Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6663597 | Nailfold capillary microscopy in the connective tissue diseases: a semiquantitative assess | 1983 Dec | Nailfold capillary microscopy was carried out in patients with systemic sclerosis (58), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, 41), rheumatoid arthritis (RA, 27) and 27 normal subjects using a semiquantitative methodology. Mean enlarged capillary loop counts of greater than 2 were seen in 86% of the systemic sclerosis and 41.5% of the SLE but none of the RA patients or normals. Avascular changes were significantly more severe in systemic sclerosis. In systemic sclerosis the mean avascular score correlated with disease duration and tended to be higher in those with diffuse skin, pulmonary, cardiac and renal involvement. In SLE enlarged capillary loops were associated with Raynaud's phenomenon and less frequent renal involvement. Other morphological abnormalities observed were found to be entirely nonspecific. The technique employed was shown to be reproducible. | |
| 6658306 | Evaluation of a new filter for membrane plasma separation (Preliminary observations). | 1983 Oct | A new plasma filter for membrane plasma separation was used in 10 patients with the following diagnoses: relapsing Guillain-Barré syndrome (one patient), multiple sclerosis (one patient), myasthenia gravis (two patients), cryoglobulinemia (two patients), rheumatoid arthritis (one patient) and psoriasis (three patients). In all patients but one the plasma flow was from 975 to 1,370 ml/h; extremely high levels of cryoglobulins were the cause of filter plugging during a single procedure. The composition of the effluent plasma was not significantly different from the patients' plasma as regards protein electrophoresis and the levels of immune complexes, immunoglobulins and complement. No platelet activation or blood clotting within the processed blood was observed during 20 procedures. No elevation of lysozyme levels or changes in the osmotic fragility of the red blood cells were found, confirming the excellent biocompatibility of these new filters. The clinical results were consistent with the volumes of plasma exchanged and the clinical diagnoses. | |
| 6836696 | Anti-Cra: family study and survival of chromium-labeled incompatible red cells in a Spanis | 1983 Mar | A 22-year-old Spanish-American woman with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis developed anti-Cra after transfusion during colectomy. No Cra negative family members were found among 13 relatives, including four siblings and both parents. Chromium-labeled red cell survival studies showed a T1/2 of 14 days with Cra positive cells. Two units of Cra positive blood were transfused uneventfully for bleeding after ileorectal anastomosis. | |
| 6307321 | Action of antirheumatic drugs on the function of human leucocytes. | 1983 | The effect of 4 antirheumatic drugs, used in the basic therapy of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, on the cellular function of human leucocytes has been studied in vitro. Chloroquine and gold salt aurothioglucose inhibited in a dose-related manner the chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and monocytes at therapeutic concentrations. D-Penicillamine only reduced migration of monocytes, but not that of PMN. Chloroquine has been found to suppress the phagocytosis and the microbicide effect of PMN, the transformation of T-lymphocytes and the chemotactic locomotion of the cells in similar concentrations. On the contrary, the concentrations of the gold salt and D-penicillamine inhibitory in these activities were substantially higher than those required for prevention of chemotaxis in vitro. Levamisole, known for immunostimulatory properties in patients, reduced the responsiveness of the leucocytes only at the highest dosage. The relevance of these experimental findings for the therapeutic approach and for their interaction with the host's defense mechanisms has been discussed. | |
| 6192631 | The T-lymphocyte and cutaneous Churg-Strauss granuloma. | 1983 | Studies of biopsy specimens from 4 patients with Churg-Strauss granulomas of the skin were performed with monoclonal antibodies to T-lymphocyte subset antigens. The finding of a predominance of a LEU3 antibody-reactive helper T-cell population in the perivascular areas and in the palisading and central granuloma areas was noteworthy. Pronounced reduction of suppressor T-cells in the lesions was observed in 2 patients; the lesions were associated with vasculitis and rheumatoid arthritis in one patient and with vasculitis and lupus erythematosus in the other. The Churg-Strauss granuloma demonstrated features of a cutaneous helper T-cell granuloma. | |
| 6804143 | Isolation and characterization of circulating immune complexes in cystic fibrosis. | 1982 Feb | A methodology for the isolation and immunologic characterization of IgG-containing circulating immune complexes (IgG-CIC) as detected by the 125IClq-binding assay (ClqBA) is described. We applied this methodology to sera from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), both positive and negative for IgG-CIC. We used latex-fixation-positive rheumatoid arthritis sera and normal human sera as positive and negative controls, respectively. All IgG-CIC-positive serum samples from CF patients were found to contain antibodies against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the isolated complexes. Some patients also had antibodies in CIC specific for Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. CIC specificity corresponded to respiratory tract colonization for each patient. | |
| 7235312 | Subungueal-splinter hemorrhage an early sign of thromboangiitis obliterans. | 1981 Jun | Subungueal splinter hemorrhage (S.U.S.H.) has been reported in various conditions and may herald a serious systemic disease. It has been related to miscellaneous conditions such as: subacute bacterial endocarditis, severe rheumatoid arthritis, uninfected mitral stenosis, trichinosis, peptic ulcer, hypertension, neoplasm, trauma, and in some cases, is considered idiopathic. Some dermatologic conditions such as psoriasis, dermatitis, and fungal infections may also produce S.U.S.H. It consists of "a homogeneous mass of blood in a layer of squamous cells, adherent to the under surface of the nail, considered to be of embolic origin." In a brief review of pertinent medical literature on thromboangiitis obliterans, we were unable to find a description of its occurrence in this disease. The earliest lesions described in this condition are "painful vesicles on the pulp of digits with intense hyperemia and hypersensitivity of the surrounding skin." It is our opinion that S.U.S.H. is an earlier and quite useful sign of arterial involvement as seen in the following cases observed in our vascular disease section. | |
| 7022658 | The spinous process: the forgotten appendage. | 1981 | The spinous process (SP) is often neglected in the radiologic examination of the spine. Proper coning decreases scattered radiation to the SP's in the lateral view. Lateral zonography (thick cut tomography) is occasionally needed in the thoracic region. In the anteroposterior view paying attention to alignment of the SP's and the distance between them will help in the diagnosis of fracture and/or dislocation. Examination of the spinolaminal line (i.e. the line joining the base of the SP's) on the lateral view is also important in looking for the alignment of the vertebra in trauma. Local absence of indistinctiveness of the spinolaminal line may be recognized in spina bifida or when an osteolytic process involves the cortex in this area. The SP itself is involved, with or without the remainder of the vertebra, in metastatic or primary carcinoma, in trauma, rheumatoid arthritis and Paget's disease and in primary benign tumors. | |
| 6155446 | Antibody-dependent lymphocyte cytotoxicity against basic protein of myelin in multiple scl | 1980 May | An antibody was demonstrated in the serum of 166 out of 200 patients with MS which enabled normal lymphocytes to develop a cytotoxic (ADLC) reaction against MBP. The ADLC correlated with the stage of the process and was positive in 94% of those with active and in 62% of those with inactive disease independent of the type--relapsing or chronic progressive--and of the severity of the disease. Control studies in 200 patients with other organic nervous complaints gave positive findings in patients with carcinoma (7.5%), in rheumatoid arthritis (10-15%) and in syphilis (30%). On the ground of its good specificity and the frequency of positive findings, the reaction may be of diagnostic significance. In 55 of 57 CSF samples investigated in MS, the ADLC was positive. The intensity of the cytotoxicity in serum and CSF is practically identical. This finding supports the pathogenetic significance of the ADLC against MBP although it has no validity as a primary aetiological factor. | |
| 498628 | An artificial ankle joint. | 1979 Jul | Ankle fusion has been the time-honored treatment for painful debilitating conditions of the ankle due to osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is not a uniformly successful operation and has a high complication rate. If there is pre-existing disease in the knee or midtarsal joints, the pain is frequently made worse by ankle fusion. If there is no pre-existing disease, then painful degenerative changes frequently occur in the midtarsal joints subsequently. An artificial ankle joint has been used successfully since 1973 in patients who otherwise would require ankle fusion. The design of the prosthesis allows unrestricted motion in all planes. It also allows imperfect placement of the device without compromising results. The dome of the talus is not resected during insertion of the prosthesis. Only 1 cm of distal tibia is resected, thus allowing fusion without difficulty should it later become necessary. The superior position of the polyethylene device decreases wear from particulate matter which might settle by gravity. Study of 50 total ankle arthroplasty cases shows that predictably good results can be obtained in ankles with good stability, reasonably normal anatomy, and rheumatoids who are not on long-term steroid therapy. | |
| 157676 | The Arthus reaction in rats, a possible test for anti-inflammatory and antiheumatic drugs. | 1979 Jun | The Arthus reaction is an immunologically induced inflammatory response characterized by immune complex deposition, complement fixation, polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration and tissue damage. Many of these same pathological tissue alterations are found in the lesions of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The similarities between the reversed passive Arthus reaction (RPAR) and RA led us to investigate the usefulness of the RPAR in the search for new antirheumatic agents. The RPAR was elicited in the skin of rats using chicken ovalbumin and the IgG fraction of rabbit anti-ovalbumin. Paramethasone, hydrocortisone, indomethacin, pirprofen, sulfinpyrazone, thalidomide and theophylline all gave significant inhibition of the RPAR. Ibuprofen, naproxen, cyprohepatadine and cromolyn sodium were inactive, while phenylbutazone and ASA exhibited a dose-dependent effect. The data show that the Arthus reaction, which is the result of the complex interaction of many factors, can be affected either generally or selectively at different time intervals by various therapeutic agents. The RPAR in rats may prove useful in detecting new therapeutic agents for the treatment of RA. | |
| 114643 | Alterations in human monocyte structure and function induced by incubation with gold sodiu | 1979 | The effect of in vitro indubation with gold sodium thiomalate (GST) on the morphology and functional activity of human mononuclear phagocytes (Mphi) was examined. Human peripheral blood Mphi that had been incubated with GST (25 micrograms/ml) for 4 days developed large intracytoplasmic vacuoles. Similar vacuolization developed after incubation with gold chloride but not with thiomalic acid. GST pre-incubation also induced a number of functional alterations in Mphi. GST incubation had little effect on glass adherence or FC receptor-mediated particle binding but markedly diminished pinocytosis of horseradish peroxidase and phagocytosis of IgG opsonized erythrocytes. These data indicate that the action of GST in rheumatoid arthritis may result from its capacity to alter the functional capability of Mphi. | |
| 711104 | [Juvenile hip pain. 2. Femur head epiphysiolysis, hip dysplasia, tumors]. | 1978 Nov 9 | The early symptom in hip joint diseases in children is pain. Pain is localized in the groin and thight, but mostly in the knee. Other important signs are limping and reduced internal rotation. If a hip disease is suspected it is necessary to take X-rays in two planes. If diagnosis is early and special therapy started immediately, the results are usually excellent without deformation of the hip. Otherwise early osteoarthritis can develop. This is important because osteoarthritis in the hip joint is in 75% of the cases due to hip joint diseases in childhood. The problems of diagnosis and treatment of the most common hip joint diseases in children (transient synovitis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteomyelitis, Legg-Perthes disease, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, dysplasia, tumors) are discussed. | |
| 665585 | Malacoplakia of the endometrium, a probable cause of postmenopausal bleeding. | 1978 Jun | A 60-year-old woman, 20 years post-menopausal, who had deforming rheumatoid arthritis of 7 years' duration and Sjögren's syndrome of 1 year's duration, had had postmenopausal bleeding for a month prior to admission to the hospital. A diagnosis dilatation and curettage was interpreted as showing acute suppurative endometritis. The patient was discharged, only to have recurrent vaginal bleeding. She was readmitted five weeks later, at which time results of another dilatation and curettage were interpreted as showing xanthromatous endometritis. Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was done. Examination of Epon-embedded endometrium 1 micrometer thick by light microscopy and subsequently by electron microscopy disclosed intracellular bacilliform organisms within phagolysosomes of atypical histiocytes, lamellar bodies, and various developing stages of calcospherites, Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. The curettings were then received and classic Michaelis-Gutmann bodies were identified in periodic acid--Schiff-stained sections. | |
| 216634 | Breakdown of articular cartilage proteoglycans by lymphokine-activated macrophages. | 1978 Jun | Lymphokine supernatants (LE) prepared from antigen sensitive lymphocytes caused an inhibition of migration of macrophages from capillary tubes. Control supernatants (LC) had no effect. The lymphokine supernatants, when added to macrophage cultures (the equivalent of 60 x 10(6) lymphocytes added to 40 x 10(6) macrophages), activated the macrophages so that they secreted the enzyme collagenase after 48 h and 72 h of culture. No collagenase was detected before 48 h or from macrophage supernatants to which LC was added. The macrophage supernatants (LE but not LC) also contained factors (probably enzymes) that, when added to a piece of articular cartilage in medium, caused a partial loss of the hexosamine content of the articular cartilage. These changes were seen as early as after 24 h of culture. Activated macrophages therefore release enzymes that can completely destroy cartilage. Both collagenase and a proteoglycan-hydrolyzing enzyme are released which in vivo might be responsible for the cartilage damage that is found in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 820403 | Apparent reduction of endogenous creatinine clearance by salicylate treatment. | 1976 Jul 3 | A prospective study of nine patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 11 healthy volunteers who started salicylate treatment showed that in 18 of the 20 subjects creatinine clearance values fell the average being 25%. Serum creatinine concentration was increased by an average of 38%, although blood urea levels were unchanged. Since 51Cr-edetic acid clearance tests performed at the same time in 12 of the subjects were not affected, the fall in creatinine clearance was probably not due to impaired glomerular function, and salicylate ingestion may therefore invalidate the creatinine clearance test as an index of glomerular filtration rate. It is clearly important to inquire into the patient's analgesic comsumption when using the creatinine clearance test to assess glomerular function. | |
| 55584 | Apatite deposition disease. A new arthropathy. | 1976 Feb 7 | A method for identifying particles of crystalline calcium hydroxyapatite in synovial fluids and biopsy material has been developed with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and an energy-dispersive micro-analytical system. Particles of hydroxyapatite were identified in the joints of six patients diagnosed as having osteoarthritis, three of whom had acute inflammatory episodes with effusions into the joints. Apatite was not identified in joints affected by rheumatoid arthritis and other types of arthropathy. Animal studies showed that hydroxyapatic crystals can cause an acute inflammatory reaction, and this has been confirmed by experimental studies in man. It is suggested that a third type of crystal-deposition disease should be recognised--namely, calcium-hydroxyapatite crystal-deposition disease. | |
| 1251851 | Upward subluxation of the axis in ankylosing spondylitis. A clinical pathologic report. | 1976 Feb | Upward subluxation of the axis associated with cord compression and death was noted in a patient with a long history of idiopathic ankylosing spondylitis. Upward subluxation of the axis has been recognized in up to 8 per cent of patients with rheumatoid arthritis but it is an exceedingly rare complication of ankylosing spondylitis. In this patient psoriasis and then psoriatic dactylitis developed 26 years after the onset of his ankylosing spondylitis. It is tempting to speculate that the unusual destruction of the joints around the atlas might be due to an added effect of psoriasis on idiopathic ankylosing spondylitis. | |
| 1211307 | An anti-inflammatory substance in normal human plasma. | 1975 Oct | A substance of low molecular weight, below 1000 daltons, has been separated from normal human plasma by a stepwise process involving ultrafiltration followed by column chromatography. The spectrum of anti-inflammatory activity of the active fraction in a variety of animal models shows that it is most active in situations in which the emigration of circulating leucocytes plays the more prominent role. The fraction exerts a selective action on the release of chemotactic factors after the activation in vitro of the complement cascade by the alternate but not by the classical pathway. The existence of the plasma fraction raises several interesting queries. Is it part of the naturally occurring control mechanisms in inflammation? What is its relevance to human disease, e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, and do conventional antirheumatic drugs interact with it? Does its lack of activity against chemical mediators of inflammation and their generating systems throw any light on the importance of these materials in inflammatory reactions? | |
| 1132179 | The Mitchell distal metatarsal osteotomy in the treatment of hallux valgus. | 1975 | Many of the fair and poor results are directly traceable to errors in technique. Patient selection is also important. The operation can be done in adolescents since there is no growth plate at the distal end of the first metatarsal. We do not currently recommend this procedure for those over 60, for those with first metatarsophalangeal osteoarthritis or hallux rigidus or for those with moderate or severe rheumatoid arthritis. For these patients we usually do a Keller excisional arthroplasty. Our use of the osteotomy-bunionectomy operation for the patient with hallux valgus with an associated metatarsalgia or short first metatarsal has now become more cautious. We feel that the operation is not indicated for those with significant preoperative metatarsalgia, especially if the first metatarsal is shorter than the second, or for those whose first metatarsal is more than 4 or 5 millimeters shorter than the second, regardless of preoperative metatarsalgia. In these patients a McBride procedure or a proximal opening-wedge osteotomy is done. |