Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6605941 | Clinical effectiveness of apheresis in the treatment of progressive systemic sclerosis. | 1983 Jul | Scleroderma is a chronic disease of unknown origin characterized by diffuse sclerosis of the connective tissue of the integument and other organs. As in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis and dermatomyositis, a variety of antibodies may be found in the serum, suggesting that immune mechanisms may be involved. In two uremic patients with scleroderma, the effects were studied of the removal, by pheresis, of antinuclear antibodies, immune complexes, and immunoglobulin factors perpetuating the inflammatory response. We used a membrane plasmapheresis with a hollow-fiber type plasmafilter (Plasmaflo, Asahi) connected online with a hemofilter for conventional dialysis. The aim of this preliminary study was to induce a remission of the edematous inflammatory phase. The correlation of a improvement in clinical response and a decrease in the levels of immune complexes or other factors of inflammation was observed. In our view membrane-plasmapheresis is a process safely carried out by the hemodialysis staff and it may be of clinical effectiveness, especially, in patients with life-threatening complications of progressive systemic sclerosis. | |
| 15615062 | Total hemolytic complement values in normal and diseased dog populations. | 1980 Aug | The optimum conditions for handling and storage of canine sera for total hemolytic complement assays were assessed. Sera from 113 normal dogs and 217 clinical admissions to the University of Pennsylvania Veterinary Hospital were assayed for total hemolytic complement levels. Normal sera had a mean value of 185 CH50 units. Sera from animals with systemic lupus erythematosus and hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, had significantly lower mean levels of complement than the normal group. Sera from dogs with generalized demodectic mange, tumors, various inflammatory diseases, hypothyroidism, seborrhea, and rheumatoid arthritis had values significantly higher than the normal population. | |
| 7395459 | Toxic encephalopathy with hyperammonaemia during high-dose salicylate therapy. | 1980 Mar | High-dose, long-term aspirin therapy easily overloads the patient's individual capacity to metabolize salicylates and may lead to complex metabolic disturbances including fulminant hepatic failure, hyperammonemia and toxic metabolic encephalopathy. In the two cases presented there was a severe outbreak of hepatotoxic encephalopathy despite the fact that the dosage of salicylates did not exceed that generally recommended for children with rheumatic diseases. The justification of high-dose salicylate therapy is discussed, taking into account the fact that children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and allied conditions may have increased susceptibility to liver damage from drugs. EEG abnormalities in these two cases corresponded to those described in other metabolic encephalopathies including Reye's syndrome. The quality of the EEG changes gives prognostic signs, but is of restricted value in establishing the etiology without the anamnestic data of salicylate ingestion. Active therapeutic measures including exchange transfusions are needed to prevent irreversible metabolic and pressure changes in the brain. | |
| 438837 | Remittent painful ophthalmoplegia: the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome? A report of seven cases and r | 1979 Mar | Seven patients with remittent painful ophthalmoplegia for which no specific local cause was found were seen during a period of five years. One had coincidental rheumatoid arthritis, and another had actinomycosis of the ipsilateral middle ear and contralateral parotid gland. The other five had no evidence of generalised autoimmune disease nor any other systemic disorder, two having separate episodes affecting each side. A history of relapsing and remitting painful ophthalmoplegia is suggestive of the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, but it is rarely possible to confirm that the lesion in the cavernous sinus is the result of non-specific granulomatous infiltration so that the diagnosis remains one of exclusion. Carotid arteriography may show narrowing of the intracavernous part of the internal carotid artery. Orbital venography may also be helpful, particularly when the carotid arteriogram is normal. We believe that the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is more common in England than is generally realised, but that its clinical features do not necessarily indicate a single pathological entity. Its recognition is important since the response to steroids, although not specific, is rapid in most patients, and the prognosis for complete recovery is relatively good. | |
| 393042 | Nepresol in the treatment of hypertension of major severity. | 1979 | Fifty patients with arterial hypertension of various causes were treated with a combination consisting of Nepresol, a beta-adrenergic receptor-blocking agent and a diuretic. Duration of treatment ranged between 3 months and 5 years. A significant reduction of blood pressure was attained in all of the cases, with a return of the values to the normal range in a high proportion of the patients. The renal function did not deteriorate during therapy, but owing to potassium loss regular potassium replacement was required in the majority of the cases. Allergic reactions appeared in two cases. Neither SLE nor rheumatoid arthritis was encountered. Positive ANF reaction and a significant elevation of the Rose-Waaler titre were demonstrated in a number of cases. The benefits as well as the hazards of the therapeutic use of hydrazine derivatives are pointed out. | |
| 856520 | The anterior heel for metatarsalgia in the adult foot. | 1977 Mar | A conservative approach to foot problems is especially useful in patients with diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, diminished circulatory changes, and those who are too debilitated for surgical treatment. If one will start with either the medial heel wedge or the anterior heel correction, some response should be evident within 4 to 6 weeks. If the response after a trial period of approximately two to three months for a heel wedge or another two to three months for the anterior heel doesn't relieve pain, then perhaps some other problem might now become easier to localize, i.e. Morton's toe syndrome, hallux valgus, soft or hard corns, or hammertoe deformities. When the anterior heel is prescribed many foot problems other than metatarsalgia will stop being symptomatic and surgery treatment can be bypassed. A physician must know about the supply of shoes in the community and, if necessary, instigate a better inventory of available shoes. In addition, it is necessary to establish good rapport with the shoe repair man so that he will not intrude in your patient rapport or alter your directions. Patients also need advice about losing weight. Frequently a loss of 15 or 20 pounds will change a patient's complaint from one of extremely discomforting daily weight-bearing to a tolerance of a fair amount of walking and at least a reduction of the complaints to a more endurable and functional level. One can't expect the shoe correction to do everything for everyone. The anterior heel isn't the whole solution to the complicated problem but it helps to have patients begin to see results in more comfort in their shoe wear. | |
| 265668 | Immunotherapy in infectious disease, autoimmunity and cancer. | 1977 | The clinical and immunologic effects of transfer factor and of levamisole were evaluated in over 200 patients with a variety of diseases. With transfer factor, the most encouraging results were observed in patients with the Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, Behcet's disease and malignant melanoma. With levamisole, the most promising results were observed in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis, rheumatoid arthritis and herpes simplex infections, especially ocular herpes. Immunologically, transfer factor usually caused conversion of skin test reactivity and conversion of in vitro tests of cellular immunity as well, whereas levamisole caused increases in skin test reactivity without a parallel change in in vitro para meters, suggesting that the two agents may have different mechanisms of action. In a limited number of patients with multiple sclerosis, reactivity to three viral antigens was found to be lower than that in normal subjects, as measured by lymphocyte stimulation. Following levamisole therapy, this reactivity increased to normal levels, but the patients did not show clinical benefit. | |
| 7153712 | The acute-phase response in (NZB X NZW)F1 and MRL/l MICE. | 1982 Oct 1 | The acute-phase plasma protein response to disease activity in murine models of autoimmune lupus-like disease was investigated by measurement of the concentration of serum amyloid P component (SAP) in NZB X W and MRL/l mice. The levels of SAP, which is a major acute-phase protein in mice, did not rise at all in response to progression of disease in NZB X W mice between the ages of 1 and 9 mo. This resembles the behavior of acute-phase proteins such as C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A protein in human systemic lupus erythematosus, and just as in human lupus, where the occurrence of intercurrent microbial infection can stimulate an acute-phase response, so injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide or casein into the NZB X W mice stimulated "normal" acute-phase SAP production. In marked contrast, MRL/l mice developed greatly increased levels of SAP, which correlated closely with progression of their pathology as they aged. The disease profile of the MRL/l strain includes rheumatoid factors and spontaneous polyarthritis and their SAP response resembles the behavior of acute phase proteins in human rheumatoid arthritis. Different patterns of acute-phase response in different autoimmune disorders may thus be a reflection of the genetic predisposition to particular diseases and/or contribute to their pathogenesis. The existence of animal counterparts for the various clinical patterns of human acute-phase protein production will assist in experimental investigation of the underlying mechanisms and of the biological role of the acute-phase response. | |
| 4032343 | [Disk calcifications in children]. | 1985 May | It is not unusual for intervertebral disk calcifications to be detected in pediatric practice, the 150 or so cases reported in the literature probably representing only a small proportion of lesions actually diagnosed. Case reports of 33 children with intervertebral disk calcifications were analyzed. In the majority of these patients (31 of 33) a diagnosis of "idiopathic" calcifications had been made, the cervical localization of the lesions being related to repeated ORL infections and/or trauma. A pre-existing pathologic factor was found in two cases (one child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis treated by corticoids and one child with Williams and Van Beuren's syndrome). An uncomplicated course was noted in 31 cases, the symptomatology (pain, spinal stiffness and febricula) improving after several days. Complications developed in two cases: one child had very disabling dysphagia due to an anteriorly protruding cervical herniated disc and surgery was necessary; the other child developed cervicobrachial neuralgia due to herniated disc protrusion into the cervical spinal canal, but symptoms regressed within several days although calcifications persisted unaltered. These findings and the course of the rare complications documented in the literature suggest the need for the most conservative treatment possible in cases of disc calcifications in children. | |
| 6230324 | Cascade filtration: clinical application in 26 patients with immune complex and IgM mediat | 1983 Nov | A new technique which allows lymphocytapheresis to be combined with cascade filtration (CF) is described in this paper. This therapeutical approach was applied for the treatment of patients affected by necrotizing vasculitis (1), inflammatory myopathies (5), Cryoglobulinemia (5), immune complex polyneuropathies (7), rheumatoid arthritis (3) and psoriasis (3 patients). Two cases of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia were also treated after the onset of the hyperviscosity syndrome. 78 procedures have been performed without any untoward effect. From a clinical point of view all patients had some improvement following treatment, thereby confirming not only the clinical safety of this therapeutical approach but also its effectiveness at least in the management of diseases which usually respond to plasma exchange treatment. Laboratory investigations showed that with CF it is possible to selectively remove IgM, immune complexes, fibrinogen, lipoproteins and high molecular weight plasma components, sparing most albumin and IgG globulins (85 and 71%, respectively). | |
| 7127905 | Acetylcholine receptor antibody characteristics in myasthenia gravis. II. Patients with pe | 1982 Aug | Anti-acetylcholine receptor (anti-AChR) antibody characteristics including light chain, IgG subclass, avidity for denervated human acetylcholine receptor and reaction with various human and mammalian AChR preparations were examined in 11 patients who developed myasthenia during penicillamine treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Results were compared with those already reported in 35 patients with generalized idiopathic myasthenia gravis (MG). We found significant differences in the avidity and the light chain of the anti-AChR. However, anti-AChR characteristics in 12 patients with recent onset (less than 4 months' duration) idiopathic MG did not differ significantly from those in patients with penicillamine-induced MG. In the patients with generalized MG a trend was found towards higher percentage of kappa light chain and higher anti-AChR avidity with duration of disease. Anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies in penicillamine-induced myasthenia gravis therefore appear to be similar to those of idiopathic myasthenia gravis of recent onset. | |
| 7009134 | Antirheumatic drugs: clinical pharmacology and therapeutic use. | 1980 Dec | With the exception of the treatment of gout and bacterial infections of joints, therapy in the rheumatic diseases remains inadequate. Although many patients gain symptomatic improvement on the drugs currently available, their impact on the underlying disease process remains uncertain. Hope for future therapeutic development is highest in rheumatoid arthritis with the second-line agents (e.g. gold, penicillamine), as unravelling their mechanism of action may lead to the design of more effective and less toxic medications. The cytotoxic agents appear to hold some promise in the therapy of vasculitis, but problems with their use have by no means been solved. In the major problem area of osteoarthritis, important gains are being made in the field of joint replacement, and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the interim has made symptoms more tolerable. Obviously much remains to be done in research in the area of antirheumatic drugs. | |
| 6447852 | Immunoprotein deposition in the cornea. | 1980 Sep | A 63-year old woman had bilateral, multi-level corneal deposits distributed as fine, discrete crystals and in dense, deep geographic patches. She had a long history of sero-positive rheumatoid arthritis. Autopsy revealed an unsuspected lymphoproliferative disorder and immune-complex disease. Histologic examination of the eyes revealed eosinophilic, PAS-positive, noncollagenous deposits in the cornea at all levels and also in the ciliary processes, pars plana, and choroid. Stains for gold, amyloid, and acid mucopolysaccharides were negative. Immunoperoxidase stains were positive for IgG most strongly, and also for IgA, kappa and lambda light chains. Transmission electron microscopy showed needle-like electron-dense extracellular particles which we presume are immunoglobulins. | |
| 425629 | [Lysosomal enzymatic changes due to intra-articular treatment with polyvalent proteinase i | 1979 Feb | In 30 cases of disease of the knee joint (9 cases of rheumatoid arthritis, 14 arthroses and 7 cases of posttraumatic postoperative synovitis), the quantitative changes of the four lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase, lactic acid dehydrogenase, cathepsin and proteins) was observed in the course of intra-articular treatment with Gordox. It was evident from the analysis of the enzyme determinations conducted within 5--30 days at various times, and from the clinical results of the treatment, that in the cured or improved cases, all four enzymes were reduced (6 patients), whereas, in 16 cases, three of the enzyme levels had decreased. The enzyme titer remained unchanged in those patients who had been treated without success. Although these results do not as yet allow any final conclusions with regard to the mechanisms of action of Gordox administered intraarticularly, they do indicate that further and even more thorough studies in this direction should be conducted. | |
| 350500 | A comparative trial of ketoprofen and ibuprofen in patients with rheumatic disease. | 1978 | A comparative controlled study was carried out in 40 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis or ankylosing spondylitis to assess the efficacy of ketoprofen and ibuprofen. Patients were allocated at random to receive either 100 mg ketoprofen twice daily or 400 mg ibuprofen 3-times daily over a period of 3 months. Subjective overall assessments of symptoms, based on rating scale scores for pain, duration of morning stiffness and inflammation, showed that there was a greater, more rapid and more sustained improvement in those patients treated with ketoprofen. Measurements of inflamed joint size and of grip strength also improved more with ketoprofen than with ibuprofen. Side-effects, notably nausea, epigastric discomfort and abdominal pain, were more frequent and severe with ketoprofen, leading to the withdrawal of 2 patients in the early stage of the trial, and were probably related to the high dosage used. Three patients receiving ibuprofen needed 7 injections of ACTH to control their symptoms. | |
| 826117 | Effect of aurothiomalate on human mononuclear blood cells cultured in vitro. | 1976 Oct | Human mononuclear phagocytes were exposed to aurothiomalate in various concentrations and at various stages in the differentiation from monocytes to macrophages in vitro. Monocytes exposed to aurothiomalate during the first 90 minutes of culture showed impaired engulfment capacity when tested 8 days after the exposure to the drug. It was found that aurothiomalate suppressed the digestion capacity in differentiated macrophages while the engulfment capacity was unaffected by the drug. During the period of differentiation from 90 minutes to 8 days of culture, exposure to aurothiomalate resulted in a dose dependent reduction in cell survival and differentiation. The effect of aurothiomalate on the blastoid transformation of lymphocytes following BCG stimulation was also tested. A strong and dose dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis was recorded. The inhibition of phagocytosis in mononuclear phagocytes and the inhibition of antigen-induced lymphocyte stimulation as demonstrated may help to explain the effect of aurothiomalate in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 939804 | Anticonnective tissue and other antitissue 'antibodies' in the sera of patients with coeli | 1976 Jun | Serum IgG specificities directed against various components of basement membrane and reticulin have been described, and their incidence in 138 patients with coeliac disease has been compared with that in 110 hospital inpatients, 100 normal blood donors, and 1441 other patients. A wide variety of antitissue specificities were observed but only a few appeared to be of any significance. The 'antireticulin' specificities have been subdivided into different groups according to their distinctive histological staining patterns. Specificity directed primarily against endothelial basement membrane was found most frequently in the sera of patients with hiatus hernia (35%) or coeliac disease (22%). The same specificity was also observed in patients with myasthenia gravis and to a lesser extent in Crohn's disease and in a mixed group of patients with unspecified organic gastrointestinal disease. An epithelial basement membrane reactivity was found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis but only rarely in other conditions. Staining of perivascular connective tissue represented a third type of 'antireticulin' specificity. It was found only rarely, although in coeliac disease this reactivity was found more frequently in combination with other connective tissue specificities. | |
| 184044 | Antibodies to BK virus structural and tumor antigens in human sera from normal persons and | 1976 Jun | Sera from 1,279 patients with various diseases were examined for the presence of antibodies to BK virus (BKV) capsid antigens. The percentage of positive sera was comparable in all the diseases except rheumatoid arthritis and chronic nephropathies, where a slightly higher prevalence was found. Sera from 952 patients with tumors were examined for the presence of antibodies to BKV tumor and capsid antigens in comparison with a matched control group of 501 blood donors. Sera from 11 tumor patients (1.15%) and from 4 normal controls (0.80%) had antibodies to BKV tumor antigen. No higher prevalence of antibodies to BKV capsid antigens was found in any cancer type except in carcinomas of the urinary bladder, where the percentage of positive sera and of sera with high titers was higher than in other groups. BKV infection is discussed in relation to its possible connection with human non-neoplastic diseases as well as with human tumors and to its activation under conditions of immunosuppressive therapy. | |
| 127555 | Breakdown of proteoglycan and collagen induced in pig articular cartilage in organ culture | 1975 Aug | Explants of articular cartilage from young pigs were maintained in organ culture for 10--16 days, and degradation of matrix was induced by retinol or complement-sufficient antiserum. The percentage breakdown of proteoglycan and collagen (as hydroxyproline release) was measured. The response of the cartilage depended on whether or not the explants were cut so as to include some of the invading marrow ('invasion zone'). In media containing retinol, cartilage lost up to three-quarters of its proteoglycan whether the invasion zone was present or not, but very little of its collagen unless this region was included. In the presence of complement-sufficient anti-serum, however, cartilage without the invasion zone was virtually unaffected, but both proteoglycan and hydroxyproline were released when invasion zone was included; here proteoglycan release began almost immediately, but there was a time-lag of 6--8 days before a substantial amount of hydroxyproline appeared in the medium. Histological examination of sample explants from the experiments supported the biochemical findings. The possible significance of the results in relation to rheumatoid arthritis is discussed. | |
| 1120999 | ara-Cytidine acylates. Use of drug design predictors in structure-activity relationship co | 1975 Apr | This manuscript if one of a series of investigations into modifying the pharmacologic properties of the antitumor, antiviral, and immunosuppressive nucleoside ara-cytidine (cytarabine, Cytosar). The present paper summarizes our studies on depot ester derivatives of the nucleoside. We are able to predict with reasonable accuracy the biological activity as measured by increased life span in the L1210 leukemic mouse from a combination of two predictor variables: (1) the solubility of the ester in water and (2) its rate of hydrolysis by the mixed esterase system of animal plasma. We have tried unsuccessfully to correlate enzymatic hydrolysis rates with an alkaline hydrolysis model. Calculated Hansch partition (p) values had a correlation of r equal to 0.86 with water solubility. These p values had no additional predictive value. Based on our results, two esters were selected for clinical trial in cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. |