Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3701158 | [Complications following total knee replacement]. | 1986 Jan | Complications of total knee replacement were studied by following up 218 cases operated in our clinic. The average follow-up time ranged from 24 months to 101 months (mean 44.3 months). The three most serious types of complication were: significant loosening in 8 knees; deep infection in 5 knees; and fracture in 7 knees. Patellar dislocation and extension mechanism rupture were found in 13 knees, restriction of ROM and instability in 20 knees, and other complications in 7 knees. The incidence of complications in the rheumatic group tended to be greater than that in the osteoarthritic group. The incidence of complications was significantly higher in the severely deteriorated group than in the not severely deteriorated group; and the incidence of complications in the group treated in combination with Anametric, Total Condylar and GUEPAR prosthesis was also significantly higher than in the group treated with the Kinematic Knee Prosthesis. Though 32 reoperations were performed in 23 knees, functional prognosis was not good in most cases. | |
| 3006613 | Superoxide production by polymorphonuclear leucocytes in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoart | 1986 Mar | The superoxide (O2-) production of stimulated polymorphonuclear leucocytes is increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis compared with controls. Treatment of these different groups with pharmacological amounts of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug piroxicam in vivo resulted in a decrease of about 25% in O2- secretion by isolated granulocytes. In vitro experiments showed that piroxicam inhibits O2- production of granulocytes by interference with the stimulation of the NADPH-oxidase. Piroxicam caused diminished O2- production of membrane fragments if it was present during the stimulation of the NADPH-oxidase of the intact cells. During the actual O2- production of the stimulated membrane fragments piroxicam had no effect. It is concluded that piroxicam is able to inhibit granulocyte O2- production by blocking the activation of NADPH-oxidase, which results in diminished tissue destruction by oxygen free radicals in inflammatory diseases. | |
| 1836699 | [Diseases of the sesamoid bone of the large toe]. | 1991 Sep | One-hundred patients with anterior foot pain were examined by tangential sesamoid x-rays and some by bone scan. Degenerative changes were present at the sesamoid joint in thirty patients. In thirty-five the sesamoids had changed position relative to the first metatarsal bone, which in all cases could be attributed to metatarsus-primus-varus. Three fractures were found. They were differentiated from congenital partitions only by bone scan. Osteomalacia of the sesamoids was observed in two patients. Operative removal was necessary in only one of all patients. | |
| 1784890 | Antibodies to Sm and SS-A demonstrated by enzyme immunoassay. Correlation to clinical mani | 1991 | Using commercially available antigens, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were set up to demonstrate antibodies of IgG class against Sm and SS-A. Anti-Sm antibodies were demonstrated in 40% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in 12% of patients with SJögren's syndrome, in 6% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in 12% of patients with miscellaneous rheumatic disorders. Anti-SS-A antibodies were seen in 63% of the SLE patients, in 37% of the patients with Sjögren's syndrome and in 23% of the patients with RA. In the patients with SLE, high levels of anti-Sm antibodies were related to the presence of Raynaud's phenomenon, whereas patients with a malar rash tended to have high levels of anti-SS-A antibodies. In 17 SLE patients followed over a period of time a correlation was seen between the levels of the anti-Sm antibodies and the disease activity. We concluded that it is useful to include ELISAs for the demonstration of anti-Sm and anti-SS-A antibodies in determining the serological profile and in the follow-up of patients with SLE. | |
| 1835119 | Pulmonary hypertension in connective tissue disease. Report of three cases and review of t | 1991 | Patients with connective tissue disease (CTD) who are prone to developed isolated pulmonary hypertension (PH) are primarily young females with a history of Raynaud's phenomenon associated with an exertional dyspnoea. From the start of the disease, pulmonary function tests show a decreased diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, while X-ray examination shows no obvious abnormalities such as interstitial fibrosis. All patients show, on electrocardiographic examination, evidence of right axis deviation and right ventricular hypertrophy. It has been suggested that PH is found mostly in patients with systemic scerlosis characterized by the CREST syndrome. The histopathological findings are intimal proliferation, narrowing of the vessel lumen and medial fibrosis. These are not specific for CTD. One would expect more signs of vasculitis. Neither signs of lung fibrosis, nor signs of pulmonary emboli are described. | |
| 3710708 | Radiation synovectomy with 165Dy-FHMA: lymph node uptake and radiation dosimetry calculati | 1986 | The lymph node uptake of 165Dy was measured in 25 patients treated by radiation synovectomy via intra-articular injection of 165Dy-ferric hydroxide macroaggregates (FHMA). An average of 0.12% of the injected dose was found in the inguinal lymph nodes 19h post injection. This results in a lymph node of 16.6 rad (166 mGy), a dose significantly less than that reported following radiation synovectomy with other radiocolloids. Dosimetry calculations for the intra-articular injection of 165Dy-FHMA are provided in the appendix. | |
| 2159269 | Cytomegalovirus is predictably present in perineal ulcers from immunosuppressed patients. | 1990 May | We examined five consecutive skin biopsy specimens taken from perineal ulcers on immunosuppressed patients. Examination of hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections in conjunction with immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies to early and late viral antigens resulted in identification of cytomegalovirus in all specimens. Cells containing cytomegalovirus were present in the ulcer base and papillary dermis. Herpes simplex virus was identified in three of five specimens. This series demonstrates that cytomegalovirus is predictably present in perineal ulcers from immunocompromised patients, but does not establish this virus as the cause of the ulcers. | |
| 3180544 | HLA antigens and clinical manifestations in Crohn's disease. | 1988 Jul | A clinical, radiological and immunogenetical study was carried out on 51 Crohn's patients. Rheumatological disorders were found in 16 of them, with higher frequency in those with colon involvement only. A statistically significant increase in the frequencies of HLA-A9 and HLA-Cw3 was noted: Cw3 showed a particularly high frequency in males, and A9 in younger patients. The frequency of HLA-B27 was significantly increased in the patients with colon involvement. In the group of 16 patients with rheumatic diseases HLA antigen frequencies were not significantly different from the control population. | |
| 3495897 | [Uric acid levels of the serum of healthy persons and patients with various rheumatic dise | 1987 | Serum uric acid levels were investigated in a series of 1715 subjects. Of them 596 were patients with inflammatory rheumatic disorders, 162 gout patients, 236 with osteoarthrosis, 79 with systemic lupus erythematosus or diffuse scleroderma and 642 healthy subjects. On analyzing the results, very high uricemia values were found in the gout patients. Increased uricemia values were observed is patients with psoriatic arthritis and diffuse connective tissue disorders (systemic lupus erythematosus and diffuse scleroderma). Hyperuricemia was found in psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and in nosological entities classified under diffuse connective tissue disorders in 5.6 to 10.1% of patients. In the healthy examinees hyperuricemia was recorded in 3.8% of the cases. | |
| 2805416 | Human monoclonal rheumatoid factors derived from the polyclonal repertoire of rheumatoid s | 1989 Oct | A panel of 20 human monoclonal antibodies was produced from cells derived from the synovial tissue of two rheumatoid arthritis patients and one polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patient. Fourteen IgM monoclonal antibodies were classical rheumatoid factors (RFs) with specificities restricted to IgG and included twelve kappa and two lambda proteins. Two of them were pan-specific for IgG and reacted with all four human subclasses. Nine showed the Ga specificity, i.e. they reacted with IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4 subclass proteins. Two showed the 'new Ga-related' specificity, i.e. they reacted with IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4 subclass proteins, and also with the Ge3m(st) allotype proteins. One RF demonstrated an anti-G3m(u) anti-allotypic specificity. Five IgM(lambda) monoclonal antibodies and one IgM(kappa) monoclonal antibody demonstrated polyreactivity against various antigens including DNA, human thyroglobulin, human serum albumin and tetanus toxoid. | |
| 2953064 | Evidence of an activated T-cell system with augmented turnover of interleukin 2 in rheumat | 1987 Apr | The stage of activation of synovial inflammatory T cells was studied in rheumatoid arthritis and compared with that of normal T cells stimulated in vitro by dendritic cells. Increased numbers of rheumatoid inflammatory T cells expressed activation antigens such as HLA-DR, interleukin 2 receptors (Tac), and transferrin receptors. These T cells also had high spontaneous proliferation. Peripheral blood T cells stimulated by autologous dendritic cells showed a similar expression of activation antigens and had high proliferation. Resting T cells and T cells cocultured with monocytes expressed much less activation markers. Exogenous interleukin 2 significantly increased the proliferation of the various T cells. All responses were inhibited by an antibody which blocks the interleukin 2 receptor. Supernatants from mitogen-stimulated rheumatoid inflammatory mononuclear cells and mitogen-stimulated T cells preactivated by dendritic cells usually contained less interleukin 2 than supernatants from mitogen-stimulated normal T cells. Furthermore, the various in vivo and in vitro-activated Tac-positive T cells, in contrast to nonactivated Tac-negative T cells from peripheral blood of patients and controls, significantly absorbed interleukin 2. The results indicate a turnover of interleukin 2 in rheumatoid inflammatory T cells comparable to that of T cells activated by dendritic cells. | |
| 2292331 | A multicentre study of tenoxicam for the treatment of osteo-arthritis and rheumatoid arthr | 1990 Nov | A study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of 20 mg/day tenoxicam given orally for 12 weeks in a general practice setting in a broad range of patients suffering from osteo-arthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. The group of 2963 patients was recruited from 252 general practices. Some patients (60%) continued treatment into the long-term phase of the trial, beyond 12 weeks, whereas other patients (31%) elected to continue treatment beyond 52 weeks. There was a reduction in the number of patients recording pain and stiffness over the course of the study. Adverse events were typical of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with no unexpected or unusual side-effects. It is concluded that tenoxicam can be recommended for use in osteo-arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 2481877 | The mycobacterial 65 kD heat-shock protein and autoimmune arthritis. | 1989 | Arthritis - induced experimentally in rats by immunization with mycobacteria has been shown to depend on specific T cell recognition of an epitope present on the mycobacterial 65-kD heat-shock protein. This particular epitope has been observed to have a structural mimicry with a cartilage-associated molecule present in the joints. Since the bacterial heat-shock proteins and the cartilage-associated molecules are of a conserved nature, one might infer from the experimental model that in humans similar mimicry could play a role in the initiation of autoimmune arthritis. Recent findings from the analysis of immunological reactivity to the 65-kD in rheumatoid arthritis patients seem to support such a role for the mycobacterial 65-kD heat-shock protein in human disease. | |
| 2347131 | Lymphadenopathy secondary to silicone hand joint prostheses. | 1990 Jan | The occurrence of lymphadenopathies was investigated in 23 patients with diverse rheumatic conditions who had silastic prosthesis in joints of the hands, to determine whether these adenopathies were due to the presence of silicone particles. Five cases had clinically detectable lymph node enlargement and tissue samples were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA). In 3 out of the 5 cases foreign body granulomas were observed by light microscopy, SEM showing a highly irregular distribution of foreign body material with a peak for silicone by EDXA. Foreign body particle distribution closely correlated with silicone concentration. No granulomas were found in the two remaining patients with adenopathies who presented a non-specific reactive lymphadenitis. Our findings show that silicone lymphadenopathy is a more frequent complication (13%) of silastic arthroplasty than is usually recognized and therefore should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with lymph node enlargement who have previously received a silicone arthroplasty. | |
| 2391420 | Structural changes in the oligosaccharide chains of IgG in autoimmune MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr mice. | 1990 Sep 15 | The structures of the asparagine-linked oligosaccharide chains of IgG from autoimmune arthritic MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL-lpr/lpr) mice and control MRL/Mp(-)+/+ (MRL(-)+/+) mice were investigated. Two subpopulations of IgG, M1-I and M1-II, were obtained from serum of MRL-lpr/lpr mice by column chromatography on protein A-Sepharose CL-4B. Although M1-I did not bind to the column, its elution was retarded, whereas M1-II was bound and was eluted in acidic buffer. IgG (Mn) from MRL(-)+/+ mice showed the same chromatographic behavior as M1-II. The structures of oligosaccharide chains liberated quantitatively by hydrazinolysis from IgG samples Mn, M1-I, M1-II, and a pooled mixture (M1) of M1-I and M1-II were determined by sequential exoglycosidase digestion, lectin (RCA120) affinity HPLC, and by methylation analysis. Their oligosaccharide structures were the same and shown to be biantennary complex-type chains +/- Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----2Man alpha 1----6(+/- Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----2Man alpha 1----3)Man beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----4(+/- Fuc alpha 1----6)GlcNAc. The proportion of each oligosaccharide in Mn and M1-II was the same but differed from that in M1-I where the degree of the galactosylation was significantly decreased which caused the change in the oligosaccharide pattern of total serum IgG (M1) of autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice. This phenomenon, which is also found in total serum IgG of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, suggests that alteration of oligosaccharides in IgG may be a common feature in animals which develop arthritis with the production of rheumatoid factor regardless of species. | |
| 3492971 | Isolation and analysis of complement activating aggregates from synovial fluid of patients | 1987 Jan | The complement activating aggregates in synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been isolated using monoclonal IgM anti-C3d antibodies attached to solid phases, and the content of the material bound has been analysed. High levels of aggregated IgG bearing C3d were found in RA synovial fluids, and IgG was the major immunoglobulin bound from such synovial fluids by anti-C3d Sepharose. A strong correlation was shown between levels of aggregated IgG bearing C3d and complement activation, as judged by C3d levels. Significant (but less strong) relationships were also observed between C3d levels and both complement consuming and C1q binding activity. C3d levels and levels of aggregated IgG bearing C3d were both significantly associated with the numbers of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) found in RA synovial fluids. From these results it is concluded that the aggregated immunoglobulins bearing C3d (particularly IgG) isolated from RA synovial fluids are responsible for activating complement and attracting PMNs into the joint space. Radioimmunoassay showed no correlation, however, between levels of aggregated IgG (or IgM) bearing C3d and rheumatoid factor (RF) activity bound by anti-C3d. In addition, the material bound by anti-C3d Sepharose from most synovial fluid polyethylene glycol precipitates did not contain either IgM or IgG RF. Thus both techniques show that the majority of complexes bearing C3d do not contain RF. As the complement fixing aggregates apparently contain only immunoglobulin and complement components the results raise the problem of how the aggregates are formed. It is suggested that RA IgG may remain aggregated after either antigen or antibody (RF) has dissociated from the complex. | |
| 1784548 | Arthroscopic treatment of degenerative joint disease of the knee. | 1991 Dec | The role of arthroscopy in the management of degenerative conditions of the knee continues to evolve. This study was undertaken to: (1) assess the efficacy of arthroscopic treatment, (2) identify significant prognostic factors, and (3) further define the indications for treatment. A retrospective review of charts and operative videotapes along with follow-up evaluation was obtained for 43 knees in 40 patients. Average age was 54 years. Average follow up was 24 months; 72.1% of patients had good results at follow up, 16.3% had fair results, and 11.6% were treatment failures. Preoperative clinical status, severity of degenerative changes, and number of pathologic entities encountered at the time of surgery correlated with the results of treatment. We believe that arthroscopic debridement is an effective means of treatment for mild to moderate degenerative joint disease after failure of conservative measures. By using this treatment option, more extensive surgical procedures may be delayed or avoided. | |
| 1683020 | [Current status of drug therapy in chronic polyarthritis]. | 1991 Sep | This review covers the differential indications of oral and topical non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, as well as oral and intra-articular corticosteroids. The so-called "disease modifying" drugs, such as chloroquine, sulfasalazine, gold compounds and penicillamine have been surpassed by low-dose pulses of methotrexate, due to its lower short-time toxicity and higher response rate. Parenteral cyclophosphamide or corticosteroid pulses should be reserved for cases with vasculitis or refractoriness to conventional drugs. Combined treatments by several "disease modifying" drugs or immunosuppressives have not yet proved their safety or higher efficacy. Selective immunosuppressives, such as cyclosporin A, have proved to be of limited efficacy but await comparison with more established drugs. Looking to the future, cytokines, e.g. interferon gamma, and monoclonal antibodies are discussed. | |
| 2027397 | [Dyspnea during administration of methotrexate: not anything to treat casually]. | 1991 Mar 23 | An important complication of methotrexate (MTX) treatment is illustrated by two case histories. Until recently pneumonitis was believed to be associated only with high dose MTX. Lately several cases of pneumonitis during treatment with low intermittent doses have been reported. The use of low dose intermittent MTX treatment in non-malignant diseases is growing fast and an increasing incidence of MTX pneumonitis is to be expected. Early recognition of the disorder may result in adequate treatment. The clinical picture varies from transient mild dyspnoea to progressive, sometimes fatal respiratory insufficiency. All 'new' pulmonary signs of patients treated with MTX should raise suspicion of MTX pneumonitis. Before treatment with MTX is instituted a chest radiograph should be made and pulmonary function testing should be performed. It is of great importance to inform patients carefully about the possibility of MTX pneumonitis and its symptoms. The prognosis of MTX pneumonitis is usually favourable. | |
| 3107337 | Ultraclean air and antibiotics for prevention of postoperative infection. A multicenter st | 1987 Feb | To determine the value of ultraclean air in operating rooms, 8,052 operations for total hip- or knee-joint replacement were followed up for 1-4 years. For operations done in ultraclean air, bacterial contamination of the wound, deep joint sepsis, and major wound sepsis were substantially less than for operations done in conventionally ventilated rooms. Sepsis was also less frequent when prophylactic antibiotics had been given. The two precautions acted independently so that the incidence of sepsis after operation in ultraclean air and with antibiotics was much less than that when either was used alone. Wound sepsis was associated with an enhanced risk of joint sepsis. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest joint pathogen, but infections with other organisms, often considered to be of low pathogenicity, were almost as numerous. Most S. aureus infections were traced to sources in the operating room. |