Search for: rheumatoid arthritis methotrexate autoimmune disease biomarker gene expression GWAS HLA genes non-HLA genes
| ID | PMID | Title | PublicationDate | abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6221098 | Immunoregulation in rheumatoid arthritis: evaluation of T lymphocyte function in the contr | 1983 Feb | Immunoglobulin production by peripheral blood B lymphocytes in cultures containing various combinations of B and T cells was studied by a reverse hemolytic plaque forming cell assay in 21 patients with definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 26 normal controls. Responses were markedly enhanced in controls when T cells were irradiated at 3200 rads or T cells bearing Fc receptors for IgG were removed by rosetting prior to coculture with B cells, while no such responses were observed in rheumatoids. In allogeneic cultures and T depleted cultures supplemented by normal T replacing factors, RA B lymphocytes functioned normally. These data suggest that there is an abnormality in immunoregulation that exists at the level of the T cell and that the defect involves T helper cells and/or their interaction with B lymphocytes. An increase in the ratio of T helper:suppressor (OKT4:OKT5) cells due to a reduction in suppressor cells among active RA patients was observed but did not correlate with this defect that was independent of disease activity. These data imply that functional alterations exist in vitro in circulating helper T cells from RA peripheral blood. | |
| 464465 | Bladder complications in patients receiving cyclophosphamide for systemic lupus erythemato | 1979 Aug | The bladder complications of 54 patients treated with oral cyclophosphamide for systemic lupus erythematosus (43) or rheumatoid arthritis (11) were reviewed. During an observation period of 241 patient years, we saw seven cases of acute hemorrhagic cystitis and two cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Bladder carcinoma was identified 28 and 60 months after withdrawal of the drug and resulted in the death of one patient. The late-occurring serious toxicities of cyclophosphamide should limit the use of the drug in the treatment of nonmalignant inflammatory rheumatic conditions. | |
| 6093409 | The value of early and late 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate scintigrams of hands in patients | 1984 Jul | Scintigrams of hands performed immediately after injection of 555 MBq 99mTc-methylene disphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) have been found to be the same and to have the same diagnostic value as those performed with 99mTcO4 both in persons without arthritic changes and in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Increased accumulation at this point is caused by hypervascularity due to inflammation, bone accretion being still negligible. Additional exposure to radiation from 99mTcO4 scintigraphy can therefore be avoided. The late scintigrams performed 3 h after 99mTc-MDP injection in the same patient can give us additional information on the amount of bone remodeling caused by chronic inflammation. Comparison of early and late scintigrams and the radiographs of hands in the same patient can provide us with better understanding of intensity, duration, and nature of joint changes under observation. | |
| 970994 | Early rheumatoid disease. I. Onset. | 1976 Aug | We describe features with onset in 102 patients seen within the first year of rheumatoid disease. The male:female ratio was approximately 3:4, suggesting a near equal sex incidence at onset. The disease started more often in the colder months and was usually insodious, symmetrical, and involved the upper limbs. The patients were followed prospectively and outcome was assessed after a mean of 4.5 years. Older patients fared worse and there was a trend for a poorer prognosis to be indicated by an insidious onset and early progression to symmetrical involvement. | |
| 1080976 | Profiles of antinuclear antibodies in systemic rheumatic diseases. | 1975 Oct | The prevalence of different antinuclear antibodies was examined in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, progressive systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, discoid lupus erythematosus, and mixed connective tissue disease. Antibody to Sm antigen (a nuclear acidic protein) was found almost exclusively in serums of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, suggesting that this antibody might be a "marker" antibody for this disease. However, antibodies to native DNA and to nuclear ribonucleoprotein were found in a variety of systemic rheumatic diseases. In systemic lupus erythematosus, antibody to native DNA was present in high titer but in other rheumatic diseases in low titer. Antibody to nuclear ribonucleoprotein occurred in certain other systemic rheumatic diseases besides the mixed connective tissue disease syndrome. These studies showed that there were distinct profiles of antinuclear antibodies in certain systemic rheumatic diseases, characterized by the presence or absence of certain antibodies and by differences in their mean titers. | |
| 3898288 | Safety of thymopentin. Data from European clinical studies. | 1985 | The safety data collected from 196 patients treated with thymopentin during the clinical development of this compound in Europe are reviewed and compared with the incidence of adverse drug reactions experienced when using a commercial nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug. Quantitatively side effects are reported in the same range for both drugs, however, they appear to be quite different when classified by body systems. Some patients complained about somnolence, and it is speculated whether this symptom might be related to thymopentin's known effect on the neuromuscular junction. The general conclusion is that thymopentin is an extremely well tolerated drug when used according to the dose regimens recommended. | |
| 6449901 | Immune complex mediated rheumatic diseases. | 1980 Apr | Immune complex mediated damage, still incompletely understood, is a frequent and important pathogenetic mechanism in several major rheumatic diseases. Injury by circulating immune complexes seems to be related mainly to the size of the complexes and their ability to activate the complement system. The more circulating immune complexes are looked for to assess the nature of an activity of diseases, the more clinicians are faced with difficulties in interpretation. This is partly because of rapidly increasing number and types of immune complex assays and the conflicting data obtained. An understanding of the principles behind the commonly used immune complex assays allows the clinician to appreciate their advantages and weak points and to apply them correctly in investigating the clinicopathological aspects of immune complex mediated rheumatic diseases. | |
| 4062387 | Synthesis of antibodies, including antiviral antibodies, in the knee joints of patients wi | 1985 Nov | Serum and synovial fluids from 16 patients with seronegative arthritis and eight with rheumatoid arthritis were studied for immunoglobulin levels and for antibody levels to five viruses. When allowances were made for the distribution of immunoglobulins between serum and synovial fluid there was evidence that in several patients antibody to one or more viruses was synthesised locally in the joint. IgG and especially IgM were present in greatly increased amounts in arthritic joints compared with normal joints. On the basis of serum/synovial fluid ratios inflammation and local immunoglobulin synthesis are discussed as possible causes. These results are compared with antiviral antibody and immunoglobulin ratios observed in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis. | |
| 6760384 | Immunoreactive granulocyte elastase in rheumatoid synovial fluid and membrane. | 1982 | A specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) was utilized to determine granulocyte elastase in the synovial fluid of a series of 45 rheumatoid joints in 39 patients. The average concentration was approximately 340 micrograms/l, exceeding that of the paired serum sample in all but 6 cases. No correlation was noted in synovial fluid between its content of granulocyte elastase and the total number of white blood cells. The concentrations in sera from rheumatoid patients with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and controls were equivalent. Non-inflammatory exudates contained low concentrations of elastase. The immunoreactive granulocyte elastase in rheumatoid synovial fluid was bound to alpha 1-antitrypsin suggesting release of the enzyme in its active form. An uptake of elastase-containing complexes by macrophage-like cells in the synovial membrane was demonstrated by immunohistochemical staining of tissue using antiserum against granulocyte elastase. The concentrations of immunoreactive granulocyte elastase in the free synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritic joints presumably only faintly reflect the situation concerning the target substrates. | |
| 6562959 | Apheresis. | 1984 Jun | Therapeutic apheresis is a relatively new modality. Its absolute indications are few and include hyperviscosity syndrome, cryoglobulinemia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, Goodpasture's syndrome, and life-threatening complications of immunologic disorders refractory to conventional management. The use of apheresis in most of the other disorders discussed in this monograph is experimental and should not be employed unless all the mitigating therapeutic considerations clearly suggest an overwhelming advantage of apheresis. The promise of apheresis is much greater than its current use, and the research applications of specific component separation and antibody removal are of great importance. It is hoped that these new developments will shortly make current devices obsolete and improve the clinical management of patients as well as increase our knowledge of disease etiopathogenesis. | |
| 6815439 | Does the X chromosome have a special role in immune biology? | 1982 Sep | The observation that a number of gene clusters or "supergenes" are critical in the genetic regulation of the immune response was used to introduce the hypothesis that multiple X chromosome genes are similarly organized and that they play some special critical role in the immune response. The evidence discussed included current information on several of the human X-linked immune deficiencies, data from mice and studies suggesting X chromosome genes have "regulatory" functions in non-immune tissues. A set of potentially testable speculations based on the hypothesis were advanced. | |
| 525323 | A comparison of the funtional performance of patients with Charnley and Müller total hip | 1979 Oct | Measurements of functional performance in 35 cases with Charnley total hip replacement were compared with those of 54 cases with Müller replacement before surgery and at 6- and 24-month follow-up intervals. The measurements included strength of the hip abductor and adductor muscles, hip motion, the amount of weight borne on the involved limb during standing posture, multiple components of free-speed and fast walking, and force applied to canes and crutches. Both replacement groups improved significantly in most components of function. In fact, both groups reached or nearly reached the lower limits of normal variability in weight-bearing ability, cadence, and some components which relate to smoothness of walking performance. The groups with Müller and Charnley replacement differed most in some components of range of hip motion, hip muscle strength, and lateral lurching during walking. | |
| 970990 | Indomethacin serum concentrations in man. Effects of dosage, food, and antacid. | 1976 Aug | In the use of anti-inflammatory compounds, sustained serum levels are thought to be related to drug efficacy. This study shows that frequent clinical administration of indomethacin can result in sustained serum levels of the drug and that food and antacid may have important modifying effects on serum indomethacin concentrations. After oral ingestion by fasting subjects, indomethacin rapidly appeared in the serum, usually reaching peak concentrations in 30 to 90 minutes. Food delayed and decreased the mean peak level; antacid delayed the peak and slightly enhanced subsequent concentrations. With multiple dose schedules plateau levels were reached after 24 hours. When a total daily dose of 150 mg was given as 25 mg every 4 hours peak concentrations were the same but fluctuations were smaller and average concentrations were higher than with a dosage of 50 mg every 8 hours. | |
| 6361628 | Nabumetone, a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug: a comparison with naproxen. | 1983 Dec 14 | Nabumetone, 500 mg two nocte, was compared with naproxen, 250 mg two nocte and one mane, in the management of 24 patients with rheumatoid arthritis attending an outpatients clinic. Both drugs were generally well tolerated and were of comparable efficacy in the dose employed. Similar numbers incurred side effects while taking either drug, but severe side effects, requiring withdrawal from the trial in two cases, were restricted to those patients taking naproxen. As patients known to be intolerant to naproxen were excluded from the trial, the results could have been expected to favour naproxen in this respect. Nabumetone may have a useful role in the management of patients with poor tolerance of other anti-inflammatory drugs. | |
| 6790707 | Detection of circulating immune complexes in cutaneous disease using a monoclonal rheumato | 1981 Jul | A monoclonal rheumatoid factor (mRF) hemagglutination (HA) assay for the detection of circulating immune complexes is described. In this assay, human red blood cells coated with mRF were reacted in microtiter and, in the presence of circulating immune complexes, were agglutinated. Titers were determined and results were compared to a mRF inhibition (solid phase) radioassay (mRF-Inh). Serum samples [141] from patients with a variety of cutaneous diseases [78], systemic lupus erythematosus [19], rheumatoid arthritis [21] and normals [23] were tested by both methods. Eighty-four samples were positive by mRF-Inh and 75 mRF-HA. Seventy of the serum samples were positive by both methods for an overall correlation of 87%. When sucrose density gradient fractions were tested by both methods, results obtained by mRF-HA correlated with those obtained by mRF-Ihh in all patients studied. This procedure may be adapted for routine laboratory use and thus circumvents the need for costly equipment and hazardous radioactive materials. | |
| 7075121 | Relationship of serum naproxen concentration to efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis. | 1982 Jun | Twenty-four patients with rheumatoid arthritis were tested in a randomized, double-blind. Latin-square comparison of 250, 750 and 1500 mg of naproxen daily. Each received each dose for 2 wk and baseline disease activity was established during withdrawal of medication before and after the study. Nine standard measures of efficacy were tested at each evaluation. No order effect or change in baseline was found. Total and unbound naproxen concentrations were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography and equilibrium dialysis, respectively. A linear dose-response relationship (P less than 0.05) was demonstrated between naproxen and joint count, patient's pain assessment, activities of daily living index, physician's global assessment, and grip strength. The relationship to patients' global assessment was of uncertain significance (P less than 0.07). A positive dose to serum level correlation (1, 2, and 12 hr after dose) was apparent (r greater than 0.78). When patients were defined as responders or nonresponders by a summed efficacy score, there was a serum concentration-response relationship; the percentage of responding patients increased with each serum level quartile: 25%, 31%, 59%, and 75%. Patients with a trough total serum naproxen concentration under 18 micrograms/ml did not respond, while 76% of patients with trough total serum concentrations above 50 micrograms/ml responded. No serum naproxen toxicity level relationship was established. | |
| 3876836 | Elevated C3 anaphylatoxin levels in synovial fluids from patients with rheumatoid arthriti | 1985 Oct | Because cleavage products of the third component of complement augment inflammation and may contribute to arthritis, we used a competitive inhibition radioimmunoassay to measure levels of the low molecular weight cleavage products of the third component of complement, C3a and C3adesArg, in 72 synovial fluid samples. Mean levels of C3a/C3adesArg were more than sevenfold higher in 41 patients who had rheumatoid arthritis than in 15 patients who had degenerative joint disease or 5 patients who had traumatic arthritis. Striking elevations were also present in 2 patients who had acute gouty arthritis. A calculation of the fraction of intraarticular C3 cleaved showed that the patients with rheumatoid arthritis had a mean C3 cleavage of 11.6 +/- 11.0%, which was significantly higher than values of less than 1.5% for patients with degenerative joint disease or traumatic arthritis. In rheumatoid arthritis and gouty arthritis, specific immunoassay identified substantial quantities of the initial C3 cleavage fragments. | |
| 3873947 | Application, to Japanese patients, of the 1982 American Rheumatism Association revised cri | 1985 Jun | The 1982 American Rheumatism Association revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus were tested on Japanese patients. Sensitivity and specificity data were comparable with those presented in the development of the revised criteria by the American Rheumatism Association. Complement determinations were evaluated for their ability to improve the criteria for the diagnosis of early systemic lupus erythematosus. | |
| 7041240 | Glucose tolerance, plasma insulin and C-peptide during chloroquine treatment of rheumatoid | 1981 Nov | Since and adverse effect of chloroquine (Cq) on the specific functions of the pancreatic beta-cell has been recently documented in animals, it was of interest to study if a similar effect could be demonstrated during Cq treatment in homo. The effect of Cq on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion was studied in 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over a 3-month period. Fasting plasma levels of glucose, insulin, C-peptide and glucosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were checked before starting treatment, after 3 months' Cq treatment and 3 months after withdrawal of treatment. At the same intervals oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed. No significant change in any of these parameters was found during treatment with Cq. In patients with a normal OGTT, Cq inhibition of insulin synthesis and/or secretion cannot be demonstrated, as measured by a decreased plasma insulin an C-peptide response to oral glucose load. | |
| 287188 | Liver abnormalities in penicillamine treated rheumatoid arthritis. | 1979 | Liver enzymes were followed in 99 patients treated with D-penicillamine for rheumatoid arthritis. In six abnormalities were found which consisted of elevated levels of lactic dehydrogenase. ALAT/ASAT, alkaline phosphatases or combinations of these. The changes were reversible on stopping the drug with one possible exception. No evidence of biliary cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis or HBag-associated hepatitis was found. Liver biopsy was performed in 4 cases--one was taken 2 months after the treatment was discontinued, and was normal. One biopsy showed mild inflammatory changes, whereas in two histologic evidence of toxic liver necrosis was present. Liver damage should be included among possible complications of D-PA treatment. |