Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1829348 | Lipoprotein (a), lipids, and lipoproteins in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 Jun | Lipoprotein (a), (Lp(a)), an independent atherogenic factor, was significantly increased in 93 patients with classical, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis of median disease activity. In the patients with Lp(a) concentrations above the upper reference value of 480 mg/l there was a significant correlation between Lp(a) and the concentration of orosomucoid, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the platelet count. The plasma concentrations of cholesterol and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol in both male and female patients were significantly lower than in controls. Apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein AI in the patients correlated significantly with total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol respectively. | |
| 1960493 | The rheumatoid wrist: patterns of disease progression. A review of 50 wrists. | 1991 Aug | 50 wrists in 28 patients have been followed in a retrospective radiographic review for a mean period of 9.56 years. Patterns of disease and the rates of change in the severity of the disease have been determined, with particular reference to the changing relationship in time between involvement of the wrist and hand. In the wrist, there was relative sparing of the mid-carpal joint, with a significant correlation between a high incidence of triquetro-lunate disease and changes in the ulnar styloid. Wrist disease was found to "protect" the hand for the first five years but not after this time. On the basis of these results, earlier surgical intervention is proposed, with the intention of shifting the emphasis of surgery from salvage to prophylactive or reconstructive procedures. | |
| 3681859 | Frequency of low molecular weight IgM in human cord blood. | 1987 Aug | Thirty cord blood sera from healthy neonates and five sera from still-born infants (two with suspected infections and high IgM) were assessed for the presence of low molecular weight (LMW) IgM using two independent sensitive techniques, viz. filtration chromatography and immunoblotting. The first technique revealed this LMW moiety in 4 of 22 sera, all from healthy full-term infants, and it constituted 4-25% of the total IgM. LMW IgM was not found in any of the 30 sera using the immunoblotting technique or in 15 healthy adult sera, but was found consistently in rheumatoid sera used as positive controls. | |
| 3524146 | The effect of interleukin-1 on connective tissue metabolism and its relevance to arthritis | 1986 | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is the name given to a family of related proteins showing a variety of activities. It was originally shown to be produced by monocytes and macrophages but is now known to be produced by numerous cell types, including synovial cells. From the point of view of arthritis, its most interesting activities are those on connective tissue cells in vitro. These include stimulation of production of prostaglandins, plasminogen activator and metalloproteinases such as collagenase and proteoglycanase. IL-1 is also mitogenic for synoviocytes and bone cells, and can alter rates of production of extracellular matrix constituents. The presence of IL-1 in synovial fluids from rheumatoid and osteoarthritic joints and its actions on connective tissues in vitro suggest that IL-1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of arthritis. There are several potential cellular sources of IL-1 in the inflamed rheumatoid joint and interactions between these cells, T lymphocytes and plasma cells may continually induce IL-1 so contributing to the chronicity of the disease. The mechanism of action of IL-1 on connective tissue cells is at present uncertain though preliminary studies suggest that IL-1 may induce cellular responses by stimulating phosphoinositide turnover and possibly protein kinase C activity. | |
| 2665127 | Disease states in which blood pressure is lowered. | 1989 Jul | Hypertension can be ameliorated by certain concomitant disease states, especially those in which serum globulin is elevated. Blood pressure has been reduced in cases of cirrhosis of the liver, chronic alcoholism, congestive heart failure, arthritis, hypothyroidism, and myeloma. These clinical findings were confirmed experimentally when animals with various models of hypertension became normotensive after the development of a modest degree of liver damage with hyperglobulinemia. Other diseases, not associated with hyperglobulinemia, that can lower blood pressure are stroke, uremia, hyperparathyroidism, and malnutrition. When any of these diseases occur in hypertensive patients, their influence on blood pressure must be considered when determining treatment and prognosis. | |
| 2150569 | Large-scale open trials with etodolac (Lodine) in France: an assessment of safety. | 1990 | Two large-scale open-label studies were performed in France to confirm the efficacy and safety of etodolac (Lodine), a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Study I, a 6-week study performed by 974 rheumatologists, involved 4947 patients who had rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), or osteoarthritis (OA). Both efficacy and safety were assessed. Study II, a postmarketing safety study performed by approximately 9000 general practitioners, involved 51,355 patients who had rheumatic conditions requiring therapy with NSAIDs. The daily dose of etodolac ranged from 200 to 600 mg/day in these studies, depending on the protocol and patient response. By the end of study I (visit 3), spontaneous pain improved by 33% for patients with RA, by 42% for patients with AS, and by 50% for OA patients. A total of 1276 adverse reactions (AR) were reported during the study, and fewer than half of these were related to study treatment. Only 6 severe reactions were reported; three of these were considered unrelated to study treatment, including 2 deaths. In study II, 10.1% of patients reported 6236 ARs and 9.0% of patients dropped out because of AR. Twenty-one of the ARs reported in study II were judged severe, and all of these patients recovered completely. The overall opinion of safety was assessed as very good or good by 89% of patients. In both studies (greater than 55,000 patients), 11% of patients reported an AR, and severe reactions were rare. These results confirmed the very acceptable risk/benefit ratio of etodolac and rank this drug high for efficacy and safety among the NSAIDs recently introduced in France. | |
| 2621409 | Replacement of the trapezium with a silicone elastomer universal small joint spacer. | 1989 Nov | 31 patients have been received between one and five years (average 2 3/4 years) after replacement of the trapezium with a silicone elastomer universal small joint spacer for carpo-metacarpal arthritis. Good pain relief was achieved in 84% and most patients retained 80% of power and movement compared to the other hand. Two prostheses fractured and two more subluxed painfully; another two were too big, causing pain, and had to be removed. Minor damage to the radial nerve occurred in four patients. | |
| 3401651 | Cross-reactivity studies on bacteria believed to be associated with inflammatory bowel dis | 1988 | Six bacteria believed to be associated with IBD and/or AS and ReA were investigated for antigenic cross-reactivity using an ELISA. Considerable degrees of cross-reactivity were detected and it is suggested that if bacterial antigens are involved aetiologically in the diseases, no specific bacterium is concerned. | |
| 2341444 | Radiology of low-friction arthroplasty of the hip. A comparison of socket fixation techniq | 1990 May | We studied the radiographs of 211 low-friction arthroplasties, followed for five to 15 years after operation. The first 92 simple hemispherical sockets were fixed with an old technique: eburnated bone in the acetabular roof was removed and only a few large anchor holes were bored for cement fixation. With the next 119 sockets, 111 of which were flanged, the eburnated and subchondral bone was preserved and multiple small anchor holes were used. The modified technique and the use of flanged sockets significantly improved the late radiological findings as regards socket demarcation and wear. On the femoral side, the intramedullary canal filling ratio, the distal packing of cement, calcar resorption and atrophy of the femoral cortex were correlated with prosthetic subsidence. | |
| 3012770 | Cell-mediated immune response in the diseased joints in patients with reactive arthritis. | 1986 Jun | To evaluate the level of lymphocyte activation in reactive and rheumatoid arthritis, density gradient-isolated, synovial fluid mononuclear cells were stained with a panel of antisera directed at lymphocyte activation markers using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. More specifically, we studied the expression of immune response-associated class II HLA antigen (Ia), of receptors for interleukin 2 (Tac) and transferrin (T9), as well as of gp 40/80 glycoprotein (4F2). Although Ia+ cells formed about 60% of all the synovial fluid mononuclear cells in both disease conditions, the proportion of Tac+ (33 +/- 4% vs 3 +/- 1%, P less than 0.001), T9+ (34 +/- 4% vs 5 +/- 2%, P less than 0.001), and 4F2+ (48 +/- 6% vs 3 +/- 2%, P less than 0.001) cells was high only in reactive arthritis. All the patients who had reactive arthritis followed a favourable clinical course during the 4-month-long prospective follow-up, whereas disease activity was stable in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. These findings suggest that the diseased joints in reactive arthritis are a site for an active, but normally down-regulated, cell-mediated immune response. | |
| 2612118 | Serum osteocalcin as an index of bone turnover in active rheumatoid arthritis and in activ | 1989 Dec | Juxtaarticular osteoporosis is a recognized clinical feature in both rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PA), while generalised osteopenia seems to be characteristic of RA only. To assess differences in bone turnover in the two forms of disease, we measured serum osteocalcin levels and other parameters of bone metabolism in two groups of female, ambulant, age-matched patients suffering from active RA or active PA and never treated with steroid therapy. Serum osteocalcin levels were significantly higher in RA patients than in PA patients (13.05 +/- 1.27 ng/ml vs 4.83 +/- 0.88 ng/ml; p less than 0.001), with a significant positive correlation between osteocalcin and serum alkaline phosphatase in both groups. These data suggest that bone turnover is higher in active RA than in active PA. Juxtaarticular osteoporosis could be mediated by local disease mechanisms both in RA and in PA, while factors specifically related to active RA seem to determine a more generalized impairment of bone turnover. | |
| 3388991 | [Comparative studies in patients with seropositive and seronegative chronic polyarthritis | 1988 Mar | Sera from patients with definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were tested for their reactivity to the Fc fragment of human IgG using a solid phase Elisa with specificity for rheumatoid factors (RF) of classes IgM, IgG and IgA. For all RF classes tested the Elisa was reproducible both within and between different assays. IgM-RF-serum concentrations correlated well to the Waaler Rose titers (r = 0.88, p less than 0.001). No difference in RF-serum concentrations of any Ig class could be detected between patients with seronegative erosive RA and controls. In the sera of seropositive RA patients, however, significantly higher concentrations of all RF-classes were observed (IgM RF: seropos. x- = 454 +/- 805 IU/ml, seroneg. x- = 1.3 +/- 0.6 IU/ml, p less than 0.0005; IgG RF: seropos. x- = 17 +/- 28 U/ml, seroneg. x- = 2 +/- 1.8 U/ml, p less than 0.005; IgA RF: seropos. x- = 300 +/- 577 U/ml, seroneg. x- = 4 +/- 3.6 U/ml, p less than 0.005). In our seronegative RA patients at least one antigen of the HLA-B5 CREG could be observed. Together with the well documented frequency of HLA-DR4 in patients with seropositive RA, this finding points to possible, genetically determined regulative mechanisms, which control the presence of autoantibodies within rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 2146130 | An overview of the efficacy of etodolac in arthritic disorders. | 1990 | Etodolac is a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with potent analgesic and antiarthritic properties. The purpose of these randomized, double-blind, parallel-group studies was to compare etodolac with other standard NSAIDs or placebo for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Results of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis studies showed etodolac (200 to 300 mg b.i.d. or 200 mg t.i.d.) to be comparable to naproxen (500 mg b.i.d.), piroxicam (20 mg once daily), and diclofenac (50 mg t.i.d.). Key efficacy variables improved significantly (p less than or equal to 0.05) in all treatment groups, and there were no significant between-group differences. Studies comparing etodolac (200 mg b.i.d.) with indomethacin (50 mg t.i.d.) for treatment of ankylosing spondylitis showed significant improvement from baseline in both the patient's and physician's global assessments for both treatments. Titrated-dose studies compared etodolac (50 to 200 mg b.i.d.) with naproxen (250 to 375 mg b.i.d.) and placebo for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Both active drugs resulted in greater improvement than did placebo in the patient's and investigator's global assessments. These results indicate that etodolac is as effective as naproxen, piroxicam, and diclofenac for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Moreover, it is comparable to naproxen and indomethacin and superior to placebo for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. | |
| 3496451 | 2 dimensional flow cytometric analysis of activation antigens expressed on the synovial fl | 1987 Apr | Synovial fluid T cells expressed a higher percentage of all 3 activation antigens examined (anti-Ia antigen [HLA-DR]; antiinterleukin 2 receptor antigen [Tac], and antitransferrin receptor [TF-R] antigen) than the paired peripheral blood T cells obtained simultaneously from 19 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (p less than 0.001-0.05). A highly significant correlation was observed between disease activity and the percentage of Tac+ T cells in the synovial fluid from patients with RA (p less than 0.001). | |
| 3492550 | Rheumatoid factors from patients with rheumatoid arthritis possess private repertoires of | 1987 Mar 1 | Considerable interest has focused on idiotypic cross-reactivity among antibody molecules. Cross-reactive idiotypes (Id) on monoclonal and polyclonal rheumatoid factors (RF) have been found frequently. Sufficient attention has not been directed, however, to the proportion of RF exhibiting the cross-reactivity, leaving the impression of extensive RF cross-reactivity when, in fact, this might represent a small minority of total RF molecules in a given individual. We have examined the polyclonal RF from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for cross-reactive Id in three different assays and with different Id-anti-Id systems. First, a sensitive liquid-phase radioimmunoassay was used in which panels of sera were tested for inhibition of different, idiotypically unrelated, Id-anti-Id interactions. When compared with normal sera, some of the sera from patients with RA caused minimal inhibition of Id-anti-Id interactions. None, however, caused marked inhibition of any Id-anti-Id system. Secondly, the panels of sera were also tested in a direct binding ELISA to detect partially cross-reactive Id that may not have been identified in the inhibition radioimmunoassay without differing results. Finally, results similar to the autologous Id-anti-Id inhibition assay were also found when the panels of RA sera were tested in two nonautologous Id-anti-Id systems, in which the anti-Id reacted with other than their own Id. These studies indicate that although cross-reactivity with some RF of an individual's total RF population may be seen frequently, an individual's repertoire of RF is itself private, quite diverse, and unique to that individual. | |
| 2396307 | Determination of plasma azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine in patients with rheumatoid arth | 1990 Jul | Two specific high-performance liquid chromatography methods for determining plasma concentrations of azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine after oral administration of azathioprine are presented. It was shown that azathioprine is unstable in the blood samples unless immediately cooled in ice water. The 2-amino analog, guaneran, was used as internal standard for azathioprine, which was extracted from plasma with ethylacetate. A Nucleosil C18 column was used for the separation. The detection limit was 6 nM. For quantification of 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine was used as internal standard. Plasma was deproteinized with HClO4 and the sample was purified on mercurial cellulose. A Beckman ODS column was used and the detection limit was 5 nM. Pharmacokinetic data from two patients are presented. Unchanged azathioprine was seen until 6 h after an oral dose of 32 mg/m2. | |
| 3496925 | [Old age and joint disease]. | 1987 | The seriousness of articular diseases in old persons is related to the loss of function and the rapid way this can lead to them being bed ridden. Rheumatoid polyarthritis is often difficult to distinguish from rhizomelic pseudopolyarthritis, these two diseases resemble each other at this age with the asthenia and loss of general health, the inflammatory pains which are peripheral and of nerve root origin. Among the metabolic arthropathies, articular chondrocalcinosis is frequent, and often latent, but sometimes it is destructive in particular in the hips and knees; septic arthritis today mainly occurs in the elderly, and the algoneurodystrophies are more frequent in old persons than in young subjects, following trauma or a hemiplegia. Arthrosis is obviously the main articular disease of senescence especially involving the joints of the lower limb, hip disease being less incapacitating than knee disease where surgical treatment is less often considered. The arthroses of the upper limbs especially of the shoulder are well tolerated. Osteochondromatosis, osteonecrosis of the internal condyle of the knee, the rapidly destructive arthropathies and hemarthrosis can develop as a complication of a simple arthrosis. In the spine vertebral hyperostosis is especially a disease of the elderly, it can occur alone or with an arthrosis of the posterior vertebral joints, a narrow spinal canal straight or narrowed. Medical treatment, physiotherapy, and finally surgery can give very satisfactory results in an old patient, avoiding loss of function, a miserable existence and becoming bed ridden. | |
| 3259985 | Serum and urinary aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide in progressive systemic scler | 1988 Mar | Increased serum values of aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide and hyaluronan (hyaluronate) and enhanced urinary content of hydroxyproline and hydroxylsine containing polypeptides were demonstrated in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). The serum propeptide level and the relative urinary excretion of hydroxyproline as polypeptides were related to the extent of cutaneous involvement. Elevated serum propeptide and hyaluronan values were seen in patients who progressed within the following 6 months. Patients with CREST syndrome had normal propeptide values. Reduced renal propeptide clearance is a likely cause of high serum levels of propeptide degradation products demonstrated in PSS. Serum propeptide seems to be a useful novel marker for disease activity and progression in PSS because of its linkage to the actual connective tissue metabolism. | |
| 2937811 | Minimum effective dose of etodolac for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1986 Mar | Etodolac was compared with aspirin and placebo for efficacy and safety, and a minimum effective dose was established in 264 patients with adult-onset, active rheumatoid arthritis. In this six-week, 14-center, double-blind, parallel-group investigation, preceded by a washout period of up to two weeks, patients received daily doses of etodolac at 50, 100, or 200 mg/d; aspirin at 3,900 mg/d; or placebo. Both etodolac at the highest dose and aspirin produced statistically significant improvement from baseline in all disease activity assessments measured at four- and six-week end points and were superior to placebo in the majority of assessments. A greater number of patient complaints occurred with aspirin, especially in regard to gastrointestinal-related and otologic side effects. A significant therapeutic dose response was evident among the etodolac groups without an increase in side effects. Although the 100-mg/d dose was effective in many of the efficacy parameters measured, the 200-mg/d dose, which is comparably efficacious to aspirin 3.9 g/d, was suggested as the minimum effective dose for the relief of the signs and symptoms of active rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3791715 | Prevalence of IgE rheumatoid factor (IgE RF) in mixed cryoglobulinemia and rheumatoid arth | 1986 Oct | IgE RF was measured by ELISA assay using aggregated IgG as a solid phase immunosorbent and alkaline phosphatase-conjugated Fc epsilon-specific monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies as indicators. The presence of IgE RF was defined in this assay as binding of the conjugate greater than 2.33 SD above the mean for control sera (N = 27). Total IgE was elevated in 25% (13/52) of sera of patients with seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), yet was normal in the sera of 17/19 Mixed Cryoglobulinemia (MC) patients. IgE RF was present in 33% (21/63; p less than 0.05) RA sera, and none of sera from 19 MC patients tested. It did not correlate with IgM RF titer or total IgE, and was not detected in separated IgM and IgG fractions of 7 purified mixed cryoglobulins from patients with MC. These findings suggest that IgE RF may not be an important pathogenic factor in the clinical manifestations of MC. Its potential significance in RA is discussed. |