Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2445715 | HLA DQ alpha and DQ beta restriction fragment length polymorphisms associated with Felty's | 1987 Aug | HLA DQ alpha and DQ beta cDNA probes were used to study TaqI generated restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in DR4-positive patients with Felty's syndrome (FS), seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and in HLA-DR4 positive controls. The results of this analysis revealed two DQ beta RFLP patterns (DQ beta 3a and DQ beta 3b) associated with DR4, of which DQ beta 3b was found at significantly higher frequency in patients with FS (73%) or with RA (52%) than in DR4 controls (29%). Hind III generated RFLPs provide evidence that DQ beta 3b is in strong linkage disequilibrium with the gene encoding the serologically recognized epitope TA10. Results obtained using a DQ alpha chain probe revealed polymorphic differences between DQ alpha chain genes associated with different DR types, thereby providing a possible explanation for the lack of association between RA and other DR haplotypes in linkage disequilibrium with TA10. We conclude that both DQ alpha and DQ beta genes may be important in determining HLA-linked susceptibility to severe forms of RA. | |
| 2629157 | [The clinical manifestations and pathogenetic characteristics of skeletal muscle involveme | 1989 | The state of skeletal muscles was subjected to a comprehensive study in 106 patients with verified rheumatoid arthritis. Kinesthetic, thermography, electromyography, tensometry and morphohistochemical methods were employed together with determination of serum activity of creatine phosphokinase. The muscular syndrome of the disease was characterized by the presence of foci of myofibrosis manifesting as local painful indurations of different size and consistency. It has been shown that one of the mechanisms of muscular injury in rheumatoid arthritis is the neural reflex one: under the influence of pathological impulses from the damaged joint there occur tonic and dystrophic alterations in the muscle, vasomotor dysfunctions and derangement of the neurotrophic control. | |
| 2834818 | [Parvoviruses as pathogenic agents in man]. | 1988 Mar 12 | Since 1981 an increasing number of human parvovirus infections have been reported. There is now clear evidence that parvovirus B19 is the causative agent of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). Further clinical situations associated with this virus include aplastic crisis in patients with hemolytic anemia and acute and persistent arthropathies preferentially occurring in adult women. Transplacental infection during pregnancy may result in hydrops foetalis, intrauterine death and spontaneous abortion. Additional, thus far barely characterized parvoviruses have been isolated from individuals with enteritis or rheumatoid arthritis. The present review summarizes today's knowledge of the biological properties and relevance of human parvoviruses as pathogens. The potentialities and limitations of laboratory diagnosis in parvovirus infections are discussed. | |
| 3581698 | Serum gold concentrations during treatment with auranofin. | 1987 Mar | Serum gold concentrations were measured in rheumatoid arthritis patients during chronic treatment with the orally adsorbable gold compound auranofin. In agreement with data in the literature, the highest serum gold concentration was reached after 16 weeks of treatment with 6 mg auranofin daily. A striking finding in this study was that thereafter the serum gold concentrations did not appear to plateau but declined gradually. Statistically this resulted in a significantly lower concentration after one year as compared with week 16 (p less than 0.05, paired t-test). It is suggested that a shift from protein bound gold to cell-bound gold might be the explanation. | |
| 1875746 | Practice variation in rheumatologists' encounters with their patients who have rheumatoid | 1991 Aug | This article examines practice variation among rheumatologists in their use of time and procedures in follow-up outpatient encounters with rheumatoid arthritis patients. It focuses on differences across individual physicians rather than differences in populations of patients. In addition, the total variance is divided into parts due to patient characteristics, the providers' economic and other incentives to do procedures or reduce contact time, individual practice styles, and the random sampling of encounters. Data are taken from a stratified random sampling of U.S. rheumatologists. Analyses are based on 1,154 outpatient follow-up encounters with rheumatoid arthritis patients provided by 66 physicians, each of whom reported at least ten such encounters. There are large differences among the physicians in visit length, number of monitoring procedures used per encounter, and whether the encounter included measurements of complete blood count/urinalysis or erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Individual practice style differences are far more important causes of the variation that was observed among providers than are patient differences or practice incentive differences. It was determined that 5-40% of the cost of specific management activities could be saved by reducing the highest use. | |
| 1859489 | The latex test revisited. Rheumatoid factor testing in 8,287 rheumatic disease patients. | 1991 Aug | Rheumatoid factor (RF) testing by latex fixation in 8,287 outpatients yielded a sensitivity of 81.6% and 78.0% at titers of 1:20 and 1:80, respectively, and a specificity against noninflammatory rheumatic disorders (NIRD) of 96.6% and 97.9% and against NIRD plus inflammatory disorders of 95.2% and 96.8%, respectively. The predictive value of a positive test result at the clinic prevalence rate for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (16.4%) was approximately 80%, and was 70% at 10% prevalence and 10% at 1% prevalence. No associations of RF with age or sex were found in non-RA patients. RF titers increased minimally with age in RA patients and were higher in men than in women. This study suggests that latex testing is far more specific than has been believed and that the titer is not spuriously increased with age. | |
| 2338009 | Retinal vasculitis in rheumatoid arthritis: an angiographic study. | 1990 Mar | The authors studied sixty patients affected by classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA), to evaluate the possible existence of retinal vasculitis, by employing fluorescein angiography. Retinal vasculitis was found in 18% of the examined patients, even if no clinical and ophthalmoscopic signs of retinal vessel inflammation were present. The authors suggest that the retina should be examined in RA patients, since retinal vasculitis may be asymptomatic at the beginning, but can represent one of the possible extra-articular manifestations of the disease. | |
| 1792594 | [The problems, mental disorders and quality of life of rheumatoid arthritis patients]. | 1991 | There were 157 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Of these, only 65 patients (41.4%) failed to show any factor at the disease onset, which could be estimated as provoking. Psychoemotional factor was most common (in 47.7% of cases). Later the indicated factor played a more important part: only 5.1% of the patients denied or doubted it. In most cases, the distress was caused by family relations. There was an appreciable difference in the intensity of the problems in family and single patients. Affective disorders (neurotic and hypopsychotic depressions) were mostly recorded among mental disorders. The life quality determined in accordance with the self-estimation of the "health" and happiness" noticeably depended both on biological factors (pain intensity, the degree of damage to the bones and joints, and the disease stage) and on social factors--the educational level and social position. The degree of personality merits defined according to the self-estimation of the "mentality" and "character" appeared higher in persons with higher education and in patients suffering from erosive arthritis. The data obtained provide evidence for the necessity of psychosomatic orientation of practicing physicians. | |
| 2112199 | Mycobacterial antigens stimulate rheumatoid mononuclear cells to cartilage proteoglycan de | 1990 Apr | In a coculture with porcine articular cartilage explants unstimulated blood mononuclear cells (BMC) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but not from healthy controls, induced proteoglycan depletion of dead cartilage. Specific stimulation of the RA BMC with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT), in comparison with concanavalin A (Con-A), strongly enhanced the proteoglycan depletion of living cartilage; this was not found with the BMC of healthy controls. However, the MT induced proliferative responses of the same BMC were similar in healthy controls and patients with RA. Neither the proliferative response nor the proteoglycan depletion was influenced by the presence of HLA-DR4 in the donor, whether patients with RA or healthy control. The proliferative responses of the RA BMC seemed to correlate inversely with the proteoglycan depletion. We conclude that stimulation of RA BMC with mycobacterial antigens may elicit effector pathways that induce proteoglycan depletion, independent of T cell proliferation. | |
| 2765011 | Pain control and rational thinking. Implications for rheumatoid arthritis. | 1989 Aug | In this study, we examined the factor structure of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire and studied the relevance of the coping process to health status in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The 2 factors of the questionnaire that were analyzed were Coping Attempts and Pain Control and Rational Thinking. The Pain Control and Rational Thinking factor was related to pain and psychological status, even after demographic variables and disease severity were statistically controlled. In addition, increases in Pain Control and Rational Thinking scores were related to improvements in pain, psychological status, and health status. Implications for the psychological care of rheumatoid arthritis patients are discussed. | |
| 1891558 | Cognitive and emotional disturbances in systemic lupus erythematosus. | 1991 | Do patients with central nervous system systemic lupus erythematosus (CNS-SLE) demonstrate more cognitive and emotional disturbances than SLE patients without cerebral involvement (non-CNS-SLE) and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? Test results indicated that CNS-SLE patients performed less well on two concentration subtests in comparison with both non-CNS-SLE and RA patients and scored higher on three psychopathology scales (borderline personality symptoms, dysthymic symptoms and psychotic depression). The representativity and reliability of the present results will be discussed. | |
| 1947672 | Generalized osteoporosis in non-steroid treated rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 | To investigate the presence of reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and to assess determinants of bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis, 45 female patients suffering from non-steroid treated rheumatoid arthritis were submitted to dual photon absorptiometry of the lumbar spine and to laboratory tests for calcium metabolism. The rheumatoid arthritis patients were divided into two groups according to anatomic grade and functional class; no abnormalities in calcium metabolism were detected whereas BMD was significantly lower in the third and fourth grade and in the third and fourth class patients (P less than 0.005 versus controls, versus grades I and II and versus classes 1 and 2). BMD was significantly correlated with age (P less than 0.001) and years postmenopausal (P less than 0.01), but not with duration of disease. By multiple linear regression we derived an equation predictive of BMD. Osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis is observed even in non-corticosteroid treated patients; articular lesions with subsequent reduction in physical activity appear to play an important role in axial bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 2392639 | Anaemia of chronic disease in rheumatoid arthritis. Raised serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) leve | 1990 | Serum and bone marrow from 21 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were studied in order to establish the pathogenetic role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in anemia of chronic disease (ACD). Erythroid colony growth, using burst forming units of erythroblasts (BFUe) as a parameter, was impaired in ACD and not in nonanemic RA controls. Serum IL-6 was elevated in ACD and it correlated well with parameters of disease activity such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein. IL-6 addition to bone marrow cultures had inconsistent effects while anti-IL-6 addition resulted in impaired erythroid colony growth, suggesting stimulatory effects of IL-6 produced in the medium, which may be masked by simultaneous production of cytokines with suppressive effects. It was concluded that elevated serum IL-6 in ACD reflects disease activity. It probably plays no pathogenetic role in ACD. Its stimulatory effects on erythroid growth might counteract suppressive effects of other interleukins. | |
| 2899645 | Sulfasalazine treatment and lymphocyte function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1988 Apr | Sulfasalazine is now an established 2nd line agent in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but its mode of action is unknown. Two separate studies have investigated the possibility that it works in RA by influencing lymphocyte function. After 12 weeks of treatment with sulfasalazine, elevated levels of circulating activated lymphocytes and abnormal ex vivo mitogen response to concanavalin A (Con-A) in 11 patients with RA reverted to normal. An in vitro study investigated the effect of sulfasalazine and its metabolites on mitogen response by healthy and RA peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Sulfapyridine (SP) and 5-hydroxy SP suppressed the response of RA PBMC to Con-A. Sulfasalazine, SP and N-acetyl SP suppressed the response of healthy PBMC to pokeweed mitogen. 5-aminosalicylic acid also affected mitogen response and cell viability, which may be relevant to actions of this metabolite within the gut. | |
| 3234465 | Piroxicam in breast milk after long-term treatment. | 1988 | The presence of piroxicam in breast milk was determined by HPTLC during initial and long term dosing in 4 women treated for arthritis. Piroxicam appeared in breast milk at about 1-3% of the maternal plasma concentration. No accumulation of piroxicam occurred in milk relative to that in plasma up to 52 days of treatment. Neither piroxicam nor its conjugates were detectable in the urine of one breast-fed infant. The daily dose ingested by the infant was calculated to average 3.5% (maximum 6.3%) of the weight-related maternal dose of piroxicam. It is concluded that a breast-fed infant will be exposed to a very small amount of piroxicam. | |
| 1696565 | Role of lymphocyte activation by substance P in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1990 | Peripheral mononuclear cells taken from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, which had previously been treated in vitro with the neuropeptide Substance P (SP) followed by stimulation with the mitogen PHA, showed a significantly higher percent positivity of lymphocytes with the double-markers CD4+ CD2+, CD8+ CD25+, CD4+, HLA-DR+ and CD8+ HLA-DR+ than those of the cells untreated by SP. No effect of SP was detected in normal controls, except that the cells with the double-marker CD4+ CD25+ were slightly increased. Furthermore, in RA patients the percentage of CD4+ CD45R- cells was increased, while that of CD4+ CD45R+ cells was decreased, by pre-treatment with SP and stimulation with PHA. Monocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis after the treatment with SP released a significantly higher amount of oxygen-intermediate than those of normal controls with or without SP. From these results, it could be considered that SP plays an important role in RA inflammation. | |
| 2735153 | [Vasculitis with anemia infarcts of the villi of the synovial membrane in rheumatoid arthr | 1989 Mar | The observation of partial or total necrotic synovial villi in cases of rheumatoid arthritis was the occasion to examine if these necroses are caused by an obturated vasculitis and can be interpreted therefore as anemic infarcts. We have investigated 415 synovial membranes of 200 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 5% of the synovial membranes in 10% of the patients showed infarcts of villi with necrotizing thrombovasculitis of the main artery or several vessels at the basis of villi. The infarcts were frequently localized at the hand (12.5%) and elbow (10.5%) joints. The infarcts of villi have a relation to the local histologic activity of the synovialitis. Only synovial membranes with high and middle activity show corresponding findings. There was no syntropy with rheumatoid granulomas. Because necroses of villi without vasculitis are also seen, it remains to be answered if these are caused by a provable vasculitis, or by another pathogenesis. The fate of the infarcts is different--some enter the joints as "rice bodies", others organize from a basis of villi. The infarcts of villi are expressions of a severe local disturbance of circulation. They are able to potentiate the local activity and the progress of synovialitis. | |
| 3121826 | Rheumatoid nodule in the oral mucosa. A case report with immunohistochemical study. | 1987 Sep | A case of rheumatoid nodule in the buccal mucosa is reported. Histologically, 3 of zones characteristic rheumatoid nodules were recognized: a central necrotic area, an intermediate zone with palisading mesenchymal cells and an outer layer composed of chronic inflammatory cells. By immunohistochemical studies, ferritin was found in some of the cells in the intermediate zone, suggesting that these cells may be of histiocytic origin. Granuloma annulare and necrobiosis lipoidica may be differential diagnoses. | |
| 2698511 | [Clinico-diagnostic significance of rheumatoid factors of different classes in rheumatoid | 1989 | Enzyme immunoassay was used to measure the content of rheumatoid factors (RF) of the M, A, and G classes in the blood sera of 111 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 30 patients with osteoarthrosis deformans, and 60 donors. The ranges of normal values for each RF class were defined. The levels of all the three RF classes were significantly higher in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis vs. the reference groups. IgM, IgA, and IgG RF were regularly elevated in the patients with rapidly progressing rheumatoid arthritis and with visceritis, whereas IgM and IgG RF levels were increased in those with the maximal activity of the disease. RF of various classes are more often detectable by the enzyme immunoassay than by the Vaaler-Roset's or latex agglutination tests. | |
| 2257780 | [Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (Grönblad-Strandberg syndrome) and rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1990 Dec 14 | A 72-year-old woman, not previously known to have coronary heart disease, was admitted to hospital with an acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. The history revealed that, when about 40 years of age, a coarse skin-fold and yellowish-white xanthoma-like efflorescences had been noted around her umbilicus, the inguinal regions and axillae. These changes subsequently developed into a pathognomonic picture of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PE), which was a significant factor in the myocardial infarction. At the age of 69 years, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), stage II after Steinbrocker, had been diagnosed on the basis of morning stiffness, symmetrical arthritis in more than three joint regions and the radiological appearance of narrowed joint spaces with erosions. Different pathological mechanisms of PE and RA change the connective tissue metabolism, thus affecting the same target tissue, but there is no known connection between the two diseases. |