Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2718766 | A morphological and immunohistochemical study of lymphoid germinal centers in synovial and | 1989 Feb | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the immune complex (IC) diseases in which lymphoid germinal centers (GCs) are found in the synovial tissue. Simultaneously, patients with RA often show swelling of lymph nodes. The morphology and function of the lymph-node GCs in patients with RA is not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in morphology and immunoreactions to complement (C) components, their receptors, and IgM-rheumatoid factor (RF) between synovial GCs and lymph-node GCs in RA. Furthermore, the relationship between these immunoreactive substances and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in GCs was investigated. The tissues examined were 41 RA synovial specimens, seven RA lymph nodes with massive lymphadenopathy, and 10 non-RA lymph nodes. The number of synovial GCs was relatively decreased in comparison with lymph-node GCs in RA, and the diameter of each synovial GC was smaller than that of each lymph-node GC. The synovial GCs were edematous and less cellular, and moreover, those from RF-seronegative cases were smaller than those from RF-seropositive cases. On the other hand, the lymph-node GCs in RA were larger, more cellular and hyperplastic, but contained more tingible-body macrophages (TBMs) and neutrophils. In the GCs of both synovial tissues and lymph nodes in RA, early C components (C1q, C4, C3c, C3d), IgM-RF, and C3b receptor (C3bR) and C3d receptor (C3dR) were expressed as a lacy network by light microscopy, and were demonstrated on the surfaces of FDCs and lymphocytes, and in the intercellular spaces by electron microscopy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 1810024 | Calprotectin (the L1 protein) during surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 Nov | Calprotectin (L1) is a major leukocyte protein which is released during activation or death of neutrophil granulocytes and monocytes. Previous studies have shown that L1 may be a useful marker of disease activity in patients with adult or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, the plasma concentrations of L1 were analysed during shoulder-joint surgery in 16 patients with adult or juvenile RA. Decreased L1 concentrations were found 48 h postoperatively. Thereafter, the L1 concentrations were increased at 72 h, with a following decrease until day 14 postoperatively. In contrast, increased serum concentrations of both C-reactive protein (CRP) and orosomucoid (i.e. alpha 1-acid glycoprotein) were found at 48 h after surgery. Plasma samples obtained before and after surgery were analysed by gel filtration. Approximately 3/4 of the plasma L1 was found in fractions corresponding to the native molecule, while the rest was detected in higher molecular mass fractions. The distribution of L1 antigen in low and high molecular mass regions did not differ between the pre- and postoperative plasma samples. The L1 protein consists of light and heavy chains. Increased serum levels of the cystic fibrosis antigen, which is identical to L1 light chain, have been described in patients with cystic fibrosis. The existence of circulating free L1 chains was presently investigated in plasma obtained before and after surgery. After gel filtration of plasma samples, no free L1 chains were detected by use of enzyme immunoassay and dot blot. | |
| 3811635 | [Synovial tissue levels in comparison with synovial fluid and serum concentrations followi | 1986 Sep | Serum, synovial fluid and synovial tissue was taken from a total of 25 patients of both sexes on whom a synovectomy had been performed, after a 1, 3, 5, 6 or 7 day treatment with a daily administration of 20 mg Piroxicam (5 patients in each group) and the concentration of Piroxicam (Felden) determined. Parallel to this a part of the synovial tissue taken was histologically examined and classified. The analytical results presented here show that in the mean appr. 33% of the Piroxicam passed from the serum into the synovia, appr. 26% into the non or partially florid synovial tissue and appr. 32% into the florid or highly florid synovial tissue. Felden 20 (Piroxicam) thus fulfills the requirement of a good acting, non-steroidal, antiinflammatory substance (NSAID), namely of being available at the location of the inflammatory process. | |
| 1784884 | Rheumatic disease in a Philippine village. II: a WHO-ILAR-APLAR COPCORD study, phases II a | 1991 | Many difficulties were encountered in a population survey of rheumatic complaints in a remote village area in the Philippines affecting the reliability of estimates of population prevalence. In phase I, a simple questionnaire identified 269 adults out of 950 who had rheumatic symptoms. In Phase II, 234 or 87% of positive respondents were requestioned using a more detailed pro forma. There were 196 with peripheral joint pain, 67 with neck pain and 137 with back pain. One third attributed their symptoms to work and 127 subjects had to stop work because of their complaints. Disability, including an inability to carry loads, affected nearly 1.8% of the population. Questions designed to detect rheumatoid arthritis and gout were not satisfactorily answered. Of those with complaints, 82% indicated that they still required help for their symptoms. In phase III, 166 subjects were medically examined. Osteoarthritis of the knee was found in 25 and 17 had Heberden's nodes. There were 16 with epicondylitis; 16 had rotator cuff pain and 35 had levator scapulae insertion pain. Three of these and three others had neck or shoulder swellings related to carrying loads on poles. Definite rheumatoid arthritis was diagnosed in two subjects and gout in five. No case of ankylosing spondylitis was identified. Thus, rheumatic complaints were common in this rural community and were frequently severe enough to cause disability and loss of time from work. Health worker education is required on how to handle these problems. | |
| 2116205 | Fibrinolytic activity in the synovial membrane of osteoarthritis. | 1990 Aug | The fibrinolytic activity (FA) has been studied on the synovial membrane obtained from 16 patients with osteoarthritis (OA), 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 11 control subjects. Todd's autohistographic method, modified by Lotti, was used to investigate the FA and the monoclonal antibodies against u-PA and t-PA were used to identify the main plasminogen activator. Our results show that the FA is increased in the synovial membrane of patients with OA in comparison with the synovial FA of control subjects. In the synovial membranes from patients with RA, the FA shows different results: in some specimens FA is increased, and in others it is diminished or similar, compared with FA of samples from healthy controls. Thus, our data on synovial FA in OA confirm the previous reports, performed in vitro, on the activation of the plasmin system in this degenerative disease. The activity of the fibrinolytic system seems to participate in the cartilage degeneration and, via the activation of collagenase, to perpetuate the cartilage damage. | |
| 3629502 | [Cascade use of plasmapheresis and plasma filtration in the treatment of rheumatoid arthri | 1987 | The effect of incorporation of cascade plasmapheresis and plasma filtration in multimodality therapy was studied in 4 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The result was estimated as "excellent" (complete disappearance of clinical symptoms of the articular syndrome and normalization of the activity laboratory indices) in one patient; "good" (the reduction of clinicolaboratory activity) in 2 patients and "satisfactory" (the reduction of symptoms of the articular syndrome without changes of a degree of general activity of disease) in one patient. Cascade plasmapheresis and plasma filtration significantly improved clinical and many laboratory indices of RA activity and humoral immunity indices during treatment. A long period of observation is required to assess long-term results of the effect of this method. A great advantage of the method is a possibility of decreasing substitution protein solutions without negative effects with relation to the blood total protein level. The absence of a necessity of catheterization of central vessels, more complete blood separation into plasma and erythrocytes make cascade plasmapheresis and plasma filtration more preferable. Good tolerance of the procedure, fast improvement, a chance to avoid side-effects of drug therapy, a lower risk of allergic reactions to plasma substitutes as compared to those in plasmapheresis and lymphocytoplasmapheresis make the method promising for RA treatment. | |
| 2161460 | The effect of synovial fluid and serum on the growth of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals. | 1990 Apr | The presence or absence of natural crystal growth inhibitors in joint tissues and fluids may be important in the pathogenesis of several arthropathies. Synovial fluid (SF) has therefore been examined for inhibitors of seeded hydroxyapatite growth rate (Vo) using a pH stat system. Pretreatment of seed crystals with SF reduced growth (Vo = 56 +/- 5, control 117 +/- 141 mol/base/min/g hydroxyapatite, p less than 0.001). Addition of small amounts of serum or SF to the growth medium caused a dose dependent growth inhibition (0.04% SF reduced Vo by 16%). Pretreatment with protease, but not hyaluronidase, abolished this activity and gel filtration localized it to the 55-80 kDa fraction. A macromolecular factor(s) with potent inhibitory activity has therefore been detected. | |
| 3396246 | Pain language in fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. | 1988 Jan | Using the Italian version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MGPQ), the language of pain was assessed in three chronic rheumatic diseases, namely Fibromyalgia syndrome (FS), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Osteoarthritis (OA). The Pain Rating Index (PRI) of the MGPQ clearly allowed OA to be distinguished from RA and FS. Words of the affective and sensory subclasses were chosen more frequently in FS, RA and OA respectively. By analyzing words chosen by at least 33% of the patients, a thermal sensory descriptor arose in FS. Data from this study suggest that the MGPQ-PRI might be useful for the assessment of fibromyalgic pain in a clinical setting and during follow-up of the disease. | |
| 2171540 | Alteration of the cellular fatty acid profile and the production of eicosanoids in human m | 1990 Oct | We administered borage seed oil (9 capsules/day) for 12 weeks to 7 normal controls and to 7 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. The therapy provided 1.1 gm/day of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). GLA administration resulted in increased proportions of its first metabolite, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), in circulating mononuclear cells. The ratios of DGLA to arachidonic acid and DGLA to stearic acid increased significantly in these cells. Significant reductions in prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4, and leukotriene C4 produced by stimulated monocytes were seen after 12 weeks of GLA supplementation. The antiinflammatory effects of GLA administration observed in animal models, and the apparent clinical improvement experienced by 6 or 7 rheumatoid arthritis patients given borage seed oil in this open, uncontrolled study may be due in part to reduced generation of arachidonic acid oxygenation products. | |
| 3407663 | Pyogenic cervical osteomyelitis presenting as a massive prevertebral abscess in a patient | 1988 Feb | Pre-existing rheumatoid arthritis appeared to have masked the diagnosis and contributed to a succession of hazardous events in a 58-year-old man with pyogenic cervical osteomyelitis. A massive prevertebral abscess and near asphyxiation finally led to the diagnosis of an indolent Staphylococcus aureus infection in a course marked by antecedent staphylococcal sepsis, a series of dangerous cervical spine chiropractic manipulations in the presence of advanced bony destruction, and, ultimately, cervical spine bony collapse and gibbus formation. The absence of myelopathy despite long-standing progressive advanced destruction is noteworthy. The roentgenologic documentation of this progression was unique. This appears to be the first fully documented case of cervical spine osteomyelitis presenting as a prevertebral abscess in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3437415 | Secondary Sjögren's syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1987 Dec | One hundred and forty-three sequential, unselected patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were prospectively evaluated for evidence of secondary Sjögren's syndrome (sSS). All of them had a labial salivary gland (LSG) biopsy, since a greater than or equal to 2+ score (Tarpley's classification) was considered mandatory for the diagnosis of sSS. One hundred eleven were completely investigated. The diagnosis of sSS was established when a patient with a positive LSG biopsy (greater than or equal to 2+ score) had keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) (positive rose bengal test and/or the combination of subjective xerophthalmia and positive Schirmer's I) and/or xerostomia (subjective xerostomia and decreased parotid flow rate = [PFR]). Forty-four patients had an LSG biopsy score of greater than or equal to 2+, 28 a 1+ score and 39 a negative biopsy. Thirty-four of the 44 patients with positive biopsy had sSS, suggesting a 31% prevalence of sSS in RA. The 1+ score group represents a nonspecific category, resembling the negative biopsy group. Rose bengal test was very sensitive for sSS, whereas Schirmer's I and PFR were not. Parotid gland enlargement was unusual, and extraglandular manifestations, with the exception of diffuse interstitial lung disease, were relatively uncommon in all biopsy groups. No patient complained of xerophthalmia or xerostomia on his/her own. Anti-Ro (SSA) antibodies, detected in 23.5% of the patients with sSS, correlated well with positive LSG biopsy. Our study suggests that sSS in RA is common, benign and subclinical, requiring a positive lip biopsy and specific tests for its diagnosis. | |
| 2042005 | [Osteoarthrosis, gout and arthritis rheumatoid in internal medicine in Kinshasa]. | 1991 Feb | Rheumatic disorders are relatively rare among internal medicine out-patients in Kinshasa. Diseases encountered most often are osteoarthrosis, gout and rheumatoid arthritis. The authors report the relative incidence of these diseases and note that sites of osteoarthrosis are predominantly axial, that the clinical pattern of rheumatoid arthritis is less severe with the absence of abarticular manifestations and that gout, in contrast, does not differ from the classical features described in the literature. These findings encourage the authors to continue their study in order to better define the clinical features of rheumatic disorders in Kinshasa and in Zaire in general. | |
| 1948760 | [Pathospermia in patients with glomerulonephritis and rheumatoid arthritis treated by immu | 1991 | Two groups of patients aged 16.5-31 years with pathospermia given immunodepressants (IDS) for glomerulonephritis (group I) or rheumatoid arthritis (group II) before and/or at the moment of examination were examined. Five out of 6 patients of group I and all the patients of group II showed azoospermia. As a result of the treatment with zinc (30-90 mg of elementary zinc a day) and parlodel (2.5 mg/day) for 2-23 months, spermatogenesis improved or returned to normal in 2 patients of group I and in 2 patients of group II. It should be mentioned that out of 8 patients who turned out refractory to the treatment, 7 received glucocorticoids and cytostatics (CT) whereas among those who responded to the treatment, only 2 patients out of 4 were given CT. The reported data on the gonadotoxic dose of CT are discussed. The conclusion is made about the necessity of carrying out active treatment policy for pathospermia in patients who received IDS. | |
| 3164163 | Short-term effect of physical training on temporomandibular joint disorder in individuals | 1988 Feb | Twenty-eight individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 32 individuals with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with symptoms or signs of temporomandibular joint disorder were studied. For both diseases the individuals were divided into an experimental group (E group) and a comparison group (C group). The study included a questionnaire on dental and medical history, clinical examination of the stomatognathic system, and laboratory tests. A physical training program for the stomatognathic system was administered in the E groups, while the C groups were used as controls. All groups were followed up after 3 weeks. In all four groups the individuals reported less severity of temporomandibular joint disorder at the follow-up study after physical training. The maximum voluntary mouth opening capacity increased, and the clinical dysfunction score of Helkimo decreased in the two E groups but not in the C groups. The short-term results of this study show that physical training of the stomatognathic system improves the mandibular mobility in individuals with RA and AS and reduces the clinical dysfunction extent in individuals with RA. | |
| 2454775 | Analysis of genetic susceptibility to familial rheumatoid arthritis. | 1986 Jun | We have studied HLA-A, B, C, and DR antigens in 37 unrelated Caucasian families with multiple cases of definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). HLA-DR4 was observed in 26 of 36 probands tested (73 per cent); and six of the 10 DR4 negative probands possessed DR1. HLA haplotype sharing among affected siblings was more often observed than would be expected if RA and HLA haplotype were segregating independently (p = 0.041). In families with a DR4-heterozygous parent, the affected parent's HLA haplotype co-segregates significantly with RA among the offspring (p less than 0.005); and in families where both parents are unaffected, occurrence of RA among the offspring co-segregates significantly with DR4 haplotype (p = 0.004). Our data strongly indicate that at least one genetic determinant for susceptibility to RA resides in the HLA region, closely linked to the DR locus, or that the susceptibility determinant may be an epitope or structure that is commonly found on DR4 molecules but occasionally on other DR molecules. | |
| 3284488 | Co-trimoxazole in rheumatoid arthritis: a comparison with sulphapyridine. | 1988 Apr | The antirheumatoid activity of sulphasalazine and sulphapyridine may result from their antibacterial properties. The second line activity of sulphamethoxazole, in the form of cotrimoxazole (CTZ), has been investigated by treatment of 13 patients with RA for 24 weeks with CTZ (480 mg three times a day). The drug was found to be poorly tolerated, only five of the thirteen patients recruited completing the study. High circulating concentrations of sulphamethoxazole were found, with mean (SD) steady state serum concentrations reaching 54.02 (23.38) micrograms/ml. A significant reduction in serum IgM from 280 to 130 IU/l was observed, but otherwise disease activity remained unchanged or deteriorated throughout the course of the study. In contrast, patients with RA treated with sulphapyridine (1.25 g a day) showed improvement in disease activity. The results argue against an antibacterial mechanism of action for sulphasalazine and sulphapyridine in rheumatoid arthritis, unless this occurs at a site inaccessible to sulphamethoxazole. | |
| 3518336 | Glomerulonephritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Report of five cases and re | 1986 Feb | We reported five cases of glomerulonephritis developed in the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which had no apparent relation with therapeutic agents. Systemic angiitis was observed in patient 1 and overlapping of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with RA was implied in patient 2, while the other three patients did not show these changes. Renal biopsies were performed in all of the cases and glomerular deposition of immune complexes was suggested by both the immunofluorescent and electron microscopic findings, though the amount was variable. Furthermore, cases of glomerulonephritis in patients with RA were reviewed in the literature and classified into three groups: occurring in association with angiitis, overlapping with SLE or other collagen diseases, and developing without the above two factors. Group 3 was further divided into two subgroups according to immunologic abnormalities. All cases included in the three groups can be regarded as glomerulonephritis of RA. The cases of group 2, however, can more preferentially be considered to be caused by SLE or some other collagen disease that has overlapped with RA. Deposition of immune complexes was suggested in most of the cases examined with immunofluorescence. Various changes were seen in the glomerulonephritis of RA presented here (patients 1, 3, 4, and 5) and reviewed in the literature (groups 1 and 3). Immune complexes might be involved in the pathogenesis of glomerulitis. | |
| 1775904 | [Seronegative rheumatism of late onset. Incidence and atypical forms of spondylarthropathy | 1991 Oct | The authors reviewed the files of male patients who have been hospitalized over a 12 year period for a rheumatoid-factor negative arthritis beginning after age 50. Polymyalgia rheumatica, psoriasis or crystal-induced arthritis were excluded. The remaining 105 observations were classified according to published criteria in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), reactive arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Twenty-nine patients had RA and 29 had AS with equal numbers of axial and peripheral types. Four patients had reactive arthritis, one of them had also AS. Forty-four patients had "unclassified arthritis". Among the latter, 14 were B27 positive, 21 were B27 negative, 9 were not typed. Some features were more frequent in B27+ patients: an assymetrical oligoarthritis of the lower limbs with minimal signs of inflammation at synovial analysis or at synovial biopsy; frequent unilateral edema; marked, constitutional signs; very high ESR. Nine patients, all B27+, met the diagnostic criteria of spondylarthropathy. B27 typing thus appears relevant to the classification of late-onset, seronegative rhumatisms. | |
| 1899350 | No effect of misoprostol on renal function of rheumatoid patients treated with diclofenac. | 1991 Feb | Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can reversibly decrease renal function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To test whether orally administered prostaglandins could mitigate this decrease, we studied the effect of misoprostol in 24 RA patients during treatment with diclofenac in a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial. At baseline, 21 patients had a creatinine clearance below 80 ml/min/1.73 m2. The two treatment phases (with either misoprostol, 600 micrograms daily, or matching placebo tablets) were separated by a washout phase in which diclofenac (150 mg daily) was continued. After treatment with misoprostol/diclofenac the glomerular filtration rate was 72 +/- 5 ml/min (mean +/- standard error), and the effective renal plasma flow was 295 +/- 21 ml/min. After treatment with placebo/diclofenac, the corresponding values were 71 +/- 5 ml/min and 296 +/- 21 ml/min, respectively. We concluded that misoprostol has no effect on the renal function of RA patients treated with diclofenac. | |
| 3299683 | Postmarketing experience with auranofin in the Federal Republic of Germany. | 1986 | Data about adverse events can be particularly useful when assessing newly marketed drugs. However, spontaneous reporting of adverse events does not generally provide sufficient or highly accurate data on incidence and prevalence. In order to provide the most complete and accurate data, a postmarketing surveillance program (PMSP) for auranofin (AF) oral gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was conducted in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from December 1982 through December 1985. The objectives of the program were to observe a large population treated with AF for more than a year; to compare the safety profile of AF with experience from clinical trials; and to register rare or previously unknown adverse events. The program included 2,777 patients with RA from 928 test centers. Disease duration was less than 2 years in 29%. 2-5 in 23.2%, 5-10 in 32.5%, and more than 10 in 13.3% (no data for 2%); disease was mild or moderate in 67.4% and severe in 29.9% (no data for 2.7%). Auranofin was given 6 mg/day as either two 3-mg tablets at breakfast or 1 tablet at breakfast and 1 at the evening meal. Laboratory studies and efficacy, as indicated by increase in grip strength and decrease in number of tender and swollen joints, were monitored regularly. A total of 1,595 patients completed 1 year of treatment with AF. Withdrawals included 12.9% for adverse events, 4.2% for insufficient therapeutic effect, and 33.1% for a variety of administrative or technical reasons. The most common adverse event was alteration in stool pattern, which occurred in 22.5% of patients, compared with 46.6% in worldwide AF clinical trials. Other gastrointestinal symptoms occurred in 17.4%, compared with 22.4% worldwide. The occurrence of most adverse events in the PMSP was much less than in worldwide studies, for example: skin rash 7.3% vs. 24.2% worldwide, pruritus 4.2% vs. 16.6%, proteinuria 1.0% vs. 5.0%, and leukopenia 0.7% vs. 1.9%. These discrepancies may be explained by the method of monitoring employed in the postmarketing study, which favored the reporting of only clinically relevant adverse events. The pattern of occurrence of adverse events was similar to that seen during other AF trials, indicating that any intolerance to AF occurs primarily within the first 6 months of treatment. However, hematologic or nephrologic adverse events appear to be independent of time on therapy, with a constant monthly prevalence of about 0.1-0.2%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) |