Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8840 | A review of benorylate - a new antirheumatic drug. | 1975 | Benorylate (Benoral, Benortan) is the esterification product of paracetamol and acetylsalicylic acid. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. Benorylate is probably absorbed as the intact molecule which accounts for its good gastric tolerance. After absorption, benorylate is hydrolysed into its components, salicylate and paracetamol, which then follows the usual routes of metabolism. Benorylate per se is also found in inflamed tissue and several studies, both in vivo and in vitro, have shown that it probably has an anti-inflammatory action of its own. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that a twice daily administration of benorylate should be sufficient for a therapeutic effect and this has been confirmed by its use in patients. Clinical studies have compared benorylate with aspirin, indomethacin, ibuprofen and phenylbutazone and have shown its value in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis and other musculoskeletal conditions. The overall tolerance is excellent. Some minor gastric disturbances are reported from time to time, but these are less than with comparable doses of aspirin. Studies measuring occult blood loss in the stools have shown that this is not a significant problem with benorylate and that the majority of patients lose no more blood than the controls. | |
| 6227674 | Serial circulating immune complexes and mononuclear phagocyte system function in infective | 1983 Dec | Twenty patients with infective endocarditis were followed prospectively and all had elevated levels of circulating immune complexes (CICs) detected by staphylococcal binding assay. Mean CIC levels declined for the group as a whole (193 micrograms/ml +/- 24 to 100 +/- 17, p less than 0.05) and became undetectable in eight patients (47%) who were cured. Patients who died or had complicated courses had higher mean CIC levels at the start and finish (254 micrograms/ml +/- 24 and 145 +/- 37) of antibiotic therapy than patients with uncomplicated courses (178 micrograms/ml +/- 19 and 38 +/- 24), p less than 0.05. CIC levels did not decline significantly in patients with glomerulonephritis or arthritis, in contrast to patients without these features. Despite elevated CIC levels, 10 patients had enhanced mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) function as assessed by Fc-dependent IgG-coated red blood cell clearance. These data suggest that CICs probably are pathogenic in endocarditis and may contribute to the development of arthritis and glomerulonephritis. Elevated CICs in infective endocarditis do not appear to be directly related to defective MPS function. | |
| 4007845 | Follicular bronchitis/bronchiolitis. | 1985 Jul | Nineteen open lung biopsies demonstrating follicular bronchitis/bronchiolitis were reviewed with special attention to clinical manifestations. Morphologically, follicular bronchitis/bronchiolitis was represented by coalescent reactive germinal centers adjacent to airways in the absence of clinical or pathologic evidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or bronchiectasis. Three clinicopathologic groups were identified: 1) patients with collagen vascular diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome; 2) patients with a familial form of the disease or with immunodeficiency syndromes; and 3) a heterogeneous group of patients with frequent peripheral blood eosinophilia, suggesting a hypersensitivity reaction. Prognosis was related to age at the time of biopsy and, to some extent, to the clinical group. Steroid therapy had inconsistent effects in all groups identified. The differential diagnosis of lymphoid lesions in the lung is also discussed. | |
| 6475084 | [Diagnosis of psoriatic osteoarthropathy: comparison of clinical, radiologic and scintigra | 1984 Apr 27 | Among the group of seronegative spondarthritides psoriatic osteoarthropathy can be differentiated from rheumatoid arthritis as a separate disease with generalized osseous proliferation. 33 cases were evaluated and clinical data, X-ray films and nuclear bone scans were compared. Pathological alterations in the bone structure can be found by bone scintigraphy already at very early, even subclinical stages of the disease, thus allowing early diagnosis. In a high percentage of our cases pathological alterations could be demonstrated by scintigraphy long before they were revealed on X-ray films. Scintigraphic methods may help to evaluate the activity of the disease. Furthermore, in many of our cases, localization and concentration of the tracer in the skeleton were so typical, that they may be considered pathognomonic for psoriatic osteoarthropathy. Thus bone scanning appears to be a useful tool for the diagnostic evaluation and follow up in cases of psoriatic arthropathy, in particular if the low exposure to radiation is taken into account. | |
| 6699832 | Clinical associations of fibroblast growth promoting factor in scleroderma. | 1984 Feb | Normal adult human dermal fibroblasts were cultured in the presence of sera from 142 subjects. Results of a fibroblast proliferation assay revealed that 16 of 42 patients with scleroderma, 1 of 25 with rheumatoid arthritis, 3 of 10 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 2 of 3 with mixed connective tissue disease and 0 of 42 normal controls had values outside the normal range. The activity of fibroblast growth promoting factor (FGPF) in the scleroderma group correlated with the skin involvement but not with involvement of any other organ system. The levels of FGPF were higher in the first 2 years of disease duration than at any other time. Our data suggest that fibroblast activation may be a key process in the pathogenesis of scleroderma. | |
| 6319695 | Mononuclear cell factors stimulate the concomitant secretion of distinct latent proteoglyc | 1983 Dec | Human skin fibroblasts or synovial cells exposed to conditioned medium from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells release distinct latent enzymes capable of degrading collagen, proteoglycan (PG) and gelatin at neutral pH. The PG-degrading activity also degrades casein. These enzymes require calcium, are activated by 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate and can be inhibited by ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, but not by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, iodoacetamide or pepstatin. Simultaneous secretion of these proteinases after exposure to conditioned medium from peripheral blood mononuclear cells may be an important mechanism by which connective tissue extracellular matrix is destroyed during chronic inflammation in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6861063 | Spontaneous rupture of the quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament during treatment for ch | 1983 Aug 1 | The quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament rupture rarely, even when under great stress or trauma, but can rupture spontaneously in patients with chronic diseases such as gout, rheumatoid arthritis and renal disease. Several factors probably combine to weaken the tendon, including an impoverished local vascular supply, repeated microtrauma and secondary hypoparathyroidism with osteodystrophy. In the three cases reported here, one of which was bilateral, the patients were being treated for chronic renal disease; surgical repair of the tendons led to sound healing and a return to normal function of the joints. | |
| 6841412 | Iliac aneurysm after total hip arthroplasty. Surgical management. | 1983 May | We report two cases of aneurysm of the external iliac artery after arthroplasty of the hip. In each case the patients suffered from severe, seropositive, rheumatoid arthritis, had been treated with oral corticosteroids and had defects in the acetabular floor which were complicated by sepsis. In these circumstances bleeding from the wound in the hip should be investigated by immediate arteriography with anteroposterior and lateral views. Though vascular injury during operations on the hip is rare, recognition is important as safe and satisfactory treatment can be achieved. In the surgical management of these cases the following points should be noted: an alternative blood supply to the limb must be established using separate surgical incisions; to reduce the risk of sepsis these incisions should be closed and dressed before exploring the aneurysm; the aneurysmal vessel must be isolated and ligated, no attempt being made at primary repair; the aneurysm should be opened longitudinally to avoid damaging the femoral nerve which overlies it; and all foreign material should be removed from the hip. | |
| 7183576 | The penetration of flucloxacillin into cortical and cancellous bone during arthroplasty of | 1982 | Antibiotic prophylaxis with 2 g flucloxacillin was given 2 h before operation in 23 adult patients undergoing knee replacement operations for rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthrosis. The mean extracted concentration of flucloxacillin obtained at operation was 12.9 micrograms/ml (SD 5.25) in synovial fluid; 2.9 micrograms/g (SD 3.59) in synovium; 2.0 micrograms/g (SD 1.48) in cancellous bone and 1.3 micrograms/g (SD 1.25) in cortical bone. The minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) value for flucloxacillin was usually 0.25 micrograms/g against Staphylococcus aureus. Therapeutically active concentrations were thus obtained. There were no adverse reactions from the antibiotic administration. | |
| 7283705 | Control of wound healing and scar formation in surgical patients. | 1981 Oct | Research in wound-healing biology has reached the developmental or practical application stage in the following major areas: reduction of liver collagen, prevention of secondary remodeling of peritoneal fibrous adhesions to produce tendinous bands that cause mechanical intestinal obstruction, reduction in the amount of scar tissue on the surface of the skin, alteration of mechanical properties of restricting a scar on gliding surfaces, and prevention of conduit stenosis after a circumferential internal injury. Pharmacologic agents, such as beta-aminopropionitrile, penicillamine, and colchicine, are being used as adjuvants to familiar surgical techniques. Control of collagen deposition and collagenolysis in the eye, lung, kidney, and around joints that are affected by rheumatoid arthritis will be possible in the next few years. | |
| 7022798 | Recurrence of renal amyloid and de novo membranous glomerulonephritis after transplantatio | 1981 Jul | Eleven patients with amyloidosis were treated for terminal renal failure by transplantation, receiving 12 cadaver allografts. In one patient the amyloidosis was primary and in the remaining 10 it was secondary to a chronic inflammatory disease. All of the patients were subjected to one or two fine-needle aspiration biopsies of the kidney graft during a followup of 11 to 68 months. The biopsies of three patients, one with primary amyloidosis and two with ankylosing spondylitis, revealed amyloid recurrence in the graft. These recurrences were diagnosed at 11, 28, or 37 months, respectively. The risk of amyloid recurrence is thus by no means negligible. The present study revealed no factors determining the development of recurrence. In two additional cases, membranous glomerulonephritis was observed in transplant biopsy. Both of these patients had rheumatoid arthritis as the underlying disease and were treated with gold salts before transplantation. It is suggested that an impaired immune response, related to amyloidosis and/or immunosuppressive therapy, may have favored the formation and deposition of circulating immune complexes. | |
| 7007926 | [Serological diagnosis of systemic connective tissue inflammation; a new immunofluorescenc | 1981 Jan 21 | Two methods for the demonstration of antinuclear antibodies by means of indirect immunofluorescence were employed on 83 serum samples from 80 patients, with rat liver as the substrate. The first method (the classic ANA-test) uses cryostatic slices fixed in acetone; the second (ANA-Bp-test) is based on fixation of the substrate with Bouin's fluid and embedding in paraffin. The series was composed of 25 cases of lupus erythematosus (28 serum samples), 10 of rheumatoid arthritis, 1 of dermatomyositis, 8 of progressive systemic sclerosis, 4 of unclassifiable systemic connective tissues diseases, and 28 various internal and rheumatological forms. The undiluted sera that proved positive were subsequently tested for Ig typing and ANA titration. The ANA-Bp-test was found to be more sensitive, safer, more practical and less expensive than the ANA-test. | |
| 7012460 | Series on pharmacology in practice. 9. Glucocorticoids in rheumatic disease. | 1980 Dec | Glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory agents that play an important role in the therapy of many patients with connective tissue diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyalgia rheumatica, various types of vasculitis, and complications of rheumatoid arthritis. Glucocorticoids reduce the number and influence the function of lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils in peripheral blood. Prolonged high doses of glucocorticoids result in decreased levels of immunoglobulins, particularly IgG. Granulocytes are increased in the peripheral blood, but their migration to sites of inflammation is diminished. Glucocorticoids inhibit release of lysosomal enzymes. Although they have no effect on the factor or factors that initiate inflammation, glucocorticoids have proved to be effective in the treatment of inflammatory manifestations of disease. Among significant adverse effects of glucocorticoid therapy are osteoporosis, aseptic necrosis of bone, and steroid myopathy. | |
| 107869 | Demonstration of protein AA in subcutaneous fat tissue obtained by fine needle biopsy. | 1979 Feb | Polarisation microscopy of material obtained by fine needle biopsy of subcutaneous tissue and stained with Congo red is a simple and reliable method for the diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis. It cannot, however, be used to differentiate histologically between different forms of amyloidosis. In the present study extracts of material obtained by fine needle biopsy of subcutaneous fat tissue from 13 patients were examined by double immunodiffusion with an antiserum against protein AA, a unique protein which forms a major part of the fibrils in secondary amyloidosis. Five of the patients showed amyloid deposits round the fat cells by conventional microscopy. In 3 of these, all with rheumatoid arthritis, protein AA was detected. Eight patients without amyloidosis and 2 with myelomatosis and amyloidosis showed no reaction with antiprotein AA antiserum. Thus the material obtained by fine needle biopsy of subcutaneous tissue could be used not only for the histological diagnosis of amyloidosis but also for a classification of systemic amyloidosis into secondary or primary based on the type of amyloid fibril protein involved. | |
| 95116 | Articular changes due to disuse in Sudeck's atrophy. | 1979 | Two cases of Sudeck's atrophy of the foot occurring 16 months and 17 years after infected fractures of the leg were studied radiologically and pathologically. Various cartilaginous changes were observed, the nature and severity of which depended on the joint involved. They included superficial pannus, deep erosion, fibrous ankylosis and, at times, bony ankylosis. These changes are similar to those observed in nine cases studied by Rutishauser et al. Comparison of the pathological changes in human and experimental joint immobilization suggests that these changes are due mainly to decreased mobility of the joints of the foot in Sudeck's atrophy. These observations also suggest that physiotherapeutic mobilization in Sudeck's atrophy is important for the joints as well as for bone. From a more general point of view, they demonstrate that a condition which is nosologically different from the chronic rheumatic diseases can nevertheless cause lesions that are a fundamental part of the pathological changes in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. | |
| 964237 | Human-polymorphonuclear-leucocyte neutral protease and its inhibitor. Studies with fluores | 1976 Aug 1 | Human polymorphonuclear leucocytes were obtained from the synovial fluids of patients with inflamed knee joints suffering either from Reiter's syndrome or from rheumatoid arthritis. The polymorphonuclear leucocytes were collected by gentle centrifugation followed by disruption and their subcellular fractionation by centrifugation in 0.34 M sucrose to provide a granule fraction and a post-granule supernatant fraction. 0.5 M KCl extraction of the granule fraction yielded neutral protease activity, similar to trypsin, when assayed against fluorescein-labelled polymeric collagen fibrils. The post-granule supernatant fraction contained an inhibitor towards the neutral protease and trypsin. The inhibition of the neutral protease was found to be time-dependent, this inhibition being released after 1.5-2 h. In contrast, the inhibition of trypsin was irreversible and this property was used to devise an assay procedure for the inhibitor. | |
| 1106979 | [Diagnostic approaches in systemic lupus erythematosus (author's transl)]. | 1976 Jan 2 | 333 sera from 295 patients were tested for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) by indirect immunofluorescence, and for their binding capacities towards "native", double stranded DNA (anti-nDNA) by a commercially available radioassay kit. 63 out of 66 SLE sera were ANA positive, and 42 were anti-nDNA positive. 267 "non-SLE" sera were also tested, originating from patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis (77), rheumatoid arthritis (86), scleroderma (40), pseudo-LE syndrome (35), and various other "collagenous" diseases (29). 120 of these 267 sera were ANA positive, while only 16 (6%) gave elevated anti-nDNA values. Thus it appears that this anti-nDNA test kit is a helpful tool for the serological diagnosis of SLE. | |
| 1274678 | Systemic lupus erythematosus in twin sisters following ten years of hyperglobulinemic purp | 1976 | Uniovular twin sisters have been diagnosed 10 years ago as having hyperglobulinemic purpura (Waldenström) at age 12. The diagnosis was documented by purpura of the lower extremities, increased gamma-globulin after serum electrophoresis, and increased 7S component upon ultracentrifugation. In addition, there was an elevated ESR, a positive rheumatoid arthritis latex test, and their LE prep. was negative at that time. At a later date, however, both of them developed polyarthritis. After 9 years for the one and 10 years for the other, their LE prep. became strongly and constantly positive, while their gamma-globulin remained within abnormal limits. | |
| 1185743 | Serum complement and immunoglobulin levels in sporadic and familial ankylosing spondylitis | 1975 Sep | Serum levels of C4, C3, IgG, IgM and IgA were measured by immunodiffusion in age matched groups of 48 sporadically encountered patients with ankylosing spondylitis, 56 with rheumatoid arthritis and 52 normal controls. Mean levels of C4 and IgA were significantly elevated in the sera of patients with sporadic ankylosing spondylitis, in comparison to normal controls. Mean IgA levels were also significantly elevated in 11 HL-A 27 positive patients with familial spondylitis but no such elevation was found in the sera of their healthy first-degree relatives with and without HL-A 27. The results of these studies suggest that humoral immune mechanisms may be involved in the pathophysiology of ankylosing spondylitis. | |
| 1155982 | Double-stranded RNA antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. | 1975 Jun | Antibodies to viral double-stranded RNA (ds RNA) have been found in 40% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 14-5% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. These antibodies were diagnostically more specific SLE than those directed against artificial polynucleotides, poly I:C and poly A:U. Although not disease specific, high titres of antibody to ds viral RNA were found almost exclusively in SLE. Serial studies failed to show that RNA antibody levels correlated with disease activity. Although of considerable interest in experimental studies on the pathogenesis of SLE, ds viral RNA antibodies are of little clinical significance in the management of SLE. |