Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 447332 | Rheumatoid arthritis. | 1979 Jun | Why self-perpetuating joint destruction is intermittent in some patients and unrelenting in others remains largely unknown, but progress has been made in identifying the different types of clinical course and tailoring specific treatment regimens for each. | |
| 441640 | The balneotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1979 | Balneotherapy as a special form of physiotherapy has, with other measures, a definite place in the plan of treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. The range of indication for a specific application is extremely wide. It can be introduced with different therapeutic objectives and be adapted to the situation prevailing during the course of rheumatoid arthritis. Careful analysis of the individual case is necessary, in which duration, intensity of the disease, activity of the disease process, progression and stage are taken into account. An acute episode of rheumatoid arthritis with high activity of the disease process is an absolute contraindication for any stimulus therapy. It this phase of the disease the most important aim of treatment is to stop the inflammation and ankylosis. The intensely stimulating sulphur and mud baths are indicated mainly in non-progressive forms of rheumatoid arthritis and in post-arthritic arthroses without or with low activity. | |
| 986380 | Noninfectious canine arthritis: rheumatoid arthritis. | 1976 Aug 1 | Chronic unremitting, generally symmetric, erosive polyarthritis was studied in 8 dogs. The disease had clinical, serologic, radiographic, and pathologic changes similar to those of rheumatoid arthritis of man. The condition occurred mainly in smaller breeds of dogs, with time of onset from 8 months to 8 years of age, Characteristic radiographic changes were seen in the joints several weeks to several months after the appearance of the initial lameness. Synovial fluid contained an increased number of neutrophils, and synovial fluid and synovial tissues were sterile for anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, mycoplasma, chlamydia, and viruses. Corticosteroids were therapeutically ineffective in all of the cases; however, corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, and azathioprine were effective when used in combination in several dogs. | |
| 6532645 | The rheumatoid thumb. | 1984 Dec | Although the thumb is frequently involved in rheumatoid arthritis, causing significant functional loss as well as pain and deformity, much can be done surgically to alleviate the condition and restore function to the patient. It is important to understand the factors leading to the various thumb deformities. With this understanding it is possible to formulate a rational treatment programme which will benefit the patient and satisfy the surgeon. | |
| 6326329 | [Immunologic diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1984 May 3 | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease whose diagnosis was long based solely upon the demonstration of rheumatoid factors (RF) which are IgM antibodies with anti-IgG specificity. The development of modern techniques which are more sensitive and/or detect non-IgM rheumatoid factors has reduced the percentage of presumptive seronegative RA. Immunological studies of the disease also reveal other evidences of polyclonal B-lymphocyte activation: hypergammaglobulinemia, high levels of beta-2-microglobulin and circulating immune complexes, presence of various autoantibodies (anti-collagen, antilymphocyte and, in some instances, anti-nuclear antibodies). These anomalies are found, not only in the blood, but above all in the synovial fluid, which explains the low synovial complement level. The disturbances of cellular immunity cannot yet be used for diagnostic purposes, but suggest that the physiopathologic mechanism of RA involves a decreased T-suppressor lymphocyte activity and/or B-cell unresponsiveness to suppressor influences. | |
| 152967 | A critique of some of the current concepts on the immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthrit | 1978 | The interaction of polycations produced during tissue damage and C-reactive protein, and the enzymatic degradation of complement components may be positive mechanisms augmenting immune-complex/complement damage, while reduced phagocytosis and reduced chemotaxis may be negative mechanisms. In cell-mediated immunity, systems consisting of C-reactive protein, proteases, prostaglandins and immune complexes are all potentially capable of negative feedback control. | |
| 319807 | Evidence of rheumatoid arthritis in ancient India. | 1977 Jan | The scarcity of references in ancient medical literature to any disease resembling rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has led many Western rheumatologists to believe that rheumatoid arthritis is a disease of relatively recent origin. In a recent paper on this problem, Short traces the first adequate description of what was probably rheumatoid arthritis to Thomas Sydenham (1624-1689) and emphasizes that European and Greek medical literature before Sydenham's time may have confused gout and other forms of polyarthritis as manifestations of the same disease (1). Studies in human paleopathology have as yet produced no convincing evidence for the existenct of RA in ancient human remains, but Short suggested that a study of the ancient medical literature of the Eastern civilizations may provide some new information on the true antiquity of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6610507 | Alpha-1-antitrypsin types and rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 Jun | Frequencies of alpha-1-antitrypsin (Pi) phenotypes were studied in 100 female and 100 male Swedish patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis and compared with the population frequencies. A significant increase of rare Pi types (MS, MZ, MF and SZ) was found among the patients. However, the increase concerned mainly Z heterozygotes and was more strongly pronounced in male patients. The M-subtypes showed no association with rheumatoid arthritis. Previous investigations of Pi types in rheumatoid arthritis have shown somewhat variable results. The results so far indicate, however, that an association between the Z allele and rheumatoid arthritis is likely to exist, while the evidence for a relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and other Pi alleles is considerably weaker. | |
| 7384318 | Psychological aspects of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1980 Feb | This study had 3 aims: to determine whether rheumatoid arthritics had certain personality traits; to examine the relationship between psychological factors and the presence of rheumatoid factor in blood serum; and to explore the prognostic significance of psychological factors in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Within a few days of discharge, 129 in-patient rheumatoid arthritics were clinically and psychologically assessed and allocated at random to 1 of 3 forms of follow-up care. The psychological assessment included measures of personality, non-psychotic psychiatric disturbance, and attitudes and beliefs. A year later all patients were reassessed. It was found that rheumatoid arthritics were more neurotic in personality, more likely to give socially desirable responses, and more prone to psychiatric disturbance, than the general population. Seropositive patients were less susceptible to psychiatric disturbance than seronegative patients. None of the psychological variables predicted disease activity, but those patients who rated themselves as 'slow, dependent, and weak' lost more time off work in the subsequent year. | |
| 631837 | Immunopathology of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1978 Feb | The central place of immunologic aberrations in the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis is now well established. It is the nature and interactions of these aberrations that still remain to be elucidated. Among the many puzzles being studied are the uniquely self-perpetuating nature of rheumatoid arthritis immune complexes and the role of complement and the prostaglandins in joint damage and pain. | |
| 3918440 | Morbidity impact of rheumatoid arthritis on society. | 1985 Jan 21 | Classic and definite rheumatoid arthritis affects from 0.5 to 1 percent of the United States' population between the ages of 20 and 80. In the age group of 55 to 75 years, this figure increases to 4.5 percent. In addition to the pain and suffering produced by this disease, family structure is dramatically affected--the divorce rate for patients with rheumatoid arthritis is 70 percent above that for the general population. Rheumatoid arthritis also results in serious economic loss to society. In 1983, the direct cost (out-of-pocket expense for medical care) was $777 million, and the indirect cost (loss of productivity) was $215 million, with a total of approximately $1 billion. The average person with stage III rheumatoid arthritis suffers a 60 percent decline in earnings during the first six years after onset of the disease. Recent studies have indicated that the ability to remain employed depends at least as much on job-related factors as on the extent of disease or success of medical treatment. Job autonomy or the ability to control one's working conditions is the most important factor. Other important variables are education, seniority, and work that is not excessively physically demanding. Good transportation between home and job is also an essential requirement for remaining employed. There are few data available on the cost/benefit ratio of the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. An 18-month study showed a trend toward greater improvement in patients given optimal care by a team of experts in a medical center as compared with average treatment provided in the community. A study in Scotland on cost of hospitalization of 366 patients (about one half underwent surgery) showed cost benefits of xi 14,000 to xi 131,000 over a five- to 10-year period for those who returned to work. Patients who did not return to work incurred medical costs of xi 100,000. There is little question that more effective medical treatment and better rehabilitation strategies for people with rheumatoid arthritis would provide significant benefits for patients, their families, and society. | |
| 3873691 | Rheumatoid arthritis and chronic bronchial suppuration. | 1985 | Twenty-two patients with rheumatoid arthritis and severe chronic bronchial suppuration are described. In 11 patients the respiratory symptoms appeared after the onset of arthritis at an unusually late age. We discuss causes for the disease association, in particular the possibility that disease modifying drugs in rheumatoid arthritis may predispose to the development of chronic bronchial suppuration; such a possibility requires prospective investigation. | |
| 434942 | Rheumatoid arthritis in Kenya. I. Clinical observations. | 1979 Feb | 76 Kenyan Africans with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis are described. Their age, sex ratio, and pattern of joint involvement closely resembled that seen in Europe and the USA and differed from that described in West Africa and rural South Africa. However, they showed a marked lack of systemic nonarticular complications, with relatively little functional incapacity. Radiological grading was carried out on 58 cases, and the changes were found to resemble more closely those seen in an English series than in a Nigerian series. | |
| 628223 | Rest therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. | 1978 Mar | Rest therapy in rheumatoid arthritis has long been controversial. Available evidence indicates that exercise increases joint inflammation and destruction and rest reduces inflammation. Hospitalization may produce improvement in inflammation, which is sometimes marked. Fatigue, a frequent and often prominent symptom of rheumatoid arthritis, is a guide to therapy. Sufficient rest to prevent fatigue combined with appropriate physical therapy would be expected to improve the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6480070 | Current understanding of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 Jun | A full understanding of rheumatoid arthritis depends on the appreciation of clinical, radiological, immunological, genetic, biochemical, and structural mechanisms. Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by the destruction of tissue structures such as articular cartilage and bone, but may also involve tendonous tissue, artery walls, cardial structures, and sclera of the eye. Structural analysis of tissue obtained by biopsy and operation in rheumatoid arthritis patients reveals a complicated mosaic of different components, which are together responsible for the clinical symptoms and destructive nature of the disease. | |
| 7209493 | Liver disease in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1980 Jan | Patients with active rheumatoid arthritis frequently have hepatosplenomegaly and biochemical features of hepatic disease. A prospective study with liver biopsy has been carried out in a series of 31 rheumatoid arthritis patients with clinical and/or biochemical evidence of hepatic dysfunction. Four of the 31 (13%) were found to have definable chronic liver disease, normal hepatic histology or non-specific reactive changes being found in the remainder. In the large majority of patients the hepatic abnormality in rheumatoid arthritis remains functional and unexplained. | |
| 832072 | Rheumatoid arthritis: relation of serum C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation r | 1977 Jan 22 | Serum C reactive protein (CRP) levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR) were measured in 56 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Radiographical damage, based on a count of erosions, was significantly more likely to occur when serum CRP and ESR were persistently raised, irrespective of the presence or absence of rheumatoid factor. Measurements of both CRP and ESR were more helpful than either alone, but CRP was probably the more informative. Serial measurements of CRP and ESR provide a reliable means of discriminating between drugs that provide symptomatic relief only and those with a more profound effect in rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 150015 | Recent concepts on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1977 Oct | The evidence implicating an immune pathogenesis of the lesions of rheumatoid arthritis is presented under four headings: clinical, histopathological, serological and experimental. This leads to the conclusion that the disease occurs in two phases, an initial phase associated with the presence of an exogenous initiating agent and a chronic, apparently self-prepetuating phase maintained by the presence of an autoanitgen. The microbial nature of the initiating agent is considered and it is concluded that present evidence does not exclude the possibility that no single agent is responsible. | |
| 6952876 | Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. A distinct immunogenetic disease? | 1982 May | Measurement of serum rheumatoid factor (RF) by conventional methods in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has repeatedly identified a subpopulation of patients without detectable RF. Previous investigators have consistently confirmed the association of HLA-DR4 with seropositive RA, but studies of seronegative RA have been limited and contradictory. We studied 140 randomly selected patients from Alabama, all of whom had either classic or definite RA, and we were able to complete HLA typing for 110 of these individuals. Eighty were consistently seropositive (on at least 2 separate occasions) and 30 were consistently seronegative (on at least 3 separate determinations). There was no statistically significant difference between the seronegative RA patients and 123 control subjects in the distribution of DR antigens. In seropositive RA, there was a significant increase in DR4 (P less than 0.001; relative risk = 8.02; attributable risk = 49.2%) and a significant decrease in DR3 (P less than 0.001; relative risk = 0.14) and DR7 (0.01 greater than P greater than 0.001; relative risk = 0.33). The clinical data also distinguished between seropositive RA and seronegative RA; subcutaneous nodules (37.5%) and vasculitis (6.3%) were present only in seropositive RA. DR4 positively did not correlate with any of the clinical variables measured in the seropositive RA group. In contrast, DR4 in the seronegative RA group was associated with more destructive disease. The data suggest that seronegative RA represents a disease entity clinically and immunogenetically distinct from seropositive RA. Moreover, our results indicate that DR4 may be a previously undisclosed marker for disease severity in seronegative RA. | |
| 830330 | Septic arthritis: a complication of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1977 Jan | Eighteen cases of long-standing rheumatoid arthritis and superimposed pyarthrosis were reviewed to determine the most distinguishing radiographic features. Soft-tissue changes allowed earlier diagnosis in the knee and ankle joints and consisted of large asymmetrical joint effusion and fat-pad edema. Bony articular changes were more helpful than soft-tissue changes in the wrist and hip because of the paucity of adjacent extracapsular fat and were associated with delayed radiographic recognition of superimposed pyarthrosis. These changes are presumptive evidence of complicating septic arthritis and their presence necessitates needle aspiration and culture of the joint for proper definitive treatment. |