Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 910092 | Dysphagia due to vertical subluxation of the axis in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1977 Aug | Two patients with rheumatoid arthritis developed swallowing difficulties. These were mild in one case but severe in the other. Associated pyramidal tract signs and striking upward translocation of the dens made it seem probable that dysphagia was attributable to medullary compression despite the absence of other bulbar features. A history of dysphagia may therefore have serious implications for patients with rheumatoid disease. | |
| 535240 | Correlation of a bioassay with the clinical status of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1979 Oct | Joint synovia and fluids taken from patients with various stages of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were injected into embryonated chicken eggs, resulting in characteristic joint abnormalities ("crooked toes") in the extremities of the embryos and chicks. There was a direct correlation between the number of the induced lesions and the stages of the human RA disease. The percentage of abnormality of the bioassays was consistent with acute, subacute, chronic or remission phases in the clinical course of the RA disease. Specimens from chronic or remission RA joints produced few or no experimental abnormalities, suggesting few or no infectiojs RA particles available to the bioassay. Likewise, dilution of acute RA joint fluids of 1 : 100 by 0.15M NaCl resulted in a characteristic extinction of the bioassay test, suggesting that specimens could lose their reactivity in the bioassay because of too great dilution in the preparation of homogenates of the synovia. Numerical changes in the bioassay consistently followed the changes in the clinical courses of the RA during waning and waxing episodes. A useful numerical scale (0--100%) of the 10-day embryonated egg bioassay as an indication or measurement of the severity of the RA in the patient is proposed on the basis of these observations. | |
| 1226759 | [Generalized secondary amyloidosis in patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis (author's | 1975 Sep 5 | During a period of 6 years (1968 to 1973) 177 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were submitted on one or more occasions to biopsy of the rectal mucosa for the diagnosis of amyloidosis. The indications for biopsy were as follows: 1. proteinuria, even in an intermittent form, 2. progressive type of rheumatoid arthritis with high inflammatory activity, 3. rheumatoid arthritis of longer than 2 years duration with a marked tendency to joint destruction. The histological specimens were stained with Congo red and investigated in polarized light. The biopsy for amyloidosis was positive in 80 patients (45.2%) of whom 14 showed no proteinuria, even of an intermittent nature. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis survived maximally 5 years after amyloidosis had been diagnosed. No successful therapy of amyloidosis has been devised. | |
| 6417628 | Mechanism of action, pharmacology, clinical efficacy and side effects of auranofin. An ora | 1983 Sep | The mechanism of action of auranofin, an oral organic gold compound used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, is probably similar to the previously available parenteral gold compounds. Auranofin affects polymorphonuclear cells and monocytes at lower concentrations than gold sodium thiomalate and generally affects humoral and cell-mediated immunity in the same direction as the latter drug. The pharmacokinetics of auranofin are different from the intramuscular gold compounds. Auranofin is 20-25% orally absorbed and has less total body retention, greater fecal excretion, and less urinary excretion than gold sodium thiomalate. This may be due in part to its differing chemistry, including its lipophilicity and monomeric structure (at least in vitro). While many clinical studies are not yet complete, auranofin (6 mg/day) is clearly more effective than placebo for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Its efficacy relative to gold sodium thiomalate is not clear. Auranofin may be slightly less effective than gold sodium thiomalate, but because it is generally less toxic than intramuscular gold compounds, its therapeutic index may be more favorable. | |
| 6333068 | The influence of pregnancy on blood parameters in patients with rheumatic disease. | 1984 | To evaluate the mutual effect of pregnancy and rheumatic disease, 17 laboratory parameters have been monitored in 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 13 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), studied prospectively during and after gestation. Thirty-one healthy pregnant women served as controls. In the two patient groups, laboratory measurements during gestation, including several acute phase proteins, paralleled those found in healthy controls, indicating that rheumatic disease has no adverse effect on pregnancy. When the non-pregnant period was evaluated, elevated levels of IgG and IgM in RA and elevated ESR and IgA appeared to be predictive indices of the gestational remissions of RA and AS. Thus, a specific immunologic reactivity may be the main condition for remission during pregnancy. | |
| 364609 | Defective phagocytosis by synovial fluid and blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes in patient | 1978 | In a series of thirty-seven patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 50% showed a defect of phagocytosis of Candida albicans by synovial fluid polymorphonuclear leucocytes (SF-PMN) and 40% yielded a defect in peripheral blood (PB-PMN). There was a positive correlation between the defective phagocytosis of SF-PMN and PB-PMN suggesting that defective PB-PMN migrate into the synovial fluid. The defect was associated with the lack of a functional C3b receptor on SF-PMN in 64% of patients and on PB-PMN in 40% of patients. SF-PMN or PB-PMN contained intracellular IgG, IgM and C3 in some patients but the presence of these factors could not be correlated with defective phagocytosis of either cell population. There was no correlation between phagocytosis and the differential agglutination test (DAT) ratio of either serum or synovial fluid. The killing of Candida by SF-PMN and BP-PMN was normal. The results could explain the increased susceptibility to joint infection of patients with RA. | |
| 3880181 | Studies on endothelial cell cytotoxic activity in sera of patients with progressive system | 1985 | Using human umbilical cord endothelial cell cultures and a modified 3HTdR uptake technique, endothelial cell cytotoxic activity (ECA) has been demonstrated in sera of 95/130 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), 14/20 patients with Raynaud syndrome (RS), 52/153 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 47/113 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) sera. ECA could be enriched by gel filtration from PSS sera in a molecular weight range of 5 k daltons. ECA was partially associated with serum proteins, mainly in the albumin containing fraction, albeit at a lower level of activity. In PSS, no relationship of ECA to the type of skin involvement was observed. ECA appears to be a low molecular weight mediator of, as yet, unknown origin. | |
| 393822 | The leukocyte adherence inhibition assay in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1979 Nov | Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and from control subjects were exposed to rheumatoid and osteoarthritic synovial membrane extracts. The number of nonadherent PBL in the presence of each extract was monitored in a test tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay. Six of 7 rheumatoid synovial extracts produced significantly greater nonadherence values when RA leukocytes were used as the test cell (36 +/- 5) compared with values obtained when control leukocytes were used (-5 +/- 3). Preincubation of LAI reactive leukocytes from RA patients with the RA synovial extracts abrogated the positive response, whereas preincubation with the OA extract had no effect. These studies indicate that leukocytes from RA subjects respond to a greater degree to extracts derived from rheumatoid synovium than to extracts derived from osteoarthritic synovium and add further support to the concept that unique substances (putative neoantigens?) are present in RA synovium. | |
| 935828 | The immediate effects of intra-articular injections of osmic acid. | 1976 | One hundred mg of osmic acid (with corticosteroid and lidocaine) was injected for therapeutic purposes into the knee in 10 patients suffering from various types of recalcitrant synovitis (mostly rheumatoid arthritis). The effects of this injection were followed by examination of synovial fluid, blood, and urine of these patients, collected at various intervals after intra-articular injection. As a control, a group of 3 patients (5 knees) received corticosteroid and lidocaine intra-articularly, and another group (6 patients, 7 knees) was injected with lidocaine only, both with the same total volume as the first group. Blood and urine examinations revealed essentially no effects of osmic acid, whereas in synovial fluid a strong inflammatory reaction was observed up to the second day after the injection, though the effusion soon disappeared. In a group treated with lidocaine + corticosteroid, a mild, early inflammatory reaction was noted, while lidocaine alone produced only a dilution effect, and the exudate remained relatively longer. Thus, the early local inflammatory reaction due to osmic acid is an expression of the necessary drastic effect of this beneficial therapeutic agent. | |
| 7443215 | Excretion of salicylic acid into tears following oral administration of aspirin. | 1980 Aug | The concentration of salicylic acid in human tears has been measured by using reverse-phase, high-pressure liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic profiles in tears and in plasma have been obtained following oral administration of 650, 1300, and 1950 mg of aspirin in normal subjects. Salicylate excretion in tears is dose-dependent and is proportional to the plasma concentration. Tear and plasma salicylate levels for rheumatology patients on salicylates are also included. | |
| 818378 | Gold-induced enterocolitis. Case report and literature review. | 1976 Mar | A case of gold-induced enterocolitis and a review of the literature are reported. Gold-induced enterocolitis appears to be an uncommon reaction, occurring in middle-aged females who have received low doses of gold preparations. Symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea with or without blood. The whole of the gastrointestinal tract may be involved and fatal cases occur. The diagnosis of a primary enteropathic arthropathy may be suggested. Cessation of gold, glucocorticoids and supportive therapy are indicated. The mechanism of the reaction is still unknown. | |
| 6280734 | Oropharyngeal Epstein-Barr virus excretion in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1982 Apr | We hypothesized that the defective cellular regulation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) might be reflected in an increased rate of oropharyngeal virus excretion, but we found that the prevalence of excretion in 45 RA patients (22%) did not differ from 45 age- and sex-matched non-RA patients (24%) who were taking similar medications. Increased excretion rates correlated with corticosteroid therapy and male sex, but not with age or serum levels of EBV antibodies. | |
| 6303681 | Immune regulation of collagenase secretion in rheumatoid and osteoarthritic synovial cell | 1983 Mar | Primary cultures of synovial cells were obtained by proteolytic dispersion of synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 19), psoriatic arthritis (n = 2), osteoarthritis (n = 13) and other joint problems (n = 3). The levels of endogenously secreted collagenase were variable from patient to patient but did not differ significantly between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The endogenous collagenase secretion was likely a consequence of mononuclear cell factor (MCF) release from monocytes/macrophages which have been shown to be present among the heterogeneous primary rheumatoid synovial cell population (Dayer et al., 1976). As also demonstrated by these investigators, medium containing MCF can be generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a T lymphocyte-dependent process by the addition of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The addition of such medium stimulated collagenase secretion from all our synovial cell cultures regardless of the endogenous level. Protein synthesis but not synovial cell proliferation was required for MCF stimulation of collagenase secretion. The direct addition of PHA to primary synovial cell cultures stimulated collagenase secretion in some but not all cases indicating the presence of T lymphocytes in these positively-responding cultures. In some of these primary synovial cell cultures in which the addition of PHA stimulated collagenase secretion, secretion was also stimulated by the addition of collagen peptides, native collagen, proteoglycan or purified protein derivative of tuberculin. We propose that, in these instances, MCF release is mediated by antigen-sensitized lymphocytes. Antigen-responsive cultures were not restricted to the rheumatoid population. Our data are compatible with the idea that infiltrated lymphocytes in inflamed synovial tissue become sensitized to cartilage and joint capsule components released during tissue degradation and contribute to matrix destruction by mediating MCF release with consequent stimulation of collagenase synthesis and secretion from synovial cells. | |
| 901596 | Pathogenesis of cervical discovertebral destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1977 Jul | A review of 20 cases of rheumatoid arthritis strongly supported the concept that the cervico-disco-vertebral destruction seen radiologically is a consequence of cervical instability caused by apophyseal arthritis and ligamentous laxity. It is postulated that such instability results in chronic trauma to the discovertebral joints leading to destruction of the disc cartilage and vertebral endplates. "Rheumatoid inflammation" of the disc has previously been described, but it is uncertain that such inflammation in the disc is the primary cause of these destructive lesions. | |
| 1114790 | Incidence of hepatitis associated antigen HAA and homologous antibody in patients with rhe | 1975 | The authors have studied the incidence of hepatitis associated antigen (HAA) and the homologous antibody in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis on the basis of (1) arthritis sometimes associated with viral hepatitis, (2) the possible infectious etiology of rheumatoid arthritis, and (3) observation on the possible pathogenetic role of HAA in some cases of polyarteritis nodosa. The presence of HAA and antibody titer gave constantly negative results in all subjects examined with the exception of one case which showed no signs of serological or histological hepatic involvement. On the basis of the results obtained, the negligible role of HAA in the etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis is underlined. However, the authors emphasize as suggestive the hypothesis that the characteristic histopathological alterations of rheumatoid arthritis may be mediated by an immunological reaction toward an infectious agent other than HAA, but operating through mechanisms similar to those of HAA in polyarteritis nodosa. | |
| 6252321 | Investigation of the metabolic acitivity of bone in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1980 Jul | Uptake of 99mTc pyrophosphate was measured in the midthird of the radius, ulna femur and metacarpal bones of 22 men with rheumatoid arthritis and 18 control subjects. It was significantly elevated in the rheumatoid population. In a parallel study, the retention of 99mTc methylene diphosphonate was significantly increased in 12 of these rheumatoid patients compared to 6 of the control subjects. These results suggest that there is increased bone turnover occurring in "nonjoint" bone in patients with RA and that the use of such bone as a reference standard for joint imaging is likely to prove misleading. | |
| 7005348 | Quantitative determination of circulating immune complexes by inhibition of the hemolytic | 1980 | A practical and sensitive method for detection and quantification of soluble complement-fixing immune complexes in sera of patients with various disease states has been developed. The assay is based on inhibition of complement-dependent sheep red cell hemolysis mediated by polyclonal IgM rheumatoid factor. Aggregated human IgG was used as an in vitro model of C-fixing human immune complexes and was quantified by its ability to inhibit hemolysis of sensitized sheep red cells by isolated IgM rheumatoid factor. The limit of sensitivity of this assay was 1--3 micrograms/ml. Fixation of complement in competition with isolated IgM rheumatoid factor, resulting in inhibition of hemolysis of sensitized sheep red cells, was used for detection and quantification of immune complexes in human sera. IgM rheumatoid factor was incubated with sensitised sheep red cells followed by addition of test sera; guinea pig complement was added; and the amount of IgM rheumatoid factor mediated hemolysis was determined spectrophotometrically and referred to a standard curve of inhibition of hemolysis by increasing amounts of aggregated human gamma-globulin. Good discrimination between sero-positive rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus patients compared with normal and hospitalized subjects was found. | |
| 6640674 | Lymphocyte transformation to connective tissue antigens in adult and juvenile rheumatoid a | 1983 Nov | Transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes after exposure to connective tissue antigens was measured in patients with adult (n = 35) and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (n = 34), osteoarthritis (n = 21), ankylosing spondylitis (n = 15), and systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 26) and in control subjects (n = 36). The connective tissue antigens included homologous cartilage-type proteoglycan, cyanogen bromide-derived peptides of type I, II, and III collagens, and type I and II helical collagens. Lymphocyte transformation was not detected in the osteoarthritic and control groups, with one exception. Sensitization to at least one connective tissue antigen was detected in approximately one-third of the rheumatoid arthritic and lupus patients and in one-quarter of the juvenile rheumatoid patients. In ankylosing spondylitis, positive responses occurred to proteoglycan in 20% of patients tested but never to collagens or peptides. Sensitivity to proteoglycan was detected only in ankylosing spondylitis except for one patient with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and both forms of rheumatoid arthritis, lymphocyte transformation was usually more frequently detected to peptides than to the helical collagens. In adult rheumatoid arthritis, type II peptides elicited an elevated number of responses (14%) as did type I (9%) and III (8%) peptides to lesser degrees. Responses to type I (4%) and II (4%) helical collagens were infrequent. Rheumatoid arthritic patients usually exhibited sensitivity to only one antigen and lymphocyte transformation was often detected when the arthritis was improving. In juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, lymphocyte transformation was detected to peptides of type I (16%), II (9%), and III (29%) collagens and to helical type I (12%) and II (8%) collagens. In systemic lupus erythematosus, sensitization was detected to peptides of type I (13%), II (20%), and III (14%) collagens and to helical type I collagen (18%) but not type II collagen. Simultaneous sensitivity to several antigens often occurred in both systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Examination of individual patients in all three rheumatic disease groups revealed that immune sensitivity developed to collagen peptides rather than to the helical molecules, particularly in the case of type II collagen. Thus, some patients with inflammatory arthritis exhibit immune responses to connective tissue components which are, as a group, characteristic for each type of arthritis. These responses, which were not obviously associated with disease activity, may develop as a result of inflammation or trauma which destroys connective tissue and exposes molecules, in either a native or degraded state, to cells of the immune system. Expression of sensitivity to these tissue antigens may contribute to the chronicity of the inflammatory arthritides. | |
| 6575113 | Acute suppurative arthritis of the temporomandibular joint in a patient with rheumatoid ar | 1983 Apr | Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint is a rare condition. A case of acute staphylococcal suppurative arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) complicating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a 53 year old woman is reported. The aetiology of septic arthritis may be traced to several predisposing factors and many specific agents. It would appear that the case presented is the result of predisposition of patients known to have RA to the complication septic arthritis. Some treatment recommendations are given. | |
| 7065682 | Superficial ulcerating necrobiosis in rheumatoid arthritis. A variant of the necrobiosis l | 1982 Apr | Although necrobiosis is not a precise term, it primarily refers to collagen changes found in association with the palisading granulomas seen in granuloma annulare, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum (NLD), and rheumatoid nodules. While the pathogenesis of each of these conditions remains unknown, immune complex vasculitis and delayed hypersensitivity mechanisms have been postulated. Two patients are described, having "classic" rheumatoid arthritis with chronic, superficial, ulcerating, discrete lesions on their lower legs that histologically were interpreted as NLD. While the argument for a chance association of NLD and rheumatoid arthritis could be advanced, the occurrence of identical lesions in two patients with high-titer rheumatoid factor, rheumatoid nodules, and some clinical and microscopic evidence of a low-grade rheumatoid vasculitis suggests a new subset of patients with necrobiotic palisading granulomas. |