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Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes

PMID	Title	PublicationDate	abstract
7152881	Diagnosis and treatment of cervical instability.	1982 Jun	Instability of the cervical spine gives rise to vertebral and neurological symptoms which may be progressive. The principal causes of instability are: trauma, sequelae of laminectomy, malformations, vertebral infections, rheumatoid arthritis, primary tumours (benign and malignant), metastases, and chronic degenerative disease of the discs. Each of these forms of instability must be identified and, depending on the symptoms and pathogenesis, is capable of responding to the appropriate treatment.
7173301	A pharmacological and clinical comparison of prednisolone and betamethasone in rheumatoid	1982 Oct	1. Two oral corticosteroids, prednisolone (8 mg/day) and betamethasone (1 mg/day) have been compared in terms of efficacy and adrenal suppressive activity when used in chronic oral dosage in rheumatoid arthritis. 2. 20 patients were entered to a single blind crossover study receiving each drug for a two-week period. Clinical and laboratory assessments were performed. 3. At this dosage there was no significant difference between any of the clinical parameters assessed for either drug though patient preference was 13 for prednisolone and 7 for betamethasone. 4. At this dosage adrenal suppression was not equivalent, being significantly more marked with betamethasone. 5. The results suggest that prednisolone is the drug of choice for chronic dosage.
6295770	Aspects of resorption and formation of connective tissue during chronic inflammation in rh	1982	Connective tissue destruction is a major characteristic of chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Attempts at repair and fibrosis are also seen. This process is accompanied by local cellular and humoral inflammatory reactions. Production of large amount of collagenase and prostaglandin (PGE2) are demonstrated in vivo and can account for the pathogenesis. Long term cultures of adherent synovial cells from patient with RA produce also large amounts of collagenase and PGE2. Collagenase and PGE2 levels can be stimulated with a soluble factor (MCF), a monokine produced by monocyte-macrophages in culture. MCF production is modulated by cellular elements (T lymphocytes), by humoral elements (Fc fragments of immunoglobulin, immune complexes, antigens, lectins), by elements of the matrix (collagen). MCF appears to belong to the category of the interleukin 1. This factor also affects cell replication, collagen synthesis, hormonal response (to PGE2 and PTH). The monocyte-macrophages in this system appear to be the key between the immune and non-immune systems. Studies of MCF (one of the monocyte-macrophage products) will help the understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation such as RA and the designing and screening of new drugs potentially useful in destructive diseases.
4036389	[Femur shaft fractures in artificial hip joint replacement].	1985	In a total of 1980 patients who underwent total hip replacement 0.8% suffered from intra- and postoperative fractures of the femoral shaft. These spontaneous fractures were preconditioned by damage of the cortical layer due to rheumatoid arthritis, aseptic and septic looseening of the prosthesis as well as local trauma. In most cases stability could be restored by plate osteosynthesis, sometimes in combination with change of the prosthesis.
94990	Rheumatoid factors bind beta 2 microglobulin. Detection of beta 2 microglobulin-complexes	1979	beta 2 Microglobulin binding rheumatoid factors and occurrence of complexed form of beta 2 microglobulin were found in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by radioimmunological methods. 1. As related to the appropriate values of control sera and osteoarthritic synovial fluids, one of the six sera and five of the six synovial fluids of RA patients exhibited increased binding activity for 125I-beta 2 microglobulin, 2. Rheumatoid factors (RF) purified by means of immunoadsorbent bound beta 2 microglobulin; 3. Both 19S and 7S components of sera, synovial fluids and purified RF samples had beta 2 microglobulin binding activity, which was inhibited by an excess of unlabeled beta 2 microglobulin; 4. Complexed (3% PEG 6000 insoluble) beta 2 microglobulin was found in three of fourteen sera and in twelve of fourteen synovial fluids of RA patients. Level of complexed beta 2 microglobulin was independent of its total concentration in the original samples; 5. In the fraction of synovial fluids enriched immune complex the amount of beta 2 microglobulin was in positive correlation with quantity of RF. Presumable immunological and pathological significance of "anti-beta 2 microglobulin"-like cross-reactive RF antibodies is discussed.
3899124	A rheumatoid arthritis B cell subset expresses a phenotype similar to that in chronic lymp	1985 Sep	An abnormal subpopulation of B cells expressing the T1 antigen, which is normally restricted to T cells, was demonstrated in the peripheral blood of 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This T1+ B cell population accounted for a mean of 19.6% (upper limit 48%) of the circulating B cells and did not correlate with clinical disease activity, rheumatoid factor, or drug treatment. The highest percentage of T1+ B cells found in the blood of 8 patients with connective tissue diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, was 5% of the B cells, and for normal controls, it was was 3% of the B cells. As previously reported, we confirmed that the T1+,Ig+ phenotype was a feature of leukemic cells in B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The finding of increased numbers of T1+ B cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and those with B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia raises the possibility that these cells play a role in a spectrum of diseases, including those involving autoimmunity and malignancy.
748549	Studies into the occurrence of soluble antigen-antibody complexes in disease. VIII. Fracti	1978 Fall	Fractionation studies were performed of an immune complex-like material measured in rheumatoid synovial fluid using a biological assay based on histamine release from guinea pig lung. This material was eluted from Sepharose 6B in the excluded fraction, from DEAE cellulose predominantly in the third buffer, and from polyacrylamide electrophoresis in a cathodal position. Heterogeneity of the complexes was evident on iso-electric focussing, with one peak of activity at a pH of 4.2--5.6 and the other at pH 6.8--8.6. Purification of the material was limited by a loss of activity which occurred on using three fractionation procedure in sequence. This instability was avoided in the case of Sepharose 6B by adding 0.1% bovine or rabbit albumin to the elution buffer.
6227077	[Activated and cytotoxic-suppressive T cells in rheumatoid polyarthritis].	1983 Jul	The authors studied the distribution of the sub-classes of T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood in 56 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by a technique of complement dependent lymphotoxicity, using monoclonal antibodies (ABm) which react with surface proteins p29/34 (HLA-DR) and Tp 30 (OKT 8-like). Classically, these ABm recognize the sub-groups of activated T cells (TA = TDR+) and cytotoxic/suppressive T cells (T c/s) respectively. In this study, normal levels of TDR+ and T c/s were found in 32% and 25% of patients respectively. However, the distribution of the values shows that 48% of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis have an increased level of TA/DR+, while 51 to 67% of patients with RA have reduced levels of T c/s, depending on which ABm was used, which suggests a heterogeneity in the T c/s sub-population. In this series, it seems that the two phenomena are preferentially associated in the small group of patients with early onset RA, while in patients with late onset RA, there is an isolated rise in the TA. These observations need to be confirmed before we can attribute an aetio-pathogenic role to the co-existence of these disorders. However, when the percentage of T c/s is greater than that of the TA, the RA has a longer clinical course than in the reverse case, which suggests the possibility of secondary immunological adaptation to the disease or an influence of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
133641	Search for antigen in rheumatoid synovial macrophages.	1976 Apr	Peripheral blood monocytes and synovial macrophages obtained from 21 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and from 13 controls were cultured with autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes and stimulation measured by thymidine uptake. Rheumatoid macrophages and monocytes induced a small but significant degree of lymphocyte transformation, and those from the controls did not. The degree of stimulation appears to be more consistent with the nonspecific effect of lymphocyte activating factor, rather than with the presence of a specific synovial antigen.
6240537	Gold vs D-penicillamine double blind study and followup.	1984 Dec	We undertook a controlled random double-blind comparing gold and penicillamine. Of the 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis entered into the study, 34 completed the protocol. We found no significant differences in the clinical results, laboratory variables, or toxicity. Longterm followup of 55 months revealed that a significant number of patients were no longer on either drug. The notable exceptions were those who were felt to be in remission from either drug, and remained on gold, or penicillamine. No toxicity from penicillamine involving known immunological aberration has thus far been encountered.
6419591	Molecular mechanisms of action of auranofin and other gold complexes as related to their b	1983 Dec 30	The molecular mechanisms of action of gold complexes in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis are partially known, as are the mechanisms of action and potential utility of gold complexes in the treatment of neoplastic disease. In this paper, data relative to the mechanism of cytotoxicity and structure activity relationships are presented. Concepts of future research are also discussed.
615471	Source and significance of serum alkaline phosphatases in diseases of the locomotor system	1977	A group of 292 patients with diseases of the locomotor system was examined. Elevated activity of the liver isoenzyme of serum alkaline phosphatase was found in rheumatoid arthritis. Evaluation of the alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme in these states is especially important for studying nonspecific irritation of the liver tissue as a result of long-term therapy. Significantly elevated bone isoenzyme activity was found in Paget's disease, ankylosing spondylitis and osteoporomalacia, gout, the hyperuricaemic syndrome and some osteoarthroses. In these states, study of the alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes is of particular significance in evaluation of the development of metabolic bone changes. An association between elevated bone and intestinal isoenzyme activity was found. The diagnostic value of the determination of serum alkaline phosphatase is multiplied if the isoenzymes are also evaluated.
6332906	Antibodies to native type I collagen in childhood rheumatic diseases.	1984 Aug	The sera of 116 children with a variety of rheumatic diseases were assayed for the presence of antibodies to bovine native type I collagen by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For comparison, the sera of 69 children without rheumatic diseases, 50 healthy adult blood donors and 23 adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were similarly assayed. Twenty-four % of the 90 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) had antibodies to native type I collagen. Eleven of 26 (42%) with polyarticular onset, 5 of 53 (9%) with pauciarticular onset and 6 of 11 (55%) with systemic onset JRA had such antibodies. Seven of 10 children with spondyloarthropathies and 8 of 16 children with a variety of connective tissue diseases had antibodies to native type I collagen. Among children with nonrheumatic diseases, 12 of 69 (17%) were anticollagen antibody positive. Anticollagen antibodies were found in 4% of adult blood donors and 70% of adults with RA. Thus, antibodies to native type I collagen occur in a wide variety of childhood rheumatic diseases and their presence is not confined exclusively to rheumatic disorders.
1190856	Failure to show mycoplasmas and cytopathogenic virus in rheumatoid arthritis.	1975 Aug	Synovial needle biopsies, joint aspirates, and joint tissue obtained at open operation from 41 cases of rheumatoid arthritis were inoculated onto PPLO media, L-form medium, and cell cultures for the isolation of mycoplasmas, L-form bacteria, and viruses. Medium suitable for the isolation of 'T' strain mycoplasmas was not employed. No mycoplasmas, L-form bacteria, or cytopathogenic viruses were shown. Similar specimens from nine patients diagnosed as having Reiter's disease were examined in a like manner and yielded only one Mycoplasma hominis type 1 isolate from a knee joint biopsy. It is concluded that known strains of mycoplasma and bacterial L-forms do not play a direct role in early and established cases of rheumatoid arthritis. Some of the cell cultures used in this study contained mycoplasma contaminants. Bacterial contaminants were also encountered in occasional batches of L-form medium.
6201023	[Fibronectin and other immunologic parameters in chronic polyarthritis].	1984 Jan	In 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis the plasma fibronectin concentrations were measured and correlated with the levels of C-reactive protein, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, fibrinogen, C3, C4 complement fractions and alpha 2-antiplasmin in serum respectively plasma. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed plasma fibronectin concentrations within reference levels. However, the concentrations of C-reactive protein, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 2-antiplasmin, fibrinogen and C3-complement fraction were significantly higher in comparison to the healthy controls. The results indicate that fibronectin does not belong to the group of "acute phase proteins". Measurement of plasma fibronectin give no additional information about the activity of rheumatoid arthritis.
7362664	Measurement of patient outcome in arthritis.	1980 Feb	A structure for representation of patient outcome is presented, together with a method for outcome measurement and validation of the technique in rheumatoid arthritis. The paradigm represents outcome by five separate dimensions: death, discomfort, disability, drug (therapeutic) toxicity, and dollar cost. Each dimension represents an outcome directly related to patient welfare. Quantitation of these outcome dimensions may be performed at interview or by patient questionnaire. With standardized, validated questions, similar scores are achieved by both methods. The questionnaire technique is preferred since it is inexpensive and does not require interobserver validation. These techniques appear extremely useful for evaluation of long term outcome of patients with rheumatic diseases.
418786	Light chain heterogeneity of 19S and 7S anti-gamma-globulins in rheumatoid arthritis and s	1978 May	Both 19S and 7S anti-gamma-globulins in rheumatoid arthritis sera are enriched in kappa light chain bearing antibody molecules when compared to total 19S and 7S globulins from the same individuals. In patients with subacute bacterial endocarditis 19S anti-gamma-globulins are also, to a degree, enriched in kappa light chains, whereas the 7S anti-gamma-globulins have kappa to lambda light chain ratios indistinguishable from total 7S globulin.
1202608	Complement activation in seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. 125I-C1q bind	1975	1. The detection and quantitation of immune complex-like material in synovial fluid and in serum from patients with joint diseases was done through the measurement of the capacity to bind radiolabeled C1q. It was found that 65% of synovial fluid samples from seropositive or seronegative RA patients had a high C1q binding capacity as compared to other joint diseases. Immune complex-like material was also detected in 63% of serum samples from seropositive RA patients. 2. The existence of C3 or C3PA breakdown products in synovial fluid from most of the synovial fluids from RA patients probably reflects an activation of the complement system occurring in both forms of the disease. C3PA breakdown products were never found in degenerative or post-traumatic joint diseases and only occasionally in other inflammatory arthritis. Apart from their pathogenic significance, these results may have some interest for the clinical investigation of patients with joint diseases.
850777	Recurrent effusion in the synovectomized knee joint.	1977	This report concerns a number of patients affected by recurrent effusion of the knee joint. Synovectomy was performed on 62 knees representing various diagnostic groups, e.g. indefinite synovitis, chronic effusion induced by osteoarthritis, effusion caused by traumatic lesion, synovitis of rheumatoid origin, pigmented villonodular synovitis and tuberculous synovitis. 47 knees were inspected at a follow-up study after 5 years (on average). Good results were noted for 36% of the patients, fair results for 45% and poor results for 19%. The best results were achieved in the following diagnostic groups: indefinite synovitis, synovitis caused by traumatic leasion, and synobitis of rheumatoid origin. On the whole, the results were somewhat better after subtotal than after partial synovectomy.
230553	Effect of ascorbic acid on prolyl hydroxylase activity, collagen hydroxylation and collage	1979 Nov	Synovial cells derived from patients with either rheumatoid arthritis, or simple joint-trauma were grown in tissue culture. The rheumatoid osteoarthritic and non-arthritic synovial cells in cultured all had similar levels of prolyl hydroxylase activity. Following a 3 hour incubation with ascorbate (10(-4)M), prolyl hydroxylase activity was elevated to a similar extent in all synovial cell cultures examined. The activation of prolyl hydroxylase by ascorbate (10(-4)M) was accompanied by increased radioactive hydroxyproline formation and secretion into the media. Increased amounts of collagenase degradable radioactive protein were also secreted into the media, but no changes in total collagen synthesis (media plus cell layer) were observed as a result of ascorbate supplementation using this assay system.