Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2363782 | Arthroscopic "-ectomy" surgery of the wrist. | 1990 | Arthroscopic surgical techniques are well suited for the removal of diseased tissue. This article illustrates anecdotally some of the feasible arthroscopic "-ectomy" procedures of the wrist: centrum excision of the triangular fibrocartilage complex following injury; synovectomy in the management of wrist rheumatoid arthritis; proximal row carpectomy for degenerative arthritis; and hemiresection of the distal ulna. | |
| 3367097 | Age-related galactosylation of the N-linked oligosaccharides of human serum IgG. | 1988 May 1 | In a study of 151 normal, healthy individuals of both sexes varying in age from 1-70 yr, it was found that the relative incidence of agalactosyl (with both outer arms terminating in N-acetylglucosamine) N-linked oligosaccharides on total serum IgG decreased from birth to a minimum (at 25 yr of age) and then increased with age. The relative incidence of digalactosyl structures varied inversely to this, and the relative incidence of monogalactosyl structures was constant. Galactosylation of the N-linked oligosaccharides of the human serum IgG of normal individuals is therefore an age-related molecular parameter. Several reports have suggested that rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a decreased galactosylation of serum IgG (3-5). The normal variation in galactosylation with age as described here allows a true assessment of disease-associated changes in this parameter, and raises the possibility that one of the lesions in rheumatoid arthritis is an accelerated aging of the immune system. In addition, heterogeneity within age groups may be due to intrinsic differences in genetic endowment, or may reflect the impact of extrinsic factors (8). | |
| 2972057 | [Cellular targets of immunoglobulins eluted from the placenta]. | 1988 Jun | Placenta eluted gammaglobulin were reported to have a beneficial effect among rheumatoid arthritis suffering patients. These gammaglobulin obtained by acidic elution from washed placentas (PEGG) were compared to plasmatic immunoglobulin (Ig) for their ability to inhibit mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), for their content of antibodies (Ab) directed against human tissues or bacteria and viruses. In addition, biochemical fractionations of PEGG were performed. Both PEGG and Ig from plasma (Sandoglobulin [SG]) contained anti nuclear Ab, Ab against smooth muscle, epithelium, vascular endothelium, synovial cells from rheumatoid arthritis synovium. Furthermore, PEGG at high concentration stained the Raji cell line that SG did not stain. PEGG inhibited undirectional MLR by acting on the stimulating cells. SG or plasmin digested Ig from retroplacental blood (Veinoglobulins, Merieux [VG]) also inhibited MLR but at 20 to 50 fold higher concentrations than PEGG. This activity was restricted to intact IgG, even further purified on protein A. Biochemical fractionation indicated that about 10% of PEGG consisted of free light chains, suggesting that deposits of free light chains might exist on placentas. | |
| 3219778 | Detection of circulating immune complexes by Raji cell assay: comparison of flow cytometri | 1988 | Several flow cytometric methods for the measurement of circulating immune complexes (CIC) have recently become available. We report a Raji cell flow cytometric assay (FCMA) that uses aggregated human globulin (AHG) as primary calibrator. Technical advantages of the Raji cell flow cytometric assay are discussed, and its clinical usefulness is evaluated in a method comparison study with the widely used Raji cell immunoradiometric assay. FCMA is more precise and has greater analytic sensitivity for AHG. Diagnostic sensitivity by the flow cytometric method is superior in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, and vasculitis patients: however, diagnostic specificity is similar for both assays, but the reference interval of FCMA is narrower. Significant correlations were found between CIC levels obtained with both methods in SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, and vasculitis patients and in longitudinal studies of two patients with cerebral SLE. The Raji cell FCMA is recommended for measurement of CIC levels to clinical laboratories with access to a flow cytometer. | |
| 2154996 | Abnormal T suppressor cell function in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1990 Feb | The purpose of this study was to analyze T suppressor cell function in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). JRA is a chronic inflammatory childhood disease of unknown etiology that is characterized by arthritis and immunoregulatory abnormalities. T suppressor cell precursors (CD8+, CD28-) were purified from the peripheral blood of 24 JRA patients, using a combination of monoclonal antibodies. These cells were treated with histamine or concanavalin A, agents that are known to induce suppressor activity. They were also tested for their ability to inhibit the proliferative response of autologous T cells to phytohemagglutinin. In some experiments, the accumulation of intracellular cAMP following histamine treatment was also measured. Twelve of 13 patients with clinically active JRA showed abnormal histamine-inducible T suppressor cell function, characterized by the failure of CD8+, CD28- T cells to mediate any detectable suppression. The failure of these cells to accumulate intracellular cAMP after histamine treatment was observed in 5 of 5 patients tested who had active disease. In contrast, 11 of 11 patients with clinically inactive JRA, 5 of 5 patients with cystic fibrosis, and 9 of 9 pediatric control subjects had normal histamine- and concanavalin A-inducible T suppressor cell function, and a normal cAMP response to histamine. These results suggest that patients with clinically active JRA have a reversible defect in T suppressor cell function that is associated with a failure of T suppressor cell precursors to accumulate intracellular cAMP following their exposure to selected immune stimuli. | |
| 2487720 | Multivariate outcome research in arthritis. Implications for sample sizes. | 1989 Dec | Planning appropriate sample sizes prior to data collection is critical to the overall success of a research project. However, the investigator often encounters practical limitations regarding the number of subjects available. While the literature discusses the various options of analysis of clinical trial data, there is little discussion as to the sample size implications of the statistical method chosen. Since the analysis technique employed affects the required sample size, the investigator should select the analysis that is most appropriate for the data and has the most efficient sample size requirement. This paper addresses the sample size implications of three commonly used methods for comparing two populations when there are two or more outcome measures (multivariate outcome). The concepts and methods are illustrated using a Pain Management Study that was conducted using people with rheumatoid arthritis as subjects. | |
| 3464754 | A rational approach to the differential diagnosis of arthritic disorders. | 1986 Dec | Numerous musculoskeletal and collagen diseases can affect the cervical spine and TMJs as well as other joints in the body, resulting in pain and dysfunction. A rational approach has been presented to aid in the differential diagnosis of these disorders when they involve the TMJs. When systemic inflammatory diseases such as gout, psoriatic arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis are suspected, the patient should be seen jointly with a rheumatologist to better manage medication and rehabilitation of the patient. Although rheumatologic diseases may appear complex, they can be differentiated and managed with minimal difficulty for the dentist. Early relief of acute pain and long-term successful management, however, will depend on the clinician's ability to understand the disease process, establish an accurate diagnosis, and apply the proper therapeutic measures. | |
| 28581627 | Advances in Adult Reconstructive Orthopaedics Total joint arthroplasty. | 1991 Nov | The greying of America has produced a strong demand for improving total joint arthroplasty. The primary application of joint replacement technology is at the hip and knee, but arthroplasty of the shoulder and elbow has also made significant advances. Increasing numbers of people are reaching retirement age and require a level of function that will enable their enjoyment of leisure activities such as golf and bicycling. The increased popularity of sports in general also has produced a population of younger adults who need arthroplasty to restore function after a disabling trauma. In addition to patients with traumatic arthritis, patients with crippling arthritis - for example, those affected by rheumatoid arthritis - need more normal function. Thus, there is a great need for total joint replacements that will perform better and last longer. | |
| 2666927 | Pain associated with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1989 Aug | Despite a comprehensive approach to the treatment of JRA patients, pain remains a largely underdeveloped area of research and an undertreated clinical problem. Pain is a highly prevalent condition in JRA patients, one that in adults has been shown to be highly predictive of current medication usage and future disability. This recurrent or chronic pain syndrome is currently treated primarily with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but inclusion of pain management specialists on the interdisciplinary team will allow for greater use of nonpharmacologic means of pain management. | |
| 1690543 | Constitutive production of interleukin-6 and immunologic features in cardiac myxomas. | 1990 Mar | The constitutive production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a potent hepatocyte-stimulating factor and B cell-differentiating factor, was demonstrated in 3 patients with cardiac myxomas. Tumor cells from the only patient who presented with immunologic features produced 14-23-fold higher levels of IL-6 than those from the 2 patients who lacked such features. A significant serum IL-6 level (56 pg/ml), greater than that observed in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis, was also observed only in this patient, with a subsequent return to an undetectable level after surgical removal of the tumor. This was associated with a regression of the immunologic features. This same patient was observed to have an IL-6-dependent, proliferative polyclonal plasmacytosis of the bone marrow. These observations demonstrate that an overproduction of IL-6 by cardiac myxoma cells, in association with a systemic passage of this IL-6, may be responsible for the immunologic features similar to those observed in true autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 2920051 | Pregnancy in women with systemic sclerosis. | 1989 Feb | We assessed fetal morbidity and mortality in women with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Women with a history of SSc and a concomitant pregnancy completed a detailed questionnaire about the pregnancy. These 48 subjects were age-matched and race-matched to 2 other groups of women (a rheumatoid arthritis group and a control group from the same neighborhood), all of whom had been pregnant at least once. There were no differences in the frequencies of miscarriage or perinatal death in the SSc group compared with the 2 control groups. Preterm births occurred slightly more frequently in both SSc patients and rheumatoid arthritis patients compared with the neighborhood control subjects. There were significantly more small full-term infants born to women with SSc. Interestingly, the increase in preterm births and small full-term babies occurred with equal frequency prior to and after the onset of disease. Although close monitoring for premature birth and intrauterine growth retardation is necessary, we conclude that an uneventful, healthy pregnancy is possible for women with SSc. Those with early, rapidly progressive, diffuse skin thickening should avoid becoming pregnant since, intrinsically, they are at higher risk of developing renal crisis. | |
| 1971780 | Thymopentin in the treatment of juvenile chronic arthritis. | 1990 Jan | An immunological imbalance is probably one of the major pathogenetic causes of rheumatoid arthritis in adults as well as in children. This aspect is the rationale for the use of immuno-modulating drugs. In our study we evaluated the effects of intravenously-administered thymopentin on systemic and local features in 10 children affected with systemic onset juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA). We also considered the effects of intra-articular thymopentin in 3 children affected with pauciarticular onset JCA. | |
| 3377870 | Comparison of parotid and minor salivary gland biopsy specimens in the diagnosis of Sjögr | 1988 May | We conducted a prospective study comparing minor salivary gland and parotid gland biopsy specimens obtained simultaneously from 24 patients who were undergoing evaluation for primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Adequate tissue for study was obtained with all minor salivary gland biopsies and 19 of 24 parotid gland biopsies. Parotid inflammation was seen in 6 of 11 patients whose minor salivary gland biopsy results indicated SS, but in none of 8 patients who had normal findings on minor salivary gland biopsy. Patients with parotid inflammation were older and had a higher frequency of dry eyes and mouth, abnormal results on Schirmer's test, serious extraglandular involvement, and serologic abnormalities. We conclude that parotid gland biopsy adds very little to the minor salivary gland biopsy in the diagnosis of primary SS, but that parotid inflammatory changes may reflect disease duration and/or severity. | |
| 2429673 | Evidence of an immunopathogenic basis for central nervous system disease in primary Sjögr | 1986 Oct | The pathogenesis of central nervous system complications in primary Sjögren's syndrome (CNS-SS) is unknown. In order to determine whether patients with active CNS-SS have cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities indicative of CNS inflammation, CSF analyses from 30 patients with active CNS-SS (SSA) were contrasted with those from 20 SS patients without CNS involvement (SSI) and 20 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and active CNS disease (SLEA). Elevations of total protein concentration, IgG concentration, IgG to total protein ratio, and IgG index were observed in patients with SSA, but not in those with SSI. Agarose gel electrophoresis results were abnormal, with 1 or more bands, in 25 of 29 SSA patients (86%), but in only 3 of 18 SSI patients (17%). Similar, but less striking, CSF abnormalities were seen in a minority of SLEA patients. Fifteen SSA patients (50%) had transient, mild-to-moderate CSF pleocytosis, while only 1 SSI patient and 2 SLEA patients had similar findings. Cytologic findings were abnormal in 18 SSA patients (60%); these included atypical mononuclear cells, lymphoblastoid cells, and plasma cells. The presence of immunocompetent cells and evidence for the intrathecal synthesis of IgG within the CSF of SSA, but not SSI, patients provide diagnostic parameters which are indicative of active disease and which can be monitored serially during therapy. | |
| 3473648 | Comparing diagnostic criteria for the salivary component of Sjögren's syndrome. | 1986 | Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is defined by the presence of at least two out of three clinical features: keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), xerostomia and another connective tissue disease (CTD). Various criteria have been used to diagnose the oral component of SS (xerostomia) including the presence of at least two out of the following three: lowered unstimulated whole saliva secretion rate, abnormal salivary scintigraphy and sialadenitis in a labial salivary gland biopsy (LSG) ("Copenhagen criteria"), or the solitary criterion of a focus score (FS) value greater than 1 in a LSG biopsy. We compared the application of these two diagnostic criteria on 52 patients suspected of having SS, and evaluated the interexaminer variation of LSG biopsy FS determination. Compared to the Copenhagen criteria, using FS as the only criterion for the oral component of SS would change the diagnosis in 7 (adding 3 and deleting 4 diagnoses of SS) of 52 patients suspected of having the disease. The FS value may be affected by the size of biopsy and interpretation of pathological changes. The overall interexaminer agreement on FS was 90%. | |
| 2853448 | Selective binding of rheumatoid factors to antigen structures of cytomegalovirus (CMV). | 1988 | In rheumatoid arthritis patients with malignant progress, short remissions and unimprovement response of activity to therapy Ab with both properties (antiviral and anti IgG) are compared. The selective binding of RF to antigen structures of CMV were tested by 180 patients in a new established ELISA with antiidiotypic goat antibodies of CMV neutralizing human monoclonal Ab and against virus antigen directly. Displacement reactions on the idiotypic binding side as well as comparative ELISA proved the special RF activity. 24.2% of patient suffering from RA with IgM RF showed selective bindings to antigen structures of CMV and anti IgG activity. The evidence of the specific binding capacity of RF to virus antigen in chronical CMV infection as well as their defined binding capacity to the Fc Fragment of IgG suggest CMV specific RF as pathogenetic factor of malignant forms of inflammatory rheumatism. | |
| 3473643 | Treatment of oral symptoms in Sjögren's syndrome. | 1986 | The most pronounced oral symptoms in Sjögren's syndrome are a dry sensation of the mouth and difficulties in swallowing and speech. Besides these patients do no sleep well and may complain about burning mucous membranes, rampant caries and candidosis. Rampant caries can be prevented by optimal oral hygiene and frequent applications of a neural 1% sodium fluoride gel. Prophylaxis of candidosis can be obtained by meticulous oral hygiene and removal of predisposing factors (e.g. poor dentures). For the other oral signs of Sjögren's syndrome only a symptomatic treatment is possible, because damage of salivary gland tissue is progressive and irreversible. Good results can be obtained by applying a mucin-containing saliva substitute, which has been shown to reduce the dry an burning sensation of the mouth as well as to improve chewing, swallowing, speech and sleeping. When applied by an atomizer it wets the oral cavity for about 30 min. A continuous wetting can be obtained using intra-oral artificial saliva reservoirs. | |
| 3763255 | Psychosocial aspects of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. | 1986 Oct | The earliest studies dating back to the 1950s have tended to present a more pessimistic view of the psychosocial aspects of JRA patients. More carefully designed studies, however, have shown that these children do not have unique personality characteristics, nor are they necessarily socially maladjusted. Stress may play some role in onset of exacerbation of the disease, although this role is unclear at present. The child's level of cognitive development probably does play a role in the perception of pain and should be considered when undertaking patient education. The long-term psychosocial outcome of JRA patients appears to be quite good, with the majority of patients achieving educational levels at or beyond the level of the population as a whole and with the majority of patients able to support themselves. Future research may provide tools for even better assessment of this and other areas of psychosocial function. | |
| 2590807 | Successful treatment of juvenile chronic arthritis with a specific antiviral agent. | 1989 Dec | In a previous paper we identified a group of patients with teenage onset chronic progressive arthritis (JCA or JRA) with raised antibody titres to influenza A (H2N2), an epidemic of which was present in the year they were born. On the basis that they might be chronic carriers of influenza A, and that this might be related to their arthropathy, it was decided to use the anti-influenza A drug amantadine to treat the virus and observe whether there was any effect on the joint disease. A 4-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial followed by a 4-month open study showed that amantadine could under these circumstances be of considerable therapeutic benefit while having no effect on patients without elevated antibody titres against influenza A. | |
| 2213398 | Naproxen-induced pseudoporphyria: a distinctive photodermatitis. | 1990 Oct | A distinctive photodermatitis developed in 22 children who had been receiving naproxen for prolonged periods. The eruption was marked by erythema, vesiculation, or increased skin fragility characterized by easy scarring of sun-exposed skin. Results of biochemical studies for porphyria were normal, and other causes of photosensitivity were believed to be unlikely. Of the 22 patients, 21 had juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; one patient had systemic lupus erythematosus. Twenty of the patients had fair skin and blue eyes. In each case, all findings except scarring resolved when naproxen was discontinued. Attention must be paid to complaints suggesting photosensitivity in children receiving naproxen. |