Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6859958 | Prognostic value of the type of onset of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1983 Jun | The type of onset in 235 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was acute in 69, subacute in 55, and gradual in 111 patients. The radiological destruction of the hands and feet after 7 years from the beginning of the disease was the same in all patient groups. Thus the nature of the onset of RA seems not to have any significant influence on the outcome of the arthritis. | |
| 4004962 | Etiopathogenesis of the rheumatoid arthritis-like disease in MRL/l mice. I. The histomorph | 1985 May | MRL/l mice spontaneously develop a hindlimb arthropathy, as well as a number of immunologic abnormalities, including circulating rheumatoid factors. Although previous studies have suggested that this arthropathy is primarily an inflammatory process, we performed a comprehensive histomorphologic study which indicated that inflammation is a late manifestation of MRL/l arthritis. The pathologic changes that occur in the joints of these mice can be divided into 3 stages. The first stage develops between the ages of 7 and 13 weeks and consists of synovial cell proliferation in the joint recesses. The second stage is characterized by continued proliferation of synovial cells which take on an appearance similar to that of transformed mesenchymal cells. The earliest destructive changes occur in the second stage and include marginal erosions, followed soon after by progressive destruction of articular and meniscal cartilage. The final stage is characterized by a diminution of synovial cel proliferation, extensive cartilage destruction, formation of scar tissue and fibrocartilage, and a very moderate infiltration of the synovial stroma by mononuclear and polymorphonuclear inflammatory cells. Throughout the disease progression there is a striking dissociation between inflammatory cell infiltration or exudation and tissue destruction. The histomorphologic similarities between human rheumatoid synovitis and the arthritis of MRL/l mice, as well as the presence of rheumatoid factors, make this mouse strain an excellent model for studying human rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 485577 | Airways obstruction in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1979 Jun | Owing to the report of an association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and obliterative bronchiolitis we have determined the prevalence of airflow obstruction in unselected patients with RA and normal chest radiographs. Spirometry was performed on 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 84 control subjects matched for age, sex, and smoking habits. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had significantly lower values for FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and MMEFR when compared with the controls: 39 patients had abnormal spirometry, and at least 32 showed airways obstruction. The prevalence of airflow obstruction is remarkably high, and we suggest that airway disease may be the commonest form of lung involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6872446 | The value of radiography in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1983 Jul | All radiographs of joints requested on 50 consecutive clinic patients with rheumatoid arthritis were reviewed; 1094 films were available. With few minor exceptions, all information relevant to diagnosis and medical management was provided by one view of each joint: postero-anterior hands, dorsi-planar feet, antero-posterior (AP) elbow, AP shoulder, AP pelvis and lateral flexion cervical spine. Norgaard's 'ballcatcher's' projection of the hands provided no extra information. Radiographs of the hands were consistently more sensitive in showing progression of erosion than those of the feet. Radiography of both hands and feet was required to avoid missing earliest erosions. Radiographs requested at times when drug treatment was under review did not consistently affect decisions, which were largely dependent on clinical findings. | |
| 302707 | Lymphocyte involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. Studies during thoracic duct drainage. | 1977 Jul | Grip strength, ring size, duration of morning stiffness, and the number of tender joints improved significantly in 9 patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis during prolonged continuous removal of thoracic duct lymphocytes through a surgical fistula. There was no improvement in 4 subjects in whom surgery failed to establish satisfactory lymph drainage. Reinfusion of unlabeled or 51Cr-labeled autologous lymphocytes resulted in transient exacerbation of disease activity in 3 subjects. Following reinfusion, some 51Cr-labeled lymphocytes could be found in the inflamed synovium and synovial fluid by autoradiography, and radioactivity was detected over the joints by surface counting of gamma radiation. Active rheumatoid arthritis recurred in all subjects at variable intervals after cessation of lymph drainage. These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that some of the lymphocytes in the thoracic duct lymph are essential for the continued activity of the inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 7051988 | Anglo-French contributions to the recognition of rheumatoid arthritis. | 1982 Aug | Early descriptions of rheumatoid arthritis in the English and French literature are reviewed. Charcot pointed out that the disease was recognised as distinct from gout in eighteenth century England, and pictorial evidence for this is presented. His own work on arthritis led to a series of noteworthy interactions with Alfred Baring Garrod, which are discussed. | |
| 3863518 | Total knee arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1985 | Total knee replacement in rheumatoid arthritis has evolved into a very reliable procedure for the relief of pain and restoration of function. Minimum of two year follow-ups using the most recent components and surgical techniques show that pain relief is good in 97 per cent of patients and range of motion averages 111 degrees. Although the rheumatoid patient presents many potential hazards and problems because of systemic disease most of these can be minimized or overcome by meticulous attention to pre-operative evaluation, planning, and operative technique. | |
| 6414086 | The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and the immune response. | 1983 Aug | The interrelationship among lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils appears to be an important aspect of the synovial inflammation that is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis. In a study comparing gold sodium aurothiomalate (GST) with auranofin (Au), an orally absorbed compound, both appeared to inhibit the disease process and no difference between parenteral and oral administration was observed. Another study involved two groups of nine patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis. One group underwent plasmapheresis. The second group underwent total lymphoid irradiation. Both agents appeared to inhibit the disease process. Plasmapheresis was better tolerated that irradiation. | |
| 4001893 | Low selenium level in severe rheumatoid arthritis. | 1985 | Serum selenium concentrations were measured in 87 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The serum selenium levels of the whole group of patients was significantly reduced (70.2 +/- 13.3 micrograms/l, p less than 0.001) when compared with the reference material (79.8 +/- 10.6 micrograms/l). However, the reduction was not equally pronounced in three groups of patients representing different courses of the disease. One group with an active, disabling disease of long duration had a very reduced serum selenium level (63.7 +/- 14.1 micrograms/l, p less than 0.001). Another group, with a protracted but mild disease had a slightly reduced level (74.1 +/- 10.8 micrograms/l, p less than 0.01), and a group with mild disease of short duration had a slightly but not significantly reduced selenium level (75.9 +/- 10.8 micrograms/l, p less than 0.1). Significant correlation was found between serum selenium and the number of joints with limitation of motion, number of joints with active arthritis, haemoglobin concentration and IgG concentration. No correlation was found between serum selenium and disease duration, morning stiffness, ESR, C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor titre, serum albumin, IgM and IgA. Selenium is part of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase that catabolizes peroxides which are suggested to be actively involved in inflammation. A low selenium level may thus be a further factor in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6786602 | Retinal vasculitis in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1981 May 30 | A woman with exacerbation of severe rheumatoid arthritis developed lesions compatible with retinal vasculitis. Laboratory studies confirmed the diagnosis, and the rapid clinical improvement that accompanied a fall in circulating immune complexes suggested that the vasculitis was a direct consequence of the rheumatoid disease. From these observations retinal vasculitis should probably be sought in any patient with rheumatoid disease and the vasculitis added to the list of ocular complications of rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 6102183 | Anti-RANA antibody: a marker for seronegative and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. | 1980 Mar 1 | Without prior knowledge of the diagnosis or clinical status, sera from patients with various arthritides were screened for antibody against rheumatoid-arthritis-associated nuclear antigen (RANA) with indirect immunofluorescence on cytocentrifuged Raji cell preparations. 93% of 103 seropositive rheumatoid patients had anti-RANA antibody, in contrast to 16% of 50 normal controls and a mean of 19% (10-29%) of 122 patients with other arthritides. Anti-RANA antibody was also demonstrated in 95% of 21 patients with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis characterised by symmetrical erosive peripheral polyarthritis. No correlation was found in rheumatoid arthritis between anti-RANA antibody and disease activity, duration of disease, drug therapy, or extra-articular manifestations. RANA staining was absent in a non-Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV) cell line (Ramos). In 10 rheumatoid patients, discordance between the presence of antibodies to EBV antigens (viral capsid antigen [VCA] and EBNA) ANd RANA antibody was demonstrated. Anti-RANA antibody could be a useful marker for rheumatoid arthritis. | |
| 7352462 | The epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis in Rochester, Minnesota: a study of incidence, pr | 1980 Jan | A study of the incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis conducted in Rochester, MN, during the period 1950 through 1974 revealed an average annual incidence rate of 28.1 per 100,000 population for males and of 65.7 per 100,000 for females. These rates include classic, definite, and probable cases. Age-specific rates generally increased with age. The secular trend of the incidence in males and females differed. Rates for males, although fluctuating, remained relatively stable throughout the entire 25-year period, whereas rates for females declined dramatically during the last 10 years of the study. The decline was present both in cases presenting as definite at the time of earliest diagnosis and in the probable cases. No explanation was found for the observed decline, but the authors believe that a factor introduced in the 1960s and acting selectively on females has affected the incidence rates. From recent evidence, it could be inferred that oral contraceptives and postmenopausal estrogens are likely causes. Prevalence rates for January 1, 1975, were 4.0 per 1000 for males and 10 per 1000 for females. Among adults, prevalence rates were 5.8 per 1000 for males and 13.4 for females. Mortality among the patients with rheumatoid arthritis was not different from that for the total Olmsted County population. | |
| 6336086 | Leukapheresis and pathogenetic mechanisms in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1984 | Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic, usually progressive inflammatory disorder of joints in which the immune system plays a central role in the pathogenesis. In its classic form, the synovial tissues from severely affected joints are densely infiltrated with HLA-DR bearing T-lymphocytes (primarily OKT4+/Leu3+ subset) and macrophage-like cells. Moreover, these tissues, as demonstrated by ex vivo culture, spontaneously produce high levels of a multitude of inflammatory mediators, such as collagenase, PGE2, interleukin 1 and fibroblast activating factors, indicating that the cells infiltrating the synovium are "activated". The action of these various inflammatory mediators on different target substances or cells (collagen, fibroblasts, chondrocytes, osteoclasts, etc.) most likely produce the characteristic pattern of joint pathology. Recent data indicate that this classic form of synovitis tends to be associated with peripheral anergy and other qualitative and quantitative abnormalities in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Repeated leukapheresis can induce substantial, although transient, clinical improvement in patients with these classic features, probably as a consequence of disrupting T-lymphocyte traffic. Rheumatoid synovitis, however, is highly heterogeneous, but can be categorized into subsets. For example, a subset of patients with highly active clinical rheumatoid arthritis exists which do not exhibit the classic features of disease. Synovial tissues from this patient subset are sparsely infiltrated by T-lymphocytes but contain mainly macrophages and fibroblasts, as well as prominent lining layer fibrin deposition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | |
| 6691662 | Rheumatoid arthritis and pure red cell aplasia. | 1984 Feb | Three patients with severe, deforming, and long-standing rheumatoid arthritis developed pure red cell aplasia that did not remit after withdrawal of medications, ran a chronic course, and in two patients remitted only after cytotoxic immunosuppressive treatment. An IgG inhibitor of autologous erythroid colony-forming and burst-forming unit growth in vitro was found in the serum of one patient. This specific erythropoietic inhibitor persisted in lower titer in the patient's serum even after an azathioprine-induced remission of pure red cell aplasia, indicating the possible need for maintenance immunosuppressive therapy. Chronic pure red cell aplasia may be another extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis and should be considered when severe anemia develops in the absence of blood loss or hemolysis. | |
| 4046123 | Do oral contraceptives prevent rheumatoid arthritis? | 1985 Oct 11 | Two studies have suggested that the risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women using oral contraceptives is less than half that of nonusers. When a third study from the Mayo Clinic failed to confirm these findings, it was criticized for inclusion of ineligible subjects, misclassification of oral contraceptive use, and inadequate statistical power. Recent expansion of the Mayo Clinic's data resources provided a unique opportunity to resolve the controversy, and a new population-based case-control study was undertaken. In comparison with the previous study, the new investigation had 2.2 times as many eligible cases and more complete ascertainment of oral contraceptive use via access to the records of Planned Parenthood of Minnesota. Comparing any prior use of oral contraceptives with never having used them, the relative risk of rheumatoid arthritis estimated from 182 cases and their 182 matched controls was 1.1 (95% confidence interval 0.7 to 1.7). The relative risk for current use was 1.3 (95% confidence interval, 0.7 to 2.4). The lack of a protective effect was independent of age, disease severity, and disease end point (date of confirmed diagnosis or symptom onset). | |
| 902006 | Presentation of rheumatoid arthritis and its relation to prognosis. | 1977 Sep 3 | A review of published reports in an attempt to relate the way rheumatoid arthritis presents to its manner of progression and prognosis has provided few positive answers. Certain, but not all, studies indicate that cases with an acute explosive onset do better than those of more insidious onset, but the latter have almost certainly lasted longer by the time they come under medical supervision. Cases of monarthritis and palindromic (remittent) arthritis do better than polyarthritic and persistent cases, but true diagnosis of the former is often uncertain. Undoubtedly persistent high-titre seropositivity and nodule formation are bad prognostic pointers. A plea is made for a more intensive study of the early case: if any therapeutic agent now or in the future can reverse the inflammatory process this is surely the time it is most likely to do so. This is the curable end of what is now an incurable disease. | |
| 6660239 | Methods of assessing radiographic change in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1983 Dec 30 | The first attempt at standardization in the evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis was reported by Steinbrocker in 1949. Subsequently, Kellgren in the late 1950s, Sharp in 1971, and Larsen in 1973 reported detailed techniques for semiquantitative evaluation of radiographic changes and indicated that joint films may be the most accurate and reproducible basis for assessing the severity and progression of rheumatoid arthritis. High-resolution magnification radiography, achieved by optical magnification of fine-grain film or direct radiographic magnification, has proved particularly valuable for the reliable and sensitive evaluation of articular abnormalities in arthritis. Studies have supported the clinical usefulness of these techniques in assessing early rheumatoid arthritis. A semiquantitative radiographic approach recently used in a multicenter clinical trial is illustrated herein. Results indicate a high interobserver correlation for grades of erosion and joint-space narrowing. The sensitivity with which observers graded the findings, however, varied among observers despite the use of reference standards. There was poor correlation among observers for assessing changes in grade with time so that evaluation of clinical response was limited. Observations from this analysis provide the basis for improved methods in the design of clinical therapeutic trials. | |
| 7125713 | Domiciliary self-measurement in the rheumatoid arthritis and the demonstration of circadia | 1982 Oct | Symptoms and signs of rheumatoid arthritis vary within the day and from day to day. Interesting and possibly important observations can be missed when evaluations are based only on outpatient measurements, which are likely to be made at only one time and at infrequent intervals. We have found that patients can measure their own grip strength and finger joint sizes at home, and simultaneously assess overall pain and stiffness on numerical scales. Measurements made by patients were reproducible when made at the same time of day if on the same treatment. The patient's subjective assessment of pain and stiffness is a useful measure of the severity of rheumatoid arthritis. These pain and stiffness ratings were found to be well correlated with the patient's objective measurements of finger joint size and grip strength. Information not otherwise available can be collected by studying patients at home with these self-measurement techniques. These have allowed the demonstration of circadian variations in the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and improved the evaluation of drugs studied in clinical trials. | |
| 654881 | Dural involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1978 Apr 26 | Involvement of the cranial dura in rheumatoid arthritis is rare; a new case of this complication is added to the four recorded instances. Dural involvement in rheumatoid arthritis may occur in the absence of other rheumatoid lesions of the CNS; it appears to take a clinically uneventful course and does not seem to represent a factor predisposing to the development of chronic subdural hematoma. | |
| 3863243 | Prognostic factors and diagnostic criteria in early rheumatoid arthritis. | 1985 | The purpose of the present undertaking was to investigate prognosis of patients with non-specific or rheumatoid arthritis and to study the value of different diagnostic criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at the beginning of the disease. During the years 1973-75, a total of 442 patients with recent (less than or equal to 6 months) arthritis were studied at the Rheumatism Foundation Hospital, Heinola, Finland. In 1982 the outcome of the 200 patients with the diagnosis of RA or non-specific arthritis was established. Their ages at the time of the first hospitalization were 16-77 years, mean 41. There were 63 men and 137 women. The follow-up period was 6-9 years, mean 7.6. The outcome was measured by joint score, function score, the sum of ESR and CRP, X-ray index, outcome index, which was composed of the preceding ones, ESR, and CRP. The outcome was poor in half of the patients. Ninety-eight signs and symptoms registered at the first hospitalization were compared with the seven facets of outcome using Pearson's correlation coefficient r. The significances of the correlation coefficients were tested by Student's t-test. From 10 to 39 variables correlated highly significantly (p less than 0.001) with the measures of outcome; however, most of the variables had only moderate correlations. At best 14 variables showed 0.40 less than r less than 0.58 when correlated with the outcome index. In conclusion, at the onset of an arthritic disease symmetrical polyarthritis in peripheral joints, serum rheumatoid factor, X-ray changes, morning stiffness, high ESR, and old age correlated best with a destructive joint disease. Plasma proteins as indices of non-specific inflammation mattered less. The relationships between 22 entry variables and the seven facets of prognosis were further evaluated by means of stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results were essentially the same as reached above. One or two variables, most often the number of diseased peripheral joints and serum Waaler-Rose test, always explained the variance better than the number of ARA criteria alone. To study the value of the diagnostic criteria, diagnosis of the patients was made in the following three ways: RA with five or more erosive joints (N = 78), RF-positive and erosive RA (N = 93), RF-positive and nonerosive or RF-negative and erosive RA (N = 125). The patients outside each of the diagnostic groups formed the corresponding control groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) |