Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2874863 | Sulphasalazine for rheumatoid arthritis: toxicity in 774 patients monitored for one to 11 | 1986 Aug 16 | Sulphasalazine is being used increasingly to treat rheumatoid arthritis, though its long term safety profile has not been established in this condition. The incidence and nature of adverse effects occurring in 774 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with sulphasalazine for periods ranging from one to 11 years were therefore noted. Altogether 205 of the patients stopped treatment permanently due to an adverse effect. One hundred and fifty six (76%) of these events occurred within three months and few beyond the first year. Most events were trivial and were self limiting after withdrawal of the drug; of the potentially more serious adverse effects, 33 (66%) occurred within three months of treatment. None of the patients died or suffered lasting ill effects. It is concluded that adverse effects of treatment with sulphasalazine are generally seen within three months; though regular monitoring is desirable during that period, thereafter few worrying problems occur. | |
| 3764729 | [Amyloidosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1986 | Of 467 patients followed-up for 15 yrs, rheumatoid arthritis was complicated by amyloidosis in 47 (10%). The relationship of amyloidosis development with a high or constantly moderate activity and expression of rheumatoid arthritis and its severity was brought to light. The results of biopsies of the mucosa, kidneys and liver, autopsy and clinical findings were analyzed and correlated. An increase in the frequency of amyloidosis development was noted in patients treated with glucocorticoids whereas in patients receiving cytostatics there was not such an increase. | |
| 1710441 | Is rheumatoid arthritis in Indians associated with HLA antigens sharing a DR beta 1 epitop | 1991 May | HLA class II antigens were identified in a group of 44 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) originating largely from the north or northeast of the Indian subcontinent and resident now in east London. Compared with 67 locally typed east London Asian controls, the prevalence of three HLA-DR antigens was raised in the patients: DR1 18.2% v 6.0% chi 2 = 3.99, DR4 20.5% v 11.9% chi 2 = 1.48, and DRw10 27.3% v 8.9% chi 2 = 6.56. These differences were also found when the patients with RA were compared with a larger control group of 110 northern Indians: DR1 18.2% v 7.2% chi 2 = 4.02, DR4 20.5% v 7.2% chi 2 = 5.56, and DRw10 27.3% v 8.1% chi 2 = 9.7. Twenty five (57%) of the patients expressed at least one of these antigens. All patients were also characterised for HLA-Dw types by mixed lymphocyte culture typing. The prevalence of the HLA-DR4 associated Dw types in the patients was: Dw4 2.3%, Dw10 0%, Dw14 11.4%, and Dw15 6.8%. The DR beta 1 chains of DR1 and DRw10 together with the Dw types of DR4 other than Dw10 share amino acid residues in a region of the third hypervariable region considered to be critical in antigen presentation. It is concluded that RA in Indians is associated with these HLA antigens, and data from this study support the hypothesis of a cross reactive epitope common to HLA specificities associated with RA. | |
| 3416570 | Cricoarytenoid arthritis may be a case of emergency. | 1988 Jun | Cricoarytenoid arthritis is a frequent complication of rheumatoid arthritis. In most cases it is an insidious, progressive disorder which does not produce early symptoms. A bilateral fixation can lead to a considerable stenosis; exertional dyspnoea, however, may not be noted because mobility of most patients is restricted. We report a case of severely symptomatic cricoarytenoid arthritis in a women known to have myasthenia gravis and rheumatoid arthritis. Initially exacerbation of the myasthenia gravis, leading to severe inspiratory insuffiency was suspected. On indirect laryngoscopy, however, the correct diagnosis was made. Early diagnosis might have prevented an emergency in our patient. | |
| 2041981 | Induction of IgM and IgM-rheumatoid factor synthesis in vitro by indomethacin. | 1991 | Indomethacin, which is thought to exert its therapeutic effect by inhibiting the synthesis of PGE2, is a commonly used first-line agent in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the effect of this drug on the humoral immune response in RA remains unclear. In this study, modulation of the in vitro synthesis of IgM and IgM-rheumatoid factor (RF) by indomethacin and prostaglandin E2 was examined in 11 patients with active RA and 10 normal controls. Indomethacin at a final concentration of 1 microgram/ml significantly enhanced IgM production (P less than 0.01) and RF production (P less than 0.02) in Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC) stimulated RA cultures when compared to controls in whom no net enhancement effect was observed. In the patients, this increase in IgM production was more pronounced than the corresponding increase in RF synthesis (P = 0.078), suggesting that IgM and IgM-RF-secreting RA plasma cells have different susceptibilities to PGE2 mediated suppression. Nonetheless, addition of PGE2 (10(-8) M final concentration) to the cultures inhibited IgM and RF production to a similar degree in the patient and control cultures. These findings demonstrate that PGE2 causes suppression of IgM and IgM auto-antibody production in vitro and that inhibition of endogenous PGE2 synthesis in RA patients treated with indomethacin results in a marked increase in the production of these antibodies. | |
| 1811164 | The degradation of type II collagen in rheumatoid arthritis: an immunoelectron microscopic | 1991 Nov | Rabbit antibodies were prepared that react only with denatured type II collagen alpha-chains and cleavage products. The epitopes that these antibodies recognize reside in cyanogen bromide peptides CB8 and CB11. The antibodies do not react with triple helical collagen nor with any other collagen or protein present in hyaline cartilage (Dodge and Poole, J. Clin. Invest. 83:647-661, 1989). These antibodies can therefore be used to detect denatured type II collagen produced, for example, by enzymatic cleavage. In this study they were used to determine, at the ultrastructural level, using immunogold staining, type II collagen fibril cleavage in articular cartilages remote from synovium and pannus of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Comparisons were made with site- and age-matched healthy articular cartilages. Antibody binding was detected in the extracellular matrix, at the articular surface and in the deep zone, usually on visibly damaged collagen fibrils which exhibited a loss of the normal banding pattern of staining produced by lead citrate and uranyl acetate: binding was also observed in disrupted fibrils, sometimes at their ends. Binding was commonly associated with amorphous-looking material (and occasionally unstained sites) in the extracellular matrix which, because of the specificity of the antibody, can be identified as containing denatured or fragmented type II collagen, stained (and unstained) with heavy metals. In both rheumatoid and healthy articular cartilages, there was no antibody binding to intact well stained fibrils which exhibited a regular banding pattern. Little or no staining was detected at the ultrastructural level in normal cartilages.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 1365485 | A double-blind randomised controlled trial of droxicam versus indomethacin in rheumatoid a | 1991 | This double-blind randomized controlled trial compares the efficacy of droxicam (20mg/day) and that of indomethacin (100mg/day) administered to 20 patients (7 men, 13 women; aged 54.7 +/- 13.2 years) with active classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis during 9 weeks, after a 7-day single-blind run-in paracetamol (1,500mg/day) period. Evaluations were carried out at weeks 0 (washout), 1,2,4,6 and 9. After 9 weeks of treatment, both drugs showed a statistically significant improvement of joint pain intensity, articular index (number of swollen or painful joints and degree of involvement), duration of morning stiffness, functional capacity, and level of fatigue. Inter-treatment differences at all study intervals were not observed. Grip strength improved only in indomethacin-treated patients. Withdrawals due to lack of therapeutic efficacy did not occur. Side effects occurred in four patients from each group. One patient in the indomethacin group withdrew at the week 1 due to epigastric pain and heartburn. In conclusion, droxicam (20mg/day) seems to be as effective as indomethacin (100mg/day) in the alleviation of symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3693419 | Common pathways of degenerative arthritis of the wrist. | 1987 Nov | Carpal arthrosis secondary to scapholunate advanced collapse is described in terms of pathomechanics, radiographic features, and treatment. In addition, a differential diagnosis of carpal arthrosis is presented. Emphasis is placed on the similarity of injury patterns observed in a variety of disease processes affecting the wrist. | |
| 2525571 | Disability and coping as predictors of psychological adjustment to rheumatoid arthritis. | 1989 Jun | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have been identified as a medical population at risk for psychological disorder, largely because of the pain and functional disability that are the hallmarks of the disease. This study examined the degree to which self-reported functional disability and coping efforts contribute to psychological adjustment among adult RA patients over a 6-month period. Adaptive outcomes included maintaining a sense of worth, mastery, and positive affect despite the illness. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that increases in disability were related to decreased acceptance of illness and increased negative affect. Coping efforts were related to increases in positive affect. The findings provide modest support for the role individual coping efforts play in shaping illness-related outcomes. Although disability is not easily reversed, knowledge about coping strategies that moderate its psychological impact may provide a useful basis for designing psychological interventions to promote adjustment. | |
| 2549743 | [The humoral immune response to Epstein-Barr virus in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1989 | Antibodies to EB virus capsid antigen were assayed for by means of indirect immunofluorescence technique in the serum of 72 rheumatoid arthritis patients; the synovial fluid was tested in parallel with the serum in 18 of these patients. An authentic increase in antibody levels was revealed, as compared to healthy individuals, which is evidence of latent infection activation by EB virus. There was no correlation between the degree to which this activation was pronounced, the rheumatoid factor level in the serum and synovial fluid, and the signs of systemic disease. Half of the rheumatoid synovitis patients were found to have an authentic prevalence of antiviral antibody level in the synovial fluid over that in the serum. | |
| 3175546 | Comparison of packages for suppositories by patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1988 | Ninety-four patients with rheumatoid arthritis were asked via a questionnaire about the convenience of packages containing tablets, capsules, or suppositories for home use. Almost half of the patients stated that they had difficulty in opening packages containing capsules or tablets, and two-thirds had difficulty with the packages used for suppositories. The characteristics of six packages used for suppositories were also compared. Patients were given the packages in random order and were asked to open them and remove a suppository. Many of them were unable to open three of the packages with their hands. The evaluation of the six packages by the patients differed widely. | |
| 3259913 | Inhibition of C1q functions by RHP, a protein elevated in sera from patients with rheumato | 1988 | We have previously shown that serum levels of C1q, unbound to C1r X C1s, are elevated in rheumatoid arthritis. We have also shown that RHP, a newly described serum protein which affects the C1q-anti C1q precipitin reaction, is also present at elevated levels in rheumatoid arthritis. We now show that RHP inhibits the hemolytic activity of C1q, disaggregates C1, and inhibits the ability of C1q bound to latex beads or to aggregated IgG to enhance the oxidative metabolism of neutrophils. | |
| 3445651 | [Status of physical therapy in the treatment strategy of internal diseases]. | 1987 Dec 1 | The use of physiotherapy as traditionally successful form of therapy is not in the least satisfying in practice. The reasons for this are explained. Issuing from a general assessment of the therapy in the system medical care, principal aspects for an interdisciplinary therapy are demonstrated. Essential for a scientifically proved use of physiotherapy is the differentiation between general and specific aspects in the pathologic process made in the general nosology. The effects of the physiotherapy are shown and its significance as basis therapy is emphasized. Apart from the knowledge of the individual physiotherapeutic remedies, the use of the physiotherapy has as its prerequisite a valuation of the pathogenetic factors and actual additional conditions. Corresponding to the therapeutic aim, the physiotherapy should be conceived either as monotherapy or as a long-term, frequently multi-dimensional therapeutic programme. Essential errors in practice are the technically insufficient and inconsequent use of the treatment capacities. With the help of the recommendations for the use of the physiotherapy in the essential hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis ways are indicated how the potencies of the specialty are to be realised better than hitherto done in chronic diseases. | |
| 2773427 | [Pathogenetic mechanisms of atherogenesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1989 May | Blood lipids, peroxidation of lipids, inflammation mediators were examined in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It was found that corticosteroids cause changes in blood lipids of the atherogenic type that in association with increased levels of malonic dialdehyde, serotonin, histamine and reduced blood heparin level is the main pathogenetic mechanism of atherogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 2661569 | The subcutaneous rheumatoid nodule. | 1989 May | The subcutaneous rheumatoid nodule is a common and diagnostically significant finding in rheumatoid arthritis. The presence of these extra-articular lesions correlates with the extent of joint involvement and they are an index of disease severity. The nodules themselves may give rise to clinical problems and the indications for surgical treatment include erosion and infection, peripheral neuropathy or pain from pressure, and limitation of motion because of the location of the lesion. Less frequently, rheumatoid nodules present in patients with rheumatoid nodulosis, a variant of rheumatoid disease where the nodules themselves are the primary manifestation of the disease and surgical treatment is highly useful. While subcutaneous nodules are very characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis and its variants, they are not quite pathognomonic. Rarely, they are found in the absence of rheumatoid disease, especially in lupus erythematosus and in healthy children. | |
| 3718558 | Characterization of an expanded subpopulation of large granular lymphocytes in a patient w | 1986 May | We describe a rheumatoid arthritis patient who was found to have chronic T cell lymphocytosis and neutropenia. She had an increased number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and liver, and the expanded lymphocyte subset consisted of large granular lymphocytes with a homogeneous phenotype. Of the previously described patients with these large granular lymphocytes, almost one-fourth have had rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 2558090 | Antibodies to Epstein-Barr viral antigens in familial rheumatoid arthritis. | 1989 Aug | Serum antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were measured in members of twenty-nine families in which two or more first degree relatives had rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These patients were assessed clinically for activity of disease and their treatment recorded. A higher proportion of seropositive individuals was found among patients and affected kindred than among the non-affected groups. Antibody titres to Viral Capsid Antigen (VCA) tended to be higher in patients and affected kindred. In those individuals in whom antibody to Early Antigen (EA) was present there was a lower titre of antibody to Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen (ENBA). The results suggest that an immunoregulatory defect may exist in some patients with RA which allows for enhanced expression of EBV. | |
| 2478084 | High diagnostic value in rheumatoid arthritis of antibodies to the stratum corneum of rat | 1989 Sep | Serum antibodies to the stratum corneum of rat oesophagus epithelium, so-called 'antikeratin antibodies', have been largely demonstrated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). IgM and IgG antibodies to this epithelium were studied by semiquantitative immunofluorescence in 528 patients with perfectly characterised rheumatic diseases, including 178 with classical or definite RA. Histological analysis of IgG antibodies showed that only antibodies which produce a linear laminated pattern restricted to the stratum corneum (IgG antikeratin antibodies) are highly specific for RA; all the other labelling patterns are not disease specific. By a semiquantitative evaluation of the stratum corneum fluorescence intensity it was shown that the diagnostic value of IgG antikeratin antibodies closely depends on their titre and it was established in objective conditions that the sensitivity is 43.26% when the specificity reaches 99.14%. A high titre of IgG antikeratin antibodies was actually pathognomonic for RA. Both the histological and semi-quantitative analyses showed that IgM antibodies to rat oesophagus epithelium, though frequently detected, are of no diagnostic value, either for RA or for any other rheumatic disease that was studied. From a review of all the international reports on IgG antikeratin antibodies it was found that, to date, 4080 patients, including 1694 with RA, have been assayed for antikeratin antibodies by 11 different research groups. Analysis of all the results obtained under comparable technical conditions showed that IgG antikeratin antibodies constitute the most specific serological criterion for the diagnosis of RA. Furthermore, it was found that their incidence does not depend on disease duration: they are present in one third of rheumatoid factor negative patients with RA, and they seem to be related to disease severity or activity, or both. Their detection in the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases should become systematic. | |
| 2041483 | Hypothesis: tobacco use is a risk factor in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 Feb | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been described in 3000-5000 year-old skeletal remains from North America by Rothschild, Turner and DeLuca (1). RA was first described unambiguously in Europeans in 1800 (1). Tobacco was introduced into Europe from the New World in the 1600s, and Rothschild, Turner and DeLuca include tobacco among variables that could be responsible for the appearance of RA in Europe. Primary and secondary exposure to tobacco smoke could be etiological, along with other causal variables. Tokuhata found cigarette smoking correlated with reduced fertility in women (2). I have hypothesized that RA is a disease with initial symptoms to the gamete and gonad (3). The hypothesis predicts a significant positive correlation between primary and secondary exposure to smoking and RA. | |
| 2704983 | Standing balance in rheumatoid arthritis. A comparative study with healthy subjects. | 1989 | Standing balance was studied with use of a force platform (AMTI) in 67 subjects with classical/definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 152 healthy subjects, 67 of whom formed a group matched for sex and age. Compared with healthy subjects, RA subjects showed significantly (p less than 0.01) greater postural sway, reflected by increased area and length of sway path, differences being greatest in those tests representing a relatively high level of difficulty, involving standing on one leg, looking straight ahead. |