RABC

Browse

Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes

PMID	Title	PublicationDate	abstract
2750499	Locomotion score in rheumatoid arthritis.	1989 Jun	A total locomotion score suited for clinical evaluation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis was developed and fulfilled the 1980 criteria of WHO. The grading system distinguished a subjective score for pain and ability from an objective score for physical signs, and it assessed the upper and lower extremities separately. The total locomotion score consisted of the total subjective and total objective scores combined. The three total assessments each showed a linear relationship to Steinbrocker's four functional classes when tested in 106 rheumatoid patients with ARA criteria 5-8. The interobserver reliability was good. The multifactorial assessment data were monitored by a computer.
1906939	Intestinal mucosal permeability in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. II. Role of disease.	1991 Mar	Gut permeability as measured by the 51Cr-EDTA resorption test was determined in 56 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 73 patients with spondyloarthropathies (SpA), 18 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 97 controls (42 patients with no inflammatory rheumatic diseases and 55 healthy controls). Gut permeability was found to be increased in the 3 patient groups, partially due to the intake of antiinflammatory drugs. When only patients not taking these drugs were considered, an increased gut permeability was found in patients with SpA and IBD. In patients with RA gut permeability could not be evaluated as they were all taking antiinflammatory medication. Ileocolonoscopy with biopsies of the gut was performed in 62 of the 73 patients with SpA and disclosed subclinical gut inflammation in 21. No difference in gut permeability was found between patients with or without gut inflammation. However, when the type of gut inflammation was considered, a significant increase of gut permeability was found in patients with chronic gut inflammation compared with patients presenting acute lesions. Our findings again suggest that the chronic gut inflammation seen in SpA is fundamentally different from acute gut inflammation and possibly related to the gut inflammation of IBD.
2349434	Plasma and synovial fluid levels of granulocytal elastase-alpha-1-protease inhibitor compl	1990	Plasma and synovial fluid levels and granulocytal elastase-alpha-1-protease inhibitor complex (EIC) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay and the results compared with those in patients with osteoarthrosis (OA). It was found that the plasma and synovial fluid levels of EIC in RA patients were higher than those in OA patients. There was a positive correlation between plasma EIC level in RA patients in Lansbury's index score of disease activity, as this tends to be higher when titer of RAHA in the plasma is high. The level of EIC in the synovial fluids correlated positively with granulocyte count and alpha-1-protease inhibitor (alpha-1-PI) level, and this, too, tends to be higher when titer of RAHA in synovial fluid is high. The results suggested that the level of EIC in the plasma or synovial fluids can be a good marker for the systemic or localized activation of the granulocytes and that IgM rheumatoid factor (IgMRF) is involved in the mechanism of the release of elastase.
2134457	Technique for occipito-cervical fusion in osteopenic patients.	1990 Dec	A technique for occipito-cervical fusion in patients with upper cervical spine abnormalities and osteopenia is described and illustrated. This technique combines the use of autogenous bone graft and a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)-wire construct.
3810825	A Ge-like autoantibody in the serum of a patient receiving gold therapy for rheumatoid art	1987 Jan	A 61-year-old nulliparous woman who had never been transfused was admitted to the hospital because of severe anemia. She had been treated with gold salts for 4.5 years for rheumatoid arthritis. Because she had a negative direct antiglobulin test, an anti-Ge found in her serum was believed to be an alloantibody. Subsequent testing of her initial serum sample with autologous red cells drawn 12 months later showed them to be strongly agglutinated, indicating that she had had a transient depression of her Ge antigen and that the anti-Ge was an autoantibody. It was postulated that these transient effects may have been related to the gold therapy.
3516494	Cytotoxic activity of enriched large granular lymphocyte populations in rheumatoid arthrit	1986 Jan	Enriched large granular lymphocyte (LGL) populations and mononuclear cell populations from peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and control individuals were compared for natural killer (NK) cell activity. The NK activity of the two study groups was very similar when mean values for both cell populations were analyzed. When comparing the difference between the NK activity of the mononuclear cell and LGL populations, 44% of the RA patients demonstrated less of an increase than all of the control individuals although the percentages of LGL, Leu 11+, and Leu 7+ cells were equivalent.
3459889	Genetic markers in rheumatoid arthritis relationship to toxicity from D-penicillamine.	1986 Apr	In a 3-centre study involving 144 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a relationship between side effects from D-penicillamine and HLA antigens, allotypic markers of the IgG heavy chain (Gm) and allotypes of complement components Bf, C4A and C4B was sought. There was a significant association between proteinuria induced by D-penicillamine and the antigens DR3 and B8. However, the presence of DR2 seemed to protect against the development of proteinuria. Thrombocytopenia from D-penicillamine was significantly associated with HLA-A1 and DR4; 15 of 23 patients who possessed both antigens developed thrombocytopenia (p less than 0.001 uncorrected, approximate relative risk (RR) = 5.5). A null complement allele located at the C4B locus (C4BQO) was also associated with thrombocytopenia from D-penicillamine (p less than 0.005, RR = 17.3). Our study confirms the findings from other series which indicate that there is a genetic predisposition for the development of proteinuria from D-penicillamine in RA and suggests that this may also be the case in D-penicillamine induced thrombocytopenia.
3672015	[Radiographic study of the rheumatoid hand and etiopathogenic mechanisms of deformities. A	1987 Jul	X-rays of the hands and wrists of 100 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were compared to those of 65 control subjects matched for age and sex. Osteoarticular destruction was assessed using Larsen's index and by carpal bone deformities; ulnar deviation of the fingers (UDF) and radial deviation of carpal bones (RDC). No significant asymmetry of lesions in the right or left hands can be demonstrated, whatever the subsets of patients and osteoarticular manifestations studied. After a one year course, there is no significant difference between patients and control subjects. Only the index of carpal deformity is significantly high and the clinical course progresses between 1 and 5 years (p = 0.02). The difference becomes significant for UDF (p less than 0.01) after the disease evolves for 5 to 10 yrs. UDF is correlated with carpal osteoarticular lesions (p = 0.01) and metacarpophalangeal lesions (MCP). Different osteoarticular lesions of the hand are correlated with each other. The close correlation between UDF and RDC and MCP involvement has been confirmed by various statistical tests. Comparison of seropositive and seronegative patients with RA only reveals a more marked disturbance of MCP in the seropositive patients. Various methods of assessing osteoarticular deformities and joint destruction are discussed. Finally, the etiopathogenic mechanisms causing deformities of the hand in RA were studied, and the authors reviewed the importance of the initial involvement of soft tissues and therapeutic implications whereby prevention of disease extension using prompt local therapy is recommended.
3442963	Malnutrition in rheumatoid arthritis.	1987 Sep	A nutrition study was conducted in thirty-eight hospitalized rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Twenty-seven (71.1%) had a high likelihood of malnutrition (LOM). Laboratory and anthropometric data suggest that multiple vitamin, calory, and protein deficiencies are present. Age, female sex and a poor grip strength correlated with some indices of malnutrition. Fifteen of 18 patients with a high LOM had a bad outcome whereas 3 of 7 patients with a low LOM had a bad outcome. Malnutrition per se may be a contributing factor to increased morbidity and mortality in RA.
2488121	Missed medication doses in rheumatic arthritis patients: intentional and unintentional rea	1989 Mar	A survey of 200 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients was conducted to identify the kinds and frequencies of intentional and unintentional reasons for missed medication dose. Planned and unplanned changes in usual activity routines accounted for most of the unintentionally missed doses, while side effects attributed to the medication accounted for most of the intentionally missed doses. Patients who did not miss medication doses were different from those who did by tending to have more financial resources and social support available to them.
2763598	[The Saxon test for objective assessment of xerostomia. A contribution to the diagnosis of	1989 Jun 1	In 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in a control group of 100 test persons with healthy joints who were exactly equal concerning age and sex with the help of a simple method (back-weighing of a sponge after defined retention time in the oral cavity) the secretion of the saliva was measured. According to the test variant in 9-10 patients and 0-1 controls, respectively, pathologic values were found. In comparison to other symptoms which are characteristic for the presence of a Sjogren syndrome, an average sensitivity and high specifity could be ascribed to the test for the evidence of a functional disturbance of the salivary glands.
3263865	Serum levels of interleukin-2 receptor and activity of rheumatic diseases characterized by	1988 Nov	Levels of interleukin-2 receptors (IL-2R), as measured by a double-antibody "sandwich" enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique, were markedly elevated in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and bacterial endocarditis, but not in patients with acute gout. Serum levels of IL-2R correlated strongly with clinical and laboratory indicators of disease activity in patients with lupus and in those with rheumatoid arthritis. This relationship was confirmed by sequential determinations in individual patients. Serum IL-2R values correlated with disease activity better than did the Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Our findings indicate that serum levels of IL-2R may serve as a reliable serologic indicator of disease activity in inflammatory diseases characterized by immune system activation.
2545778	Platelet-derived growth factor and IL-1 interactions in rheumatoid arthritis. Regulation o	1989 Aug 1	We show that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and IL-1 interact in both a synergistic and antagonistic manner to regulate synovial fibroblast-like cells (synoviocytes) derived from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. PDGF and IL-1 operated synergistically in vitro to stimulate synoviocyte proliferation in the presence of indomethacin. However, when these same cells were treated with PDGF and IL-1 in the absence of indomethacin, IL-1 inhibited PDGF-stimulated synoviocyte proliferation. Moreover, exogenous PGE2, a PG known to be produced in response to IL-1, dramatically inhibited synoviocyte proliferation induced by PDGF. PDGF also acted synergistically to markedly increase production of PGE2 stimulated by IL-1. This is in contrast to the antagonistic effect PDGF had on IL-1-stimulated collagenase transcription. IL-1 stimulated collagenase transcription, but PDGF did not. It in fact inhibited IL-1 stimulation of collagenase gene expression. These data differ somewhat from those reported for dermal fibroblasts. Our data further indicate that the effects of cytokines vary from one cell type to another, even amongst "fibroblasts," and illustrate the complexity of cytokine regulation of rheumatoid synoviocyte function.
3229079	Evaluation of the renal injury from gold salts and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in	1988 Sep	The urinary excretion of proteins, N-acetyl-3-glucosaminidase and leucine aminopeptidase, was measured in 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), of whom 20 subjects were on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and 30 on gold salts. No pathological changes of the above-mentioned urinary parameters have been observed in the group of RA patients, in comparison with control subjects and patients suffering from osteoarthritis treated with NSAIDs.
1678997	Effect of sulfasalazine on B cells.	1991 May	We studied the in vitro immunomodulatory effect of sulfasalazine on purified human B cells, using a reversed plaque forming cell (PFC) assay and a proliferation assay. Sulfasalazine inhibited the PFC response of B cells in a dose-dependent manner. Sulfasalazine was added to PFC culture systems at several time points after the cultures were started. A marked reduction in B cell response was seen in the early phases (0-48 hours). Staphylococcus Aureus Cowan I (SAC) induced maximal B cell proliferation at day 3. Sulfasalazine at 5 micrograms/ml depressed that maximal proliferation on day 3. This indicates that sulfasalazine inhibited an early-phase event in the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. Sulfapyridine also inhibited the PFC response, but 5-aminosalicylic acid and N-acetyl sulfapyridine had no significant effect. These findings are significant since sulfapyridine is an active moiety of sulfasalazine, which is responsible for the second line of defense in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Adding T cells or macrophages to the PFC culture system had no significant effect. Furthermore, medium containing indomethacin was used to study the effect of prostaglandin released by residual macrophages. The results indicate that sulfasalazine inhibited the PFC response without affecting T cells, macrophages or prostaglandin. Sulfasalazine apparently has a direct immunosuppressive effect on B cells.
3685355	Rheumatoid arthritis: explanatory power of specific radiographic findings for patient clin	1987 Dec	Radiographs of the hands and wrists of 201 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were scored for erosion, joint space narrowing, and malalignment. The explanatory power of these findings for measures of clinical status was studied with stepwise multiple linear regression analyses. Radiographic scores explained 59.2% of variation in physical joint count deformity scores, 58.5% of variation in limited motion scores, 22.5% of variation in grip strength scores, 20.5% of variation in button test scores, and 13.5% of variation for the American Rheumatism Association (ARA) Functional Class. Malalignment scores best explained variation in physical deformity, limited motion, and button test scores; joint-space-narrowing scores best explained variation in grip strength; erosion scores best explained variation in ARA Functional Class. When age, duration of disease, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and rheumatoid factor titer were included in the regression analyses, results were similar to those without these variables. Therefore quantitative scores of specific radiographic findings are in themselves explanatory for measures of clinical status.
3947144	Inability of rheumatologists to describe their true policies for assessing rheumatoid arth	1986 Feb	Eighty nine British and Australian rheumatologists took part in a study to discover how accurately they could describe their procedures for measuring disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis. The relative importance they attached to different clinical and laboratory variables showed a very wide variation, and these stated policies were generally poor at predicting their actual judgments when assessing 'paper patients' (r2 = 39%). Policies based on equal weighting of all variables, while also poor predictors (r2 = 41%), were nevertheless superior to their stated policies for 49 respondents. Policies calculated by judgment (linear regression) analysis were much more successful predictors (R2 = 73%). Unhurried, detailed interviews with four experienced rheumatologists provided carefully considered statements of assessment policy, but these also were poor predictors of routine assessments of outpatients (r2 = 34%) compared with policies calculated by clinical judgment analysis, even when these were applied to new data (R2 = 88%).
3619959	Determinants of axial bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis.	1987 Jul	To assess mechanisms that cause generalized osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we measured bone mineral density (BMD) by dual photon absorptiometry in the lumbar spine and femoral neck of 111 patients with RA. BMD was significantly reduced at both sites in these patients. Physical activity correlated significantly with BMD in patients with RA, and was found, by multiple regression analysis, to be a significant predictor of femoral bone density in female patients. Multiparity exerted a protective effect on lumbar bone density. Prednisolone (mean dosage 8 mg/day) was not associated with significantly increased bone loss in women, whereas higher dosages in men (mean 10.3 mg/day) were associated with increased lumbar bone loss. Reduced physical activity leading to a form of disuse osteoporosis appears to be an important factor in axial bone loss in RA.
2926403	Arthroplasty for the stiff or ankylosed knee.	1989	Twenty stiff (range of motion, less than 50 degrees) and six ankylosed knees were replaced with the posterior stabilized condylar prosthesis and evaluated after an average of 4.5 years (range, 2.5-7.5 years). There were 81% good to excellent, 11.5% fair, and 7.5% poor results. The maximum overall degree of flexion improved from an average of 60 degrees before surgery to 85 degrees after surgery. Flexion contracture was reduced from 28 degrees to 7 degrees, and the total arc of motion significantly increased from 32 degrees to 78 degrees. Less motion was achieved in the ankylosed knees. A modified inverted V-Y quadricepsplasty was a useful approach to the knee in 11 cases.
3296287	[Serum proteolytic enzymes in different clinical variants of rheumatoid arthritis].	1987	A study was made of the activity of the blood serum proteolytic enzymes in 100 rheumatoid arthritic patients. Their noticeable activation well correlated with clinical types of disease, was revealed. Maximum proteolysis values were noted in parallel with high degrees of activity, seropositivity, systemic signs, rapid progression and multiple articular lesions.