Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6939876 | The side effects of penicillamine therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1981 Jan | Penicillamine causes lots of problems. It is also a highly effective treatment which is capable of achieving long-term control of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The physician's approach to the management of side effects is therefore determined by the patient's response as well as by adverse reactions. The severity of the adverse reaction and its natural history will influence the decision about treatment. There are just 3 options in a patient who develops a side effect due to penicillamine. Treatment may be stopped. It may be stopped and reintroduced, usually using a lower dose and cautious increases. Or it may be continued. Skillful management of side effects is an essential part of the treatment of RA with penicillamine. A therapeutic opportunity has been lost when treatment is stopped in a patient whose disease is controlled. The potential for side effects also influences the decision to use penicillamine and the surveillance required for patients receiving it. | |
| 502474 | Morphologic and chemical variation of the kidney lesions in amyloidosis secondary to rheum | 1979 Nov | The kidneys of 20 patients who died of secondary systemic amyloidosis due to rheumatoid arthritis were studied histologically, and four of these were shown to have an uncommon pattern of deposition with almost no glomerular involvement but heavy deposits in the outer zone of the medulla. In three of the four patients frozen tissue was available. Immunochemical characterization of amyloid fibrils from these three cases showed that the major subunit amyloid fibril protein was protein AA, typical of secondary amyloidosis. Gel chromatography of fibrils revealed an uncommon elution pattern with two retarded major protein peaks. Both these proteins showed immunologic identity with protein AA and had N-terminal amino acid sequences identical with that protein but differed in size obviously due to a shortening of the C-terminal in one of the proteins. The reason for the correlation between the pattern of deposition of amyloid and alterations in protein AA is unclear but might be due to variations in enzymes responsible for the cleavage of the amyloid fibril subunit precursor protein SAA. | |
| 375369 | Radioisotope synoviorthesis in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1979 | Synoviorthesis with radioisotopes is indicated when joint inflammation is not totally controlled by drug prescription. Synoviorthesis should prevent osteoarticular destruction, especially in those cases where the patient does not feel any pain while taking analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. Several publications have shown the value of 90Y for treatment of the knee in rheumatoid arthritis. A dose of 4 mCi seems to be sufficient. For digital joints 169Er, a much weaker isotope, is used. Excellent and good results are obtained in 54.6% of cases. A recent double-blind study demonstrated a highly significant difference with saline (+ prednisolone acetate). Other joints, such as the wrist, elbow, shoulder, ankle or hip, can be treated with 198Au or, better, with 186Rh, which is an almost pure beta-emitter. Excellent and good results are seen in 50--60% of cases, depending on the joint. Treatment is well tolerated but patients younger than 40 years should not receive isotopes and the total dose administered should be less than 15 mCi. | |
| 786838 | [Therapy of progressive chronic polyarthritis. Clinical studies of the effectiveness of az | 1976 Sep 23 | The present paper reports on the experience obtained in patients during treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with Azathioprine. The duration of treatment was on the average 16.5 months (minimum 1 month, maximum 54 months). The arthritic pains could be alleviated or even stopped completely in 73% of the cases. In 53.6% of the cases the morning stiffness was influenced favourably. The analgetic dose could be reduced in 54% of patients, who additionally received analgetics. Rheumatic attacks appeared rarely and also were of shorter duration and less severe. Therefore it can be concluded that Azathioprine has decreased the progredience of the disease. The main side-effects were gastrointestinal upsets. In 2 cases therapy had to be discontinued due to leucopenia. The results show that Azathioprine seems to be valuable for the treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis. The overall effect can be considered as successful, but long-term therapy is necessary. | |
| 1202605 | Rheumatoid synovitis: complement and immune complexes. | 1975 | The pattern of complement component utilization within the joint space of patients with RA is consistent with activation by immune complexes. Immunogluorescent studies of SF leukocytes revealed intracytoplasmic inclusions of immunoglobulins and complement components, particularly in cells from SF with low complement levels and containing materials which precipitated with either C1q and/or rheumatoid factor. RA patients with low levels of SF complement tended to have an unremitting course, subcutaneous nodules, and to have been treated with gold. Their joints had more periarticular demineralization, joint space narrowing, cortical impaction by X-ray; and synoviocytic giant cells, fibrosis, lymphocytes, congestion, and fibrin exudation by pathologic examination than did joints of RA patients without low levels of SF complement. Patients with systemic hypocomplementemia had active classical RA with evidence of severe joint involvement and vasculitis. These findings suggest that rheumatoid inflammation of joints is mediated by immunologic activation of the complement system. | |
| 6627759 | Characterization of blood mononuclear cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients. II. Depresse | 1983 Nov | Purified blood monocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were significantly less capable of presenting purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) to autologous lymphocytes than monocytes from patients with osteoarthritis, degenerative spine diseases, or healthy controls. Since lymphocytes from RA patients exhibited a normal response to soluble PPD or concanavalin A, the lowered T-cell reactivity had to be attributed to a diminished antigen-presenting capacity of monocytes. Several reasons may be responsible for this altered monocyte function in rheumatoid arthritis: a shift of monocytes to subpopulations expressing less Ia-like antigens, an inherent monocyte disorder, or a "preactivation" of monocytes associated with a reduced antigen-presenting capacity. | |
| 517234 | The significant reduction of high molecular weight-kininogen in synovial fluid of patients | 1979 | It has been proposed that kinin system was implicated in inflammatory joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Our present work provides further support on the involvement of the kinin system. In osteoarthritis patients, the total, high molecular weight (HMW)-, and low molecular weight (LMW)-kininogen levels in synovial fluid were not different from those in plasma. On the contrary, in rheumatoid patients, HMW-kininogen level in synovial fluid was significantly lower than that in plasma, whereas LMW-kininogen level in synovial fluid was not different from that in plasma. The reduction of HMW-kininogen level in synovial fluid was much more marked in active cases of those who showed high blood sedimentation rate and high C-reactive protein value. Furthermore, the reduction was closely related to the clinical severity. In active rheumatoid patients, HMW-kininogen level was further reduced in the synovial fluid after withdrawal of indomethacin. | |
| 6308907 | [Transport of calcium ions and content of cyclic nucleotides in fibroblast cultures from s | 1983 May | Content of cyclic nucleotides and the rate of Ca2+ transport into cells were studied in fibroblast cultures from skin of patients with rheumatoid arthritis within II-VI transfers during the stationary phase of growth. There were no differences as compared with controls. Effect of adrenaline on cAMP content was decreased as compared with the controls and the hormone influence on the rate of Ca2+ transport was dissimilar: in 5 patients out of the group of 13 persons--there was noted a stimulating effect (it was the case as in healthy persons), while in other patients the effect was either absent or adrenaline inhibited the Ca2+ transport. Similarly, in rheumatoid arthritis estradiol either did not affect the Ca2+ transport or its effect was opposite as compared with the normal state. The data obtained are discussed in comparison with the results on systemic sclerodermia published earlier. | |
| 313556 | [Serum and articular immune complexes detection by the antibody-dependent cytotoxicity inh | 1979 Mar 24 | Detection of circulating and intra-articular soluble immune complexes, has been done in 28 rheumatoid arthritis, 8 mixed connective tissue diseases and 8 other connective tissue diseases. The method used, is based on a competition reaction in the antibody dependent lymphocytotoxicity reaction (ADC). In rheumatoid arthritis serum immune complexes were detected in 75% of the seropositive cases and 66% of the seronegative ones. The mean level of complexes is higher in the former form of the disease. In a given patient, the concentration of immune complexes in joint fluid, is higher than in serum. Immune complexes were present in the serum of 75% of patients with mixed connective tissue disease, but, here, at a concentration lower than in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. It is proposed that measurement of serum immune complexes, can also be an interesting parameter in the follow-up of the patients. | |
| 6607157 | The argument for aspirin as the NSAID of choice in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 Jan | In view of their costliness, the use of newer NSAIDs is justified if they are demonstrably more effective, less toxic, or better tolerated than aspirin (ASA). However, there is no evidence that any is more effective than ASA, and their widely assumed comparable effectiveness has not been demonstrated convincingly. In terms of clinically meaningful overt and even occult gastrointestinal blood loss, ASA is indistinguishable from the newer NSAIDs. Most NSAIDs evoke fewer unpleasant gastrointestinal symptoms than ASA does, although current recording of such symptoms has magnified the ASA experience. Prescribing a new NSAID before ASA requires a heuristic assertion of comparable effectiveness, misconception of overt toxicities, and belief in the meaningfulness of data demonstrating differential tolerance. The trade-off is increased expense and unknown long-term toxicity. | |
| 6882252 | Clinical studies of color vision with Gunkel's chromagraph. | 1983 Aug | Color thresholds in a series of patients with local or systemic diseases were determined by a chromagraph method and subjected to computer analysis. When compared with normal persons, those with optic nerve disease (multiple sclerosis, optic neuritis, and optic atrophy) showed an overall weakness for all colors (enlarged neutral areas), with an additional specific defect in the orange-cyan (greenish blue) axis. Those with the two retinal diseases studied (macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa) also showed threshold elevation for all colors, but with a special defect in the yellow-blue axis. The general elevation was greater for patients with retinitis pigmentosa than for those with macular degeneration, regardless of the visual acuity. In patients undergoing treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, there was a mild elevation of the color threshold, especially for yellow. | |
| 162334 | [Clinical relevance of circulating immune complexes in patients with systemic lupus erythe | 1979 | Using a solid phase C1q assay, circulating immune complexes (IC) were detected in 15 of 55 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 6 of 14 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In contrast to RA, presence of IC correlated to clinical disease activity in SLE patients. Preliminary short term follow up studies revealed additional differences between RA and SLE: whereas persistence of IC was noted in the patients with SLE, rapid changes of IC levels were observed in RA. | |
| 282447 | The non-hematological side effects of levamisole in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis- | 1978 | The non-hematological side effects of levamisole include (1) sensorineural reactions, the most common of which is alterating of taste and smell; (2) idiosyncratic or allergic reactions such as rash and a febrile, influenza-like illness; and (3) gastro-intestinal symptoms. The sensorineural reactions are seldom of sufficient severity to require discontinuation of treatment. Rash and febrile illness have resulted in withdrawal of levamisole in 7% and 1.5% of cases, respectively, but usually remit spontaneously within a brief interval and are not hazardous except when associated with agranulocytosis. Rash due to levamisole occurs more frequently in rheumatic disease patients than in other conditions. Gastro-intestinal symptoms are mild, quickly reversible, and possibly dose-related; some controlled trails have shown a similar frequency of gastro-intestinal symptoms in the placebo group. | |
| 7042365 | Indoprofen versus indomethacin and placebo. A double-blind three-way cross-over trial in r | 1981 | Thirty in-patients suffering from classical or definite R.A. were given indoprofen 200 mg q.i.d., indomethacin 25 mg q.i.d. and placebo, according to a 6-line completely balanced block design. Each patient received the three treatments for ten days each. Patients were examined at baseline and after each treatment cycle. Both active drugs were significantly better than placebo on relief of pain, Ritchie index, and number of active, painful and swollen joints, morning stiffness; only indoprofen significantly improved grip strength. No significant differences were found between the two active drugs. The three treatments were well tolerated. | |
| 6391928 | Double-blind crossover study to evaluate the efficacy of a single daily dose of naproxen i | 1983 | Three dosage schedules of naproxen--1000 mg in the morning and placebo in the evening, 1000 mg in the evening and placebo in the morning, and 500 mg in the morning and again in the evening--were compared for efficacy in treating rheumatoid arthritis in a 13-week, double-blind, crossover study. After a 1-week washout, 48 patients were assigned randomly according to a Latin Square design to one of three dosage sequence groups, each consisting of three 4-week treatment phases. Each group experienced decreases in pain, number of affected joints, morning stiffness, ARA classification, and disease activity evaluated by both patient and physician. The three dosage schedules provided the same therapeutic results, with few and mild side effects. This study indicates that a single daily dose of naproxen can be used to treat rheumatoid arthritis safely and effectively. | |
| 7377864 | NK and K cell activity of human blood: differences according to sex, age, and disease. | 1980 Feb | We report a study on the activity of NK cells ('natural' killer cells) and K cells (antibody-dependent killer cells) in human peripheral blood in health and disease. The 'targets' used were cells of the Chang cell-line, sensitised with rabbit anti-Chang cell antibody for K cell activity, and killing was assessed by release of radiochromium at effector: target ratios of 50:1 and 100:1. The positive findings were that NK cell activity, but not K cell activity, was greater in males and in youth, that NK cell activity was reduced in systemic lupus erythematosus, that neither NK nor K cell activity was altered in rheumatoid arthritis, and that K cell activity was reduced in chronic active hepatitis. | |
| 365327 | Adverse reactions to levamisole. | 1978 Nov | The adverse reactions mentioned in 267 reports on levamisole are analyzed. Significant adverse reactions are agranulocytosis, skin rash, and febrile illness. They occur in a small subpopulation of patients only, predominantly those with rheumatoid arthritis. Other side effects rarely necessitate discontinuation of treatment. Levamisole did not appear to cause renal or liver toxicity. By means of a questionnaire, cases of blood dyscrasia were analyzed in detail. Agranulocytosis (less than 20% neutrophils) occurs most frequently in patients with rheumatic diseases, in women, and in HLA B27 genotypes. It is spontaneously reversible when treatment is discontinued. The bone marrow is not damaged. Thrombocytopenia has a course similar to that of agranulocytosis but it is very rare. Leukopenia (less than 3000 cells/mm3 but greater than 20% neutrophils) seems to differ from agranulocytosis in a number of ways and is not an indication to discontinue treatment. It is concluded that, if used under the close supervision of a physician, for those clinical situations in which levamisole has proven efficacy, the potential benefit to the patient outweighs the hazards and justifies its use. | |
| 5015034 | Measurement of inflammation in man and animals by radiometry. | 1972 Jan | 1. A radiometer is described, which is sensitive to infrared radiation in the range 0-25 mum, and which, after calibration with a black body standard can be used as a non-contact, fast reading thermometer.2. An example of acute joint inflammation in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis is described. The temperatures over the joint measured by radiometry, followed inflammatory changes in the joint effusion.3. Using rats, the method of measuring inflammation by radiometry was compared with measurements of increase in joint size. Changes measured by radiometry preceded changes shown by increase in joint size.4. The radiometer method was able to demonstrate the effect of an anti-inflammatory drug, given orally, against carrageenin inflammation.5. The procedure was found to be an accurate means of measuring inflammation and the anti-inflammatory effects of drugs. It was faster and less tedious than the other methods for the quantitative measurement of inflammation in man and animals. | |
| 6856165 | [Joint pain crises and chronic inflammatory-reactive phenomena: a unitary approach with pr | 1983 Jun 23 | Nineteen patients with acute joint pain and 12 patients with chronic rheumatic disorders were treated with 450 mg/day of proglumetacin for a period ranging between 15 and 30 days. The overall results revealed a satisfactory response to treatment, and tolerance was rated as "good" or "very good" in all patients. | |
| 498649 | Hallux rigidus: A review of the literature and a method of treatment. | 1979 Jul | Twenty patients with hallux rigidus were evaluated following cheilectomy. The surgical procedure involved resection of proliferative bone at the metatarsophalangeal joint to allow at least 45 degrees of passive dorsiflexion. The follow-up ranged from 7 months to 156 months. Postoperatively, there was minimal progression of the degenrative process. Subjectively, there was uniform patient satisfaction with the procedure. |