Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2175950 | The neurologic workup in patients with cervical spine disorders. | 1990 Oct | Care must be exercised in interpreting the clinical and radiologic findings when assessing patients with cervical spondylosis and involvement of neural structures for surgery. If the clinical picture cannot logically be explained by the radiologic findings, further investigation is indicated to exclude a coexistent disorder. Investigations may include electrophysiologic tests, transcranial magnetic stimulation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Only then can the indication for surgical intervention be properly determined. | |
| 2071261 | Binding of alfentanil to human alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, albumin and serum. | 1991 Mar | The variability of the serum binding of the short-acting narcotic analgesic alfentanil was studied. Binding of alfentanil was measured in human alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) and human albumin solutions, and in serum from 6 groups of individuals: control subjects, patients with renal failure, cirrhosis, rheumatoid arthritis and myocardial infarction, and intensive care patients. Alfentanil is mainly bound to AAG and the influence of a change of the AAG concentration on its binding is much more marked than that of a change of the albumin concentration. In patients with renal failure, myocardial infarction and rheumatoid arthritis and in intensive care patients, AAG concentrations are increased, but alfentanil binding is significantly increased only in patients with myocardial infarction. In patients with cirrhosis, AAG, albumin concentrations, and alfentanil binding are decreased. In vitro addition of lidocaine, disopyramide, bupivacaine and quinidine, in concentrations that are observed clinically, lead only with disopyramide to an important increase in free fraction of alfentanil (from 7 to 19%). This latter finding was confirmed in 2 volunteers, treated chronically with disopyramide. | |
| 2940079 | Etodolac. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic activity and therapeutic use. | 1986 Apr | Etodolac is a new non-steroidal agent (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. It has been studied in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and pain resulting from minor surgery. In the latter setting, etodolac is at least as effective as aspirin in terms of overall pain relief, and the duration of analgesic effect of a dose of 200 to 400mg is longer than that of aspirin. In rheumatoid arthritis, etodolac, administered twice daily, appears comparable in efficacy to moderate doses of aspirin (3 to 4g daily), but is better tolerated. To date, etodolac has not been compared clinically with analgesics other than aspirin and sulindac. As with other non-steroidal agents, gastrointestinal complaints are the most frequently reported side effects, but the incidence of most gastrointestinal effects was only slightly higher than with placebo. Thus, from studies in small numbers of patients etodolac appears at least as effective as aspirin and better tolerated. The relatively low incidence of gastrointestinal side effects in these studies awaits confirmation in well designed comparisons with widely used NSAIDs. | |
| 2528424 | [Cause of amenorrhea after treatment with tripterygium wilfordii F]. | 1989 Apr | Fourteen female patients with rheumatoid arthritis who developed amenorrhea after treatment with T2 were investigated endocrinologically. FSH and LH levels began to rise after 2-3 mon and reached menopausal levels at 4-5 mon of treatment. E2 levels began to drop after 3-4 mon and reached very low levels at 5 mon of treatment. This indicates that the site of action of T2 is the ovary. The factors effecting amenorrhea may be related to dosage and the status of reproductive function. Cytotoxicity might be the mechanism of action of T2. In 9 cases (64.3%), menses returned after discontinuing treatment for 7 mon. Amenorrhea due to T2 is reversible when the reproductive functions are in the active stage. | |
| 3394104 | [Study of the changes in the expression of histocompatibility antigens on the monocyte sur | 1988 | Peripheral blood monocytes from 23 healthy persons and 25 RA patients were studied by cytohistochemistry, indirect immunofluorescence and cytophotometry to reveal interrelationship between cellular function of the system of mononuclear phagocytes and the expression of HLA-complex antigens in health and in RA. An increase in the phagocytic and metabolic activity of circulating monocytes was shown to be associated with a degree of the activity of an inflammatory process. A decrease in the level of the expression of HLA antigens class I was established in parallel with the rearrangement of the numerical ratio of cells expressing low and high levels of class II HLA-molecules. A degree of disorders of the expression of HLA-molecules and monocytic function was associated with a degree of RA activity. | |
| 3311975 | Immunology of elastin: study of anti-elastin peptide antibodies by DOT immunobinding assay | 1987 Jul | In order to further investigate the role of the immune system in the arteriosclerotic process, we investigated the anti-elastin peptide antibodies (AEAb) of the IgG and IgM types by DOT immunobinding assay in the sera of patients suffering from various arteriosclerotic diseases. In total 232 control and pathological sera were studied. In obliterative arteriosclerosis of the legs 90%, ischemic heart disease 67% and hypertension 60% of sera were positive for AEAb of the IgG type independent of age. In the case of diabetes mellitus, however, the duration of the disease was determinant. In rheumatoid arthritis, the results were negative. No clear-cut positivity could be demonstrated in stroke patients either. These results indicate that AEAb can be detected in some diseases and DOT appears to be an appropriate method for the AEAb screening in various diseases. | |
| 3484623 | Is cortisone iontophoresis possible? | 1986 Jan | Iontophoresis (iontotherapy) is sometimes employed to permit epidermal medication. Corticosteroids have been recently one of the most frequently employed, although the literature reports no scientific study demonstrating its effectiveness. This work reports our experimentation on steroid iontophoresis both in vitro and in vivo, to determine whether steroids pass through the skin. Using paper electrophoresis, we first studied the electrophoretic mobility of six water-soluble corticosteroids commercially available in Switzerland. Then an experimental model with two cylinders, one containing a steroid solution and the other filled with buffer solution separated by human skins was submitted to ionization. The in-vivo experimentation consisted in a study of steroid iontotherapy in four rabbits and in 188 patients. Our in-vitro and in-vivo studies failed to demonstrate the transcutaneous migration of corticosteroids. | |
| 3328906 | [Comparative effectiveness of chrysanol and auranofin in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1987 | A randomized study of 46 patients with classic and definite rheumatoid arthritis on chrysotherapy (25 patients--auranofin orally and 21--allochrysine intramuscularly) showed a therapeutic effect of both drugs. Allochrysine turned out more effective, it was not abandoned in any patients as a result of its inefficacy. However as compared to allochrysine auranofin was slightly better tolerated. | |
| 2961051 | Characteristics of human rheumatoid synovial and normal blood dendritic cells. Retention o | 1987 Nov | Dendritic cells (DC) were isolated from synovial tissue and synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and from peripheral blood of healthy donors. The cells were analysed for various surface antigens in indirect immunofluorescence by means of monoclonal antibodies. Surface antigen expression and accessory activity of the DC during short-term cultures were also investigated. Both the rheumatoid synovial and the normal blood DC were strongly positive for panleucocyte antigen and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens (HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, and HLA-DR). The DC suspensions (purity approximately 80-85%) showed very low percentage of cells staining for various other cell membrane markers, including B cell, T cell, natural killer (NK) cell, and various monocyte/macrophage markers as well as markers specific for dendritic reticulum cells and Reed Sternberg cells. Moreover, neither rheumatoid nor normal DC reacted with the RFD1 monoclonal antibody, which is specific for interdigitating cells of human thymus. In contrast to Langerhans' cells, the DC lacked the thymocyte (T6) marker. The various DC expressed neither complement receptors (CR1, CR3), transferrin receptors, nor Fc receptors. They also lacked enzyme markers like peroxidase and nonspecific esterase. The DC formed clusters with autologous T cells. Cluster formation was readily inhibited by anti-HLA-DR and anti-CD2 (T11) monoclonal antibodies. After 3 to 5 days in culture the DC still expressed class II MHC antigens and were potent stimulators in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR). Only a small number of cells in the DC suspensions from synovial tissue expressed fibroblast antigens before and after culture. | |
| 3498275 | [Monocytes/macrophages in synovial tissue in chronic polyarthritis and arthrosis--differen | 1987 May | Using monoclonal antibodies directed towards distinct cell surface antigens of the monocyte/macrophage lineage, we tried to disclose diagnostically relevant differences in the distribution pattern of monocytes and macrophages in cryostate sectioned synovial tissue samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis, psoriatic arthritis (n = 1) and a healthy control subject. As compared to osteoarthrosis, we found that in rheumatoid arthritis, accessory cells of the T- and B-cell immune response are pronounced in the basis areas of the superficial cell layers, indicating an active inflammatory process of immunological origin. Applying monoclonal antibodies specific for monocytes and immature macrophages of connective tissue, we confirmed the finding of an enhanced migration of those cells from the peripheral blood stream into the inflamed synovial tissue. Despite those findings, we were not able to demonstrate significant immuno-morphological differences between tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis. | |
| 2495779 | Misoprostol heals gastroduodenal injury in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving as | 1989 Apr | High-dose aspirin therapy for rheumatoid arthritis is frequently associated with severe gastrointestinal injury. To explore the possibility of reversing such damage, we conducted a double-blind, multicenter study with misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analog, which has demonstrated mucosal protective, gastric antisecretory, and ulcer healing properties. We also studied possible interference of misoprostol with continuing aspirin treatment in the management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with confirmed rheumatoid arthritis and endoscopically documented gastroduodenal lesions were randomly assigned to receive 200 micrograms of misoprostol four times a day (123 patients) or placebo (116 patients). Each concurrently received 650 to 1300 mg of aspirin four times a day. After eight weeks of treatment, misoprostol was statistically superior to placebo in healing gastric mucosal injury (70% vs 25%) and duodenal mucosal injury (86% vs 53%). Patients with gastric or duodenal ulcers on admission had superior ulcer healing rates with misoprostol (67% vs 26%). There was no evidence of interference with the antirheumatic properties of aspirin. Mild to moderate adverse experiences were equally noted in misoprostol and placebo groups. Misoprostol, coadministered with aspirin, is well tolerated and highly effective in healing aspirin-associated gastroduodenal lesions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis without altering the therapeutic benefits of aspirin. | |
| 1998395 | Chain breaking antioxidant status in rheumatoid arthritis: clinical and laboratory correla | 1991 Feb | The ability of fresh sera to resist attack by peroxyl radicals (TRAP) was found to be significantly lower in 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) than in 20 healthy controls, consistent with the existence of a redox stress in RA imposed by inflammation. TRAP values in RA varied inversely with a combination of visual analogue pain scale, duration of early morning stiffness, grip strength, and articular index (reflecting inflammatory activity) using multiple linear regression analysis. The concentration of the antioxidant vitamin ascorbic acid was lower in RA plasma and the oxidation-reduction equilibrium of ascorbic acid was disturbed, giving further support to the existence of a redox stress. The major determinant of TRAP in vitro was found to be serum uric acid in RA and serum vitamin E in controls. Serum urate concentration in RA correlated inversely with oxidative changes in serum albumin and IgG. It is suggested that serum urate might have an antioxidant role under certain conditions by limiting free radical induced oxidative changes to protein during inflammation. | |
| 2699436 | [The regulation of DNA synthesis by fibronectin and its proteolytic products in the skin f | 1989 Dec | To study the effect of fibronectin isolated from plasma and culture media and the effect of its tryptic hydrolyzates on DNA synthesis, cultured skin fibroblasts of healthy donors and these of patients with systemic scleroderma (SSD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were employed. It was shown that both fibronectin and total products of its proteolysis markedly stimulated DNA synthesis only in skin fibroblasts of patients with SSD. Fibronectin fragments inhibited DNA synthesis in all fibroblast strains studied. The effect of fibronectin and all its Gel fragments on the DNA synthesis in skin fibroblasts of patients with SSD was dose-dependent. The activity of total fibronectin tryptate, Gel-fragment-free tryptate, and Gel fragments themselves depended on the duration of fibronectin proteolysis, i. e. on the size of the fragments obtained. Culture media collected after treatment of fibroblast monolayer with trypsin and subsequent removal of fibronectin Gel fragments had mitogenic effect on skin fibroblasts, especially on those of patients with SSD and RA. It is supposed that fibronectin Gel fragments are inhibitors of growth factors produced by fibroblasts. The results suggest that fibronectin and its fragments have an important regulatory role in fibroblast proliferation. | |
| 3553845 | The neurologic presentation of vasculitic and rheumatologic syndromes. A review. | 1987 May | Most rheumatologic and vasculitic syndromes can affect the central nervous system (CNS). In the vast majority of cases, however, the systemic disease is present at the time of first CNS manifestations. Certain of these diseases, including SLE, PSS, Behçet syndrome, cryoglobulinemia and lymphomatoid granulomatoses can present with CNS findings in the absence of any peripheral evidence of the underlying process. The CNS presentations of these and the other rheumatologic and vasculitic syndromes which may affect the CNS are discussed. Isolated CNS vasculitis may be due to granulomatous angiitis of the nervous system (GANS) or delayed contralateral hemiplegia following HZO. These are distinct clinical entities which can be differentiated by clinical and angiographic findings. The former is often severe and diffuse in nature, whereas the latter is usually milder and more focal. There are few if any peripheral findings in either syndrome. The cause of GANS is unknown, but the hemiplegia following HZO is clearly due to a virus-induced vasculitis spread from the overlying Gasserian nucleus; the history of preceding herpes zoster ophthalmicus strongly suggests the diagnosis. The collected evidence suggests that an aggressive evaluation, including meningeal biopsy, and early therapy with steroids (and perhaps cytotoxic agents) can alter the prognosis in GANS. It is not clear that hemiplegia following HZO requires treatment. GANS and HZO-associated CNS damage should be considered in the differential diagnosis of isolated CNS dysfunction in the absence of history, signs, or laboratory abnormalities suggestive of systemic disease. | |
| 2238860 | Joint manifestations of Lyme borreliosis in Czechoslovakian patients. | 1990 Jul | Involvement of the musculoskeletal system in 50 Lyme borreliosis patients seen in Czechoslovakia is described. Thirty-three patients reported tick bites or that they had removed a tick, four patients had been bitten by some other insect. Skin reaction following tick bite were found in 29 patients. Neurologic involvements have been described in 40 subjects. In one patient complete heart block developed after ECM, so that a permanent pacemaker was necessary for two weeks. Mainly three types of involvement of the musculoskeletal system were observed, mostly as intermittent episodes of arthralgia or migratory musculoskeletal pain. In 37 patients brief attacks of monoarthritis or asymmetrical oligoarthritis were seen, chiefly of intermittent subacute course. Chronic arthritis was diagnosed in seven cases, sacroiliitis in four patients. The authors discuss differential diagnosis, especially in patients with chronic joint involvement. | |
| 3291790 | Reduction of the surface charge of blood polymorphonuclear cells by rheumatoid sera and he | 1988 May | Cell electrophoresis identifies two main subpopulations of blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), which in terms of the speed of their anodic migration are referred to as the fast and slow population. When blood PMNs from normal healthy subjects were incubated in medium containing 20% RA serum there was a decrease in the percentage of fast cells with a corresponding increase in the slow population that was directly related to the levels of circulating immune complexes present in the sera. Similar results were obtained when using heat induced aggregated human IgG (HAGG) or Candida albicans instead of RA serum. The 'slowing' effect of HAGG, which was transient and time dependent, appeared to be due to its internalisation by the PMNs. These results suggest that in RA the large number of blood PMNs with a low surface charge (i.e., the slow population) may arise as a result of the constant interaction of these cells with circulating immune complexes. | |
| 2523087 | Defective helper T cell function in IgM rheumatoid factor synthesis in patients with ankyl | 1989 | Despite chronic inflammation and the presence of hypergammaglobulinemia, rheumatoid factor (RF) is rarely found in the blood of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). We used ELISA to compare spontaneous and pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-induced IgG, IgM and IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF) production in normals and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and AS. The IgG and IgM synthesis in these three groups did not differ. However, the IgM-RF level in PWM-induced mononuclear cell cultured supernatants of AS was significantly decreased, compared with normal and RA patients. Furthermore, mixing experiments by co-culture of normal T or B cells with patient's B or T cells in the presence of PWM revealed a deficiency of the helper T cell function in patients with AS. These results illustrate the cellular mechanism of the seronegativity of the rheumatoid factor in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. | |
| 2778757 | Antiphospholipid antibodies in the connective tissue diseases: their relation to the antip | 1989 Jun | Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) were measured in the sera of patients with different connective tissue diseases and spondyloarthropathies. Elevated antibody binding was found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, primary sicca syndrome, dermatopolymyositis and psoriatic arthritis but not in ankylosing spondylitis. The 15 highest binding SLE patients included 10 with Raynaud's phenomenon, 5 with livedo reticularis, 7 with vasculitis, 3 with major thrombotic episodes and 3 with spontaneous abortions. aCL were also measured in patients with these clinical features in isolation. Seven of 18 patients with multiple thromboses and 3/22 with multiple spontaneous abortions had raised aCL binding. Normal or near normal levels were found in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenia, livedo reticularis, a single cerebral thrombosis and uncomplicated myocardial infarction. | |
| 2963128 | Cytokines and the chronic inflammation of rheumatic disease. III. Deficient interleukin-2 | 1987 Oct | Despite the evidence for activated T cells in the joint in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there is evidence of deficient lymphocyte proliferation to a variety of stimulants. We investigated the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) after phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation. We show that in the peripheral blood IL-2 production was similar in RA and controls (3.7 vs 3.0 U/ml, respectively). However, blood lymphocytes from patients with joint effusions produced significantly less IL-2 than from patients without effusions (1.8 vs 5.7 U/ml, respectively). The amount of IL-2 produced by synovial fluids (SF) cells was significantly less than that produced by the corresponding blood cells (1.0 vs 1.6 U/ml). Further experiments revealed that the decreased IL-2 production was not due to its removal by IL-2 receptor positive cells in the SF and cell mixing experiments did not reveal any suppressor influences. | |
| 3675091 | Serum lipoprotein in active rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic inflammatory arthritide | 1987 Nov | Lipoprotein metabolism was investigated in 69 patients with untreated active rheumatoid arthritis (n = 48) and in seronegative spondylarthropathies (n = 21). The patients had high inflammatory activity as measured by erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein (CRP). Serum cholesterol and cholesterol levels in the very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein fractions were reduced by 20% to 30% compared with healthy controls; and triglyceride levels in VLDL and high-density lipoprotein were reduced by 10% to 30%. There were significant correlations between the inflammatory activity and certain lipoprotein lipids, ie, between CRP and VLDL triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, and serum triglycerides. The fractional elimination rate (K2) measured by an intravenous fat tolerance test was 30% higher in the patients than in the controls despite reduced tissue lipoprotein lipase activities. There was correlation between CRP and the K2 value. These findings suggest that it is the degree of inflammatory activity that governs the altered lipoprotein metabolism in untreated active chronic inflammatory arthritides. The relationships between CRP and VLDL and between CRP and K2 suggest that the VLDL particles may be altered by inflammatory process, and that the increased elimination may take place through the "scavenger pathway." |