Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2335054 | Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with inflammatory arthritis of the knee. | 1990 Mar | Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) permits visualization of anatomic structures not appreciated by conventional radiographic imaging and may quantify inflammatory disease and its progression with greater sensitivity than available techniques. We therefore compared MRI with clinical evaluation and with radiographic examination of 17 patients with inflammatory arthritis of the knee. We sought to determine anatomic integrity of bone, cartilage, menisci, and ligaments, and to quantify joint effusion and synovial proliferation. Patients studied had rheumatoid arthritis (10 patients), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (4 patients), ankylosing spondylitis (1 patient), and monoarticular arthritis (2 patients). In all patients MRI revealed clinically important abnormalities not detected by physical or conventional radiographic exams. These included proliferative synovitis (13 patients), cartilage thinning (2 patients), cartilage erosion (8 patients), bone infarction (1 patient), meniscal injury (1 patient), and synovial invagination into bone (1 patient). Also MRI indicated inflammatory disease to be quantitatively greater than had been appreciated on clinical examination or routine X-ray studies--proliferative synovitis (12 patients), erosion (7 patients), effusion (8 patients), cartilage thinning (11 patients), and ligamentous/meniscal damage (1 patient). These findings led to reassessment of anatomic staging and influenced therapeutic decision for these patients. Thus MRI provides clinically important information about joint integrity and inflammatory disease, with a sensitivity and resolution considerably beyond conventional techniques. | |
| 1707459 | Nerves in inflammatory synovium: immunohistochemical observations on the adjuvant arthriti | 1990 Dec | Previous evidence has been presented that neurogenic input may influence adjuvant induced arthritis (AA) in rats. We now present evidence of alterations in synovial nerves in AA. Nerves were studied in well perfused and fixed rats, using immunohistochemistry with the sensitive avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method and heterologous antisera to cytoskeletal protein gene product 9.5 (PGP) and the neuropeptides substance P and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP). The innervation of synovium was compared in normal rats and rats with AA. Observations concordant with what has been reported for neuropeptide nerves in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are presented. It has been suggested that neural peptide substances are reduced in nerves of synovium from patients with RA. In the AA rat a specific reduction of lining zone and sublining nerves in the synovium was noted. The AA rat model is very suitable for studying the involvement of synovial nerves in arthritis, permitting optimal preservation of immunoreactive neural epitopes. | |
| 2352764 | Rheumatoid arthritis: determination of pain characteristics and comparison of RAI and VAS | 1990 Apr | The purposes of this study were to determine pain characteristics in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to determine the relationship between the outcome of the Ritchie Articular Index (RAI) and pain intensity as measured by the visual analogue scale (VAS). The sample consisted of 30 female patients with a definite diagnosis of RA and a functional capacity of class II. The results indicated that the pain fluctuated during the day. The intensity level of present pain was lower than that of usual pain. Eight patients reported that their worse pain occurred several times/day. Ache was the word most frequently chosen by the subjects to denote their pain sensations. A high correlation r = 0.86 (P less than 0.01) was found between the scores of RAI and present pain on the VAS. This finding suggests that the pain in RA is associated with the hyperalgesic state induced by the inflammatory condition associated with RA. There was no significant correlation between blood tests like ERS, WBC and VAS or RAI. | |
| 3337878 | [Metabolism of glycoproteins and fibronectin in skin fibroblasts of patients with rheumato | 1988 Jan | The distribution in the cellular monolayer of the de novo synthetized pre-labeled glycoproteins and fibronectin upon culturing of fibroblasts in the medium with low serum content was analyzed. It was found that in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the amount of total glycoproteins on the surface and within fibroblasts is higher and in the extracellular matrix is lower than in skin fibroblasts of healthy donors (HD). However, the amount of pre-labeled fibronectin on the surface of skin fibroblasts from patients with RA was considerably lower than in those from HD This finding as well as a rapid decrease in the amount of pre-labeled fibronectin in the extracellular matrix of RA fibroblasts is indicative of a more rapid metabolism of this protein in RA. In the skin fibroblasts from HD there was a practically uniform decrease in the amount of pre-labeled fibronectin in the cellular monolayer. The presence of caseinolytic activity in the culture medium even upon the first day of cell culturing in the serum-free medium, as well as the effect of various proteinase inhibitors on glycoprotein content in the cellular monolayer provide evidence that the rate of glycoprotein and fibronectin metabolism, especially in connective tissue cells of patients with RA, might possibly be determined not only by the level of their synthesis but also by the level of proteolytic activity in the connective tissue cells. | |
| 2894913 | Sulphasalazine in arthritis--an old drug rediscovered. | 1987 Sep | Sulphasalazine (salicyl-azo-sulphapyridine) has been in clinical use for over 40 years. Although the drug was originally introduced for the treatment of 'rheumatic polyarthritis' and ulcerative colitis, it is only in the past 10 years that its value in rheumatology has been appreciated. Controlled studies indicate that the drug is an effective remittive agent in both rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. This is an area of great research interest since the drug is proving to be a useful tool for investigating the aeteology and pathogenesis of these diseases. | |
| 2442194 | Differential expression of Ia antigens by rheumatoid synovial lining cells. | 1987 Sep | The differential expression of Ia antigens was studied in freshly isolated rheumatoid nonlymphoid synovial lining cells (SLC) and rheumatoid synovial fibroblast cell lines cultured in the presence of Interferon-gamma, using a large panel of anti-Ia reagents with monomorphic or polymorphic specificities. All the HLA-DR or -DQ specificities detectable on the corresponding peripheral blood B cells were also expressed in freshly isolated SLC. However, in all instances, the number of DR-positive SLC exceeded the percentage of cells expressing DQ antigens. In addition, the epitope expression of Ia antigens varied within the DR or DQ populations of Ia molecules as revealed by polymorphic reagents. Double-label experiments or using the ingestion of Latex particles as a marker demonstrated that the synovial macrophages (type I SLC) primarily bear the DR+DQ+ phenotype, while there is an additional population of nonphagocytic SLC (previously termed type II SLC) that has a DR+ and monocyte marker negative phenotype but did not have detectable levels of DQ antigens as analyzed by both fluorescence microscopy and cell sorter analysis. This latter population frequently had a morphology showing dendritic processes and rapidly lost the expression of Ia antigens upon culture. Cells with a similar, primarily DR+ phenotype were readily obtained in synovial fibroblast cultures after treatment with Interferon-gamma. These data suggest that there are two populations of Ia+ synovial lining cells: the synovial macrophages (type I cells) with the DR+DQ+ phenotype, and cells probably related to fibroblasts with a DR+ phenotype without detectable DQ antigens (type II cells). The fact that the latter phenotype could be induced by Interferon-gamma treatment of cultured synovial fibroblasts suggests that this mediator may have a similar role in vivo in the activation of certain synovial cell populations. | |
| 2609794 | [Arthritic pain and psychological distress in patients with chronic polyarthritis]. | 1989 Sep | Pain intensity and sensory dimensions of pain experience were studied in four samples totalling 346 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 35%-61% of these patients suffer from severe pain. Arthritic pain is not automatically associated with emotional disorder. However, we met significant correlations of pain intensity with depression, trait anxiety, and state anxiety. Three hypotheses about the relation between pain and emotional state are discussed. Within one third of the patients we observed a paradoxical pain-mood pattern. Within the greater part of the patients severe pain is accompanied by considerable emotional suffering. The question of whether pain intensity is the cause of or the result from depression cannot be answered. However, predicting pain intensity from depression scores is much easier than predicting depression from pain intensity. | |
| 2281924 | Clinical significance of the immunometric measurements of hyaluronic acid. | 1990 Sep | Hyaluronic acid (HA), an unbranched high molecular weight polysaccharide can now be measured by several immunometric assays. The connective tissues are the main source of HA and it is destroyed mainly in the liver. Very high levels of HA occur in mesothelioma. Wilms' tumour and acute liver failure, and moderate increases in rheumatoid diseases, renal failure and cirrhosis. Local increased production of HA is a feature of several forms of lung disease. HA is an indicator of connective tissue turnover, of the function of the receptor mechanisms for its capture and destruction by the liver, and of the removal of low molecular weight fragments by the kidney. | |
| 1759587 | Laryngeal involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1991 | Twenty-nine female patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 30 controls were studied in order to assess the prevalence of laryngeal involvement in patients with RA and the occurrence of extrathoracic airway obstruction. Laryngeal involvement was assessed by physical examination including direct fiberoptic laryngoscopy, respiratory function tests and low-voltage radiography. Physical examination revealed laryngeal involvement in 17 RA patients (59%), extrathoracic airway obstruction was indicated by spirometry in 4 (14%) and radiography revealed pathological findings in 3 patients (10%). One or more signs of laryngeal involvement were found in 20 patients (69%). Symptoms of breathing difficulties were common (75%) among patients with laryngeal involvement. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and class-specific rheumatoid factors were not correlated to laryngeal involvement. | |
| 3411194 | Effect of cyclosporine on urinary kallikrein excretion in patients with rheumatoid arthrit | 1988 Sep | The effect of cyclosporine (6 to 8 mg/kg/day) on urinary kallikrein excretion was examined in 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis by using a radioimmunoassay for kallikrein, a product of renal tubular biosynthesis. All patients had baseline values of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) within the normal range. The group had a mean baseline kallikrein excretion of 98.30 +/- 29.98 micrograms/24 hours (mean +/- SEM), and 3 and 6 months after therapy was initiated, kallikrein excretion was 44% and 46% of baseline, respectively (p less than 0.01). The five patients who had a normal mean baseline kallikrein excretion rate (106.60 +/- 15.21 micrograms/24 hr) excreted significantly less (p less than 0.05) kallikrein 3 and 6 months after therapy was initiated (56.60 +/- 3.98 micrograms/24 hr and 34.50 +/- 11.02 micrograms/24 hr, respectively), as did one patient with an elevated baseline kallikrein. All six of these individuals completed the protocol. In a subgroup of four patients with low baseline levels (28.25 +/- 5.06 micrograms/24 hr), two individuals experienced elevations of BUN such that cyclosporine was discontinued; in the two who completed the protocol, there was some further decrement in kallikrein excretion. Kallikrein excretion increased in all patients after a 3-month washout period. During a low-dose (3 mg/kg/day) open extension study that followed the initial trial, kallikrein excretion was determined monthly. Seven episodes in which kallikrein excretion decreased in six patients by 44% +/- 18% over a 1-month interval preceded any increase in serum creatinine by 1 to 4 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 2243259 | Health status reports in the care of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1990 | We examined the use of formal health status reports every 3 months over 1 year in the clinical care of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The reports consisted of single-page, computer-generated summaries of scores derived from either the AIMS (Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales) or the MHAQ (Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire) health status questionnaires. A total of 1920 subjects from 27 community practice sites were randomly assigned to three study groups in each practice: intervention, attention placebo and control. Results showed that 55% of the physicians found the reports to be at least moderately useful as an aid to patient management, primarily for improving the doctor-patient relationship. However, no detectable differences among the three groups were seen in terms of medication compliance, number of physician visits, number of referrals, frequency of major medication changes, attitudes towards the physician, patient satisfaction or change in health status over 1 year. The failure to demonstrate objective benefits of health status reports in this study may be due to physician unfamiliarity with health status scores, failure to link the report with an office visit, the relative stability of clinical status in the subjects over 1 year and the relatively short time-frame of the study. | |
| 2403397 | A clue from a self-report questionnaire to distinguish rheumatoid arthritis from noninflam | 1990 Sep | A clue to distinguishing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from noninflammatory diffuse musculoskeletal pain is described on the basis of 2 self-report questionnaire scales, one to assess difficulty in activities of daily living (D-ADL) and a pain visual analog scale (P-VAS). Patients with RA have significantly higher scores on the D-ADL scale compared with the P-VAS scale, while patients with noninflammatory diffuse musculoskeletal pain show the reciprocal pattern. Therefore, the ratio of the P-VAS:D-ADL scores differed significantly in the 2 groups. Ratios of less than 3 were seen in 67% of RA patients versus 28% of patients with noninflammatory diffuse musculoskeletal pain, while ratios greater than 5 were seen in 27% of patients with noninflammatory diffuse musculoskeletal pain, but not in any patients with RA. This simple ratio is clearly not a diagnostic test, but provides an initial approach to diagnosis in rheumatic diseases using a self-report questionnaire. | |
| 2313668 | Adrenal secretion of cortisol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | 1990 Jan | We studied secretory activity of the adrenal gland by determining cortisol blood levels throughout a 24-h cycle at 2-h intervals in 26 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), not previously treated with glucocorticosteroids or disease modifying drugs. In patients with low erythrocyte sedimentation rates [(ESR) up to 40 mm/h] and medium disease activity (ESR between 40 and 80 mm/h), cortisol maxima and minima shifted to earlier times of the day whereas in patients with high activity (ESR higher than 80 mm/h) the circadian rhythm was lost or markedly reduced. The inflammatory activity of the RA significantly correlated with the adrenal cortisol secretion (linear regression analysis between ESR and the arithmetic mean value of cortisol throughout a 24-h cycle with a coefficient of regression r = 0.63, n = 26, p less than 0.001). The influence of mediators of inflammation, such as interleukin 1, on hypothalamic centers, stimulating the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, is discussed. | |
| 1771932 | [Helicobacter pylori colonization of the gastric mucosa in rheumatic patients]. | 1991 Nov | This study examines whether infections with Helicobacter pylori are more frequent in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis than in patients with non-inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The study furthermore examines whether the colonisation by H. pylori is favoured by antiphlogistic-antirheumatic treatment. For this purpose gastric biopsies obtained by endoscopy from 123 patients were histologically evaluated for the presence of H. pylori. 85 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were compared with 38 patients with non-inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Although an increased susceptibility for infections can be expected in persons with rheumatoid arthritis undergoing long-term antirheumatic treatment, this could not be confirmed by our results for the colonisation of the stomach by H. pylori. It is therefore statistically confirmed that rheumatoid arthritis itself and treatment with short-term effective antirheumatic drugs has no significant influence on the colonisation rate. Still it is doubtful whether any lesion associated with NSAR and H. pylori must necessarily be considered an NSAR-"induced". Future studies will have to elaborate whether NSAR in H. pylori infected mucosa will lead to higher incidence of damage. | |
| 1921823 | Pancytopenia after accidental overdose of methotrexate. A complication of low-dose therapy | 1991 Oct 7 | OBJECTIVE: Pancytopenia is an unusual complication of low-dose methotrexate therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. We report a near fatal case that followed an accidental overdose. CLINICAL FEATURES: An 80-year-old Caucasian woman with rheumatoid arthritis presented with pancytopenia and severe mucositis. She had taken her weekly methotrexate dose on four sequential days, due to an error in filling a "Dosette" box. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: Following treatment with piperacillin, gentamicin and folinic acid, she recovered completely. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose methotrexate therapy is uncommonly associated with haematological toxicity. This generally occurs in patients with known risk factors for such reactions. Patient reliability should be considered if methotrexate therapy is contemplated. | |
| 1705186 | Elastolytic activity of human blood monocytes characterized by a new monoclonal antibody a | 1990 Nov | The leucocyte elastase of human blood monocytes was investigated by applying a new monoclonal antibody which did not block the enzyme activity against elastin. In a fixed population of mononuclear cells (MNC) and using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), the human leucocyte elastase (HLE) antibody identified a subgroup of CD14+ cells which contained all the elastase activity and which could be blocked by a specific chloromethylketone elastase inhibitor. By anti-CD14 labelling the HLE positive cells were identified as monocytes and amounted to 88% of this cell type (median: range 72-96%). In a parallel study of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and control donors the elastolytic capacity of PMA-stimulated live MNC was higher for RA patients than for controls (p less than 0.02). For control donors the number of HLE+ cells correlated well to the elastolysis in the same MNC sample (Spearman's rho:0.83, p less than 0.05); in the samples from RA patients no correlation was found between the normal number of HLE+ cells and the increased elastolysis (rho: 0.54, p greater than 0.20). | |
| 1696190 | The frequency of Leu 1+B cells in autoantibody positive and negative autoimmune diseases a | 1990 May | There is increasing evidence supporting the involvement of Leu 1+B cells in the development of human autoimmune diseases. In this study, the frequency of Leu 1+B cells has been analysed by a multiparameter FACS machine in newborn cord blood, and in the peripheral blood of several autoimmune patients and their healthy adult controls. Higher frequencies were observed in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in newborn cord blood compared to control adults and seronegative RA. No relationship was observed between the frequency of Leu 1+B cells, and the age, sex and medication of the subjects. | |
| 3206282 | Occipito-cervical fusion reinforced by Luque's segmental spinal instrumentation for rheuma | 1988 Nov | Thirteen rheumatoid patients who suffered from severe neck-occipital pain with or without myelopathy due to cranio-cervical instability, were operated on using a modified U-shaped rod. Twelve of them concomitantly had lower cervical rheumatoid lesions. Average extent of fusion was 5.9 levels. Bone union was confirmed in twelve cases in which autogenous bone graft had been used at approximately 4 months postoperatively; methylmethacrylate was used in the remaining one case. Good alignment of the cervical spine also was obtained in 12 cases; one patient experienced occipito-C2 shortening after an additional surgery for deep infection. Improvement of neck-occipital pain was noted in all cases, and seven of eight patients with myelopathy showed neurologic recovery. | |
| 2060161 | Tenoxicam and ketoprofen level monitoring with high performance liquid chromatography in p | 1991 Mar | A new reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique was employed in order to monitor the plasma Tenoxicam (TNX) levels in 13 patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis who were participating in a short-term, controlled, randomized, double-blind TNX (20 mg once a day) vs Ketoprofen (KPF) study. The HPLC method described by Sutterwhite was used to measure the KPF levels in plasma samples from 10 rheumatoid patients assigned to the treatment with this drug (100 mg twice a day). The mean (+/- 1 SD) steady-state plasma TNX concentration was 11.138 +/- 3.55 micrograms/ml. Twelve out of 13 patients had a drug level within the steady-state range and 8 out of these 12 patients showed clinical improvement. A synovial fluid TNX concentration slightly lower than plasma levels (11.04 vs 13.58 micrograms/ml), and TNX synovial tissue levels remarkably lower than plasma levels (1.02 vs 3.5 and 0.85 vs 4.1 micrograms/ml) were observed in three further rheumatoid patients. The mean plasma concentration of KPF (+/- 1 SD) was 3.23 +/- 2.68 micrograms/ml and only two patients showed drug levels within the therapeutic range. In some cases the lack of compliance with the treatment regimen was proved in both groups, and an explanation for the poor efficacy of the drug was provided. A positive clinical result was reached in some of the patients with low drug plasma levels, in both the TNX and KPF groups. Gastrointestinal side-effects were observed in 4 patients from both groups, 2 within the therapeutic range and 2 below. This finding confirms that several variables, in addition to the plasma drug concentration, condition the efficacy and side-effects of an NSAID. | |
| 2779206 | Phonatory reaction times of rheumatoid arthritic and normal females. | 1989 Sep | This study examined the degree to which rheumatoid arthritis affects a speaker's ability to accomplish rapid vocal fold adjustments. The phonatory initiation, phonatory termination, and manual reaction times of 14 rheumatoid arthritic (RA) and 14 normal (NL) speakers were compared during a morning and an afternoon session. In addition, electroglottographic (EGG) measures (0 Hz-10 kHz bandwidth and 30 Hz-10 kHz bandwidth) allowed us to explore the components of each subject's reaction times. For two speech reaction-time tasks, temporal measures that reflected primarily mechanical adjustments of the vocal folds were significantly longer in the RA group than in the NL group. The two groups also differed significantly on manual response time, phonatory initiation time, and medial movement initiation time. Neither group displayed evidence of laryngeal morning stiffness. |