Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3264137 | Chromosome 14 markers in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1988 Oct | Phenotype frequencies for variants of the chromosome 14 markers, alpha 1 antitrypsin (protease inhibitor--Pi), and immunoglobulin heavy chain gene allotypes (Gm and Am) were examined in affected and unaffected members of multicase rheumatoid arthritis (RA) families and compared with published population data. Significantly higher frequencies of phenotypes containing Pi*Z and Pi*S were observed in unrelated index RA cases compared with UK population data. There was also a higher frequency of Pi*Z in family members without RA than in population controls but no such difference for the frequency of Pi*S. No difference in the frequency of PiM1M2 heterozygotes was seen between patients with RA and population controls. An examination of clinical data failed to show any relation between any particular feature of RA and positivity for Pi*Z or Pi*S. No significant differences in frequency of Gm phenotypes were observed between patients with RA and controls. Significant association was found, however, between Pi*Z and Gm phenotypes containing Gm(zax;g). These associations are interpreted as indicating linkage disequilibria between these alleles. No interactions between DR4 and either G1m(z), (a), or (x) allotypes were apparent in patients with RA. A significant association was seen in the index RA cases between DR4 and Pi phenotypes carrying Z or S alleles. Observations from this study provide evidence for the existence of a genetic component for RA susceptibility encoded on chromosome 14. An interactive effect of these genes with DR4 towards susceptibility appears likely. | |
| 2834169 | Effects of interleukin-1 and anti-inflammatory drugs on the degradation of human articular | 1988 | It has been suggested that metalloproteases produced by chondrocytes play an important role in cartilage breakdown in joint diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in enzyme activities in human rheumatoid and osteoarthritic articular cartilage. Cartilage fragments were incubated with various drugs for 48 hours. The concentrated culture media were used as enzyme solutions. Collagenase was assayed using FITC-collagen as the substrate. Proteoglycanase (PGase) was measured either by the release of 35S-labelled proteoglycans from cartilage into the medium, or by enzyme assay using proteoglycan monomer bound to fluorescein-conjugated hyaluronic acid as the substrate. Collagenase and proteoglycanase were found only in trace amounts in the concentrated media of healthy cartilage. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) enhanced the enzyme activities significantly. Marked increases of enzyme activities were observed in the concentrated media of rheumatoid (RA) and osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage. The sensitivity to interleukin-1 was also higher in OA and RA cartilage compared with healthy cartilage. Dexamethasone (10(-6) mol/L) markedly depressed enzyme activity. Tiaprofenic acid (4 x 10(-5) mol/L) also decreased enzyme activity, whereas indomethacin (4 x 10(-6) mol/L) and naproxen (3 x 10(-4) mol/L) had no effect. | |
| 2312530 | Total elbow arthroplasty with a non-constrained surface-replacement prosthesis in patients | 1990 Mar | Thirty-seven elbows in thirty-six patients who had rheumatoid arthritis had a total elbow arthroplasty with insertion of a non-constrained surface-replacement prosthesis. The patients were followed for an average of nine years and six months, the longest follow-up being seventeen years. A good result was seen in twenty-nine elbows; a fair result, in one; and a poor result, in seven. The reasons for the poor results were gross posterior displacement of the humeral component in five elbows, persistent subluxation with pain in one, and recurrent ankylosis in one. Of the five elbows that had gross posterior displacement, four had a revision operation with a new humeral component, and a satisfactory result was eventually achieved. Radiographic examination revealed various degrees of proximal subsidence of the humeral component in 70 per cent of the elbows. However, in most of the elbows the subsidence was not progressive and was compatible with a good clinical result. In contrast, the rate of loosening of the ulnar component was low; loosening was seen in only 5 per cent of the elbows. Seventeen elbows were followed for ten years or more, and comparison of the clinical results in the intermediate period with those at the most recent review revealed that the results improved with time. Because of the number of elbows in which subsidence of the humeral component developed, we now use a humeral component with an intramedullary stem, and were no longer recommend the use of our Type-1 and Type-2 prostheses. | |
| 3254147 | Amyloid tumour of the breast simulating carcinoma. | 1988 Jul | A case is presented of a 55-year old woman with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis who presented with a lump in her right breast and a markedly enlarged right axillary lymph node. Carcinoma of the breast with lymphadenopathy was diagnosed clinically, but excisional biopsy revealed an amyloid tumour of the breast and amyloid lymphadenopathy. Amyloid tumour of the breast is an infrequently reported lesion and the association of axillary lymphadenopathy has not been reported before. The literature is reviewed and the need for a tissue diagnosis prior to embarkation on specific therapy is emphasized. | |
| 3526234 | Basal joint arthritis. Fusion, implant, or soft tissue reconstruction? | 1986 Jul | The basal joint of the thumb is often afflicted with arthritis with significant resultant disability. Many reconstructive procedures are available. Many factors must be considered to choose the best procedure for the individual patient. | |
| 1775874 | [Lung diseases and treatment with methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1991 | Methotrexate (MTX) is used as sequential treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in doses ranging from 5 to 20 mg per week, but its effectiveness is impaired by undesirable and sometimes severe side-effects, notably on the lungs. We report three cases of lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis under MTX therapy. Two patients had a lung infection caused by Escherichia coli and Pneumocystis carinii respectively and the third patient was a case of fatal pneumonia imputed to MTX. The signs and symptoms of these acute infectious or iatrogenic lung diseases are not specific. Bronchial endoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage usually leads to a diagnostic of opportunistic infection, but it may also show an isolated excess, in both number and percentage, of alveolar leucocytes, pointing to a drug-induced pneumopathy. Acute respiratory failure due to MTX-induced pneumonia is not uncommon. It rapidly regresses either spontaneously or under corticosteroid therapy, but a number of deaths, as in our last patient, have been reported. The occurrence of these lung diseases is unrelated to the total dose of MTX. Reintroducing MTX does not mean that the condition will necessarily recur, but this can only be done in the absence of any other possible treatment. | |
| 3615800 | [Chemiluminescence of oxygen radicals. A computerized method for its evaluation]. | 1986 Sep | The measurement of oxygen free radicals (O2-) production after polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) stimulation may be useful to elucidate the pathogenesis of rheumatic disorders and to assess the efficacy of anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid drugs. The Authors describe a computerized method (with original specific analogic/digital converter and software) which allows a rapid and accurate determination of O2- production and a prompt storage of the data. The Authors, in disagreement with the current opinion, believe that PMNLs activity is more truly expressed by the total amount of emitted energy in a defined interval time than by the peak of emitted energy. | |
| 2003387 | Souter-Strathclyde arthroplasty of the rheumatoid elbow. 23 cases followed for 3 years. | 1991 Feb | Twenty-three elbows in 17 rheumatoid arthritis patients have undergone unconstrained Souter-Strathclyde elbow replacements since March 1984. One patient developed a deep-wound infection, and 4 others had a temporary ulnar nerve paresis. At follow-up 3 (0.5-6) years postoperatively, there was a moderate improvement in the arc of movements: 25 degrees in extension-flexion and 45 degrees in forearm rotation. Pain relief was achieved in 20 cases. Three elbows required revision, two following recurrent dislocation and the other after a humeral fracture and component loosening. | |
| 3802576 | A sensitive radioimmunoassay for alpha-interferon: circulating alpha-interferon-like subst | 1986 Oct | A radioimmunoassay for circulating alpha-interferon (IFN alpha) has been developed using lymphoblastoid IFN alpha. The assay was specific for IFN alpha, and did not cross-react with IFN beta, IFN gamma, or ACTH, while it was specifically inhibited by recombinant IFN alpha. The radioimmunoassay (y) correlated linearly with the virus inhibition assay (x), with a regression line of y on x of y = 0.659x + 245 (u) (P less than 0.01). alpha-Interferon-like substance (IFN alpha-LS) was extracted and concentrated from plasma either by silicic acid or by antibody immunoadsorption. Serial dilutions of plasma and extracted samples of plasma showed dilution curves identical to those of standard IFN alpha, suggesting the presence of endogenous IFN alpha in human plasma. The circulating IFN alpha-LS of healthy individuals aged 20 to 45 was 0.207 +/- 0.055 ng/ml in males (n = 48) and 0.172 +/- 0.076 ng/ml in females (n = 34). Gel filtration studies on a Sephadex G-75 column suggested that circulating IFN alpha-LS exists in a fragmented form, inactive in virus inhibition assays, in the plasma of healthy individuals. The finding may help explain why biological IFN alpha is often undetectable in the plasma of healthy donors, yet is detectable by radioimmunoassay. Circulating IFN alpha-LS in the plasma of healthy individuals declined gradually with age. IFN alpha-LS was significantly decreased in the plasma of rheumatoid arthritis patients, when compared with the value found in the age and sex-matched healthy controls and in osteoarthritis patients (P less than 0.0001). The decrease was related neither to treatment nor to disease activity. IFN alpha-LS was, however, not decreased in the plasma of vasculitis patients. Decreased IFN alpha-LS in rheumatoid arthritis may be important from pathogenetic and therapeutic standpoints. | |
| 1920333 | Should methotrexate be discontinued before elective orthopedic surgery in patients with rh | 1991 Jul | To determine if methotrexate (MTX) contributes to early postoperative complications, we studied 38 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who underwent elective orthopedic surgery. There were 4 complications of prosthetic joint infection or wound dehiscence or infection among 19 procedures performed on patients who continued MTX until less than 4 weeks before surgery, compared to no complications among 34 procedures performed on patients who discontinued MTX 4 weeks before surgery or who were taking no remittive agent for 3 months before surgery (p less than 0.03, Fisher's exact, 2-tailed). No demographic, clinical, laboratory, nutritional, or intraoperative differences between the 2 groups were apparent, suggesting that MTX may play a role in early postoperative complications in patients with RA. A larger, prospective trial to study this issue is warranted. | |
| 2588053 | Functional evaluation of the spinal cord by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with rh | 1989 Oct | Thirty-four patients with atlanto-axial instability due to rheumatoid arthritis were examined with plain x-ray views and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MR), and were neurologically evaluated. Transcranial brain stimulation was performed in 25 patients. In 22 cases, the authors observed inflammatory tissue thicker than 3 mm behind the odontoid peg. The spinal canal diameter was significantly decreased in the flexed position. Nine patients showed signs of cranial migration of the axis. The diameter of the spinal cord was measured to be 7.4 mm in the neutral position, and 6.5 mm in flexion. The difference between the diameter of the neutral and flexed positions was highly significant. Twelve of the 34 patients displayed clinical signs of cervical myelopathy, and 13 showed a significant delay of central motor latency, as calculated from the motor evoked potentials. Surgical intervention, either by a posterior approach only or combined with a transoral dens and inflammatory tissue resection, is recommended in patients with progressive atlanto-axial instability, pathologic clinical and neurophysiologic findings, and a spinal cord diameter of less than 6 mm in flexion. Severe pain and cranial migration of the axis, as measured by the MRI, also justify a surgical intervention. | |
| 2029205 | Characterisation of the size and composition of circulating immune complexes in patients w | 1991 Apr | The size and composition of circulating immune complexes in the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were studied in relation to different manifestations of the disease. Circulating immune complexes from the sera of 94 patients (50 with extra-articular disease) and 10 matched controls were fractionated by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. The composition, immunoglobulin and rheumatoid factor (RF) concentrations within each of the fractions were determined by a sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Intermediate size (14S-21S) IgG complexes containing RF activity and 22S IgG-IgM RF complexes were found in the sera of 40 patients with RA, while intermediate size complexes of self associated IgG RF and larger size complexes (greater than 22S) of IgG RF and IgM RF were associated with extra-articular features of RA (50% of extra-articular disease). Complexes containing IgA were found in the sera of many patients with RA, and dimeric IgA RF mainly in patients with extra-articular disease. These results support the view that whereas small size circulating immune complexes are of no primary pathogenic importance in synovitis, large size (greater than 22S) circulating immune complexes may play a role in extra-articular disease in RA. Current understanding of the formation of large complexes provides a biological explanation for their occurrence and effects. | |
| 2810276 | Evaluation of the complement split product C3dg in synovial fluid as a possible diagnostic | 1989 Sep | Analyses of C3 split products with C3d specificity (C3dg) were performed in 157 synovial fluids (SF) of 129 patients with various known joint diseases. Considerable overlap between all inflammatory infectious, and crystal induced disease categories confines the value of such measurements as a diagnostic guide to only a few clinical situations. In seronegative as well as in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis no correlation between SF C3d levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate could be found. | |
| 3772919 | Antihistone antibodies detected by ELISA and immunoblotting in systemic lupus erythematosu | 1986 Aug | Antihistone antibodies were sought in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), melanomas, leukemias and other cancers (particularly breast cancer) by micro-ELISA, using a solution of total histones as antigen. This solution contained H1 and core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). ELISA was positive in 59.8% of SLE cases, 5.2% of RA cases, 11.1% of melanomas, 13.6% of leukemias and 5.6% of other cancers. Immunoblotting using total histones enabled us to clarify the histone fraction recognized by antihistone antibodies. In SLE, these were mainly anti-H1 and anti-H2B antibodies. In RA, antibodies recognized all histone fractions. However, some sera from patients with RA stained the H4 band more intensely. | |
| 3101623 | An investigation of the action of disease modifying antirheumatic drugs on the rheumatoid | 1987 Jan | Synovial needle biopsy specimens from the knee joints of seven patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were examined immunohistochemically before and after six months' treatment with either gold or penicillamine (disease modifying drugs, DMDs). There were significant reductions in the numbers of infiltrating T lymphocytes and a disproportionate fall in the numbers of lymphocytes of the helper/inducer subset when compared with those of the suppressor/cytotoxic subset. This resulted in a fall in the ratio of helper/inducer to suppressor/cytotoxic cells. The immunohistological changes correlated with improvements in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum immunoglobulins, visual analogue pain assessment, grip strength, and Ritchie articular index. A second group of nine patients with RA, already well established on DMD therapy, did not show similar changes after the six month period. The HLA class II antigens DR, DQ, and DP were widely expressed on lymphocytes, macrophages, and synovial lining cells of a group of patients with RA who had never received disease modifying drug therapy. After treatment there was a significant reduction in the expression of HLA-DP and DQ antigens. | |
| 2625688 | Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in rheumatoid arthritis: duration of use as a measure | 1989 Dec | To determine if any nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) was superior in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, duration of use of each drug was employed as a measure of combined efficacy and tolerability. Duration was treated as survival data and a proportional hazards model utilized to adjust for differences in disease severity and concomitant antirheumatic therapy. One hundred and sixteen patients took 188 courses of nonsalicylate NSAID during the 3-year study period. The NSAID prescribed included naproxen, ibuprofen, sulindac, indomethacin, piroxicam, and tolmetin. Naproxen was used significantly longer than any other NSAID (p less than 0.001). | |
| 2737929 | HLA class III haplotypes in multicase rheumatoid arthritis families. | 1989 Jun | The class III complement proteins (C2, BF, C4A, and C4B) were studied in 57 multicase rheumatoid arthritis (RA) families. When the gene frequencies for RA probands were compared to a normal control panel (162 haplotypes), a significantly higher frequency of the rare variant C4B*3 was observed (p less than 0.05). No significant differences were seen for the other C2, BF, C4A, or C4B alleles. The most common haplotype found in the probands was HLA-Cw5,B44,C2*C,BF*S,C4A*3,C4B*3,DR4, occurring with a frequency of 0.088. Haplotypes containing HLA-DR4 and Bw62 were found to carry either C4A*3,C4B*3; C4A*3,C4B*1; or C4A*4,C4B*2. When only haplotypes containing DR4 were compared between probands and controls, the frequency of the C4B*3-bearing haplotype remained higher in the probands. It is concluded that Bw62,C4A*3,C4B*3DR4 is a haplotype which is especially associated with RA. The low frequency in the RA population of this haplotype indicates that C4B*3 has a minor role in overall RA susceptibility. | |
| 3334283 | Silicone and rheumatic diseases. | 1987 Nov | Silicone generally has been regarded as a biologically inert material. However, recent reports suggest that inflammatory responses to silicone occur. There is some experimental and clinical evidence of a direct inflammatory response to the presence of liquid or particulate silicone. These include granulomatous skin reaction to injected silicone, synovitis around silicone prosthetic joints, and lymphadenopathy proximal to silicone prostheses. There are case reports of systemic rheumatic disease following silicone prostheses, but no definitive proof of a direct relationship between silicone prostheses and systemic disease. The clinical features of the reported cases following breast augmentation include breast tenderness, axillary adenopathy, sclerodermatous skin changes, arthritis, Raynaud's phenomenon, rheumatoid factors, and ANAs. Prior epidemiologic evidence and the number and consistency of our own and others' clinical findings suggest that silicone may indeed be associated with inflammatory processes and rheumatic diseases. | |
| 2119924 | Pre-B lymphocytes with intracytoplasmic mu chains in the peripheral blood of rheumatoid ar | 1990 Nov | A dysregulation of B-cell differentiation and activation has long been evidenced in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Such analyses have, however, usually focused on the latest stages of B-cell development. Using a classical technique of immunofluorescence labeling on cytospins, we investigated the presence of peripheral pre-B lymphocytes in 92 RA patients and 23 controls. Cells with intracytoplasmic mu chains were evidenced in 58.7% of the RA patients studied, ranging between 0 and 30%, while small numbers of c-mu cells, never exceeding 6% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, were observed in 9 controls. Relationships between this feature and clinical or laboratory data were investigated, showing a negative correlation between the percentage of c-mu + lymphocytes and Ritchie's index (P = 0.05), the number of tender or swollen joints (P = 0.05), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P = 0.005), seropositivity (P = 0.05), and disease duration (P = 0.01). | |
| 2664167 | Meta-analysis of injectable gold in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1989 Apr | A pooled estimate of the magnitude of the benefit and side effects of injectable gold salts in rheumatoid arthritis was computed using meta-analysis based upon available evidence in the literature. Active joint count, grip strength, functional capacity, hemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were pooled. The change in percentage in favor of gold (adjusted for placebo) was as follows: active joint count 30.1%, (p less than 0.00001), grip strength 13.7% (p less than 0.013), functional capacity 13% (p less than 0.0005), hemoglobin concentration 5.3% (p less than 0.02), and ESR 19.6% (p less than 0.02). Pooling of side effects gave the following results: side effect withdrawals were 11% (p less than 0.01), dermatitis occurred in 15% and proteinuria in 0.7% more patients than in the placebo group. |