Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 985134 | [Ultrastructural changes in articular cartilage in rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1976 | Electron microscope studies of the articular cartilages removed in the course of the operation on 6 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were carried out. The processes of destruction of chondrocytes and the cartilaginous matrix in different regions of the articular cartilage were traced. In the surface areas of the drastically changed cartilage there were observed leucocytes of the synovial fluid, and in deeper areas--disintegration of chondrocytes and extracellular disposition of lysosomes and altered organellas, destroyed cartilaginous cells. In these areas destruction of collagenous fibres was particularly intensive. In areas of the tissue remote from the destuction hypertrophy of chondrocytes due to hyperplasia of various organellas and the Golgi complex in particular were noted. In the Golgi zone granules of glycogen were detected. No mitoses were observed. Apparently, the enzymatic destruction of the cartilaginous matrix in rheumatoid arthritis could proceed at the expense of the activazation of the synovial fluid lysosomes and lysosomes of chondrocytes themselves. A reparative regeneration of the disintegrating matrix was realized mainly because of hypertrophy of the functionally preserved chondrocytes. | |
| 1247377 | Connective tissue activation: VIII. The effects of temperature studied in vitro. | 1976 Jan | The effects of increasing environmental temperature were studied in two normal and two rheumatoid human synovial cell cultures. Control cultures showed an increased rate of hyaluronate synthesis and glucolysis as temperature was increased from 30 C to 39 C. Cultures which were activated (stimulated by a connective tissue activating peptide, CTAP) showed an especially striking increase in hyaluronic acid synthesis, glucose uptake and lactate formation at 36 C and 38 C. The data suggest that small changes in joint temperature may be associated with profound alterations in synovial metabolic activity. | |
| 4072648 | Mechanical loosening after hip replacement. Incidence after 10 years in 125 patients. | 1985 Aug | From our first 186 Charnley hip replacements 125, retained for more than 10 years, were examined clinically and radiographically. There were radiographic signs of definite or probable loosening of one or both prosthetic components in 29 per cent of the hips. However, there was a poor correlation between the clinical and the radiographic results, as 86 per cent of the hips were free from significant pain. The loosening rate for males under 60 years of age at the time of the operation was four times higher than for females in the same age group. We suggest that this high-risk group should be followed radiographically, so that a revision, if necessary, can be considered while the bone stock is still sufficient. | |
| 6386904 | Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis. | 1984 Oct | Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis is a histiocytic disorder affecting primarily skin and joints but occasionally involving other organ systems as well. A case is presented and the disease is reviewed, including discussion of historical, clinicopathologic, radiologic, etiologic, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects. | |
| 6361141 | A fluorimetric assay for human antibodies to all the histones. | 1983 Dec 16 | We describe a fluorescence immunoassay for anti-histone antibodies in human sera. Histones are bound to immobilised tyrosine-glutamic acid copolymer on a polystyrene cuvette. With mixed histones as antigen normal sera showed low levels of antibody binding. Much higher values were obtained with some sera from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients positive for antinuclear antibodies, and from patients with vasculitic RA, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and drug induced LE. Antibodies to all 5 individual histones were elevated in SLE and vasculitic RA patients. Preliminary results suggest that differences in response patterns may be disease related. | |
| 1185910 | Destructive monarthritis and granulomatous synovitis as the presenting manifestations of C | 1975 Oct | A twenty-two-year-old woman and a fourteen-year-old boy with Crohn's disease presented with progressive monarticular arthritis with radiologic evidence of altered articular cartilage and subchondral bone. In one individual, granulomatous inflammation of the synovium was demonstrated. Intestinal symptoms were not prominent. In both individuals, the development of the monarthritis led to the discovery of the underlying inflammatory bowel disease. | |
| 7332317 | [Detection of anti-collagen type I and II antibodies by an immunoenzymatic technique (ELIS | 1981 May | An attempt was made to detect antibodies against type I and/or II collagen in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and leprae. This study was performed with an immunoenzymatic technique: ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The following steps were performed: bovine collagen type I or II was adsorbed on glass beads; possible free sites were saturated by incubating the beads with sheep serum; then, the antibodies specifically bound to collagen were detected by a peroxidase-labelled anti-immunoglobulin; the immune complexes at the surface of the beads were revealed by a substrate specific for peroxidase and of great stability: Trinder's reactive. Using conditions previously shown to be optimal, the prevalence of anti-collagen antibodies was as follows. In patients with lepromatous leprae the percentages of positive sera against collagen type I and II were 40% and 44%, respectively; in patients with tuberculoid leprae the percentages were lower: 10% and 30%, respectively. Ten per cent of the SLE patients had antibodies against collagen type I, half of the prevalence noted for anti-collagen type II antibodies (20%). Finally, 13.6% of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis had antibodies against collagen type I, a percentage very similar to that of the patients with anti-collagen type II antibodies (14.6%). | |
| 6202303 | The effect of synovial iron on the progression of rheumatoid disease. A histologic assessm | 1984 May | Seventeen patients with early rheumatoid synovitis underwent synovial biopsy to assess the interrelationship between both ferritin (the intracellular iron storage protein) and Perls' positive iron (ferric iron in loose combination with protein), on the activity and course of rheumatoid disease. The amount of ferritin was associated to a significant degree with the activity of the disease at the time of biopsy, but showed no relation to the way the disease progressed over the following year. In contrast, the amount of Perls' iron bore no relation to the activity of the disease at biopsy, but its presence was associated with persistent disease. It is argued that this association is direct, that ferritin production may fail in a population of synovial macrophages, and that Perls' ferric iron may either be reduced to the ferrous form and promote the formation of toxic free radical species, or stimulate collagenase and prostaglandin release from synovial macrophages. | |
| 6200919 | [Serological profile in so-called seronegative rheumatoid arthritis]. | 1984 Feb | 89 cases of sero-negative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were compared to 127 cases of sero-positive RA. Anti-perinuclear and anti-keratin antibodies were detected less frequently in the first group (51 vs 67% and 28 vs 33%, respectively), while the inverse was found for anti-nuclear antibodies (28 vs 24%). "Light" rheumatoid factors (RF)--IgG, IgM, IgE, IgA and IgD--were detected in 23.6, 21.3, 17.5, 11.3 and 0 per cent of cases of sero-negative R.A. The evolutive state of these cases was less severe. RF agglutinins were detected in 5 out of 12 samples of synovial fluid tested in cases of sero-negative RA. | |
| 6697577 | Pigmented villonodular synovitis-like lesions in association with rare cases of rheumatoid | 1984 Mar | Five synovial lesions that were incidental microscopic findings during routine pathologic assessment of tissue removed during joint arthroplasties are described. The five lesions were comparable in that they were circumscribed nodular mononuclear spindle cell proliferations similar morphologically to the most common neoplasm-like conditions of joints and tendon sheaths, the so-called pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) or giant cell tumor of tendon sheaths (GCTTS). Their location in the fibrohistiocytic layer of the synovium beneath the membrane lining cells is morphologic evidence of the site of origin of PVNS/GCTTS, a heretofore poorly understood but troublesome clinical entity. Whether these lesions represent true subclinical PVNS or rare reactions to bone, synovium, and cartilage breakdown products leading to a histologic pattern that mimics PVNS remains unclear. | |
| 6782670 | [Is myositis in chronic polyarthritis using d-penicillamine drug-induced?]. | 1981 Jan 3 | Myositis was diagnosed twenty months after starting treatment with d-penicillamine in a patient suffering from uncomplicated rheumatoid arthritis for nearly three years. The diagnosis was established by electromyographic investigation and by biopsy. In this patient d-penicillamine had been intermittently increased to a dose over 1 g per day and then reduced because of mild proteinuria. The appearance of myositis during d-penicillamine therapy, its immediate regression on discontinuing the drug, and the absence of signs of vasculitis or other extraarticular manifestations in this patient suggest that this complication may be drug-induced. The clinical course is compared with isolated cases reported in the literature. The significance of this rare side effect is discussed. | |
| 6333069 | Synovial fluid and blood monocytes/macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis. Influence on polyc | 1984 | The regulatory role of synovial fluid monocytes/macrophages from patients with rheumatoid arthritis in terms of B lymphocyte activation was evaluated by a reverse haemolytic plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay. Macrophage-depleted blood mononuclear cells (BMC) failed to respond to pokeweed mitogen (PWM). With autologous synovial fluid macrophages added, the PFC responses of macrophage-depleted BMC increased, and optimal concentration for full restoration of the PFC responses ranged from 8 to 35%. Synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SMC) as well as macrophage-depleted SMC were not able to respond to PWM. Addition of irradiated autologous blood macrophages to SMC did not increase the SMC PFC responses. It is concluded that the regulatory properties of synovial fluid macrophages do not explain the low PFC response of SMC to PWM. | |
| 970989 | Immunoglobulin and complement deposition in skin of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupu | 1976 Aug | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was differentiated from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by direct immunofluorescent techniques on skin specimens, using monospecific antisera for IgG, IgM, C3, C1q, properdin, and fibrin. Of 30 patients with RA studied, 20 had dermal vessel deposits of immunoglobulins and complement components in unaffected skin without the characteristic dermal-epidermal junctional fluorescence of SLE. Of 24 SLE patients studied, 24 had granular deposits of immunoglobulins and complement components in unaffected skin at the dermal-epidermal junction. | |
| 1154197 | Radiological assessment of the Charnley total hip arthroplasty. | 1975 Jul 26 | A description is given of the normal radiological appearances of the Charnley total hip arthroplasty. This is followed by a description of the radiological assessment of the complications that may be associated with this operation. | |
| 6643560 | Charnley low-friction arthroplasty in diabetic patients. | 1983 Nov | A retrospective study of 44 diabetic patients who, between them, had 62 Charnley low-friction arthroplasties, showed a superficial-infection rate of 9.7 per cent and a deep-infection rate of 5.6 per cent. All the operations were carried out in the Charnley clear-air enclosure and prophylactic antibiotics were not used. A statistically significant increase in the overall rate of infection was found in diabetic patients when compared with non-diabetic osteoarthritic patients (P less than 0.001) and rheumatoid patients (P less than 0.01). Hence it is suggested that in diabetic patients there may well be a place for prophylactic antibiotics in hip replacement surgery in addition to the use of the clean-air enclosure. | |
| 2988854 | Mononuclear cell-conditioned medium containing mononuclear cell factor (MCF), homologous w | 1985 Mar | Adherent rheumatoid synovial cells produce and release into supernatant culture medium latent collagenase and PGE2. The levels of collagenase and PGE2 can be increased by a soluble factor present in mononuclear cell-conditioned medium, partially purified by gel-filtration, which has homologies with interleukin 1, and is produced by monocyte/macrophages. The synovial cell cultures produce collagens (procollagens) and fibronectin as well. The factor(s) present in the mononuclear cell conditioned medium which increases medium levels of collagenase PGE2 also stimulates synthesis of total protein as well as types I and III procollagen by the synovial cells. This stimulation by the monocyte factor is augmented in the presence of indomethacin, which blocks endogenous PGE2 production. Medium levels of fibronectin parallel those of procollagen. The addition of exogenous PGE2 abolishes the effect of indomethacin on collagen and fibronectin synthesis. These observations of mononuclear cell-mediated increases in fibronectin synthesis may account for the high levels of fibronectin found by others in rheumatoid synovium and synovial fluids as the increases in collagen synthesis might also explain the fibrosis observed in some rheumatoid joints. | |
| 873570 | The effect of sera from patients with connective tissue diseases on red cell binding and p | 1977 Jul | The uptake by human blood monocytes of sheep erythrocytes treated with rabbit anti-sheep antibody with or without mouse complement was assessed by a radioactive method to discover whether immune complexes would inhibit this reaction. It was found that sera from SLE patients inhibited uptake whereas normal sera enhanced. Some rheumatoid sera and rheumatoid joint fluids inhibited uptake whereas sera from juvenile rheumatoid patients did not. | |
| 168637 | [Anti-lipoprotein autoantibodies with hypolipidemia in infectious rheumatism]. | 1975 | Presence of anti-lipoprotein activity, a new serological finding in inflammatory rheumatoid disease, has been established in sera and synovial fluids of 20 patients, among which were 6 cases of ankylosing spondylitis. In 18 of the patients, sera were negative for rheumatoid factor. Anti-lipoprotein activity can best be demonstrated by the hemagglutination technique. The binding activity is directed against autologous as well as homologous, however not against heterologous HDL and LDL. It has no specificity for Ag factors. Anti-LDL activity can also be demonstrated by means of double-diffusion tests, whereas no agar-precipitation has been noticeable using HDL as the antigen. Lipoprotein binding-activities were shown to be localized in the Fab fragments of IgG and, in 2 of the cases, also in IgA. We therefore assume that the underlying mechanism of the antilipoprotein activity is auto-immunization, despite of the fact that neither activation of complement nor a stoichiometric character of the binding reaction could be ascertained. Because hemagglutination and immunoprecipitation tests, respectively, were postive with apo-HDL und apo-LDL too, we consider the apo-protein to carry the antigenic site of the reaction. Sera with anti-lipoprotein autoantibodies from patients with chronic rheumatoid disease also presented another pecularity, i.e., a significant decrease of total lipids, cholesterol, and other components of the lipid spectrum. In patients with paraproteinemia, a similar combination of lipoprotein-binding activity and hypolipidemia or hypocholesterolemia was discussed in a previous paper. Regarding the pathogenesis of hypolipidemia or hypocholesterolemia in our patients with rheumatoid disorders, results of LDL turnover studies were indicative for an increase of the lipoprotein catabolism in the presence of anti-lipoprotein autoantibodies, together with a shift of the intra-extravascular distribution toward the intravascular pool. We assume the increased lipoprotein catabolism in these cases to be due to a trapping of lipoproteins by autoantibodies, and to accelerated degradation of these immune complexes. From a practical point of view, it may be of clinical importance that this new serological finding has been observed mainly in patients with chronic rheumatoid disease lacking a rheumatoid serum factor, and was frequently found in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (6 out of the 20 cases). As a screening method, we recommend systematic determinations of the total lipids and of serum cholesterol in all patients with inflammatory rheumatoid disease. In cases with low levels of total lipids and cholesterol, respectively, it may be useful to search for anti-lipoprotein autoantibodies using the hemagglutination method. Results are reported from some preliminary experiments on animals elicitation of an arthritis by means of intra-articular injections of autologous apo-HDL and apo-LDL, and demonstration of autoantibodies against HDL and LDL). | |
| 6263806 | Changes in the expression of two Epstein-Barr virus-associated antigens, EBNA and RANA, du | 1980 Jul 15 | Two methods of cell sychronization, density-dependent arrest and double thymidine block, were used to assign two Epstein-Barr virus-associated antigens to different parts of the growth cycle of the human B lymphblastoid cell lines, WI-L2 and Raji. The Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA), as detected by anti-complement immunofluorescence, was maximally expressed during early S phase, decreased during the G2 and M phases, and was absent in early G1. In contrast, the rheumatoid arthritis nuclear antigen (RANA), as detected by anti-immunoglobulin immunofluorescence with a prototype serum form a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, was maximally expressed during early G1 phase, progressively decreased during S and early G2, and reappeared during late G2/M. | |
| 3909408 | Rheumatoid vasculitis: experience with 13 patients and review of the literature. | 1985 May | Rheumatoid vasculitis is an uncommon but potentially catastrophic complication of RA. There are few current extensive experiences and no consensus regarding the clinical, laboratory, histologic features, and management or prognosis of rheumatoid vasculitis. We therefore reviewed selected observations in 13 patients followed over the past decade and compared them with patients reported and with results of a survey of North American Rheumatologists. Our patients were seven men and six women (age, 33 to 70 years) who had had active RA for 4 to 36 years. They exhibited sensory neuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex, Felty syndrome, cutaneous lesions, leg ulcers, gangrene, anemia, leukocytosis, eosinophilia, high titers of RF, hypocomplementemia, and CICs or cryoglobulinemia approximately as frequently as other reported patients with rheumatoid vasculitis, but they displayed constitutional symptoms, subcutaneous nodules, ischemic changes, and proteinuria rather less consistently than in other series. These observations were not necessarily as expected by survey respondents. We, as in other series and suggested by survey respondents, tended to select penicillamine or cytotoxic drugs (or plasmapheresis) for patients with mononeuritis, gangrene, or leg ulcers, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, antimalarials, gold, or penicillamine for sensory neuropathy or digital lesions. Four patients died, two deteriorated, and seven were stable or improved, a finding that was also similar to the experiences of others. Rheumatoid vasculitis is an uncommon, potentially catastrophic syndrome with varying clinico-pathologic features that have different prognostic implications and should be managed individually. |