular endurance in one rheumatoid arthritic. The 46 yr. old, male subject exercised three days/week for 14 weeks. Workouts included interval-type training using 5 minute intervals for a total of 20-30 minutes (work rate set at 50-75 watts for each interval), not including 3-minute warm-up and cool-down periods (work rate set at zero resistance). Maximal exercise stress testing on the cycle ergometer was completed and blood samples collected before and after the exercise program. Also, psychological and physical health and lifestyle data were gathered before, during and after completion of the program. The conditioning program produced a training effect (greater than 75% of the HR max after the second exercise session) and blood values improved (10-28%) from the beginning to the end of the program. Finally, the program appeared to have a positive influence on various physical and psychological parameters as perceived by the subject and his wife. | |
| 2674841 | [Reactive arthritis following Chlamydia infection]. | 1989 Aug 20 | The authors report on the clinical observation of 23 patients (5 women, 18 men) who suffered from seronegative spondylarthritis following chlamydia infection diagnosed clinically and serologically. Nine patients (2 women, 7 men) carried HLA B27 histocompatibility antigen. Sacroileitis confirmed by radiology was found in 16 cases. Genicular synovitis was the most frequent peripheral articular syndrome as well as Achilles tendinitis, "sausage-like" swelling of the finger and toes were observed and the ankle-, wrist-, elbow- and in a few cases the sternoclavicular and temporomandibular joint showed also involvement. Urological inflammation occurred in 9 cases, ophthalmological inflammation in 3 cases and pleuritis, pericarditis was observed in 1 patient. During the observation period 15 patients recovered upon Doxycyclin (Chinoin), Eryc (Biogal) non-steroid and occasional steroid therapy given 3 weeks long. | |
| 3047014 | Late-onset rheumatoid arthritis vs polymyalgia rheumatica: making the diagnosis. | 1988 Oct | Differentiating polymyalgia rheumatica from the onset of rheumatoid arthritis in the elderly has been the cause of much unnecessary confusion. Differential diagnosis of these disorders can be straightforward. A strategy is outlined, comprising a complete history, attention to clinical signs, and appropriate use of laboratory diagnostics. The clinical picture of each disorder is discussed, as are common obstacles to diagnosis. | |
| 2573359 | Rheumatoid arthritis complicated by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus and th | 1989 Nov | A patient with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis became infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through heterosexual transmission. After the primary phase of the HIV infection, persistent lymphadenopathy, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia developed. Over the ensuing 3 years, the signs and symptoms of inflammatory polyarthritis completely disappeared, and severe Sjögren's syndrome developed. HIV and its associated immune dysfunction may be responsible for these events. | |
| 2962723 | Pedal fusions in the rheumatoid patient. | 1988 Jan | This article reviews the indications for fusion in the rheumatoid arthritic patient. It also discusses the principles of arthrodesis in this group of patients and the unique considerations of the perioperative period. Technical considerations are presented relative to the decreased bone stock, bone grafting, and fixation. Finally, special technical procedures are discussed with respect to the more commonly performed arthrodesing operations. | |
| 3802051 | Normal bone marrow karyotype in acute leukemia or myelodysplasia following rheumatoid arth | 1987 Mar | Cytogenetic analyses by means of trypsin-Giemsa banding technique were performed on bone marrow cells from a total of 12 patients--nine with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and three with myelodysplastic syndrome--and a history of rheumatoid arthritis. Clonal chromosomal abnormalities were identified in two patients with previous exposure to petroleum products, and radiation therapy for a malignant tumor, respectively; one additional patient had a loss of the Y chromosome as the sole aberration. All the remaining nine patients had completely normal karyotypes. Seven patients had received treatment for rheumatoid arthritis with mutagenic drugs. Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome secondary to cytotoxic treatment for a previous malignancy display multiple, usually complex, structural and numerical chromosomal abnormalities in the majority of cases. The contrasting findings in the present patient series suggest other pathogenetic mechanisms in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome following rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 1679569 | [The comparative effectiveness of using basic preparations in the combined therapy of rheu | 1991 | Comparison of the time-course of changes in the clinico-laboratory, x-ray and immunological findings in RA patients under the influence of the treatment with azathioprine (50 patients) sulfasalazine (42 patients) and their combination (48 patients) has demonstrated that the best effect (64.6%) may be provided by the use of combined therapy. Azathioprine and sulfasalazine should be administered in combination to patients with seropositive RA, systemic disease manifestations and a high laboratory activity as well as to patients with hormonal dependence. To reduce the number of untoward effects the indicated basic drugs should be applied in moderate doses. | |
| 2367663 | Rheumatoid arthritis: evaluation of hypervascular and fibrous pannus with dynamic MR imagi | 1990 Aug | The knees of 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and two healthy volunteers were evaluated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Spin-echo sequences were performed, and the signal-intensity patterns of normal and pathologic articular soft-tissue structures were quantitatively evaluated with a dynamic FLASH (fast low-angle shot) sequence after bolus intravenous injection of gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid. In contrast to the spin-echo images obtained before injection of contrast material, it appears possible with this technique to distinguish joint effusion from hypervascular pannus formations and to grade the vascularity of proliferative synovitis. Flat pannus deposits on the articular surface and subchondral pannus masses were identified only by their marked enhancement of signal intensity after injection of contrast material. Dynamic MR imaging appears to yield decisive information for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3789832 | Coronary arteritis complicating rheumatoid arthritis. | 1986 Nov | The case is described of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed heart failure and vasculitis and died of a myocardial infarction. Autopsy showed vasculitis of several major epicardial coronary arteries. Coronary arteritis in a patient with RA is seldom diagnosed during their lifetime but should be suspected when such a patient develops ischaemic heart disease. | |
| 2868699 | Sulphasalazine in rheumatoid arthritis: desensitising the patient with a skin rash. | 1986 Feb | Sulphasalazine has been shown to be useful in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. However, its use may be complicated by a skin rash. Eight patients with a rash have undergone desensitisation, the aim of which was to achieve a daily dose of 2 g sulphasalazine. This was successful in five patients, partially successful in two, and failed in one patient. Desensitisation to sulphasalazine is a simple outpatient procedure, which subsequently allows the majority of patients developing a skin rash to continue treatment. | |
| 1934316 | The sensitivity of synthesis of human cartilage matrix to inhibition by IL-1 suggests a me | 1991 Apr | The damage to articular cartilage, characteristic of arthritic disease, is usually ascribed to increased degradative activity by enzymes or free radicals from locally activated cells. We propose that inhibition of matrix synthesis, and consequential impairment of the natural repair process, may be at least as important in chronic joint disease. | |
| 3238367 | ELISA estimations of rheumatoid factor IgM, IgA, and IgG in sera from RA patients with hig | 1988 | Although Elisa assays detecting rheumatoid factor's (RF) show high sensitivity and specificity, difficulties with IgA- and especially IgG-RF testing in ELISA systems, due to interaction from 'contaminating' IgM-RF is still thought to be a problem. Sera from 15 Rheumatoid Arthritis patients with high disease activity and high IgM-RF values were Dithiothreitol (DTT) treated. IgM-RF values were reduced to approximately zero in all tested sera. IgA-RF activity declined as expected, but also showed a statistically significant correlation between % reduction after DTT treatment and the IgM-RF value from the same serum sample. IgG-RF also decreased after DTT treatment, most pronounced for high IgG-RF values. A correlation (not statistically significant) between the % reduction in IgG-RF after DTT treatment and the IgM-RF value from the same serum sample was observed. Pepsin and Diethylammonium ethyl (DEAE) reduced the IgG-RF activity even more than after DTT treatment of the sera. Fractionation by Gel filtration of 8 serum samples showed that all the RF activity were found according to the 'first top' of the gel filtration curve. | |
| 3188658 | [Do patients with active chronic polyarthritis get "basic therapy"?]. | 1988 | The determination of the adequacy of an individual therapeutical regimen is part of the process evaluation of medical care. To evaluate the adequacy of individual antirheumatic therapy, we developed a five step procedure: 1. Assessment of the patient's health status; 2. assessment of his/her former and current therapy; 3. determination of the adequate antirheumatic therapy following an explicit norm; 4. formal comparison of current and adequate treatment; 5. clinical evaluation of possible differences between norm and reality. Due to methodological reasons we concentrated on the current treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (rA) patients with remission inducing drugs (RIDs; e.g. Chloroquine, Gold). The study analyzed the RID treatment of 75 rA-sufferers; 25 patients were referred to our outpatient department for the first time in late 1986; 25 patients were recruited from a social-medical study covering employed but actually disabled members of a major health insurance (AOK) in Hannover; 25 subjects were derived from an ongoing population study ("prevalence and care of rheumatoid arthritis in Hannover"). Only 9 out of 49 (18%) patients with an active disease, formally in need of treatment, were currently treated with RIDs. Thus 40 out of 49 (82%) seemed to be under an inadequate treatment. From the clinical point of view this formal judgement was assumed to be false positive in 5 and false negative in 15 cases. In relation to the clinical judgements we found for the formal procedure a sensitivity of 0.70 with a specificity of 0.80 and an overall agreement of 73% (kappa 0.44). | |
| 2012942 | Is diet important in rheumatoid arthritis? | 1991 Apr | There is evidence from several well documented case reports that occasional patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may develop aggravation of their arthritis as a result of allergy to some ingredient in the diet. A variety of foodstuffs have been implicated including milk and milk products, corn and cereals. Total fasting results in improvement in rheumatoid arthritis, but appears to be mediated by diminution in production of chemical mediators of inflammation, rather than by elimination of a dietary allergen. There is conflicting evidence from studies using various intestinal probes that patients with rheumatoid arthritis may have a 'leaky' intestinal mucosa allowing food allergens to be more easily absorbed. Clinical therapeutic trials of exclusion diets have employed the standard strategy of the double-blind randomized method. However, this presupposes that patients entered into such a study are capable of improvement with dietary manipulation. Since this is often not the case, a more appropriate method would be to employ the 'intensive research design' also known as 'single case experiment' and 'N of 1' study. 'Masked food intolerance' is an attractive hypothesis, but extremely difficult to prove. It is doubtful whether fish oils and/or evening primrose oil will be of significant long term benefit for patients with RA. However, they do provide for the possibility that a fatty acid-like substance may be found which may be incorporated into cell membranes, thereby preventing production of mediators of inflammation, such as prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene B4. | |
| 2614554 | Nutrition and the rheumatoid hand patient. | 1989 Oct | The incidence of nutritional depletion in 40 rheumatoid patients and the factors that influence these patients' nutritional status were investigated. More than half of the patients (52.5%) were found to be nutritionally deficient. | |
| 1856802 | Long acting drug combinations in rheumatoid arthritis: a formal overview. | 1991 Mar | We compared the benefits and risks of combinations of long acting antirheumatic drugs with those of the same drugs used singly in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. We searched the literature through MEDLINE (1966-89), Index Medicus (1956-65), Excerpta Medica (1982-89), Science Citation Index (1982-89), and bibliographic review of located articles. Of a total of 341 citations, we identified 7 prospective trials that specifically addressed the stated purpose. We independently assessed the quality of the selected trials, using published methodological criteria and summarized the effect of treatment on arthritis activity and the incidence of side effects. The trials we evaluated tested various drug combinations. Because of deficiencies in methods and reporting, only 3 trials had sufficient quality to yield strong or moderately strong evidence. None conclusively demonstrated benefit of a drug combination: 2 suggested such benefit, including 1 also suggesting increased toxicity; the 3rd suggested only increased toxicity. The other 4 trials yielded weak evidence to support both increased efficacy and toxicity. The advantages of any antirheumatic drug combination remain unproven. Because these advantages are likely to be modest, they can only be shown in rigorously designed trials enrolling large numbers of patients. Methods and reporting of antirheumatic drug trials should be standardized to allow combining of study results. |