Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 579015 | [Meniscus lesions (author's transl)]. | 1977 | Pathogenesis, pathological anatomy, diagnosis and therapy of meniscus lesions especially by soccer players and other sportsmen are represented. However, soccer has by far the highest percentage of incidence of meniscus lesions. Because the efficiency of the knee after meniscectomy is decreased, maintenance and restitution of adequate quadriceps strength are important for an uneventful postoperative course. As far as possible an individual after-care and excerise programme have to be made. Some aspects of pathogenesis of arthrosis deformans after meniscectomy are shortly discussed. The author points to the functional union of the femoro-tibial and femoro-patellar part of the knee joint. | |
| 6089827 | Decreased serum levels of various hydrolytic enzymes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis | 1984 Apr | It is known that the serum level of glycylproline aminopeptidase (Gly-Pro-AP) is decreased in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In the present study, the serum levels of various hydrolytic enzymes were tested in such patients. In comparison to the controls, many enzymes, including Ala-AP, Ser-AP, Phe-AP, Gly-Pro-AP, Gly-Pro-Leu-AP, dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase (angiotensin converting enzyme), and esterase, showed significantly decreased activities in the patients' sera. Only the activity of Trp-AP was significantly increased. Of these enzymatic activities in serum, several ones including those of Gly-Pro-AP, Ala-AP, Phe-AP, trypsin-like enzyme, and esterase, were significantly correlated with the severity of the disease. Although a part of these findings are compatible with previous observations, they suggest rather more extensive disorders of peptide metabolism in this immunological disease. | |
| 6197977 | Immunohistologic characterization of synovial membrane lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis | 1984 Jan | Synovial membrane biopsy specimens from 15 rheumatoid arthritis patients were examined using routine histologic stains and monoclonal antibodies directed against cell surface antigens. Three patterns of lymphoid cell infiltrates were recognized: 1) diffuse infiltration of T cells that surrounded clusters of germinal center B cells (3 patients); 2) diffuse T cell infiltration, lacking germinal centers (8 patients); and 3) proliferation of subsynovial fibroblasts, with relatively few lymphoid cells (4 patients). The synovial, subsynovial, and perivascular tissues in each of the patterns exhibited a high frequency of HLA-DR antigen, HLA-DS antigen, transferrin receptor, and/or epidermal growth factor receptor. In contrast, normal or osteoarthritic synovial tissues did not display a marked increase of these antigens or receptors. Cells bearing natural killer antigen were infrequent in each of these patterns. Active synovitis, synovial effusions, anemia, and elevated sedimentation rate were present in rheumatoid arthritis patients with each of the three histologic patterns. Immunohistologic characterization of synovial membrane infiltrates by these monoclonal antibodies provides additional information about pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and may help in predicting responses to different therapeutic modalities. | |
| 348204 | Decreased lymphocyte response to PHA, Con-A, and calcium ionophore (A23187) in patients wi | 1978 Apr | The mechanism of poor lymphocyte transformation to mitogens was studied in selected patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Low lymphocyte response to PHA and Con-A in media containing autologous and homologous sera was usually associated with poor response to the calcium ionophore A23187, which induces blastogenesis by a different mechanism. The low lymphocyte response to mitogens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis could be restored by in vivo treatment with the anthelmintic drug, levamisole. The present findings suggest that intrinsic defects are responsible for the decreased cellular response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. | |
| 843112 | Palindromic rheumatism. Clinical and serum complement study. | 1977 Feb | A review of 39 patients diagnosed as suffering from palindromic rheumatism showed that 17 cases had evolved into typical rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while 22 had remained palindromic. The pattern of palindromic attacks in the two groups gave no grounds for regarding palindromic rheumatism as a separate condition from RA with palindromic onset. At the first attendance minor clinical or radiological changes, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and positive serology were more common along those patients who were about to develop the picture of RA. Rheumatoid disease developing in patients with a palindromic onset was at least as severe as that among other patients with RA. 5 patients gave a history suggestive of fluid retention during the palindromic episodes, suggesting that attacks might be related to circulating immune complexes and altered vascular permeability. However, samples of blood obtained from 6 patients both during and between attacks showed no reduction in any of a variety of complement components tested. | |
| 6761986 | [Thyroid autoantibodies in diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1982 Nov 1 | In 58 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 101 patients with diabetes mellitus (type I) microsomal antibodies of the thyroid gland as well as antinuclear factors were determined and their frequency was compared with the frequency in test persons with hyperthyroidism, bland struma and a control group. Only in diabetes mellitus with 13% an increased presence of humoral sensitization of the thyroid gland was found, whereas relevant to this no considerable differences were present between rheumatoid arthritis (5%), bland struma (5%) and controls (4%). As we expected the frequency of antibodies was high with 74% in the diffuse hyperthyroidism. In patients with rheumatism antinuclear factors were increasedly found only in higher degrees of titres. Though the determination of microsomal autoantibodies is only one parameter in the immunological diagnosis of the thyroid gland, it seems that according to our investigations a Hashimoto-thyroidism in rheumatoid arthritis does not increasedly occur. Overlapping immune reactions were found only among presumable autoimmunoendocrinopathies. The thesis of the preferred combination of autoimmune sensitization among the groups with organ-specific or organ-unspecific antigens is supported according to the present findings. The insignificant appearance of thyroid autoantibodies in the bland struma refers to the fact that in the endemic area immunomechanisms play an inferior role for the development of struma. | |
| 305451 | Lymphocyte isolation from chronically inflamed synovial membranes. | 1978 | A simple two-step procedure was developed for isolation of lymphocytes from chronically inflamed human synovial membranes. In the first step minced inflamed synovial tissues are disrupted enzymatically by deoxyribonuclease and collagenase. The second step consists of nylon-wool column filtration of the isolated cells. 7 min of preincubation of up to 37.4 X 10(6) cells in a column packed with 600 mg nylon-wool in 6 ml prior to filtration did not result in significant selective losses of either T or B cells, whereas 45 min of preincubation did. Recovery of lymphocytes after nylon-wool column filtration ranged from 68 to 95% (mean 80%) and viability was always higher than 90%. Nylon-wool column filtration increased the proportion of lymphocytes by a mean 73%. The method allows rapid identification of synovial tissue lymphocyte subpopulations as well as characterization of their function. | |
| 4072664 | Survival of knee arthroplasties for rheumatoid arthritis. | 1985 Oct | During a 15-year period, 498 primary knee arthroplasties for chronic rheumatoid and related arthritides were performed. Ninety arthroplasties where prosthetic components were added, removed or replaced were recorded as failures. Eighty-one revisions were exchange arthroplasties, eight attempted arthrodeses and one an above-the-knee amputation. Survival rates were calculated with a life table technique. The cumulative 5-year survival rate was 76 per cent for tibial hemiprostheses, 78 per cent for unicompartment prostheses, 100 per cent for tricompartment prostheses, 87 per cent for stabilized prostheses and 84 per cent for hinge prostheses. Continuous deterioration was observed in the tibial hemiprostheses. The improved surgical technique, with guide instruments and release procedures for better alignment and stability, and to some extent the improved prosthetic design may explain the good early results with tricompartment prostheses. | |
| 159487 | [Suppressor cells of mitogen responses during rheumatoid polyarthritis]. | 1979 May | The suppressor activity of mononuclear cells of the peripheral blood (MCPB) during rheumatoid polyarthritis (RP) was studied using experimental protocole. The MCPB stimulated in vitro by concanavaline A (Con A) are capable of suppressing the mitogenis response of autologus cells; moreover, the short-lived spontaneous suppressor cells disappear during 24 hour in vitro incubation that determines an increase in the proliferative response of the incubated cells for 24 hours. In two of the six RP studied, the suppressor activity generated Con A and the spontaneous suppressor activity are nul. Culture experiments with the MCPB of PR and control subjects show that this defect in suppressor activity is more related to a problem in the generation of suppressor cells than to a deficiency in the response to suppressor signals. | |
| 981928 | [Further observations on the presence of iron in the articuler synovial membrane]. | 1976 Jul | In 1971, a study of 66 synovial biopsy samples indicated that the presence of ferric deposits in the subintimal synovial tissue was of real semiological value in the diagnosis of rheumatoid synovitis. In 1975, a study of 228 synovial biopsy samples led the authors to reconsider this finding: the presence of ferric deposits in the subintimal synovial tissue was far from being a constant feature in rheumatoid synovitis and it was seen with similar frequency in other forms of chronic inflammatory rheumatism and also in several other joint conditions. The origin of the synovial iron and the influence it may have on the development of the rheumatoid processes remain obscure. | |
| 6437829 | Control of the acute-phase serum amyloid A and C-reactive protein response: comparison of | 1984 Oct | The acute-phase serum protein response induced by arthroplasty of the knee was compared with that induced by arthroplasty of the hip in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Total replacement of the knee (n = 13) caused a markedly greater serum amyloid A protein (SAA) (P less than 0.001) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (P less than 0.001) elevation that did total replacement of the hip (n = 13). This effect was not merely due to the use of tourniquet in the knee arthroplasties, since synovectomy of the knee, matched for the duration of the use of tourniquet, induced an SAA response that was significantly lower (P less than 0.001) than that caused by replacement of the knee; the SAA response after knee synovectomy was similar to that after hip arthroplasty. The kinetics and magnitude of the SAA response in patients with reactive amyloidosis were similar to those found in RA patients without amyloidosis. The results show that replacement of the knee is a stronger stimulator of SAA and CRP elevation than replacement of the hip. Thus, total replacement of the knee, possibly due to the performance of the arthroplasty under ischaemic conditions, appears to be more traumatic to the organism than total replacement of the hip. | |
| 6813468 | The effect of smoking on the distribution of gold in blood. | 1982 Jul | The uptake of gold by the red blood cells (RBC) of patients treated with aurothiomalate (GSTM) was greatly potentiated by smoking. The ratios of gold concentrations in RBC to the concentrations in plasma were 0.35 +/- 0.07 (mean +/- SE, n = 14) in smokers and 0.028 +/- 0.003 (n = 23) in non-smokers. Gold uptake by RBC in vitro was also greater in smokers than in blood from non-smokers. Thiocyanate appears to be a major factor which enhances the uptake of gold by RBC. The toxicity of GSTM was not altered by smoking but side effects occurred earlier in smokers. | |
| 881096 | Observations on the gastric mucosa of rheumatic patients before and after ibuprofen admini | 1977 | The initial results of a study set up to investigate the gastric mucosa in rheumatic patients receiving ibuprofen are described. The study involved seven male patients, aged between 17 to 70 years, suffering from various rheumatic diseases. All patients received a daily dose of 1200 mg of ibuprofen per os divided into three fractions and taken over periods of treatment ranging from one to six weeks. On the data obtained by the gastric secretion test, endoscopy, and specific histological and ultrastructure studies it is concluded that, in the cases investigated, ibuprofen could not be shown to be responsible for any significant modification of the gastric mucosa. | |
| 6728264 | [Tolerance and efficacy of proglumetacine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1984 May 7 | The efficacy of proglumetacin , a new non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug, was assessed in 32 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. During treatment with 400-650 mg daily of proglumetacin over a period of 7-14 days, morning stiffness and side-effects were checked weekly or in severely ill patients daily. All patients but one completed the period of treatment. In spite of the short period of observation, a significant improvement was seen in the majority of cases (55%), while in 39% proglumetacin was not more effective than treatments before the admission to the study. In the group of patients treated for 14 days, morning stiffness parameters showed a significant improvement after 7 days and at the end of the period of study. Overall , only 3 patients referred side-effects: 1 case of transient headache and 2 cases of severe gastric pain. In our preliminary study, proglumetacin results to be effective as an antiinflammatory drug also in severe rheumatoid arthritis and safe for its low incidence of side-effects. | |
| 2416505 | IgG rheumatoid factors and self-association of these antibodies. | 1985 Dec | IgG RFs are unique antibodies since they form immune complexes by self-association without the presence of separate antigen molecules. These immune complexes can drive inflammation by complement activation and by interaction with monocytes. Plasma cells in the synovial tissues of patients with RA synthesize IgG RFs and other rheumatoid factors. The reason for the accumulation of these cells in the synovium has not been elucidated. The detection and quantitation of IgG RFs has been difficult owing to the unique nature of these antibodies. The methods for this purpose, however, have improved. In patients with RA the presence of high levels of IgG RFs in serum is associated with clinical evidence of vasculitis. The quantitation of IgG RFs in serum of patients has not yet been established as a diagnostic or prognostic tool. Available evidence, however, suggests that these antibodies have a significant role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 434946 | Erbium--169 versus triamcinolone hexacetonide in the treatment of rheumatoid finger joints | 1979 Feb | Erbium--169 was compared with triamcinolone hexacetonide in the topical treatment of 32 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Erbium--169 was injected into 83 and triamcinolone hexacetonide into 54 proximal interphalangeal or metacarpophalangeal joints. Both treatments produced alleviation of joint pain and swelling and improvement of grip strength. At every check-up (1--18 months) the percentage of remissions was higher after triamcinolone hexacetonide injection than after erbium--169. The difference was significant at 1, 3, and 6 months. | |
| 133564 | [The synovial membrane in rheumatoid arthritis: change in the glycosaminoglycan pattern]. | 1976 May | For examination of glycosaminoglycane (GAG) in the normal synovial membrane and in the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fat free dry tissue was digested with papain. The GAG was fractonated with cetylpyridiniumchloride according to Svejcar's and Robertson's techniques and afterwards it was characterised in detail. The total amount of GAG per gramme of fat free dry tissue was the same in RA and in controls. The GAG distribution pattern was significantly changed: 1. A large fraction of hyaluronic acid was found in acutely inflamed tissue with only few scars. 2. In tissue with much cicatrization, however, acute processes accompanied by large amounts of hyaluronic acid appeared unimportant. There the L-iduronic acid content of the Ch-4-S and the Ch-6-S fractions (increased hybridization) and its total amount was increased. The tendency to increased epimerization of D-glycuronic acid to L-iduronic acid in the GAG-chains was clearly shown by an increase of the GAG-fraction, which contains relatively pure dermatane sulphate. | |
| 1085133 | Administration of antirheumatic drugs. | 1976 Apr | A study of 200 rheumatic patients attending an outpatient clinic and 72 general practitioners (GPs) was undertaken in relation to the administration of antirheumatic drugs. (1) Both patients and GPs agreed that effectiveness, absence of toxicity, and once daily administration were the important features of administration. (2) Significant differences between GPs and patients were noted in that patients more frequently preferred capsules than tablets. (3) GPs thought red was the best colour for an antirheumatic tablet, whereas patients thought white, this opinion being partly determined by the possible confusion of red tablets with sweets by children. (4) In a survey of 174 outpatients with rheumatic diseases, those with rheumatoid arthritis did not like blister packaging. A detailed assessment of 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in hospital confirmed this. Patients with moderate or severe rheumatoid disease of the hands often could not extract tablets from blister packs. Those who could found the packs difficult to open, the tablets broke, and came out suddenly, falling to the floor. | |
| 879865 | Antibody-mediated cytotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1977 Jun | Patients with active seropositive rheumatoid arthritis have reduced antibody-mediated cytotoxicity. Synovial fluid lymphocytes have very low cytotoxicity. A relationship appears to exist between disease activity and cytotoxic activity. | |
| 6427927 | Auranofin: a unique oral chrysotherapeutic agent. | 1984 Feb | Auranofin is a chemically unique gold coordination complex with demonstrated antiarthritic properties on oral administration. Its pharmacokinetic and immunologic profiles are distinct from injectable gold compounds. When auranofin is added to a regimen of salicylates and/or a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug for the treatment of RA, significant additional therapeutic benefit is observed. Published studies indicate that auranofin given 6 mg per day approaches the efficacy of parenteral gold salts in the treatment of rheumatoid disease. Noticeable improvement in clinical and laboratory parameters of disease activity has been observed by the third month of auranofin therapy. Further benefit occurs in some patients during the remainder of the first year of treatment. In the more than 3,000 patients treated with auranofin, the most frequently reported side effects were gastrointestinal (mainly diarrhea) and mucocutaneous. Most side effects were mild in nature and the withdrawal rate due to all adverse reactions averaged 11%. Auranofin differs from injectable gold by producing more gastrointestinal but fewer mucocutaneous reactions. The severity of these reactions is less with auranofin and causes fewer withdrawals from therapy. |