Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1798989 | [The clinical and cytological characteristics of the oral mucosa in Sjögren's disease and | 1991 Sep | Clinical stomatologic and cytologic studies were carried out in 31 patients with Sjogren's disease, 12 ones with chronic parotitis, and 5 normal subjects. Patients with Sjogren's disease, in contrast to those with chronic parotitis, develop clinically manifest signs of dry exfoliative cheilitis, xerostomia, atrophic changes in the buccal mucosa; this condition is associated with a very high caries intensity and no clinical manifestations of periodontitis or tartar. Elevated leukocyte levels in oral washings and oral fluid of patients with Sjogren's disease and chronic parotitis point to inflammations in the salivary glands, buccal mucosa, and periodontal tissues. Assessment of the leukocyte levels may be used for monitoring the disease course and treatment efficacy. A 3-5-fold enlargement of the deep-layer epitheliocytes, seen on the cytogram of oral washings, is characteristic of patients with Sjogren's disease, in contrast to those with chronic parotitis or normal subjects. A differentiated estimation of the epitheliocyte types in the cytogram of oral washings may be used in the diagnosis of Sjogren's disease along with the criteria suggested before. | |
| 2213783 | Pyoderma gangrenosum complicating Felty's syndrome. | 1990 Aug | The case of a 54-year-old woman with Felty's syndrome whose course was complicated by mucocutaneous lesions clinically typical of pyoderma gangrenosum is described. Necrotizing sinusitis and saddle nose deformity were distinctive clinical features. Lymphocytic vasculitis and rheumatoid nodule formation observed within panniculus at the base of a cutaneous lesion and in a nasal mucosal lesion were unexpected histopathologic findings. | |
| 2101939 | [Nodular amyloidosis of the lungs associated with Sjögren's syndrome]. | 1990 Jul | Pulmonary amyloidosis can develop together with both primary or secondary amyloidosis, isolated or associated with amyloidosis of other organs. In the study a case of a 59 year old female with multiple nodules and diffuse amyloid infiltration in pulmonary parenchyma associated with Sjörgen's syndrome is presented. Amyloid deposits were also found in the surgically removed parotid salivary gland, mostly in its blood vessel walls. | |
| 2376900 | [Specific immune response to pancreas antigen (PA3) in chronic pancreatitis and Sjögren s | 1990 Apr | The pancreas antigen (PA3) was prepared by an interspecies cross-reactive monoclonal antibody (SP3-1, IgM), which reacts with duct cells of multiple exocrine organs. Cell-mediated immunity to PA3 was examined using a lymphocyte proliferation test, and serum antibody to PA3 was measured by radioimmunoassay. Lymphocyte sensitization and serum antibody to PA3 were demonstrated in patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis (CP) and Sjögren syndrome with high rate and high titer. In normal controls and patients with alcoholic CP, stone related CP, PBC, SLE and chronic thyroiditis, they were rarely detected. The antigen detected by serum antibodies in patients with idiopathic CP and Sjögren syndrome was 60 kDa on Western immunoblot. These results revealed a possibility that PA3 was the target antigen for immune response in the pathogenesis of idiopathic CP and/or Sjögren syndrome. | |
| 2306573 | Immunoreactive circulating alpha-interferon is low in Sjögren's syndrome. | 1990 Feb | Circulating alpha-interferon in plasma of 26 patients with Sjögren's syndrome was 0.069 +/- 0.034 ng/ml, a significant decrease compared with 0.119 +/- 0.051 ng/ml for age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (P less than 0.01) and compared with values previously found for healthy donors at ages 1-89 years. The results indicate the inability of Sjögren's syndrome patients to maintain circulating alpha-interferon. | |
| 3428089 | Analysis of human tear protein profiles using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC | 1987 Sep | Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) the tear protein profiles were measured in controls, patients with Sjögren's disease, questionable dry eye (idiopathic dry eye), idiopathic chronic conjunctivitis and the corneal melting syndrome. Qualitative comparison of the protein profiles of patients with Sjögren's disease, corneal melting and IgA deficiency shows a marked difference in the heights of various peaks as compared to the profiles of the control group. The total protein content of tears in controls and in patients with idiopathic chronic conjunctivitis is age dependent and appears to increase until the age of 40 and to decrease afterwards. The peaks containing IgA, lactoferrin and lysozyme were measured in various eye diseases. In idiopathic chronic conjunctivitis and in the corneal melting syndrome no differences were seen in comparison with controls. In patients with idiopathic dry eye and Sjögren's disease a marked decrease in the three proteins was seen. The study presented here indicates that the HPLC analysis of tears is a promising technique which may increase our knowledge of this ocular fluid. | |
| 3080972 | Lithium carbonate therapy in severe Felty's syndrome. Benefits, toxicity, and granulocyte | 1986 Feb | Lithium carbonate was administered to six patients with severe Felty's syndrome, five of whom had problems with infection. Two patients had granulocyte increments that persisted after therapy was discontinued; in one of them problems with infections resolved. In another patient a transient granulocyte rise accompanied treatment. There was no response in three patients. Granulocyte function was measured in three patients during treatment. It was normal except for subnormal hexose monophosphate shunt activity in two patients. Although serum lithium levels were less than 1.5 mmole/L, serious toxic effect occurred in one patient and significant side effects in the other five. These results support a short trial of lithium carbonate therapy in patients with severe symptomatic Felty's syndrome. Potentially beneficial granulocyte increases occur in a minority of patients only, however, and side effects and toxic effects are common. | |
| 3749611 | Labial minor salivary gland biopsy: a highly discriminatory diagnostic method between sarc | 1986 | Sixty labial minor salivary gland biopsies (lip biopsies) from 32 patients with sarcoidosis and 28 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome were evaluated retrospectively and blindly. Six biopsies revealed typical sarcoid granulomata. All six belonged to patients with previously diagnosed sarcoidosis. Twelve lip biopsies, all from sarcoidosis patients, were classified as presenting 1+ or less lymphoid infiltrates according to Tarpley's classification. The biopsies of the remaining 14 patients with sarcoidosis showed normal tissues. Finally, 28 biopsies were classified as having 2+ or 3+ lymphoid infiltrates and/or fibrosis. All belonged to patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Our results indicate that lip biopsy has a rather low diagnostic yield in sarcoidosis (19%) but, more importantly, it can discriminate very well between sarcoidosis and Sjögren's syndrome. | |
| 3296149 | Tear glycoprotein determinations in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of dry eyes. | 1986 | Lacrimal, conjunctival and serum glycoproteins were detected by tear glycoprotein electrophoresis in normal tears, and in tears of patients suffering from acute and chronic conjunctivitis, caustic injuries, aqueous tear deficient dry eyes (keratoconjunctivitis sicca and Sjögren's syndrome), and mucus deficiencies (ocular pemphigoid, and Stevens Johnson syndrome). The use of tear protein and glycoprotein electrophoresis is discussed in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of dry eyes in different forms and stages of the diseases. The possible physiological role of different glycoproteins and the significance of glycoprotein determinations in the selection of various therapeutic procedures is discussed. | |
| 2668187 | Immunological characterization of a human homolog of the 65-kilodalton mycobacterial antig | 1989 Sep | A human mitochondrial protein, designated P1 (63 kilodaltons [kDa], shows extensive sequence homology (47% identical residues and an additional approximately 20% conserved changes) to the 65-kDa mycobacterial antigen. To understand the relationship of these proteins, the cross-reactivity of several monoclonal antibodies directed against the 65-kDa Mycobacterium leprae antigen towards human, Chinese hamster, chicken, and bacterial cells has been examined. A number of antibodies (Y1-2, ML 30-A2, and F47-9-1) were found to cross-react with a 63-kDa antigen in vertebrate cell extracts and stained mitochondria in immunofluorescence studies. Some of these antibodies also reacted with a P1-beta-galactosidase fusion protein in recombinant Escherichia coli cells, expressing part of the human P1 protein. These results provide strong evidence that P1 is the mammalian homolog of the 65-kDa antigen. The human P1 protein also shows significant similarity (P less than 0.001) to a number of other bacterial and viral proteins including the pol polyprotein of human immunodeficiency viruses and the penicillin-binding protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The observed similarity between human P1 protein and the major antigenic proteins of pathogenic organisms (e.g., 60- to 65-kDa mycobacterial antigen) suggests its possible involvement in autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis) by antigenic mimicry. | |
| 3374477 | Effect of steroid hormones on endotoxin-mediated cartilage degradation. | 1988 Jan | Cartilage degradation is a characteristic feature of various types of human arthritis, notably rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The influence of glucocorticoid and other steroid hormones on cartilage proteoglycan breakdown was examined in a model system in which breakdown is readily quantified by the release of proteoglycan from cultured bovine nasal cartilage discs. Endotoxin (bacterial lipopolysaccharides) treatment enhanced the depletion of cartilage proteoglycan by 2-3 fold. This was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by hydrocortisone (10(-9) to 10(-5) M) or other glucocorticoid hormones (dexamethasone, prednisolone, cortisone). Inhibition required the continued presence of the steroid. Removal of hydrocortisone (3 x 10(-7) M) after 4 days from endotoxin-treated cultures resulted in the rapid restoration of an endotoxin response, so that proteoglycan release approached maximum levels during a second 4-day culture period. Other C-21 steroid hormones (progesterone, aldosterone) were also inhibitory at 10(-5) M, but testosterone and beta-estradiol showed little influence on endotoxin action. Proteoglycan products of smaller average mol wt (Sepharose CL-2B chromatography), consistent with core protein cleavages, were released from endotoxin-treated cartilage. Cleavage was unaffected by beta-estradiol, partially blocked by aldosterone and largely prevented by hydrocortisone administration. | |
| 1947892 | 20 years' experience with ketoprofen. | 1991 | Ketoprofen has emerged as a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Its efficacy in the treatment of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis has been demonstrated throughout nearly 20 years of clinical use. It has also been shown to be an effective analgesic. In comparative studies, ketoprofen appears to be at least as effective as other anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. Because of its short half-life (approximately 1.5 hours) no dosage adjustment appears to be necessary in elderly patients unless there is concomitant renal insufficiency. Although rapidly eliminated from plasma, elimination from synovial fluid is delayed, so therapeutic concentrations can be maintained in affected joints without necessitating frequent administration. The side effects of ketoprofen are similar to those of all NSAIDs, gastrointestinal disturbances being the most frequent. Evidence for the adverse effects of NSAIDs on cartilage is still limited. Drug interactions are similar to those of all NSAIDs, antacids, methotrexate and probenecid being particularly important. Ketoprofen is available in a wide range of formulations, each designed to provide appropriate therapy in specific clinical situations: oral capsules for short term therapy; sustained release forms for chronic therapy and once-daily administration; suppositories to avoid possible gastrointestinal disturbances in susceptible patients; intramuscular preparations for rapid action; and a gel formulation for topical treatment. In the future, research should determine whether ketoprofen and other NSAIDs have any disease-modifying effects on inflammatory conditions in addition to providing symptomatic relief. | |
| 2369418 | Metabolic and ultrastructural changes in articular cartilage of rats fed dietary supplemen | 1990 Jul | A "marginally deficient" essential fatty acid state was produced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by dietary supplementation with omega 3 fatty acids. Animals fed diets containing the highest amounts of these fatty acids (10% menhaden fish oil) demonstrated a 70% maximum decrease in the linoleic and arachidonic acid content of articular cartilage, a 30-40% decrease in cartilage hexosamine content, with little effect on hydroxyproline levels, and a 32% inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis. Histologic analysis revealed an occasional surface irregularity and localized depletion of Safranin O and toluidine blue staining of articular cartilage on the femoral heads from animals taking the higher doses. Electron microscopic analysis revealed a marked decrease in "dark-staining" chondrocytes relative to "light-staining" cells in all animals fed menhaden fish oil. The cartilaginous changes noted in this study reflect a causal relationship between chondrocyte metabolism and an altered unsaturated fatty acid content. The observed responses of chondrocytes to omega 3 fatty acids may be similar to those commonly associated with the development of early osteoarthrosis. It is not known whether similar changes are induced in other species, including humans, but these observations suggest that some caution must be taken in the long-term administration of menhaden fish oil or other omega 3 fatty acid-containing preparations in rheumatoid arthritis patients. | |
| 2487716 | Self-report questionnaires in five rheumatic diseases: comparisons of health status constr | 1989 Dec | Self-report questionnaire scales to assess various constructs of health status were compared in 602 patients with five rheumatic diseases, including 134 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 216 osteoarthritis (OA), 84 fibromyalgia, 124 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and 43 scleroderma patients. RA patients showed significantly higher degrees of difficulty, dissatisfaction, and pain in performing eight activities of daily living (ADL) compared to patients with the other four diseases (P less than 0.01), while SLE patients reported the least difficulty, dissatisfaction and pain. Fibromyalgia patients showed significantly higher scores on a visual analog pain scale than patients with the other four diseases (P less than 0.05), followed by OA patients. Fibromyalgia patients reported significantly higher levels of learned helplessness, assessed according to a rheumatology attitudes index (RAI), than patients with all other diseases, and scleroderma patients showed significantly lower RAI scores (P less than 0.05). Patients with all five diseases who had not completed high school showed poorer clinical status than patients who had completed high school on all six scales. Significant differences in questionnaire scores were seen for 24 of 30 comparisons (five diseases and six scales) according to formal education level, versus only two according to age, and none according to duration of disease. | |
| 2317965 | Results of reconstruction for failed total elbow arthroplasty. | 1990 Apr | Failure of total elbow arthroplasty leads to difficult and complicated surgical reconstruction. This study evaluates the results of reconstruction after implant removal with respect to pain, motion, and functional ability. Between 1978 and 1985, 11 patients required implant removal. Indications for removal were infection for seven, implant fracture for three, and recurrent dislocation for one. The original diagnosis was rheumatoid arthritis in six elbows and traumatic arthritis in five. The average length of the follow-up period was 5.5 years after implant removal (minimum, two years). Treatment consisted of implant removal and soft-tissue arthroplasty combined with external fixation in ten patients, and attempted arthrodesis with external fixation in one. There were four good, one fair, two poor, and four failed results. Satisfactory results were obtained in seven of the eight elbows in which an anatomic arthroplasty was achieved. This consisted of containment of the ulna by the humeral epicondylar remnants. All eight elbows were pain-free with an average arc of motion of 85 degrees (range, 55 degrees to 120 degrees). They had excellent elbow flexion power; however, triceps strength was often compromised. In the three elbows in which anatomic arthroplasty could not be achieved, one was flail, one was later converted to an arthrodesis with a customized plate, and the third required an immediate arthrodesis. All three were rated as failures. Fractures occurred in five of the 11 elbows. One occurred preoperatively, three occurred intraoperatively, and one occurred postoperatively. All healed satisfactorily during the course of immobilization. The importance of an anatomic arthroplasty when removing a total arthroplasty cannot be overemphasized. Retaining the epicondylar segments is important because satisfactory results were obtained in patients in whom entrapment of the olecranon within the epicondylar ridges was obtained. Such patients can achieve a satisfactory soft-tissue arthroplasty without the use of an interpositional material. When the epicondylar ridges were not retained and there was marked instability, the patients did not achieve satisfactory results. | |
| 2962725 | Special radiographic techniques in the evaluation of arthritic disease. | 1988 Jan | The radiographic modalities discussed in this article are useful adjunctive techniques in the evaluation of arthritic disease. None of these modalities should be considered for baseline study. Rather, they should be considered following plain film examination when further information is required. The one modality that may be considered for a screening examination is radionuclide imaging. It is most useful when early diagnostic information regarding the extent of pathology is required. A pattern of activity can provide important information to the clinician, enabling an accurate diagnosis. Arthrography is best reserved for the evaluation of articular cartilage of a particular joint. A double-contrast arthrogram should be performed in this case. The technique has little application in the evaluation of polyarticular disease. Tenography is most useful in differentiating tenosynovitis from stenosing tenosynovitis. The differentiation is important because a diagnosis of stenosing tenosynovitis usually necessitates surgical intervention. Spontaneous rupture can be evaluated with tenography, but is is probably best evaluated with MRI. CT may be used in the evaluation of both soft-tissue and articular pathology. It is perhaps best employed in the evaluation of articular pathology of the rearfoot. This technique should not be used as a screening examination for vague foot pain. MRI is the newest and most exciting imaging modality available. The excellent soft-tissue contrast provides an accurate means of evaluating the extraarticular manifestations of arthritic disease. MRI may aid in differentiating rheumatoid nodules from neuromas in rheumatoid patients with excessive forefoot disease. It is also useful in the evaluation of tendon pathology, particularly spontaneous ruptures. This technique is only in its infancy, but technologic advances are rapidly making it a major force in the field of diagnostic imaging. | |
| 1647772 | Rheumatoid factors react with Fab fragments of monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex vir | 1991 Jul | Human polyclonal IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) were tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) (II-481 and B10/A8) to glycoprotein E (gE), the Fc gamma-binding protein of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), as well as with MAb 88-S to gE of HSV-2. Most of the RF reacted with II-481 and 88-S. Positive reactions were recorded for RF reacting with whole MAb II-481 and 88-S, as well as with their Fab, but not their Fc, fragments. Human monoclonal IgM RF isolated from mixed cryoglobulins showed a similar profile, with reactivity for both whole MAb II-481 and 88-S and for their Fab fragments. Reactivity with MAb to gE was observed regardless of the Gm specificity of the polyclonal RF and the cross-reactive idiotypes (6B6, 17.109, or G6) of the monoclonal RF. No positive reactions were noted between protein A and Fab fragments of any of the anti-gE MAb. These findings indicate that many RF may bear the internal image of the Fc gamma-binding regions of 2 different herpesviruses: HSV-1 and HSV-2. | |
| 3668982 | IgM rheumatoid factor in Lyme disease: correlation with disease activity, total serum IgM, | 1987 Aug | We tested the sera of 50 patients with Lyme disease for IgM-rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF) using a sensitive ELISA. Levels of IgM-RF greater than 3 SD above the mean of normal subjects were found in 2 of 15 patients with erythema chronicum migrans, 7 of 10 with neurologic abnormalities, and 7 of 25 with Lyme arthritis (p = 0.038). Only 2 of these sera were positive by latex agglutination. In contrast, none of the 23 control patients with osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or Reiter's syndrome had positive tests. The levels of IgM-RF correlated with disease activity (p = 0.002), total serum IgM levels (p = 0.002), and specific IgM antibody titers to Borrelia burgdorferi (p = 0.006). IgM-RF reactivity was absorbed with heat aggregated IgG (HAGG), but the titer of specific IgM antibody was insignificantly affected by this procedure. Thus, small amounts of RF are produced at certain times in many patients with Lyme disease, and IgM-RF production appears to be linked to the specific IgM response. | |
| 2346521 | Immunogenetic associations of scleroderma-related antinuclear antibodies. | 1990 May | Patients selected for the presence of scleroderma-related antibodies (anti-DNA-topoisomerase I [anti-topo I; n = 43], anticentromere antibody [ACA; n = 63], or anti-Pm-Scl [n = 12]) were studied for class I and class II major histocompatibility complex antigens, as well as for Gm and Km allotypes. Anti-topo I was associated with HLA-DR5 (70% of patients versus 30.6% of controls; Pcorr = 0.0018, relative risk [RR] = 5.3). All patients with anti-Pm-Scl were positive for HLA-DR3 (versus 23.5% of controls; Pcorr less than 0.001); 6 of these patients were DR3/4 heterozygous (50% versus 3.5% of controls; Pcorr less than 0.001, RR = 27.3). Patients with ACA were frequently positive for HLA-DR1, DR4, or DRw8, with 73.7% demonstrating at least 1 of these alleles (versus 41.2% of controls; Pcorr = 0.0152, RR = 4.0). This group of ACA-positive patients who had DR1, DR4, and/or DRw8 consisted mainly of a subgroup of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We conclude that different class II major histocompatibility complex antigens influence the formation of anti-topo I and anti-Pm-Scl. Important clinical differences between these patient groups and the immunogenetic heterogeneity support the notion of different antibody-defined scleroderma subsets. | |
| 2582673 | Bipolar implant shoulder arthroplasty. Long-term results. | 1989 Dec | The bipolar shoulder implant (BSI), designed by the senior author in 1975, has an unfixed metal glenoid cup with a polyethylene liner that articulates with a cemented titanium humeral component. The BSI was inserted in 35 shoulders of 33 patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis (20 cases), degenerative arthritis (ten cases), and posttraumatic lesions (five cases). The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 140 months (average, 63 months). Pain relief was good to excellent in 31 shoulders; four experienced some pain during daily activities. After BSI, motion was greatly improved with 71 degrees average range of abduction, 23 degrees range of adduction, 79 degrees range of flexion, 45 degrees range of extension, 76 degrees range of internal rotation, and 28 degrees range of external rotation. BSI was well-tolerated by the bone and soft tissues, with no erosive changes at the coracoacromial arch. There was no evidence of loosening at the cement-bone interface. One patient with a postoperative subcoracoid dislocation maintained a good functional result for more than 11 years. One BSI had draining sinus tract with negative culture, which spontaneously healed following removal of the implants. There were 3.3 mm (range, -7 mm to 11 mm) of superior subluxation of the humeral head on the preoperative roentgenogram. This increased to 8.7 mm (range, -5 mm to 20 mm) in the long-term follow-up roentgenogram. The bipolar implant is specially indicated in the severely arthritic shoulders in patients with vertical humeral subluxation and complicated histories of multiple failed operations. |