Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8014925 | The prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis and undifferentiated polyarthritis syndrome in the c | 1993 Dec | OBJECTIVE: To determine the prognosis of undifferentiated polyarthritis syndrome in the clinic compared with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: We identified consecutive patients seen within the first 2 years of disease (and further subset into 6-month groups) diagnosed as having either RA or undifferentiated polyarthritis syndrome at the first clinic visit. Undifferentiated polyarthritis syndrome was characterized by clinical presentation, laboratory data, and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1958 and 1987 RA criteria. Followup evaluations were done to determine change in diagnosis, resolution of symptoms, and clinical remission of RA. RESULTS: Undifferentiated polyarthritis syndrome was more common in the clinic than RA (638 vs 503). Of patients with RA 7.6% were symptom free an average of 6.9 years after the first clinic visit. For those with disease onset between 0-6 months and 0-2 years, complete resolution of undifferentiated polyarthritis syndrome occurred in 57.9 and 53.9% of cases, including 46.1 and 35.6% meeting ACR 1987 criteria for RA. Latex positivity was the strongest predictor of failure to resolve subsequently (25.0 and 29.2% resolution) and the best predictor of development of RA (41.7 and 43.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Nonrheumatoid undifferentiated polyarthritis syndrome is more common in the clinic than RA. Undifferentiated polyarthritis syndrome resolves in more than half the cases, while RA remits in 7.6%. Finally, resolution of RA criteria positive undifferentiated polyarthritis syndrome occurs predominantly in those who are seronegative. | |
| 1366138 | [The effect of gold salts on rheumatoid factor dynamics in patients with rheumatoid arthri | 1992 | The aim of research was to establish effect of gold-salts (under protected name "Tauredon" Byk Gulden) on the dynamics of rheumatoid factor, decreed with Waaler-Rose test, at patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Following the dynamics of rheumatoid factors was performed during 6 months continued application of "Tauredon" on a group of patients with certain diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. The group consisted of 8 men and 35 women, with age profile of 50 years. With continuous observation of patients and their laboratory findings (Waaler-Rose test) in regular time intervals it was found out that "Tauredon" has significant influence on oscillation of rheumatoid factor, decreed by the method of hemaglutination of sheep erythrocytes. | |
| 8833043 | The rationale for combination therapy of rheumatoid arthritis based on pathophysiology. | 1996 Mar | Rheumatoid arthritis begins with activation of a few cells within joints. The initial process is most likely caused by presentation of an antigen or superantigen by specific HLA-DR glycoproteins to receptive lymphocytes, perhaps accompanied by retroviral activation of synoviocytes and macrophages. After this initial activation process, many different components of host immune, inflammatory, and proliferative responses are activated as well. These include: B cell proliferation, proteolytic enzyme biosynthesis, cytokine expression, activation of kinin, complement, clotting and fibrinolytic pathways, prostaglandin and leukotriene production generation of oxygen free radicals and nitric oxide, and proliferation of synoviocytes (pannocytes)/chondrocytes and their gene products. At some point after the initial stimulus, the rheumatoid synovitis may become self-sustaining, without a need for the initial inciting protein or virus. In consideration of the multiple activated pathways that become operational, it is appropriate to consider therapies that attack more than one pathway. This is the rationale for combination therapy. In practice it does not imply using 2 agents directed against the same pathway (e.g., 2 different nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs) but rather agents (e.g., methotrexate and cyclosporine) that have proven in vitro/in vivo to suppress different components of the immune/inflammatory/proliferative lesion. Thus, since many data suggest that irrevocable destruction of joints begins relatively early in the disease process, it is appropriate to begin substantial combination therapy early as well. | |
| 7863270 | Early rheumatoid arthritis: therapeutic strategies. | 1994 | The early stage of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a unique and critical phase of disease which is often characterized by profound inflammation, severe symptomatology and a high likelihood of radiological progression. Decisions on treatment strategies need to be taken before irreversible damage and functional deterioration occur. There is evidence that early intervention with disease-modifying drugs may reduce functional deterioration and improve long-term outcome. Stable genetic markers and rheumatoid factor are useful in predicting disease severity and thus in identifying those patients who require early aggressive therapy. The acute phase response (APR) is a valuable marker of disease activity and catabolism in RA, and suppression of the APR improves outcome. The use of early aggressive therapy to suppress disease efficiently in patients with a poor prognosis should improve the long-term morbidity and mortality associated with RA. | |
| 8948297 | Development of radiographic damage during the first 5-6 yr of rheumatoid arthritis. A pros | 1996 Nov | The objective of this study was to describe the development of radiographic damage in patients with RA and to search for predictors of radiographic progression over 5 yr. One hundred and thirteen patients, 75 female and 38 male, mean age 53 yr, with definite RA and mean disease duration of 11.4 months, were followed prospectively for 5 yr at an out-patient clinic. Radiographs of the hands and feet were performed annually, and evaluated according to Larsen. The predictive value of demographic, clinical and laboratory variables at study start was evaluated. A stepwise logistic regression model was applied. We found that radiological joint damage occurred early and was significantly progressive during the 5 study years. The rate of progression was most prominent during the first 2 yr. At study start, 53% of the patients had no detectable erosions, but only 11% remained non-erosive. Twenty-six per cent of the patients with the initial presence of erosions did not progress substantially and needed no aggressive therapy. High joint damage progression during the first year, female gender and high baseline ESR could predict 57% of the patients with high total radiographic progression. Age, disease duration, rheumatoid factor, genetic factors, active joint count and the presence of erosions at study start had no predictive value. | |
| 7743748 | Rheumatoid arthritis in the northeastern area of the People's Republic of China and wester | 1995 Jan | The clinical features of 134 consecutive hospitalized patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the northeastern area of the People's Republic of China and 251 consecutive hospitalized patients from western Japan were compared. A total of 91.8% of the Chinese patients were of Han nationality, while all of the patients from Japan were Japanese. The patients in the People's Republic of China showed more inflammatory articular disease and more frequent subcutaneous nodules than did the Japanese patients in the presence of a less elevated ESR value and less radiographic joint destruction. The clinical features of the patients of Han nationality and the Japanese did not change even after adjusting the patients' age and disease duration. The reasons for the contradictory features in the Chinese patients still remain to be clarified. This study is hopefully a first step in promoting more precise studies on rheumatoid arthritis in the People's Republic of China. | |
| 8911080 | [Histomorphometric study of the iliac bone in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1996 Aug | In order to investigate the status of osteoporosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis, a histomorphometric study was performed on the specimens taken from the iliac bone of the patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. All of them had received double tetracycline labeling preoperatively. Twenty consecutive patients admitted to Nakaizu Spa Hospital for the surgery from February to July, 1989 were subjected for the study. All the patients were women with the age ranging from 38 to 68 years (aver. 56.8 years). Seventeen out of the 20 patients were of class 3 or more according to Steinbrocker's staging. There were MUD (multilating disease), 14 MES (more erosive subset) and no LES (least erosive subset) patients according to Ochi's classification. Basically the Frost's method was used for the morphometric examination, and Parfitt's histomorphometric parameters were used for the results evaluation. The results demonstrated that bone volume and trabecular thickness were decreased whereas bone absorption and bone formation rate were increased. Histological findings showed resemblance with that of hyperparathyroidism in view of thin trabecular pattern. The osteoporosis in the present rheumatoid patients were considered to be due to abnormal bone remodeling, secondary to high turn-over of the bone. The bone in the more advanced type (MUD) patients showed much increased bone turn-over and osteoporosis than that of less advanced ones (MES). Hence force, the degree of osteoporosis was in positive relationship with the severity of rheumatoid arthritis. The postoperative clinical results were assessed by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) Rheumatoid Knee Scoring System. Sixteen out of the 20 patients survived at the time of the follow-up (follow-up period: 4 years and 4 months to 6 years and 8 months). Among them, 11 patients were directly examined and the remaining five patients answered a questionnaire. The JOA score showed no correlation with bone volume or bone formation rate, but significant negative correlation with bone eroded surface and osteoclast surface in the morphometric examination. | |
| 8823687 | Development and validation of a rheumatoid hand functional disability scale that assesses | 1996 Jul | OBJECTIVE: To construct a functional disability scale for the rheumatoid hand and to determine if this scale also assesses functional handicap. METHODS: Outpatients and inpatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) according to the ACR criteria answered a set of questions on their daily hand activities. Intrarater and interrater reliability were examined. Criterion referenced validity, and convergent and divergent validities were investigated. Factor analysis followed by varimax rotation was performed. Spearman's (rs) correlation coefficients between 2 quantitative variables were examined. The level of significance was p < 0.05. RESULTS: 96 patients with RA were recruited. The provisional scale had 41 questions. The elimination process left 18 hand activity questions with 6 levels of answers. The intrarater and interrater reliabilities of the scale were 0.97 and 0.96, respectively. Correlation of the scale's total score with visual analog scale (VAS) measure of functional handicap (rs = 0.78) showed good criterion referenced validity. The scale had good convergence with Revel's Functional Index (rs = 0.91) and a moderate relation to the Hand Functional Index (HFI) (rs = 0.58). The scale had a moderate, fair, or no relation to age, morning stiffness, pain measures, and hand swelling. The scale had 3 main factors by factor analysis. An English translation of the scale was validated. CONCLUSION: We have developed a practical functional disability scale for rheumatoid hands that also assesses functional handicap. It has 18 hand activity questions and has been validated in a French population. | |
| 8693196 | [Rheumatoid arthritis in the cricoarytenoid joint]. | 1994 | We present a female patient of 42 years with hoarseness, irradiation of pain into the ear and feeling of fullness in the throat when speaking and swallowing. The symptoms lasted about 9 months and intensively last 10 days. The edema and redness as well as adduction of vocal cords was conformed by laryngoscopy. It was sure rheumatoid arthritis of the cricoarythenoid joint which reacted relatively good on prednisolone therapy. | |
| 8339142 | Rheumatoid arthritis in a patient with primary hypogammaglobulinaemia. | 1993 Jul | A 44-year-old woman with primary hypogammaglobulinaemia developed classical RA and inflammatory bowel disease. She represents an example of rheumatoid disease developing in the absence of endogenous antibodies and raises interesting questions regarding the pathophysiology of the disease. | |
| 8369899 | Iliopsoas bursa presenting as deep vein thrombosis in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1993 Sep | The case of a woman with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis presenting with a deep vein thrombosis of the leg secondary to an enlarged iliopsoas bursa is described. The anatomy, presentation and disease associations are described, and the optimum techniques of imaging and management are discussed. | |
| 7849281 | Aspects of immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis correlated with some immunological p | 1993 Jul | The histopathological (H. E., V. G., PAS-Alcian, Safranine 0, Gömöri) and electron-microscopical investigations were carried out on twenty samples of articular cartilage taken during operations from patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (R. A.) and from others with traumatism, as controls. Histopathologically, the rheumatoid synovial membrane is characterized by synovitis with abundant perivascular lymphoplasmocytic infiltrates. At the pannus synovia-cartilage junction we found the invasive and destructive inflammatory infiltrates penetrating and eroding the cartilage. The histopathological characteristics of the rheumatoid articular cartilage lie in alteration of tinctorial activity, affection of reticuline collagen network and the presence of superficial and deep cartilaginous fissures. The histopathological alterations were confirmed ultrastructurally. Immunologically we found pathological serum values regarding the immune circulating complexes (I. C. C.) (mean = 104 +/- 1.04 U), anticollagen II antibodies (mean = 538 +/- 5 U), reactive Protein C (mean = 16.75 +/- 1.95 mg%) and orosomucoid (mean = 151.1 +/- 4.91 mg%), in seropositive R. A. The corroboration of histopathological, electronmicroscopical and immunological data show the inflammatory and autoimmune feature of this rheumatic disease. | |
| 1598500 | A prospective analysis of liver biopsies in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving long t | 1992 | Baseline and sequential liver biopsies were performed in ten patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with methotrexate (MTX) for more than 4 years. Liver biopsies were performed in all patients before the initiation of MTX therapy and were repeated after reaching a cumulative dose of 1500 mg or more. In four patients a third biopsy was performed 3 years after the first one. No significant worsening of hepatic architecture was found in any of our patients after 4 to 7 1/2 years of MTX therapy. No correlations between histologic findings and various clinical or pharmacological variables could be found. Our results suggested that prolonged MTX administration in RA patients did not cause severe hepatic abnormalities. | |
| 8431212 | Bone mineral density of the hip and of the anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of the s | 1993 Feb | OBJECTIVE: To assess bone mineral density (BMD) in men with steroid-treated rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure BMD in 40 men with RA, 20 of whom were receiving low-dose corticosteroids (< or = 10 mg prednisolone daily), and in 20 healthy, age-matched male controls. RESULTS: BMD was significantly reduced at the femoral neck and greater trochanter in both groups of RA patients, and at the spine from the anteroposterior dimension in the steroid-treated group. CONCLUSION: Low-dose steroid therapy may induce excess axial osteopenia in men with RA. | |
| 7537158 | Macroamylasemia: a possible cause of unexplained hyperamylasemia in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1995 Mar | Macroamylasemia is a benign acquired condition, characterized by a serum amylase unusually large in molecular size that has been found to occur in apparently healthy humans as well as in a variety of diseases including liver disease, diabetes, cancer malabsorption and autoimmune disorders. Most commonly macroamylasemia results from the formation of immune complexes between amylase and immunoglobulins. We describe the first case of an association between macroamylasemia/hyperamylasemia and rheumatoid arthritis characterized by the absence of immunoglobulins, as amylase binding globulins, within the macroamylase complex. Failure to identify macroamylase as the cause of unexplained but benign hyperamylasemia correctly, can lead to costly studies (e.g. ultrasonography, computerized tomography) to rule out pancreatic disease, and could induce prescription of unnecessary elemental diets and replacement therapies, as reported in our patient. | |
| 8178061 | [Rheumatoid polyarthritis. Immunopathological mechanisms, contribution of experimental art | 1994 Jan 1 | Rheumatoid arthritis is an auto-immune disease the autoantigen of which has not yet been identified. Induction and maintenance of the disease may involve environmental factors (bacteria, viruses) and autoantigens directly issued from the articular tissue (collagens, proteoglycans). T cells play a crucial role in rheumatoid arthritis; after the antigen has been recognized, they secrete lymphokines and enable other T and B lymphocytes to be activated. The synovial cells themselves can produce large amounts of lymphokines and enzymes which contribute to the destruction of joints. The immunopathology of rheumatoid arthritis is now much better known owing to studies of experimental arthritis which are the animal models of the disease. These models have helped in validating therapeutic approaches based on immunointervention. | |
| 7787325 | Involvement of the central nervous system in rheumatoid arthritis: its clinical manifestat | 1995 Mar | A rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patient showed high signal intensity in the subcortical region of the frontal and occipital lobes on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histopathological examination in the autopsy specimen revealed severe systemic vasculitis. Additional radiological and laboratory studies revealed that transient cerebral ischemia induced by vasculitis occurred in this patient. | |
| 1513281 | Transgenic domestic animals provide an animal model for rheumatoid arthritis. | 1992 Jul | Production of transgenic domestic animals by microinjection of egg nuclei has permitted the introduction of exogenous genes into the transgenic animal. Pursell et al (1) report severe synovitis, cardiomegaly, dermatitis, renal disease and gastric ulcers in pigs with an expressed bovine growth hormone transgene. I have hypothesized that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disease with initial symptoms to the gamete (2, 3). This hypothesis is supported by data showing a reduced rate of RA in women using oral contraceptives (4, 5) and remission of RA in pregnancy (6). RA in animals resulting from trauma to the gamete would be consistent with this hypothesis. This paper hypothesizes that some of the pathology associated with genetic engineering of livestock can be attributed to a rheumatoid arthritis-like spectrum of symptoms. This systemic reaction could be sufficiently similar to human RA to permit the transgenic pig to serve as an animal model of the disease. | |
| 1362778 | Sulfasalazine in early rheumatoid arthritis. The Australian Multicentre Clinical Trial Gro | 1992 Nov | One hundred and five patients with a diagnosis of early nonerosive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were randomized to receive enteric coated sulfasalazine as Salazopyrin En-tabs or placebo for 6 months. Sixty-five patients completed this 6 month treatment period. Patients taking sulfasalazine were significantly better than those taking placebo in terms of Ritchie articular index, number of swollen and tender joints and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The sulfasalazine group also demonstrated a significant fall in serum hyaluronic acid, IgM rheumatoid factor and C-reactive protein concentration. Side effects leading to withdrawal from treatment occurred in 14 of the sulfasalazine group and 4 of the placebo group. The most common side effects of patients taking sulfasalazine were rashes, liver function test abnormalities and gastrointestinal upsets. Our study demonstrates the efficacy of sulfasalazine in early RA. | |
| 1604416 | [Studies on clinical remission of rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1992 Feb | Clinical remission was observed in 19 out of 276 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Remission rate was higher in male patients. In order to determine the clinical characteristics of remission cases, comparative study was performed. Although the time between initiation of treatment and clinical remission varied from case to case, the remission was related to early diagnosis and use of immunomodulating drug. No exacerbation was observed in our 19 patients with remission for the periods of 17 observation months. However, serial X-ray examination of hands disclosed that the erosive changes developed even after clinical remission. |