Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2424458 | Electron microscopic study of HLA-DR and monocyte/macrophage staining cells in the rheumat | 1986 May | We examined synovial membrane samples from 6 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 3 osteoarthritis patients and from 1 normal subject, by an immunoelectron microscopic technique using anti-HLA-DR (anti-Ia) and anti-monocyte/macrophage (63D3) monoclonal antibodies. In the lining layer, the type A macrophage-like cells were strongly DR+ and 63D3+, whereas the type B fibroblast-like cells were almost completely negative. Lymphocyte-rich areas (containing more than 90% densely packed lymphocytes) showed weak and patchy DR staining of the lymphocytes. In these areas, 3-5% of the cells were macrophage-like cells which were 63D3-, a type of staining compatible with that of the interdigitating cell (IDC). In the plasma cell-containing (transitional) areas, many strongly DR+ macrophage-like cells were observed in close contact with lymphocytes and plasma cells. Ten to twenty percent of these cells were 63D3-, which suggests that they were IDC. Cells with the structural appearance of IDC were most frequently seen in those transitional areas which contained elevated concentrations (50-70%) of lymphocytes. In uninfiltrated interstitial areas, approximately 50% of the cells stained strongly with both anti-DR and 63D3 antibody, indicating that they were cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage, presumably histiocytes. This investigation has demonstrated the presence of the DR antigen in the RA synovial membrane on 1) phagocytic cells of the lining area, 2) lymphocytes and small numbers of IDC-like cells in dense, lymphocyte-rich areas, 3) large numbers of macrophage-like cells, of which some had the morphologic appearance of IDC, in transitional or plasma cell-containing areas, and 4) histiocytic cells in uninfiltrated interstitial areas. The observation of large numbers of DR+ macrophages and IDC-like cells in close contact with lymphocytes and plasma cells in the RA synovial membrane emphasizes their role in an active immune response. The observation of substantial numbers of potentially immunocompetent, DR+ histiocytic cells in uninfiltrated regions of the synovial membrane suggests that such cells may play a role in the progression of the synovial inflammatory reaction. | |
| 3534995 | The role of infections with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica in the | 1986 Jul | From 50 cases of polyarthritis with febrile onset, 3 were found with serum positive Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (YPT) at a titer higher than 1/100. Reactive polyarthritis with gram-negative germs (YPT) serologic type I, involved in their etiology have been rarely encountered especially in North Europe and in the Far East. Though the 3YPT positive cases mentioned above, presented on admission particularly severe forms of joint inflammation, under therapy with Tetracycline and Phenylbutazone derivatives the articular inflammations were cured without relapses in the 6 months of investigations. | |
| 2551311 | The response to Epstein-Barr virus infection in Sjögren's syndrome. | 1989 Aug | To assess the response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), the frequency of detection of EBV DNA was studied in salivary gland biopsies and the antibody and idiotypic response to the virus was compared with healthy controls and infectious mononucleosis (IM). Viral DNA, detected by in-situ hybridization, was found in biopsies from two out of 12 patients with SS and six out of 10 controls. IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies to the virus, measured by ELISA using synthetic peptides (early antigen and EBNA-1) and a cloned fusion protein (EBNA-1), were normal in sera from 20 patients with SS, whereas infectious mononucleosis patients showed an increase in IgM antibodies to EBNA-1 and IgG antibodies to early antigen. One similarity between infectious mononucleosis and Sjögren's syndrome was a significant increase in the germline heavy chain idiotype G6 in both diseases, suggesting activation of similar B-cell subsets. It is possible that this is due to EBV, though the low frequency of EBV DNA in biopsies and the normal levels of EBV antibodies in SS does not lend any evidence that the virus itself is the causative agent. | |
| 3175056 | A nursing perspective on the assessment of function in persons with arthritis. | 1988 Oct | The psychometric properties of two self-administered measures of function were examined: the Disability Score of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Total Health Score of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS). Data from 140 respondents were analyzed. Respondents had diagnoses of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or diabetes mellitus; resided in rural and urban areas; and were for the most part elderly, female, and white, with educational levels of high school or below. Reliabilities (test-retest and internal consistency) of both measures were high. The concurrent validity also was high. Content analysis suggested the HAQ represented the scope of nursing practice better than the AIMS. An exploratory principal components analysis confirmed that the HAQ is relevant to nursing practice. | |
| 1960683 | Heat shock proteins and human disease. | 1991 Oct | At first sight it appears unlikely that a phenomenon which was first observed in 1962 as the appearance of specific puffs in the salivary gland chromosomes of the larvae of the fruit fly Drosophila busckii following exposure to elevated temperature [1] should, nearly 30 years later, attract considerable attention from clinicians and scientists interested in such diverse phenomena as autoimmune diabetes and myocardial infarction [2, 3]. The aim of this review is to discuss the information which has been accumulated about the heat shock proteins in the 30 years since their discovery and to indicate how this information has led to studies on their possible role in human disease. | |
| 2075380 | Interleukin-2, soluble interleukin-2 receptor and tumor necrosis factor in sera from patie | 1990 Oct | Interleukin-2 (IL-2), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) have been measured in sera from 47 patients affected by classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The patients were divided into 4 groups as follows: group A, 18 patients with inactive disease; group B, 19 patients with active disease under treatment with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) and second-line drugs; group C, 5 patients with active disease under treatment with NSAID and cyclosporine A (CSA) for at least 4 months; group D, 5 patients in the same condition as patients of group C, but treated with azathioprine (AZA) instead of CSA. IL-2 was undetectable in all patients except two, both characterized by active disease. Soluble IL-2R levels were above the upper limit of the normal range in most of the patients studied, but the mean value ( +/- 1 SD) was significantly higher in patients of group B (1,288 +/- 421 U/ml) than in patients of group A (686 +/- 205 U/ml) and group C (842 +/- 414 U/ml). In two patients affected by active RA treated with pulse methylprednisolone therapy (1 g/day for 3 alternate days) the values of soluble IL-2R dropped from 948 to 662 U/ml and from 660 to 518 U/ml, respectively. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the serum level of IL-2R and the RF titre or percentage of C1q-binding activity, respectively. TNF was found within the normal range in all patients except one, who was characterized by active arthritis, high number of rheumatoid skin nodules and extremely high RF titre.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 3207387 | Adverse reproductive outcomes in women who subsequently develop rheumatoid arthritis. | 1988 Dec | The rates of adverse reproductive outcomes in 40 women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were compared with 67 of their unaffected female relatives. All women were aged between 35 and 65 years at the time of inquiry. Seven of the women with RA reported a perinatal death (six stillbirths, one early neonatal death) compared with one women in the unaffected group: estimated age adjusted relative risk (R) = 12.4, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.6-91.1. The rate of spontaneous abortions was, however, not significantly different between the two groups (R = 1.2, 95% CI 0.5-2.9). All the perinatal deaths occurred before clinical disease onset in the women with RA. It is possible that in these two groups of women with a similar genetic background perinatal loss may be related, at least in part, to disease expression. | |
| 3944671 | Rheumatoid- and osteo-arthritis: quantitation of ultrastructural features of capillary end | 1986 Jan | Joint tissues from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (3), osteoarthritis (3) and normal healthy individuals (2) were examined in the transmission electron microscope and the morphological features of capillaries within 2 mm of the synovial membrane were quantified. Weibel-Palade bodies (WPB) were significantly increased in capillary endothelial cells in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis compared with normal controls, when quantified by three different methods. WPB were positively correlated with both projections of the luminal plasmalemma and pinocytic vesicles in normal joint and some patients with rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. Pinocytic vesicles and projections were also positively correlated. | |
| 2758632 | Aberrant lectin-binding activity of immunoglobulin G in serum from rheumatoid arthritis pa | 1989 Aug | Structural studies of oligosaccharide chains of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum have revealed a specific galactosylation deficiency associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Using a two-site lectin-immunofluorometric assay, I studied the interaction of IgG with immobilized lectins. Compared with control IgG, IgG purified from RA patients' sera bound up to 40-fold more strongly to immobilized Bandeiraea simplicifolia agglutinin II, a lectin that specifically binds agalacto forms of other glycoproteins. However, inhibition studies and treatment of IgG with glycosidase suggested that only a minor part of this binding was mediated by agalacto oligosaccharides of IgG. Furthermore, these IgG samples bound even more intensively to some other immobilized lectins, including Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA). The binding to RCA was not inhibited by lactose, a hapten sugar of RCA, whereas other lectin species in solution effectively inhibited it. Compared with intact RA IgG, isolated F(ab')2 fragments displayed only low RCA-binding activity. These results indicate the existence of a carbohydrate-nondependent interaction between RA IgG and different plant lectins. With use of immobilized RCA, the lectin-immunofluorometric assay was rapid and reproducible for measuring the aberrant lectin-binding activity of IgG directly in diluted serum samples. | |
| 2455393 | Isoprinosine in the early pre-erosive stage of rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. | 1988 Mar | The etiology of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown. Virus infection is one of alleged factors initiating the disease process. In view of this, the authors undertook a trial of administration of an antiviral and immunostimulating preparation - isoprinosine, given in the early phase of the disease prior to the development of erosions. Isoprinosine was given to ten seropositive cases of rheumatoid arthritis (two males, eight females) aged 34-61 years, with disease duration from 6 months to 5 years treated previously only with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Isoprinosine was administered for 4 weeks (2 weeks of 3.0 g daily and 2 weeks of 1.5 g daily). After the treatment, a statistically significant reduction was observed in the number of joints painful on pressure, the number of swollen joints, and the duration of morning stiffness. The grip strength of the left hand was increased. The ESR and serum uric acid level were not changed significantly. The titre of Waaler-Rose reaction in four patients was decreased, in two it was increased, and in four it remained unchanged. No side effects were observed during the treatment. In the light of these observations it seems worthwhile to continue further studies on the action of isoprinosine in early rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 3109868 | [Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents increase intestinal permeability]. | 1987 Jun 26 | 51Cr-EDTA activity was measured in urine and blood of patients receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSA) drug treatment and of healthy subjects and other patients (controls), after oral intake of 51Cr-EDTA, for the purpose of deciding whether NSA treatment increases urinary excretion of oral 51Cr-EDTA as an expression of increased intestinal permeability. 51Cr-EDTA activity in urine and blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (13) being treated with NSA was significantly higher (similar to results in 13 patients with Crohn's disease) than that of a control group (14) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis without such treatment (9) and patients without rheumatic disease (5). Both in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving NSA drugs and patients with Crohn's disease there was a highly significant correlation between urinary and blood activity. There was no effect of NSA drugs on renal function. The results indicate that NSA drugs increase interenterocytic permeability to an extent comparable to permeability abnormalities in Crohn's disease. | |
| 2512637 | Long-term (four year) clinical trial with tenoxicam and basis therapy in patients sufferin | 1989 | A four year clinical trial was carried out in 20 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the first six months, they received in a double-blind design either tenoxicam or piroxicam 20 mg daily (10 cases per group), in addition to basis therapy with gold salts or D-penicillamine. From months 7-48 all patients received 20 mg tenoxicam daily. Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities showed a significant improvement with both compounds. This continued in the majority of patients for the next 3.5 years of the study, compared with the corresponding ones taken at baseline. Tolerability was found to be excellent to good. | |
| 2467075 | [Opsonic and anti-opsonic effects of the synovial fluid in patients with rheumatoid arthri | 1989 | A method has been developed for the assessment of the synovial fluid (SF) complement-dependent opsonic characteristics basing on the intensity of neutrophil adhesion to SF-pretreated Sephadex granules. Examinations of 25 patients with rheumatoid arthritis have detected the lowest complement-dependent opsonization (CDD) in the patients with extraarticular symptoms. CDD showed a tendency to normalization over the course of intraarticular glucocorticoid therapy. No anti-opsonic effects of SF have been recorded. Examinations of 8 synovial exudates from patients with osteoarthrosis deformans have revealed SF CDD much higher than that in rheumatoid arthritis patients. | |
| 2259896 | A study of the effect of rheumatoid synovial fluid on proliferation and IL-2 production by | 1990 | T cells from synovial fluid (SF) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have previously been shown to proliferate less after mitogenic stimulation and produce less interleukin 2 (IL-2) than normal T cells. To test whether SF is responsible for the reduced T-cell responses, we studied the effect of inflammatory SF on peripheral blood (PB) RA and normal mononuclear cells (MNC) and CD4+ T cells and on RA SF MNC and CD4+ cells in vitro. Most rheumatoid SF present in concentrations of 50% and 5% during in vitro stimulation increased mitogen-induced IL-2 production and proliferative response by normal PB and RA MNC and CD4+ cells. Other rheumatoid SF samples did not influence the T cell responses, while only a few samples had an inhibitory effect. The results indicate that SF contain both stimulatory and inhibitory factors and that the resultant effect on T cells may depend on the net effect of these. The results do not support the hypothesis that the apparently impaired function of SF T cells is due to contact with SF. | |
| 3693832 | The treatment of ruptures of multiple extensor tendons at wrist level by a free tendon gra | 1987 Nov | We report the results of the treatment of multiple ruptures of extensor tendons to the fingers at wrist level in the rheumatoid patient by free tendon grafts. Twenty-three patients averaged 65 degrees of active motion at the metacarpophalangeal joints when seen at an average follow-up of 43 months. | |
| 3227225 | Factor analysis of the St. Mary's Hospital Sleep Questionnaire. | 1988 Oct | The St. Mary's Hospital Sleep Questionnaire was designed to evaluate the sleep of hospital patients. To gain an understanding of possible underlying factors, the questionnaire was factor analysed using data collected from 222 hospitalised rheumatic patients. The analysis did not produce a completely clear factor structure. Two factors relating to "sleep latency" and "sleep quality" emerged more clearly than the other factors produced. These factors correspond with two sleeping state factors (ease of getting to sleep; quality of sleep) that were extracted by a previous factor analysis of the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire. This suggests that the two most important aspects of subjectively perceived sleep are the process of going to sleep and the quality of sleep. | |
| 3823464 | Punctate intranodal gold deposits simulating microcalcifications on mammograms. | 1987 Apr | Some axillary lymph nodes are frequently seen on mammograms. Rarely, such nodes will demonstrate opacities that appear to be multiple punctate calcific deposits. The literature is of little guidance as to the meaning of this appearance. One report indicates that breast cancers that are manifested as extensive punctate calcifications very rarely occur in this pattern in metastatically involved axillary lymph nodes. The authors suggest that such punctate densities are much more often indicative of intranodal gold deposits and that they occur almost invariably in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have undergone prolonged chrysotherapy. This observation was confirmed in one patient and suspected in three others with similar clinical histories. | |
| 1964610 | [Interactions of sera from patients with autoimmune diseases with cDNA expressed fragment | 1990 Dec | The interaction of sera from 34 patients with different autoimmune diseases with the expressed fusion protein cloned in lambda gt11 vector (topoisomerase I--beta galactosidase) and monoclonal antibodies against enzyme was studied. It was demonstrated that 100% of Scl cases possessed positive activity against fusion protein. It was shown that this test is not absolutely specific for Scl, i. e. 57.1% of Sle and 84.6% of RA demonstrated positive activity against "topoisomerase test". Autoimmune sera had the positive activity against monoclonal antibodies for topoisomerase I. This activity was shown to be due to the presence of antiidiotypic antibodies against topoisomerase in the autoimmune sera. | |
| 2531058 | [The combination of cyclosporin A and fluocortolone in the treatment of autoimmune disease | 1989 Oct 15 | The authors report the results obtained in treatment of various autoimmune diseases using cyclosporin A (CyA) in association with fluocortolone and/or methotrexate and cyclophosphamide. In all patients treated, complete long-lasting remission of the disease both from a clinical point of view and regarding laboratory tests was obtained. In some cases, this remission has lasted for several years since onset of therapy. The results obtained demonstrate the efficacy of CyA in treatment of autoimmune diseases and show that association with fluocortolone and/or methotrexate and cyclophosphamide by exploiting the combined action of these drugs, has enabled relatively low doses to be used. These however are still sufficient to induce satisfactory immunosuppression and avoid side effects. In this context, the importance of monitoring drug blood levels is underlined, also in view of the fact that each patient has a different capacity for intestinal CyA absorption. | |
| 2310220 | Is poor pregnancy outcome a risk factor in rheumatoid arthritis? | 1990 Jan | Previous work has suggested that prior poor reproductive outcome may be a risk factor in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A case-control study of 195 women with RA and 462 control women from two different sources is presented here. No increase in rates of spontaneous abortion was seen in the women with RA; indeed a protective effect was seen with an age adjusted odds ratio of 0.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4 to 0.9). A non-significant increase in stillbirth rates was seen in women with RA, producing an age adjusted odds ratio of 1.5 (95% CI 0.7 to 3.4). No differences in rates of induced abortion were seen. Thus although hormonal and gynaecological factors are undoubtedly important in the aetiology of RA, it was not possible to confirm that prior poor reproductive outcome is a risk factor in RA. |