Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 871090 | An X-ray analysis of adjuvant arthritis in the rat. The effect of prednisolone and indomet | 1977 Mar | A detailed evaluation has been made of the radiological changes occurring in the hindfeet of rats with adjuvant arthritis from 0 to 50 days after injection with Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA). The results were compared with concomitant foot swelling and the presence of histopathological abnormalities at the end of the experiment. In addition, the effects of oral administration of prednisolone and indomethacin administered either from one day before injection with FCA to 21 days afterwards, or from 21 to 35 days after injection with FCA, has been investigated on all these changes. The main radiological changes were osteoporosis of the tarsals and metatarsals, erosions of the tarsals and periosteal reactions in the metatarsals which were visible on day 10 and progressed up until 21-24 days after injection with FCA. Cystic fibrosis was noted in the metatarsals on day 14 and in the tibia, fibula and tarsals on day 21 and progressed to become the dominant abnormality by day 35. Cystic fibrosis and subsequent calcification, which was apparent on day 35, were the main features of the disease when the animals were killed on day 50. 10 and 30 mg/kg prednisolone and 0.3 and 3 mg/kg indomethacin both reduced the total X-ray score when administered either from day - 1 to 21, or from day 21-35, but did not at any time inhibit the osteoporosis or erosions. Their effect was mainly on preventing the cystic fibrosis and calcification which occurred later in the disease. Prednisolone and indomethacin also reduced the periosteal reaction when administered from one day before injection with FCA, but they were inactive in this respect when dosing was started on day 21 when the periosteal reaction was well established. Therefore, the results suggest that prednisolone and indomethacin inhibit the later sequelae of the disease and do not interfere with either the initial events or the disease process itself. There was a good correlation between the toal X-ray score, foot size and total histopathology score at the end of the experiment, and also an apparent correlation between total X-ray score and foot size throughout the experiment. Although this suggests that foot size is sufficient to indicate the overall reaction in adjuvant arthritis, X-ray analysis may detect clinically useful anti-rheumatoid activity which might not be evident from measurements of foot size alone. | |
| 6775665 | An investigation of the effect of anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid drugs in cell-medi | 1980 Jun | Guinea-pigs were sensitized by intra-articular injection of M. tuberculosis (2.0 mg) into one knee joint and arthritis induced in the opposite knee 21 days later by intra-articular injection of antigen (0.2 mg). The time course off the arthritic changes was followed for 25 days by assessment of knee swelling and hind-limb flexion. Twenty-eight days after challenge the experiment was terminated and radiographic changes evaluated by means of a microfocal X-ray unit. The effect of treatment with the anti-rheumatic drugs, D-penicillamine (100 mg/kg by mouth), dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg i.p.), aspirin (100 mg/kg by mouth), chloroquine phosphate (30 mg/kg by mouth) and sodium aurothiomalate (2 mg/kg i.m.) given daily from 10 days after sensitization until 28 days after challenge was assessed. Changes in joint swelling and hind-limb flexion were maximal 1-3 days after challenge. None of the drug treatments influenced these parameters. Microfocal radiography showed marked changes in arthritis animals of all X-ray parameters measured. It was possible readily to identify joint erosion, trabecular loss and associated osteoporosis, the latter occurring proximal to and relatively remote from the affected joint. None of the treatments prevented the radiographic changes but exacerbation of trabecular number in the area of the epiphysis was seen with aspirin and D-penicillamine and of trabecular density further up the shaft of the femur was seen with D-penicillamine. The changes with D-penicillamine may reflect the potentiation of cell-mediated hypersensitivity with this drug reported by other workers. It was concluded that the model is not suitable for the detection of clinically active anti-rheumatic drugs but that microfocal radiography provides a sensitive index for the assessment of joint damage in small animals. | |
| 6467720 | Presentation of malignancy by metastasis to the carpal navicular bone. | 1984 Sep | Although peripheral metastases of many malignancies to bone are common, metastases to the hand and carpus are rare. This is the first report of a silent primary malignancy of the lung presenting as a metastasis to the carpal navicular bone. Only eight instances of carpal bone metastases secondary to all tumor sources were revealed in a search of the literature. The presentation of metastatic disease in the hand in an occult malignancy may be deceptive, often mimicking pulp space infection, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, gout, acute rheumatoid monoarticular arthritis, tenosynovitis, or sympathetic dystrophy. These lesions often present as radiolucent lesions; histologic findings are consistent with the tumor of origin. Treatment is palliative and consists of resection or amputation. Radiotherapy should be avoided in the hand due to secondary fibrosis and scarring. | |
| 4064542 | Kaolinosis: a radiological review. | 1985 Nov | A short account of the industrial process used to produce kaolin is given. The chest radiographs of 68 selected cases of kaolinosis were reviewed and the radiological appearances are presented. We also describe two cases of Caplan's syndrome occurring in kaolinosis. | |
| 4071439 | [State of microcirculation and the system of hemostasis in Sjögren's disease, Sjögren's | 1985 | Microcirculation and hemocoagulation were examined in 88 patients with Sjögren's disease and Sjögren's syndrome (SD and SS) in 20 patients with chronic parenchymatous parotitis (CPP) without a "dry syndrome", and in 20 healthy donors by conjunctival angioscopy, capillaroscopy of the nail matrix, and histological study of the salivary glands. Hemostasis was explored with the use of 37 tests. SD and SS patients manifested significantly more pronounced microcirculatory disorders versus donors (P less than 0.001) and CPP patients (P less than 0.001). In patients with hypergammaglobulinemic purpura, microcirculatory disorders were found to be enhanced (P less than 0.05). An indirect relationship between these disorders and the degree of lacrimation lowering was established. Intravascular disturbances increased as the process activity rose and diminished under the effect of prednisolone therapy. It is assumed that microcirculatory and hemocoagulation disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of SD and SS. | |
| 3969261 | Light and electron microscopical study of the conjunctiva in sicca syndrome. | 1985 | Conjunctival biopsies of 11 patients with sicca syndrome were studied under light and transmission electron microscopy. The notable findings were vasculitis of the conjunctival vessels. There were severe changes in the microvilli, namely a loss of microvilli and decrease in their height, measuring approximately 1,000-2,000 A, in comparison with microvilli of the control conjunctiva, measuring 4,000 A in height. There was no branching yet or fusion of microvilli. | |
| 6613546 | Nasal mucociliary clearance under various conditions. | 1983 Jul | We applied the tagged-particle method or the saccharin method or both to the nasal mucociliary clearance. There was no effect of ageing on the transport time of saccharin in control subjects of ages under 60, and 70% of control subjects of ages more than 60 had the same transport time as that obtained in younger control subjects. The significant inverse correlation between the mucociliary transport rates with the particle method and the transport time with the saccharin method were established in control subjects, but not, however, in patients with chronic sinusitis. The mucociliary transport rates were measured under non-physiologic conditions of the nose: laryngectomy, chronic sinusitis, Sjögren's syndrome, and Kartagener's syndrome. | |
| 6955809 | Treatment of Sjogren's syndrome with essential fatty acids, pyridoxine and vitamin C. | 1982 Apr | Sjogren's Syndrome (S.S.) is characterized clinically by oral and ocular dryness and immunologically by its frequent association with autoimmune diseases and the presence of various circulating autoantibodies. Evidence has been presented suggesting that S.S. may be due to a relative deficiency of PGE1 and that elevating PGE1 levels may reduce oral and ocular dryness. In an attempt to increase PGE1 levels, precursors of PGE1 including di-homo-gamma linolenic acid, ascorbic acid and pyridoxine in the form of dietary supplements were administered to 10 patients with S.S. for 10 weeks. There was no significant improvement in any of the patients during the treatment period compared to assessments done pre and post treatment. Measurements of oral and ocular dryness of 6 patients on prostaglandin synthetase inhibiting anti-inflammatory medications were similar to the 4 patients on no medication. | |
| 7071004 | [Intra-uterine detection of atrio-ventricular block in two children whose mother had Sjög | 1982 Feb 27 | A woman with isolated juvenile Sjögren's syndrome gave birth, at 3 years' interval, to two children with complete atrio-ventricular heart block (AVB). This is the first published case of AVB in children of mothers with Sjögren's syndrome without any clinical and laboratory evidence of connective tissue disease, notably lupus. Ultrasonography showed that the AVB was acquired in utero and occurred during the 23rd week of gestation. In both children the AVB was isolated, without any symptom of congenital malformation of the heart; there were no abnormalities of conduction in the mother. Early corticosteroid treatment of the mother's disease had no beneficial effect on AVB in the foetuses. Attempts to reproduce the condition experimentally met with failure. | |
| 426534 | Necrotic skin lesions associated with disseminated candidiasis. | 1979 Feb | A 69-year-old woman with Felty's syndrome developed necrotic skin lesions associated with disseminated Candida tropicalis infection. These lesions differed from the previously described erythematous macronodules of disseminated candidiasis, although histologically there was a dermal infiltrate of yeast and pseudohyphae. Clinically, they resembled ecthyma gangrenosum associated with Pseudomonas septicemia. We believe candidiasis should be included in the differential diagnosis of large necrotic skin lesions in the compromised host. | |
| 981596 | Multiple chronic benign pulmonary nodules. | 1976 Nov | Four cases are discussed in which were found unusual multiple chronic pulmonary nodules: leiomyomatous hamartomas, rheumatoid nodules, multiple histoplasmomas, and possible multiple plasma cell granulomas (hyalinizing pulmonary nodules). In each case the initial impression of metastic malignancy was countered by more than 2 years' observation, during which time the lesions appeared to be benign. Histologic examination is necessary to exclude malignancy, although a definitive diagnosis may be difficult to establish. | |
| 1083759 | Extra-articular features in early rheumatoid disease. | 1976 May 22 | One hundred and two patients who presented with rheumatoid disease within the first year of onset were studied prospectively every four months for a mean 4.5 years to assess the incidence of extra-articular features. The features that seemed to be common in the early stages included hand-muscle wasting, carpal tunnel syndrome, lymphadenopathy, non-specific ankle swelling, and rheumatoid nodules, and to a lesser extent hepatomegaly, being underweight, conjunctivitis, skin transparency, and a palpable thyroid gland. Those features which seldom occurred early included scleromalacia, temporal artery inolvement, salivary gland enlargement, distal-motor neuropathy, splenomegaly, digital vasculitis, and pulmonary and cardiac complications. Being underweight indicated a significantly more severe outcome. | |
| 2989224 | [Quantitative functional scintigraphy of the salivary glands--clinical possibilities and c | 1985 May | A special background subtraction in dynamic scintigraphy of the salivary glands enables the production of net-time-activity-curves and the calculation of quantitative parameters of each gland. Regional functional differences within a single gland are shown by phase and gradient images. The physiological kinetics of the tracer and its modifications in different diseases of the glands (acute and chronic inflammation, tumours, Sjögrens-Syndrome) are analyzed in 367 patients. | |
| 218542 | Clostridium perfringens corneal ulcer. | 1979 Apr | A corneal ulcer caused by Clostridium perfringens developed in a 76-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome. Experimental C perfringens keratitis was induced in rabbits by the intrastromal injection of 10(7) organisms. In both our patient and the experimental animals, a bullous lesion overlay the affected area of the cornea. This may be a specific lesion in clostridial infections of the cornea. Clostridium perfringens should be regarded as an opportunistic corneal pathogen, and anaerobic cultures should be performed in all cases of suspected bacterial corneal ulcer. | |
| 655570 | Head and neck manifestations of scleroderma. | 1978 May | Scleroderma has rarely been discussed in the otolaryngologic literature. A review of the records of 71 scleroderma patients admitted to UCLA Hospital during the past five years indicates that head and neck manifestations are common, occurring in 80% of these patients. The initial symptoms in 30% among them were related to the head and neck. It is the purpose of this paper to familiarize otolaryngologists with scleroderma. Although it has not been emphasized in the past, this is a disease whose early symptoms and findings may require otolaryngologic consultation and whose later course is characterized by head and neck symptoms and findings in the overwhelming majority of patients. | |
| 557944 | Elective splenectomy in the elderly patient. | 1977 Apr | This report reviews 10 years' experience with elective splenectomy in patients over 55 years of age. Of 55 patients, 25 were over the age of 65. The majority of splenectomies (41) were performed for hematological disorders exclusive of lymphoma, but including ITP, hypersplenism (both primary and secondary), Felty's syndrome and myeloid metaplasia. Sixty-eight per cent of these patients responded to splenectomy with sustained elevation of platelet counts while 70 per cent responded to sustained elevation of leukocyte counts. Sixteen of the hematological patients received a preoperative trial of steroid therapy in an attempt to alleviate leukopenia or thrombocytopenia with a 37.5 per cent (6 of 16) success rate. There was no correlation between the response to preoperative steroid therapy and response to splenectomy. These data correspond favorably to previous published material in the younger aged patients. There was no difference in the postoperative complication rate related to drainage or nondrainage of the splenic bed. However, eight other complications occurred for a morbidity rate of 14.5 per cent in addition to complications related to drainage of the splenic bed (8%). A 9 per cent (5 of 55) mortality rate was related to the patients' pre-existing diseases and appears acceptable in light of hematological response rate and quoted mortality rates for splenectomy over age 65. | |
| 962969 | Association of Sjögren's syndrome with HLA-B8. | 1976 Sep | HLA antigens were examined by microdroplet lymphocyte cytotoxicity in 31 patients with Sjögrens syndrome. Fifty percent of 22 Causcasian patients (7 of 17 females and 4 of 5 males) had HLA-B8, as compared to 21% of 1205 controls (P=0.002). The presence of HLA-B8 was not correlated with parotid salivary flow, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, or focus score. Because of its association with a number of autoimmune diseases, including Sjögren's syndrome, it is suggested that HLA-B8 is genetically liked to an immune response gene(s) that predisposes the individual to autoimmune phenomena. The expression of autoimmunity may be determined by infectious or environmental factors. | |
| 4557305 | Cell-mediated immune reactivity in liver disease. | 1972 Jun | Cell-mediated immunity has been investigated using the leucocyte migration test in 32 patients with chronic active hepatitis or primary biliary cirrhosis. Twenty-six (75%) showed reactivity to liver extract. At least two antigens are involved. Cell-mediated reactivity was confirmed in some cases using lymphocyte ;blast' transformation. There was no correlation with the presence of auto-antibodies.Cell-mediated immunity to parotid extract was shown in 10 cases (28%). This is in accord with the occurrence of the sicca syndrome in liver disease, which has been confirmed in this study. | |
| 6466186 | Actinic granuloma of the conjunctiva. | 1984 Aug | The key histologic feature of pingueculas is the presence of actinic elastosis of the conjunctival connective-tissue fibers. We describe a patient who had a pinguecula that, on pathologic examination, exhibited a prominent foreign-body giant-cell reaction in association with the elastotic fibers. The term actinic granuloma has been coined recently to designate a similar reaction in sun-damaged skin. Because the nature of the inflammatory reaction may be misinterpreted on pathologic examination as indicating the presence of microorganisms or a foreign body, both the clinician and the pathologist should be aware of this peculiar inflammatory response, which has been described on two previous occasions in patients with pingueculas. | |
| 6328773 | Advances in diagnosis and management of salivary gland diseases. | 1984 Feb | Salivary glands may be involved in a wide variety of diseases, which may be broadly grouped into (1) inflammatory, (2) noninflammatory, nonneoplastic and (3) neoplastic categories. Most inflammatory and noninflammatory, nonneoplastic diseases should be managed conservatively and symptomatically. The common exceptions are first-arch branchialcleft cysts and calculi. Neoplastic lesions always require resection if that is feasible. For benign tumors, simple excision with a cuff of normal tissue around it will usually suffice. The prevailing trend for treatment of malignant neoplasms is conservatism. No longer is the facial nerve routinely sacrificed. The resection done is dictated by the tumor size and the facial nerve is spared unless directly invaded. Postoperative radiation therapy is increasingly used. |